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1.
Aiden Biccard 《African Zoology》2016,51(2):99-116
The purpose of this paper is to document recent additions to the South African barnacle (Cirripedia) fauna. New species records were obtained by examining accumulated collections of unidentified material in the Iziko South African Museum, as well as via material collected directly by the authors. Fourteen species, none of which are new to science, are added to the known fauna, raising the total number of barnacle species recorded from South Africa by over 20%, from 69 to 83 species. Ten of the additional species are offshore benthic forms and represent deep-water taxa whose ranges are extended into South African waters. The remaining four are coastal inshore or surface-dwelling species, of which three are considered recent anthropogenic introductions. The large number of additions to the fauna can be attributed to a long absence of taxonomic expertise on this group in the region and consequent accumulation of unidentified samples. A high proportion of the deep-water samples examined contained previously unreported species, suggesting that additional sampling of hard abyssal substrata in the region is certain to yield yet more new cirripede records. 相似文献
2.
Thirteen Dactylogyrus, 1 Dogelius and 1 Tetraonchus species are first recorded on Iranian fishes. Of them, twelve Dactylogyrus species and Tetraonchus monenteron are identified with known species. Dogelius persicus sp. n. from Barbus sharpeyi, Barbus grypus and Carassobarbus luteus, as well as Dactylogyrus holciki from Chalcalburnus mossulensis and C. chalcoides are described as new species. Besides the first record of the above monogeneans, new host records are given to some known species. 相似文献
3.
Cryptosporidium ryanae n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae) in cattle (Bos taurus) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A new species, Cryptosporidium ryanae, is described from cattle. Oocysts of C. ryanae, previously identified as the Cryptosporidium deer-like genotype and recorded as such in GenBank (AY587166, EU203216, DQ182597, AY741309, and DQ871345), are similar to those of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium bovis but smaller. This genotype has been reported to be prevalent in cattle worldwide. Oocysts obtained from a calf for the present study are the smallest Cryptosporidium oocysts reported in mammals, measuring 2.94-4.41micromx2.94-3.68microm (mean=3.16micromx3.73microm) with a length/width shape index of 1.18 (n=40). The pre-patent period for two Cryptosporidium-na?ve calves fed C. ryanae oocysts was 11 days and the patent period was 15-17 days. Oocysts were not infectious for BALB/c mice or lambs. Fragments of the SSU-rDNA, HSP-70, and actin genes amplified by PCR were purified and PCR products were sequenced. Multi-locus analysis of the three unlinked loci demonstrated the new species to be distinct from all other species and also demonstrated a lack of recombination, providing further evidence of species status. Based on morphological, molecular and biological data, this geographically widespread parasite found only in Bos taurus calves is recognized as a new species and is named C. ryanae. 相似文献
4.
D.H.S. Kerimuir 《African Zoology》2013,48(3):194-209
Large-fish population changes in the Sanyati Basin of Lake Kariba between 1960 and 1975 are evaluated and discussed. The early lake population following closure of the dam wall in 1958 was similar to the pre-impoundment riverine population with Labeo spp., Distichodus spp., Clarias gariepinus and two characid species dominating gill-net catches. Exceptions were mormyrids, scarce in the new lake although abundant in the river, and Oreochromis mortimeri, scarce in the river but expanding rapidly in the lake. Productivity in the new lake in terms of ichthyomass relative to later years was high. In later years following closure several of the early abundant mostly potamodromous species declined rapidly (C. gariepinus, Labeo spp., Distichodus spp.,) and by 1975 they were unimportant. Mormyrids, cichlids and two silurid species increased significantly in catches as did the characin, Hydrocynus vittatus; the latter as a result of the expansion of the freshwater sardine population, from 1970. While early populations were essentially herbivorous later populations were largely insectivorous/molluscivorous. Concomitant with these changes new species appeared, while a few disappeared. Possible sources of origin of the new arrivals are discussed. Salient features of the entire evolutionary process are summarized, while some of the lessons leamt from Kariba, and a few recommendations arising from this, are listed in the conclusion. 相似文献
5.
Matthee S Lovely C Gaugler A Beeker R Venter HR Horak IG 《Journal of the South African Veterinary Association》2010,81(2):126-128
The objective of this study was to determine the species composition of ixodid ticks infesting domestic dogs in the northwestern region of the Northern Cape Province of South Africa and in Namibia. Ticks were collected from February 2008 to January 2009 from dogs presented for a variety of reasons at a veterinary clinic in the Northern Cape Province and at 3 clinics in Namibia. The ticks collected at each place were pooled separately for each month at each locality. Eleven ixodid tick species were collected from dogs in the Northern Cape Province and new locality records for Haemaphysalis colesbergensis and Ixodes rubicundus, new locality and host records for Hyalomma glabrum, and a new host record for Rhipicephalus neumanni are reported. Six tick species were collected from dogs at the 3 clinics in Namibia. The most numerous species on dogs in both countries was R. sanguineus. The present results increase the total number of ixodid tick species collected from dogs in South Africa from 25 to 28. 相似文献
6.
新疆草地药用及毒害植物的霜霉菌研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对新疆草地药用植物及有毒有害植物的霜霉进行了系统的分类研究，采自新疆天山及平原绿洲的９７份草地药用及毒害植物霜霉菌标本，共鉴定出分别寄生于１５科３６属４４种寄生植物上的５属３４种霜霉菌，包括２个新种，７个全国新记录种有５个新寄主记录，其中寄生于２６属３４种草地药用植物上的霜霉菌５属２５种，寄生于１０属１１种草地毒害植物上的霜霉菌２属１０种，从生物多样性的保护和持续利用及生态系统的角度出发，在挖掘我 相似文献
7.
The authors present preliminary results of the coprological examination of calves in large-capacity calf-houses. In a new large-capacity calf-house in the Benesov district in the Central-Bohemian region, 200 samples of faeces were examined according to Breza (1957) and further examinations were performed regularly in a group of 42 calves from the age of 0.5 to 6 months. The tests revealed 13 species of endoparasites, including eight species of coccidia: Eimeria auburnensis, E. alabamensis. E. bovis, E. cylindrica, E. elliposidalis, E. subspherica, E. zuernii, Isospora spp., and five species of helminths: Strongyloides papillosus, Oesophagostomum radiatum, Trichocephalus ovis, Cooperia spp., and Ascaris suum. The following conclusions were derived from these findings: 1. The calves may carry the germs of coccidia and helminths on their hooves already during transportation to the new calf-house; 2. twelve- to twenty-day-old calves, coming to the calf-houses, are often already attacked by several species of coccidia and helminths; 3. the number of parasite species increases and the extensity of invasion rises with age; 4. it has been demonstrated that the invasion process of eight species of coccidia and five species of worms can take place under the conditions of modern calf-house; 5, stronglyloidosis, oesophagostomosis, and trichocephalosis can be treated as typical stable helminthoses; 6. some other speceis of helminths and coccidia occur in calves after transition to green forage with which they are probably carried to the calf-house. 相似文献
8.
为收集优良的草坪种质资源,对北京地区野生早熟禾属(Poa L.)植物资源进行了实地考察。北京共有早熟禾属植物20种1个亚种,其中7个种及1个亚种为新分布,西部和北部山区早熟禾属植物物种分布较为丰富,尤其是东灵山、百花山、海坨山及喇叭沟门。从垂直分布看,草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis L.)为广布种,从平原到高海拔地区均有分布。硬质早熟禾(Poasphondylodes Trin.)在低山区常见,其他物种主要分布在海拔1000 m以上的地区。通过研究23份来自不同居群的草地早熟禾花序特征,发现不同居群的花序性状间存在较大的变异,花序基部最短分枝长的变异最大,花序小穗数次之。 相似文献
9.
Forty-six species of Crustacea from the shallow marine waters of the southern Cape coast are listed. Five new records for the area are dealt with, of which two are described as new species. These include a sphaeromatid isopod Cymodoce davleae and a dromiid crab Cryptodromia hirsutimana. 相似文献
10.
Road-killed animals are overlooked as the source of ectoparasites for monitoring vectors of zoonotic pathogens. We demonstrate that by exclusively sampling road-killed animals, a wide spectrum of vertebrate hosts and ectoparasites can be collected. Fifty-one species of ectoparasites were recovered from 35 species of road-killed vertebrates in northwestern South Carolina. Approximately, 11% of the total known terrestrial vertebrate species in the region were examined, which included more than 25% of the known mammal species. Our sampling techniques produced new state and regional records for chewing lice, ticks, and parasitic mites. Most ectoparasites were alive when they were collected, which would allow them to be screened for zoonotic pathogens. 相似文献
11.
This report concerns a collection of parasitic worms from South Africa, and contains a new species of monogenean, Gyrodactylus transvaalensis, six species of adult trematodes, including a new species of Phyllodistomum.P. van der waali, two metacercariae of the Family Clinostomidae and three of the Order Strigeida, as well as two species of cestodes, and larvae of the nematode genus Contracaecum. The adults of previously-known helminths are redescribed, with some remarks on their systematics and biology. Accompanying the material of the new gyrodactylid monogenean there is a specimen which is thought to be a giant of the new form, and this appears to be the first recorded suggestion of the occurrence of gigantism in the Monogenea, and in fact in any kind of helminth. 相似文献
12.
Different Brachyspira (B.) species colonize the porcine intestinal tract, some of which are pathogens of significant clinical and economic importance. In 2002 we published a novel molecular method for differentiation of Brachyspira species from pigs based on the amplification of the nox-gene and the generation of species-specific restriction patterns (nox-RFLP) using the enzymes BfmI and DpnII (Rohde et al., 2002). We applied this method for identification in addition to biochemical testing in doubtful cases until 2008. Since 2009 we have used it as the first line method of identification. The current study documents the results of examining 2050 Brachyspira isolates collected from January 2009 to December 2011. In addition to identifying isolates with previously described patterns, four novel restriction fragment length patterns were observed, and isolates with these patterns could be assigned to the species B. intermedia and the B. innocens/murdochii complex on the basis of their phenotypic properties and by nox-sequence analysis. In 2007 a potentially new Brachyspira species, "B. suanatina", was described in Swedish pigs (R?sb?ck et al., 2007). From the published nox-gene sequence it could be expected that this Brachypira species should show a new restriction pattern making nox-RFLP a suitable technique for identification of "B. suanatina". In this study the new restriction fragment length pattern could be demonstrated in one of the strains described by R?sb?ck et al. (AN4859/03). Nevertheless, no isolates with this new pattern corresponding to "B. suanatina" were identified amongst the 2050 Brachyspira isolates examined from northern Germany. 相似文献
13.
Intestinal helminths are reported from four species of scincid lizards from southern Africa: Mabuya occidentalis, Mabuya spilogaster, Mabuya striata and Mabuya variegata. The helminth fauna consisted of one species of Cestoda, Oochoristica truncata and five species of Nematoda, Abbreviata paradoxa, Maxvachonia dimorpha, Parapharyngodon rotundatus, Spauligodon petersi and Thubunaea fitzsimonsi. All findings represent new host records. Ascarid larvae were also found. It appears that Mabuya is infected by generalist helminths that occur in other species of African lizards. 相似文献
14.
Hughes MS Ball NW McCarroll J Erskine M Taylor MJ Pollock JM Skuce RA Neill SD 《Veterinary microbiology》2005,108(1-2):101-112
Mycobacteria other than the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MOTT), isolated from Northern Ireland cattle, were identified by PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene, and subsequent reverse cross blot hybridisation and sequence analyses. Elucidation of the MOTT species was to facilitate specificity testing of new and existing diagnostic test reagents for bovine tuberculosis. The presence of the genes for potential diagnostic antigens: MPB70, MPB64, ESAT-6 and CFP-10 in the isolated MOTT species was investigated. Molecular analyses of cultured isolates from bovine lymph node specimens of 48 cattle identified a wide variety of mycobacterial species including Mycobacterium nonchromogenicum, Mycobacterium malmoense, Mycobacterium bohemicum, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium holsaticum, Mycobacterium palustre, Mycobacterium sp. IWGMT 90210, Mycobacterium sp. LIV-2129, a potentially novel mycobacterial species (EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ Accession Number AJ617495) and Rhodococcus equi. Apart from M. kansasii, the results of traditional (standard phenotypic and biochemical) and molecular identification methods did not correlate well, with traditional methods identifying fewer species. Most of the species identified were either recognised pathogenic or potential pathogenic species. The genes for ESAT-6, CFP-10 and, unusually, MPB64 were detected in M. kansasii only. The MPB70 gene was not detected in any of the species. This study supported restricted species distribution of these genes as well as identifying a different range of MOTT species that could be included in specificity testing of new diagnostic reagents for bovine tuberculosis. 相似文献
15.
Lemurs are a diverse group of primates comprised of five families, all of which are found only on Madagascar and the Comoro Islands. Of the 60 known species, 17 are endangered and 5 of these are considered critically endangered. The effects of inbreeding on population health and viability have been well described; though negative inbreeding effects can be ameliorated through the introduction of new genetic material. Introduction of new individuals into a population can be extremely challenging because of the highly social nature of lemurs. Semen collection in lemur species is notoriously challenging, as the ejaculate forms a coagulum. During normal breeding, the coagulum forms a copulatory plug in the female. However, this coagulum can present a life-threatening situation when retained in the urethra abnormally following electroejaculation. This study investigates the use of ascorbic acid in preventing urethral blockage in two lemur species during semen collection, demonstrates successful collection of semen by electroejaculation from two species of lemur during the breeding season, and discusses removal of urethral plugs subsequent to semen collection. Semen was collected successfully from all animals. Urethral plugs formed during each collection and were abnormally retained in 2/11 collections. Both plugs were successfully and immediately removed with the use of retropulsion through a urethral catheter. Although the results of this study are encouraging, more investigation is required to establish whether or not this procedure can be safely performed in the field. 相似文献
16.
I G Horak 《The Onderstepoort journal of veterinary research》1978,45(4):221-228
Two to four impala in the Nylsvley Nature Reserve were culled each month from February 1975-February 1976. Two trematode species, 1 cestode species and 13 species of nematodes were recovered from these antelope. Of these, Fasciola gigantica, Gongylonema pulchrum, Haemonchus placei and Trichostrongylus falculatus are new records for impala. In general, H. placei, Longistrongylus sabie and Impalaia tuberculata exhibited a similar pattern of seasonal occurrence. Adult worms were present during November-February, while marked inhibition in the development of large numbers of 4th stage larvae occurred from April-September or October. Cooperia hungi, Cooperioides hamiltoni and Cooperloides hepaticae followed a similar pattern, but inhibition in the 4th larval stage was not as marked and lasted from June-September. No seasonal pattern of prevalence could be determined for Trichostrongylus spp. The worm burdens of young impala increased with the age of the animals and reached a peak when the impala were 1 year old. 相似文献
17.
甘肃省昆虫病原线虫区系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为查明甘肃省昆虫病原线虫的种类及区系分布,通过大蜡螟诱捕法对甘肃省昆虫病原线虫资源进行了调查,分离得到昆虫病原线虫种群51个,分属于8个种：斯氏线虫属（Steinernema）5种,异小杆线虫属（Heterorhabditis）3种。其中斯氏属3个种A,B,C和异小杆1个种D属于国内新记录种。调查表明：甘肃省昆虫病原线虫的优势种为Steinernema feltiae,昆虫病原线虫的分布与土壤类型及植被类型关系密切,沙壤土和壤土中线虫检出率分别为12.2%和8.8%,较粘土5.3%的检出率高,且在果园、菜地和大田中的线虫检出率分别为10.4%,9.2%和5.2%,较未耕地3.3%的检出率高,说明沙壤土和壤土适于昆虫病原线虫的种群建立,且在有农事活动的地块中昆虫病原线虫分布较多。 相似文献
18.
PJ BLACKALL Ø ANGEN N FEGAN LL BLACKALL R MUTTERS M BISGAARD 《Australian veterinary journal》2001,79(9):634-639
OBJECTIVE: To characterise eight isolates of a Gram-negative organism obtained from the upper respiratory tract of cattle showing evidence of mild upper respiratory tract disease. DESIGN: The isolates were compared with the five recognised species within the genus Mannheimia - M haemolytica, M glucosida, M granulomatis, M ruminalis and M varigena--using a range of phenotypic and genotypic methods. RESULTS: Phenotypic characterisation indicated that the isolates belonged to the trehalose-negative [Pasteurella] haemolytica complex. This complex has recently been reorganised into five species within the new genus Mannheimia. Ribotyping performed using HindIII and a computerised analysis system indicated that the eight Australian isolates formed a distinct cluster that was related to, but different from, the five recognised species of Mannheimia. The 16S rRNA sequence of one isolate (BNO311) was determined and a phylogenetic analysis performed. Isolate BNO311 was distinct from the five named Mannheimia spp but did join a larger cluster consisting of rRNA cluster IV (M varigena) and the unnamed rRNA cluster V of Mannheimia. DNA:DNA hybridisation between isolate BNO311 and M haemolytica NCTC 9380T, M granulomatis P411 and Actinobacillus ligniersii NCTC 4189T all suggested similarities of approximately 30%. CONCLUSIONS: These phenotypic and genotypic characterisation studies suggest that the eight Australian isolates represent a new species of Mannheimia. Until further characterisation studies are performed, we are unwilling to propose a name for this taxon, preferring to refer to this possible new species as Bisgaard taxon 39 of cluster V of Mannheimia. 相似文献
19.