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[目的]通过研究毛竹TIPs的分子特征和表达模式,为揭示逆境胁迫条件下TIPs在竹子中的作用提供证据,为培育抗逆的植物新品种提供新的基因资源。[方法]以毛竹为对象,利用生物信息学方法对毛竹基因组中的TIPs基因进行了全面分析,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析基因在不同组织及干旱、水淹和Na Cl胁迫下的表达模式。[结果]毛竹基因组中含有6个TIPs同源基因,分别隶属于3个亚类(TIP1、TIP2和TIP4)。基因结构预测显示,Pe TIP1;1、Pe TIP1;2、Pe TIP2;2和Pe TIP4;2由2个外显子和1个内含子组成,而Pe TIP2;1和Pe TIP4;1由3个外显子和2个内含子组成。蛋白结构分析显示,毛竹6个TIPs均具有2个典型的NPA结构域和4个ar/R模体。通过转录组数据分析基因的组织表达特异性,结果表明Pe TIP1;1在各组织中的表达丰度均较高;Pe TIP1;2主要在花中表达;Pe TIP2;1在根和鞭中表达量较高;Pe TIP2;2在根中特异表达;Pe TIP4;1在叶片中表达丰度最高;Pe TIP4;2在笋和鞭中表达水平较高,在根中最低。实时定量PCR结果分析证明,干旱处理后毛竹根中Pe TIP4;1的表达量显著升高(p0.01),Pe TIP2;1、Pe TIP2;2和Pe TIP4;2表达受到抑制(p0.01);水淹处理后根中Pe TIP1;1和Pe TIP4;1表达量显著增加(p0.01),Pe TIP1;2、Pe TIP2;2、和Pe TIP4;2则显著降低(p0.01);Na Cl处理后根中6个Pe TIPs的表达量均显著增加(p0.01)。干旱处理后毛竹叶片中Pe TIP1;1、Pe TIP1;2和Pe TIP4;1表达量均显著增加(p0.01);水淹处理后叶片中Pe TIPs表达量均显著提高(p0.01);Na Cl处理后叶片中Pe TIP2;1表达受到明显抑制(p0.01)。[结论]Pe TIPs可能在毛竹抵抗干旱、水淹和Na Cl等非生物胁迫中发挥着不同程度的作用。 相似文献
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松材线虫病是由松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)侵染引起的严重病害,引起重大的经济和生态损失。钙调素(CaM)是真核生物中Ca2+主要传导蛋白,本研究采用RT-PCR方法,首次从马尾松中克隆获得CaM,命名为pmCaM,并检测了其响应松材线虫侵染的表达特征。序列分析表明:pmCaM完整的开放阅读框核苷酸序列为450bp,编码149个氨基酸的蛋白质;该蛋白含有4个EF-hand结构域,具有钙调素的典型特征,与其它植物的CaM蛋白均有较高同源性。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示:接种松材线虫后30 180 min时间段,马尾松苗根、茎、叶器官中的pmCaM均下调表达,但不同器官间显著下调表达的时间点存在差异;同时,不同器官pmCaM表达量变化均存在特异的随时间发展的波动特征,其中发现,根茎pmCaM在松材线虫接种45 min时均处于表达量高峰。本研究结果显示pmCaM表达响应了松材线虫侵染,揭示pmCaM可能参与了调控松材线虫-马尾松互作早期的钙信号响应。 相似文献
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根据植物肌动蛋白(Actin)基因编码区的保守序列设计引物,以山茶属植物荔波连蕊茶幼嫩茎段为材料,提取总RNA,进行RT-PCR。采用RACE技术扩增获得1 631 bp的Actin基因全长cDNA序列,命名为ClActin1(GenBank登录号KF366912)。序列分析表明,ClActin1开放阅读框(ORF)为1 134 bp,编码377个氨基酸,5’非编码区90 bp,3’非编码区407 bp。预测的ClActin1蛋白分子量为41.69 kD,理论等电点为5.31,具有Actin超基因家族的保守结构域和肌动蛋白家族特有的特征信号序列。ClActin1与GenBank中收录的其它植物肌动蛋白核苷酸序列的相似性在82%以上,氨基酸序列的相似性在97%以上。与其它植物肌动蛋白比较并构建系统进化树,结果显示山茶肌动蛋白与茶树和杨树的肌动蛋白的亲缘关系最为密切。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,该基因在荔波边蕊茶不同组织器官及不同发育时期的表达量稳定,表明ClActin1基因可作为内参基因。 相似文献
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GAPDH is a typical structural protein in eukaryote organism, which plays an important role involved in the biosynthesis of cell composition and the expression of genetic information. In order to reveal the biological function of GAPDH in the growth and development of Eucalyptus, 3 genes were obtained and named as EC-GAP1, EC-GAP2 and EC-GAP3 by amplification with primers for GAPDH genes conserved regions and RACE method from the young leaf of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The bioinformatics analysis suggested that the proteins encoded by corresponding genes owned the typical conserved domains of GAPDH and showed high homology with those of other plant species. 相似文献
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运用qRT-PCR技术,检测日本落叶松种子萌发过程中的5个阶段——干种子 (萌发培养0 d)、吸胀(1 d)、萌动(5 d)、胚根外露(9 d)和子叶展开(28 d),miR156、miR159和miR160等18个miRNAs在其种胚内的表达模式,并对其目标基因进行生物信息学分析,探讨miRNA在针叶林木种子萌发过程中的基因表达模式。结果表明:(1)从整个萌发过程分析,18个miRNAs的表达水平皆以干种子阶段最高,吸胀和萌动阶段迅速下降;干种子阶段的表达水平分别是吸胀、萌动、胚根外露和子叶展开阶段的4.8 43.5、17.2 1 000.0、45.5 1 000.0、62.5 1 862.2倍。(2)从各个阶段分析,miR894的表达水平在5个阶段均最高,miR408均最低;其余16个miRNAs在5个阶段内的表达水平各有变化,综合排序结果从高到低依次为:miR951、miR950、miR156、miR159、miR396、miR398、miR390、miR160、miR947、miR165、miR319、miR162、miR171、miR397、miR395和miR172。(3)miRNA目标基因预测结果显示:目标基因主要是ATP/DNA结合蛋白、ARF等转录因子、质膜和核糖体等细胞组分及MAP等激酶活性蛋白等蛋白编码基因。(4)miR160对其目标基因JR160237 具有切割作用,切割位点发生在miR160与目标基因互补结合位点第10与11位碱基之间。JR160237在种子吸胀阶段表达水平迅速升高,在萌动、胚根外露和成苗阶段有所回落。 相似文献
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This study examined the analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of cis-mulberroside A isolated from Ramulus mori in several models of inflammatory pain in mice. Cis-mulberroside A (25 and 50 mg/kg) given by p.o. route 30 min before challenge produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the acetic acid-induced pain and Evans blue leakage in mice. In addition, this compound exhibited significant systemic anti-inflammatory activity in carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema in a concentration-related manner (33.1–68.5% inhibition), and similar results were achieved in formalin test. Suppressive effects of cis-mulberroside A on the production of NO and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages were also assessed. Collectively, cis-mulberroside A showed high analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The above results will be the supporting evidence for the potential anti-rheumatoid activity of R.mori in Chinese traditional medicine. 相似文献
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In this study, the stand level root respiration was estimated for two monoculture plantations: Acacia crassicarpa and Eucalyptus urophylla, based on in situ measurement of specific root respiration using simplified root chamber method. The respiration rates of fine roots (<5 mm) were significantly higher than those of coarse roots (>5 mm) for both A. crassicarpa and E. urophylla species. The root respiration of A. crassicarpa showed a clear seasonal pattern with a higher value in the wet season. For E. urophylla, the seasonal pattern was observed for fine roots but not for coarse roots. After determining the biomass of fine roots and coarse roots and their specific rates of respiration at different time points, root respiration at the stand level (Ra) was estimated using a direct up-scaling model. We found that the Ra accounted for 14% and 19% of total soil respiration (Rs) for A. crassicarpa and E. urophylla, respectively. The fine (RTf) and coarse (RTc) root respiration at the stand level accounted for about 47% and 53% of the Ra for A. crassicarpa, and accounted for 58% and 42% for E. urophylla. This suggests that coarse root respiration cannot be ignored when estimating the root respiration at the stand level. Our results showed that the Q10 values were more accurate in representing the temperature dependence when the confounding effect of soil moisture was considered. This study introduces an alternative approach to estimate stand level root respiration, but its reliability is largely dependent on the accuracy of root biomass quantification. 相似文献
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Fei Li Yanan Yang Panpan Zhu Weina Chen Dongli Qi Xiupu Shi Chunfeng Zhang Zhonglin Yang Ping Li 《Fitoterapia》2012
Echinacoside (ECH), isolated from Cistanche tubulosa (Schrenk) R. Wight stems, was subjected to in vitro experiments to investigate its bioactivities on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1. MTT assay, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were determined, and the secretion of collagen I (COL I), osteocalcin (OCN), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were also assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that ECH caused a significant increase in cell proliferation, ALP activity, COL I contents, OCN levels and an enhancement of mineralization in osteoblasts at the concentration range from 0.01 to 10 nmol·L− 1 (p < 0.05), suggesting that ECH has a stimulatory effect on osteoblastic bone formation or has potential activity against osteoporosis. In addition, the ratio of OPG/RANKL also could be enhanced by ECH. These findings provide the potent evidence that ECH can promote bone regeneration in cultured osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, which might be done by elevating the OPG/RANKL ratio, and potential evidence for echinacoside to be a promising drug or a lead compound in the development of disease-modifying drug to prevent osteoporosis. 相似文献
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J.-P. Laclau J.-P. Bouillet J.L.M. Gonçalves E.V. Silva C. Jourdan M.C.S. Cunha M.R. Moreira L. Saint-André V. Maquère Y. Nouvellon J. Ranger 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008
Nitrogen fertilizer inputs increased sharply over the last decade in Brazilian eucalypt plantations. Due to the economic and potential environmental cost of fertilizers, mixed plantations with N-fixing species might be an attractive option to improve the long-term soil N status. A randomized block design was set up in southern Brazil, including a replacement series and an additive series design, as well as a nitrogen fertilization treatment. The development of mono-specific stands of Eucalyptus grandis (0A:100E) and Acacia mangium (100A:0E) was compared with mixed plantations in proportions of 1:1 (50A:50E), and other stands with different densities of acacia for the same density of eucalypts. The objective was to assess the effect of inter-specific interactions on the early development of the two species. Aboveground biomass was measured 6, 12, 18 and 30 months after planting, sampling 6–10 trees of each species per treatment at each age, and allometric equations were established in 0A:100E, 100A:0E, 50A:50E and 50A:100E. The height and basal area of E. grandis seedlings were enhanced by 12% and 30%, respectively by N fertilization at age 1 year. Inter-specific competition led to a stratified canopy, with suppression in acacia growth earlier for basal area than for height. The mean number of stems per acacia tree at 36 months after planting was significantly higher in pure stands (3.7), than in 50A:50E (2.7) and in the additive series (between 1.6 and 1.8). H/D ratios were highly sensitive to inter-tree competition for the two species. The suppressed acacia understorey in mixed-species stands did not influence biomass production and partitioning within eucalypts. This pattern led to biomass accumulation combining the two species in 50A:100E that was about 10% higher than in 0A:100E, from age 12 months onwards. Aboveground net primary production (ANPP) amounted to 25 Mg ha−1 and 37 Mg ha−1 from age 18 to 30 months in 100A:0E and 0A:100E, respectively. Acacia ANPP in 50A:100E amounted to 2 Mg ha−1 over the same period, as a result of substantial inter-specific competition. An increment in biomass production in these very fast-growing eucalypt plantations was achieved introducing acacia as an understorey and not in the 50A:50E design, as observed in other studies. 相似文献
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Xin Chen Jincai Lu Wenfei He Haidong Chi Koichi Yamashita Masanobu Manabe Hiroyuki Kodama 《Fitoterapia》2009
Four triterpenoid compounds hederacolchiside E (1), hederasaponin B (2), raddeanoside 20 (3) and raddeanoside 21 (4) were isolated from ethanol extracts of rhizome of Anemone raddeana Regel. The effects of these triterpenoids on superoxide generation, tyrosyl phosphorylation of proteins and translocation of cytosolic compounds, such as p47phox, p67phox and Rac to the cell membrane in human neutrophils was investigated. The superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was slightly suppressed by hederasaponin B, raddeanoside 20 and raddeanoside 21 in a concentration dependent manner. The superoxide generation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) was suppressed by hederasaponin B and raddeanoside 21 significantly. fMLP- and AA-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of the cytosolic proteins: p47phox, p67phox, and Rac to the cell membrane were suppressed in parallel with the suppression of stimulus-induced superoxide generation. 相似文献
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Emile S. Gardiner Magnus Löf Joseph J. O’Brien John A. Stanturf Palle Madsen 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009
Efforts in Europe to convert Norway spruce (Picea abies) plantations to broadleaf or mixed broadleaf-conifer forests could be bolstered by an increased understanding of how artificial regeneration acclimates and functions under a range of Norway spruce stand conditions. We studied foliage characteristics and leaf-level photosynthesis on 7-year-old European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) regeneration established in open patches and shelterwoods of a partially harvested Norway spruce plantation in southwestern Sweden. Both species exhibited morphological plasticity at the leaf level by developing leaf blades in patches with an average mass per unit area (LMA) 54% greater than of those in shelterwoods, and at the plant level by maintaining a leaf area ratio (LAR) in shelterwoods that was 78% greater than in patches. However, we observed interspecific differences in photosynthetic capacity relative to spruce canopy openness. Photosynthetic capacity (A1600, net photosynthesis at a photosynthetic photon flux density of 1600 μmol photons m−2 s−1) of beech in respect to the canopy gradient was best related to leaf mass, and declined substantially with increasing canopy openness primarily because leaf nitrogen (N) in this species decreased about 0.9 mg g−1 with each 10% rise in canopy openness. In contrast, A1600 of oak showed a weak response to mass-based N, and furthermore the percentage of N remained constant in oak leaf tissues across the canopy gradient. Therefore, oak photosynthetic capacity along the canopy gradient was best related to leaf area, and increased as the spruce canopy thinned primarily because LMA rose 8.6 g m−2 for each 10% increase in canopy openness. These findings support the premise that spruce stand structure regulates photosynthetic capacity of beech through processes that determine N status of this species; leaf N (mass basis) was greatest under relatively closed spruce canopies where leaves apparently acclimate by enhancing light harvesting mechanisms. Spruce stand structure regulates photosynthetic capacity of oak through processes that control LMA; LMA was greatest under open spruce canopies of high light availability where leaves apparently acclimate by enhancing CO2 fixation mechanisms. 相似文献
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枯萎病是油桐毁灭性病害。中国广泛种植的油桐有三年桐和千年桐,三年桐易感枯萎病,千年桐抗枯萎病。为探讨三年桐与千年桐在枯萎病应答过程中的差异,在对油桐枯萎病灾区调研的基础上,进行枯萎病病原菌的分离、鉴定,并进一步探讨三年桐、千年桐接种枯萎病病原菌后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。结果表明:油桐枯萎病病原菌为尖孢镰刀菌,接种试验显示千年桐在接种尖孢镰刀菌后SOD、POD、CAT较三年桐均呈现较高活性,在接种后SOD、POD活性先升高后降低,CAT活性升高并维持高活性,MDA含量变化不明显;三年桐SOD活性和MDA含量均先升高后降低,POD活性先降低再升高,CAT活性先降低后升高又降低。千年桐作为抗病种,其抗病性可能与其本身具有较高的SOD、POD、CAT活性有关,并且和病原菌感染后酶活上升有关;三年桐为易感病种,接种后SOD、POD、CAT活性有变化,但仍不能抵御病原菌的危害。 相似文献
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Gerlânia de O. Leite Antonia Rosângela da Penha Cícera N. Fernandes Heloísa Helena F. Souza José Galberto M. da Costa Adriana R. Campos 《Fitoterapia》2009
This study was aimed to clarify the mechanism of gastroprotection by Vanillosmopsis arborea Baker essential oil (EOVA) using ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice. Gastric lesions were significantly reduced by EOVA (200 and 400 mg/kg). Chemical analysis showed that the major compound of EOVA was α-bisabolol. Pretreatment of mice with yohimbine, the α2-antagonist, greatly suppressed the gastroprotective effect of OEVA. Furthermore, OEVA gastroprotection was not attenuated in mice pretreated with indomethacin, L-NAME or glibenclamide, the respective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase, nitric oxide synthase and K+ATP channel activation. These data suggest that OEVA affords gastroprotection most possibly by α2-receptor activation. 相似文献
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[目的]利用分子生物学技术探讨杜鹃红山茶CaAPX基因的表达模式及在模式植物烟草中所起的抗寒、耐热作用,为今后山茶花抗逆育种奠定基础。[方法]根据山茶花同源序列设计特异性引物,利用同源克隆和3’,5’-RACE技术,从杜鹃红山茶嫩叶组织中克隆出抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX),命名为CaAPX,基因全长1 097 bp,开放阅读框753 bp,编码250个氨基酸。实时荧光定量PCR对杜鹃红山茶7种组织和温度胁迫下该基因的表达模式进行分析。[结果]表明:CaAPX基因在杜鹃红山茶7种组织中均得到表达,但表达水平不一,表达量由高到低依次为:未成熟果实嫩叶花苞叶芽种胚花瓣花芽,其中,未成熟果实中的表达量是其它组织的2.6811.44倍;温度胁迫处理8 h后该基因呈上调表达,CaAPX基因表达量分别是0 h的3.49和2.67倍。CaAPX基因转化烟草分析表明,过量表达CaAPX基因后,APX活性提高了2.58 4.09倍,抗坏血酸(As A)含量提高了2.673.56倍,并且转基因烟草植株的抗寒、耐热能力也获得提高。[结论]通过过量表达CaAPX基因能够提高烟草植株的抗寒、耐热性,为山茶花抗逆育种提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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利用RACE技术从银杏中克隆到过氧化氢酶基因(GbCAT1)的cDNA全长。进化树分析结果表明:GbCAT1和其他物种的CAT源自于相同的祖先。Southern杂交显示:GbCAT1属于1个小的多基因家族。实时定量RT-PCR分析表明:GbCAT1在银杏的根、茎、叶和果中都有表达,在叶中的相对表达量最高,其次为果、茎和根。GbCAT1的转录受到ABA、渗透压、紫外、低温和高温胁迫的诱导。水杨酸处理下,GbCAT1相对表达量迅速降低。CAT1基因在逆境条件下的相对表达变化与环境胁迫有关。 相似文献
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采用RT-PCR和RACE技术,从毛竹中克隆了C4H基因cDNA全长序列。该基因包含1 506 bp开放读码框,编码502个氨基酸。与NCBI核酸和蛋白数据库中序列进行比对, 结果表明该基因与单子叶植物高粱、水稻和玉米中的C4H基因同源性较高,分别达到88%、88%和87%。经过荧光定量PCR分析,该基因在毛竹不同发育时期和不同组织中表达丰度不同,在冬笋中表达量最高,其次为春笋顶部、中部、叶、3年生茎、根、叶鞘、2年生茎、春笋、1年生茎,而在春笋基部中表达最低。在笋顶部、中部的高水平表达表明本文克隆的C4H基因与发育时期维管组织的细胞壁加厚相关,可以作为调控木质素合成的目标基因用于竹子基因工程改良。 相似文献
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生物钟节律基因CCA1在植物的光周期反应中起着重要的调控作用.利用RT-PCR方法克隆获得了一条包含1902 bp开放阅读框的杨树CCA1基因cDNA序列,其编码633个氨基酸残基,蛋白的分子量约为68.90 kDa,等电点为6.33.分析显示含有1个Myb-like DNA结合域及2个蛋白跨膜结合域.实时荧光定量PCR分析发现,PtCCA1基因主要在杨树叶组织中表达;随着光照时间的变化,该基因在杨树中的表达量呈现白昼不断降低而夜晚逐渐升高的昼夜变化趋势.研究结果为进一步探索PtCCA1基因在调控杨树光周期响应途径中的功能以及杨树光周期敏感机制提供了科学基础. 相似文献