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1.
以盆栽法研究了Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｎｔｈｅｎａ ｍｏｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍ Ｔｚｖｅｌ,Ｓａｂｉｎａ ｐｒｏｃｕｍｂｅｎｓ,ｏｓａ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｊａｃｑ等１０种植物对土壤Ｃｄ的吸收及其生物净化效应,试验结果表明：在每千克土壤（风干重）含Ｃｄ３０ｍｇ的处理条件下,短期内未发现植物生长明显受影响现象。在土壤－植物系统中,经过５０ｄ的植物吸收,土壤中的Ｃｄ下降幅度最小值为０．３５４２ｍｇ／Ｌ,最大值为６．３７  相似文献   

2.
报道３个中国新记录种：寄生在豆科Ｌｅｕｍｉｎｏｓａｅ植物上的葛尾孢Ｃｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａ ａｕｓｔｒｉｎａｅ Ｃｈｕｐｐ＆Ｖｉｅｇａｓ和决明尾孢Ｃｅｒｏｓｐｏｒａ ｃａｓｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ Ｃｈｕｐｐ及寄生牛儿苗科Ｇｅｒａｎｉａｃｅａｅ植物上的老鹳草色链隔孢Ｐｈａｅｏｒａｍｕｌａｒｉａ ｇｅｒａｎｉｉ（Ｗ．Ｂ．Ｃｏｏｋｅ＆ｃ．ｇ．ｓｈａｗ）Ｕ．Ｂｒａｕｎ。文中为３个种提供了形态描述。研究的标本保藏在中  相似文献   

3.
利用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ５．０在Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９８环境下给出了交互式计算机辅助夹具设计的总体结构,设计方法,系统组成,为夹具科学化生产提供了依据。  相似文献   

4.
Ｔｏｍａｔｏｍｏｓａｉｃｖｉｒｕｓ（ＴｏＭＶ）ｉｓａｓｐｅｃｉｅｓｏｆＴｏｂａｍｏｖｉｒｕｓ．Ｉｔｗａｓｆｉｒｓｔｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｉｎ１９０９ｉｎＡｍｅｒｉｃａ．ＴｏＭＶｐａｒｔｉｃｌｅｓａｒｅｓｔｒａｉｇｈｔｔｕｂｕｌｅｓ,ａｂｏｕｔ１８ｎｍｉｎｄ...  相似文献   

5.
河北省马铃薯真菌性病害种类及4种新记录   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  
１９９１～１９９３年，以河北省围场县为主要研究基地，辅以张家口、保定、邯郸等地，进行了马铃薯病害调查和病原菌鉴定，共确定真菌性病害１１种：晚疫病（Ｐｈｙｔｏｐｈｔｈｏｒａｉｎｆｅｓｔａｎｓ）、早疫病（Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａｓｏｌａｎｉ）、黄萎病（Ｖｅｒｔｉｃｉｌｌｕｍｄａｈｌｉａｅ，ｖ，ａｌｂｏ－ａｔｒｕｍ）、枯萎病（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ，Ｆ．ａｖｅｃｎａｃｅｕｍ）、干腐病（Ｆ．ｓｏｌａｎｉ．ｖａｒ．ｃｏｅｒｌｅｕｍｍ）、黑痣病（Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉ）、炭疽病（Ｃｏｌｌｅｔｏｔｒｉｃｈｕｍｃｏｃｃｏｄｅｓ）、灰霉病（Ｂｏｔｒｙｔｉｓｃｉｎｅｒｅａ）、叶斑病（Ｃｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｃｏｎｃｏｒｓ）、茎点坏死病（Ｐｈｏｍａｇｌｏｍｅｒｅｔａ，Ｐ．ｍｅｄｉｃａｇｉｎｉｓ）、红周刺座霉干腐病（Ｖｏｌｕｔｅｌｌａｃｉｌｉａｔｔａ）。其中后４种病害为省内新记录，茎点环死病和红周刺座霉干腐病为国内首次报道。  相似文献   

6.
嘉赐木族ＣａｓｅａｒｉｅａｅＢｅｎｔｈＢｅｎｔｈ．，Ｊｏｕｒｎ．Ｐｒｏｃ．Ｌｉｎｎ．Ｓｏｃ．Ｂｏｔ．５（Ｓｕｐｐ１．２）：８７，１８６１蒴果；花周位，两性花，稀单性花，无花瓣。模式：ＣａｓｅａｒｉａＪａｃｑ．３．６．１嘉赐木族 Casearieae Benth...  相似文献   

7.
本文就山萸肉澄清汁Ｖｃ含量随加工条件变化的规律进行了研究,结果表明;适当的预处理可使Ｖｃ的浸出率由４０．９％提高到７０．２％;最适酶解条件下Ｖｃ浸出率达８６．９％;冷冻及酶法澄清时Ｖｃ保存率较高,分别达８３．３％和８４．４％;适宜杀菌条件下Ｖｃ保存率可达９３．６％～９６．５％。  相似文献   

8.
从云南省弥勒县采集典型病株接种蔓陀萝，植斑分离，经免疫电镜（ＩＥＭ）鉴定为ＴＭＶ（Ｔｏｂａｃｃｏ ｍｏｓａｉｃ ｖｉｒｕｓ），在红花大金元品种中以ＴＭＶ普通株作对照进行致病力测定，确定为强毒株系。以烟草花叶病毒ＲＮＡ云南强毒株系为模板。根据国内外研究结果自行设计、合成寡核苷酸引物，通过ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ体外扩增，Ｅ．ｃｏｌｉ菌株ＤＨ５ａ克隆，获得了云南烟草５４ＫＤ（ＴＭＶ复制酶）全基因片段，顺序分析表明  相似文献   

9.
在实验室常温条件下，将月季（ＲｏｓａＣｈｉｎｅｓｅｓｊａｃｑ．）鲜切花品种“萨蒙莎”置于２％蔗糖和不同浓度ＣｏＣｌ２溶液进行瓶插培养．在有蔗糖提供营养的基础上，Ｃｏ２＋可以延缓细胞膜差别透性的降低，抑制月季茎切口端和培养液微生物特别是真菌的生长，并能维持茎中央薄壁细胞和花瓣表面乳突状细胞的完整性，减少“弯颈”现象的发生．  相似文献   

10.
安宁八街薪炭林树种营造技术的定量选择研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
１９９２年７月按裂区试验要求和修改后的造林设计布置了整地方式与树种选择、密度与树种选择两个田间试验，主要供试树种为：圣诞树（ＡｃａｃｉａｄｅａｌｂａｔａＬｉｎｋ），黑荆（ＡｃａｃｉａｍｅａｒｎｓｉｉＷｉｌｌｄ．），直干桉（ＥｕｃａｌｙｐｔｕｓｍａｉｄｅｎｉＦ，Ｖ，Ｍ，），蓝桉（ＥｕｃａｌｙｐｔｕｓｇｌｏｂｔｉｌｕｓＬａｂｉｌｌ．），洋槐（ＲｏｂｉｎｉａｐｓｅｕｄｏａｃａｃｉａＬ，），山樱桃（Ｃｅｒａｓｕｓｃｏｎｒａｄｉｎａｅ（Ｋｏｃｈｎｅ）ＹｕｅｔＬｉ），桤木（ＡｌｎｕｓｃｒｅｎａｓｔｏｇｙｎｅＢｕｒｋ．），藏柏（ＣｕｐｒｅｓｓｕｓｔｏｒｕｌｏｓａＤ。Ｄｏｎ），麻栎（ＱｕｅｒｃｕｓａｃｕｔｉｓｓｉｍａＣａｒｒｕｔｈ．），毛叶山合欢（Ａｌｂｉｚｉａｍｏｌｌｉｓ（Ｗａｌｌ．）Ｂｏｉｖ．）等１０种，加上其它供试的树种共计２５种。经选择，圣诞树、黑荆、桤木、直干桉、蓝桉为入选树种，用入选树种结合选择出来的造林技术，最后找出入选树种的最佳造林技术。通过对１０个供试树种的检验，并用这种方法和标准核对了在八街等地相似立地条件下生长的相应树种，符合实际，可操作。  相似文献   

11.
不同农业种植模式土壤-作物系统中Zn的分配与迁移   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
为了解不同农业种植模式土壤-作物系统中Zn的含量与变化,研究了岷江下游丘陵区3种典型农业种植模式(M1:玉米+红薯-小白菜+菠菜,M2:玉米+生姜-茎用芥菜,M3:水稻)土壤和作物中Zn的分配和迁移特征。结果发现,土壤全量Zn含量变化在M1、M2中表现为显著下降后又显著上升的特征,M3中为显著下降。作物食用器官Zn含量特征为蔬菜作物(小白菜、菠菜、茎用芥菜)>根类作物(红薯、生姜)>谷物类作物(玉米、水稻)。除小白菜外,作物非食用器官中Zn含量均显著大于食用器官。  相似文献   

12.
采用单株追踪的方法,评价了来自不同供体的3个甘蔗组培亚无性系群体的遗传变异.在单株世代观察到植物学特征、生物学特性的变异和数量性状的分离;在单系世代发现某些变异具有高度重演性,某些变异性状的表达与环境有关.同时发现植物学特征和生物学特性有明显变异的10个组培单系的过氧化物酶、酯酶和细胞色素氧化酶等3个酶系的同工酶也发生了变异.认为植物组织培养是在分子或细胞水平上获得遗传变异的新途径,是改良甘蔗商业栽培品种某些不良性状的有效方案.  相似文献   

13.
果树种植土壤N2O排放研究：认识与挑战   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  
果树种植土壤因其较高的施氮量,很可能是温室气体氧化亚氮(N2O)的重要排放源。本文重点阐述了果园系统土壤N2O排放监测的复杂性,在此基础上探讨了如何形成有效的监测系统,揭示了利用现有技术测定N2O的排放规律和减排技术效果,并对今后的研究工作提出了展望。今后应重点开展以下几方面的工作:制定不同种类果树种植下土壤N2O排放监测标准;研发果树种植系统不同施肥模式、不同灌溉模式、不同土壤管理制度下土壤N2O减排技术;加强与N2O排放相关联的土壤氮素转化过程及其关联微生物机制的研究;构建果树种植系统土壤氮素平衡和N2O排放模型。  相似文献   

14.
为了研究罗非鱼养殖池塘水和表层沉积物中蓝藻(蓝细菌)的群落结构、多样性状况和影响因素,采用高通量测序技术平台对细菌16S rRNA基因进行测序,对其中的蓝藻组成进行分析。结果表明:水和表层沉积物中的蓝藻群落结构存在显著差异,但其中的优势目是相同的,为聚球藻目、Cyanobacteria_norank和色球藻目;水中的蓝藻群落结构受到月份变化的影响比较大,并且与系统中氮净输入量有关。表层沉积物中的蓝藻群落受到池塘差异的影响更大,且与系统中磷净输入量有关。试验条件下,罗非鱼对系统中蓝藻群落多样性的影响主要来自于直接或间接的营养物质输入。  相似文献   

15.
Soil water is strongly affected by land use/cover in the Loess Plateau in China. Water stored in thick loessal soils is one of the most important resources regulating vegetation growth. However, soil water in the deep loess profile, which is critical for maintaining the function of the “soil water pool” is rarely studied because deep profile soil samples are difficult to collect. In this study, four experimental plots were established in 2005 to represent different farming systems on the Changwu Tableland: fallow land, fertilized cropland, unfertilized cropland, and continuous alfalfa. The soil water content in the 15-m-deep loess profiles was monitored continuously from 2007 to 2012 with the neutron probe technique. The results showed that temporal variations in soil water profiles differed among the four farming systems. Under fallow land, the soil water content increased gradually over time, first in the surface layers and later in the deep soil layers. In contrast, the soil water content decreased gradually under continuous alfalfa. The distributions of soil water in deep soil layers under both fertilized and unfertilized cropland were relatively stable over time. Thus farming system significantly affected soil water content. Seven years after the start of the experiment, the soil water contents in the 15-m-deep profiles averaged 23.4% under fallow land, 20.3% under fertilized cropland, 21.6% under unfertilized cropland, and 16.0% under continuous alfalfa. Compared to measurements at the start of the experiment, both fallow land and unfertilized cropland increased soil water storage in the 15-m loess profiles. In contrast, continuous alfalfa reduced soil water storage. Fertilized cropland has no significant effect on soil water storage. These results suggest that deep soil water can be replenished under the fallow and unfertilized farming systems. Dry soil layers (i.e., those which have soil water content less than the stable field water capacity) in the subsoil of the Changwu Tableland region can be classified as either temporary dry soil layers or persistent dry soil layers. Temporary dry soil layers, which typically form under annual crops, often disappear during wet years. Persistent dry soil layers generally develop under perennial vegetation. Even after removing the vegetation, persistent dry soil layers remain for several decades. This study provides information useful for the conservation and utilization of soil water resources in the Loess Tableland.  相似文献   

16.
以商洛低山丘陵区核桃(Juglans regia L.) 黄芩(Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi)复合系统为研究对象，采用根钻法取样，用WinRHIZO根系分析系统对根系形态进行分析，比较核桃 黄芩复合系统与单作系统中植物根系的空间分布和形态差异。结果表明，单作条件下核桃根系在垂直方向上呈负指数型分布，主要集中在10～50cm土层，而复合系统中核桃根系主要集中在20～70 cm土层。在水平方向上，复合系统中核桃根系分布主要集中在0～150 cm。间作作物黄芩根系在垂直方向上主要分布于0～50 cm土层，水平方向上主要分布于距核桃树干100～150 cm，其对核桃根系分布具有一定的影响。  相似文献   

17.
Growing concerns for food security and the alleviation of hunger necessitate knowledge-based crop management technologies for sustainable crop production. In this study, 13 winter bread wheat genotypes (old, relatively old, modern, and breeding lines) were evaluated under three different tillage systems, i.e., conventional tillage (CT, full tillage with residue removed), reduced tillage (RT, chisel tillage with residue retained) and no-tillage (NT, no-tillage with residue retained on the soil surface) in farmer's fields under rainfed conditions using strip-plot arrangements in a randomized complete block design with three replications in the west of Iran (Kamyaran and Hosseinabad locations) over two cropping seasons (2018–2019 and 2019–2020).The main objectives were to investigate the effects of tillage systems and growing conditions on the agronomic characteristics, grain yield and stability performance of rainfed winter bread wheat genotypes.Significant (P<0.01) genotype×tillage system interaction effects on grain yield and agronomic traits suggested that the genotypes responded differently to the different tillage systems. The number of grains per spike and plant height were positively (P<0.0) associated with grain yield under the NT system, so they may be considered as targeted traits for future wheat breeding. Using statistical models, the modern cultivars (“Sadra” and “Baran”) were identified as high yielding and showed yield stability across the different tillage systems. As per each tillage system, genotype “Sadra” followed by “Zargana-6//Dari 1-7 Sabalan” exhibited higher adaption to CT; while cultivars “Jam” and “Azar2” showed better performance under the RT system; and cultivars “Varan” and “Baran” tended to have better performance expression in the NT condition.The increased grain yields achieved in combination with lower costs and greater profits from conservation agriculture suggest that adapted cultivar and NT systems should be evaluated and promoted more widely to farmers in the west of Iran as an attractive package of crop management technologies.In conclusion, variations in the performance of genotypes and the significant genotype×tillage system interaction effects on grain yield and some agronomic traits assessed in this study suggest that the development and selection of cultivars adapted to the NT system should be considered and included in the strategies and objectives of winter wheat breeding programs for the temperate and cold dryland conditions of Iran.  相似文献   

18.
采用以色列PhyTech公司生产的Phytalk植物生理生态监控系统，对克拉玛依农业综合开发区引种栽培的尖叶白蜡（Fraxinus szaboana Lingelsh．）茎杆直径变化日过程及其环境因子进行了同步监测，并对二者之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明：尖叶白蜡茎杆直径变化日过程呈现出明显的昼夜变化规律，表现为白天茎杆直径收缩，傍晚、夜间复原或膨胀；不同天气条件下，尖叶白蜡茎杆直径的变化幅度有明显差异，晴天茎杆直径的最大收缩量明显大于多云天气和阴天，多云天气茎杆直径变化幅度介于晴天和阴天之间；尖叶白蜡茎杆生长过程中，茎杆直径变化主要受空气温度、土壤湿度、饱和水汽压差、太阳总辐射和风速的影响，但在不同的天气条件下，影响因子有所差异。  相似文献   

19.
Ecological effects of climate fluctuations   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
Climate influences a variety of ecological processes. These effects operate through local weather parameters such as temperature, wind, rain, snow, and ocean currents, as well as interactions among these. In the temperate zone, local variations in weather are often coupled over large geographic areas through the transient behavior of atmospheric planetary-scale waves. These variations drive temporally and spatially averaged exchanges of heat, momentum, and water vapor that ultimately determine growth, recruitment, and migration patterns. Recently, there have been several studies of the impact of large-scale climatic forcing on ecological systems. We review how two of the best-known climate phenomena-the North Atlantic Oscillation and the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation-affect ecological patterns and processes in both marine and terrestrial systems.  相似文献   

20.
[Objective] The study aimed to provide supports for developing chilling and freezing injury monitoring and disaster damage assessment of longan(Dimocarpus Longan Lour.).[Method] Based on field observation data,the relationships between longan canopy temperature and air temperature under different weather types(sunny,cloudy to sunny,cloudy,rainy,radiation chilling injury and advection chilling injury)in 2007-2008 winter were analyzed.[Result] Diurnal variations of longan canopy temperature under sunny and radiation chilling injury weather conditions were most dramatic,followed with those under cloudy to sunny condition,while variations under cloudy,rainy and advection chilling injury conditions were mild.Diurnal variations of orchard air temperature were also closely related to weather types.By using linear and curvilinear regression methods,the relationship models between longan canopy temperature and observation station air temperature were established.The models for cloudy,rainy and advection chilling injury had better effects than those for sunny,cloudy to sunny and radiation chilling injury;the models for night were better than those for daytime and the whole day.[Conclusion] To some extent,applying the relationship models between longan canopy temperature and observation station air temperature could make up the shortcoming of meteorological data which were higher than the real values.  相似文献   

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