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1.
不同生态环境下冬小麦籽粒大小相关性状的QTL分析 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
【目的】鉴定影响籽粒大小相关性状的QTL,并估计QTL的表型效应;分析不同环境下QTL的稳定性。【方法】以冬小麦小粒地方品种和尚麦为母本,大粒育成品种豫8679为父本及其F7:8重组自交系的142个株系为试验材料,分析籽粒长度、宽度、厚度、体积及千粒重在北京（2006、2007）、合肥（2007）和成都（2007）4个不同环境下的性状表现,并利用已构建的含有170个SSR标记和2个EST标记的遗传图谱,对这5个性状进行QTL定位分析。【结果】4个环境下共检测到93个影响籽粒长度、宽度、厚度、体积及千粒重的QTL,这些QTL分布在除1D和6A之外的所有小麦染色体上。在检测到的QTL中,与籽粒长度、宽度、厚度、体积和千粒重相关的QTL分别为17、16、18、21和21个。另外,本研究还在1A、1B、2A、2D、3A、3B、5A、5B、5D、6A、6D、7B和7D染色体上共发现了18个QTL富集区。【结论】获得93个影响小麦籽粒大小相关性状的QTL,这些QTL可作为利用分子标记辅助育种途径进行小麦遗传改良的依据。 相似文献
2.
《农业科学学报》2016,(11)
Grain traits are major constraints in rice production, which are key factors in determining grain yield and market values. This study used two recombinant inbred line(RIL) populations, RIL-JJ(japonica/japonica) and RIL-IJ(indica/japonica) derived from the two crosses Shennong 265/Lijiangxintuanheigu(SN265/LTH) and Shennong 265/Luhui 99(SN265/LH99). Sixty-eight quantitative trait loci(QTLs) associated with 10 grain traits were consistently detected on the 12 chromosomes across different populations and two environments. Although 61.75% of the QTLs clustered together across two populations, only 16.17% could be detected across two populations. Eight major QTLs were detected on the 9, 10 and 12 chromosomes in RIL-JJ under two environments, a novel QTL clustered on the 10 chromosome, q GT10, q BT10 and q TGW10, have a higher percentage of explained phenotypic variation(PVE) and additive effect; 15 major QTLs were detected on the 5, 8, 9, and 11 chromosomes in RIL-IJ under two environments, a novel clustered QTL, q GT8 and q TGW8, on the 8 chromosome have a higher additive effect. Finally, the analysis of major QTL-BSA mapping narrowed the q TGW10 to a 1.47-Mb region flanked by simple sequence repeat markers RM467 and RM6368 on chromosome 10. A comparison of QTLs for grain traits in two different genetic backgrounds recombinant inbred line populations confirmed that genetic background had a significant impact on grain traits. The identified QTLs were stable across different populations and various environments, and 29.42% of QTLs controlling grain traits were reliably detected in different environments. Fewer QTLs were detected for brown rice traits than for paddy rice traits, 7 and 17 QTLs for brown rice out of 25 and 43 QTLs under RIL-JJ and RILIJ populations, respectively. The identification of genes constituting the QTLs will help to further our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying grain shape. 相似文献
3.
稻米外观品质是稻米品质的一个重要方面.是消费者选择的重要依据之一,在一定程度上影响稻米市场价格.采用一个日本优质粳稻品种越光(轮回亲本)和一个印度的籼稻品种Kasalath杂交产生的回交重组自交系(backcross recombinant inbred lines,BILs)对7个控制稻米外观品质主要性状(粒长、粒宽、粒厚、粒长宽比、垩白粒率、垩白大小和垩白度)数量性状基因位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)进行定位分析.共检测到影响7个性状的22个QTLs,分布在8条染色体上,贡献率为5.65%～29.20%.其中在第5染色体上的R2232分子标记附近区域检测到影响4个性状的QTLs;在第3染色体上C1448和第6染色体G200分子标记附近区域分别检测到同时影响3个性状的QTLs,表明了这3个染色体区域对控制稻米外观品质性状中的有着重要作用.研究检测到的QTLs及其两侧的分子标记可以用于改良稻米外观品质的分子辅助育种. 相似文献
4.
【目的】在已鉴定的稻谷粒长、粒宽和粒厚QTL的基础上,对控制粒厚的主效QTL进行精细定位和候选基因分析,以解析川106B（C-106B）细长粒形的遗传基础,为进一步通过分子技术改良其产量水平提供科学依据。【方法】以细长粒形的优质籼稻保持系川106B与籽粒较宽厚的籼稻保持系川345B（C-345B）杂交,构建包含182个单株的F2群体,采用QTL Catographer v2.5软件基于复合区间作图法发掘与稻谷粒形性状相关的QTL;进一步从BC3F2群体筛选隐性单株（稻谷厚度较薄）对粒厚主效QTL（qGT8）进行精细定位,并对候选基因进行测序和荧光定量PCR分析。分别构建qGT8位点携带川106B等位基因的近等基因系（NIL-gt8C-106B）和携带川345B等位基因的近等基因系（NIL-GT8C-345B）并调查其稻米外观品质及产量性状。【结果】川106B和川345B的粒长、粒宽和粒厚表型存在显著差异。利用F2群体检测到2个粒长QTL、3个粒宽QTL和3个粒厚QTL,其中,位于第7染色体区间RM21892-RM3589的粒长主效QTL（qGL7）可解释粒长变异的68.23%,川106B等位基因在该位点可增加粒长0.47 mm。控制稻谷粒宽和粒厚的主效QTL（qGW8和qGT8）位于第8染色体上相同区间RM6070-RM447,分别解释相应表型变异的26.48%和34.89%,增加粒宽或粒厚的等位基因均来自于川345B。利用1 732个BC3F2隐性单株,将粒厚主效位点qGT8精细定位在标记SG930和SG950间的11.2 kb区段,该区段仅包含1个注释基因LOC_os08g41940（OsSPL16）。对该基因测序分析发现,川106B和川345B在起始密码子ATG上游2 kb区段存在7个差异位点,在编码区有5个多态性位点,其中,川106B在第3外显子插入2 bp（c.1006_1007 插入CT）引起移码突变,且位于qGT8的OsmiR156结合位点,推测为川106B籽粒厚度变薄、宽度变细的关键位点。实时荧光定量PCR分析发现,qGT8在幼穗中表达量较高,且在川106B和川345B中的表达方式相似,表达量在1-8 cm长幼穗发育时期随幼穗发育逐渐增加,8 cm时达到最高,之后随幼穗发育逐渐降低,但2个亲本在各时期的表达水平存在差异。近等基因系NIL-GT8C-345B的粒厚、粒宽、千粒重、单株产量和垩白粒率显著高于NIL-gt8C-106B,而粒长、透明度、株高、单株有效穗数、穗长、每穗实粒数、结实率和播抽期与NIL-gt8C-106B相当。【结论】控制粒长的主效QTL（qGL7）位于第7染色体区间RM21892-RM3589,控制粒宽和粒厚的主效QTL位于第8染色体的相同区间RM6070-RM447。粒厚主效QTL（qGT8）被精细定位在仅包含GW8的片段上,是控制粒形和产量的关键基因,但在近等基因系中高粒重与高垩白紧密连锁,表明该位点存在高产与外观品质改良的矛盾。 相似文献
5.
[目的]构建水稻遗传连锁图谱,并对水稻粒形相关性状进行QTL分析,为水稻高效育种提供理论依据和育种材料.[方法]对具有极端粒形差异的两份水稻材料K1561和G1025进行杂交、自交获得F2分离群体,通过软件Map-maker/Exp 3.0构建水稻遗传连锁图谱,并利用软件QTLNetwork-2.0对2011年F2群体、2012年F2∶3家系群体的粒形相关性状数据进行相关性状的QTL定位.[结果]两个亲本的粒形性状指标差异明显,以千粒重相差最大;F2、F2∶3两个群体的相关粒形指标基本上呈连续分布状态且分布频率范围广.与F2单株相比,F2∶3家系的千粒重、粒长和粒宽的平均值更偏向于大粒亲本K1561.构建了含161对SSR标记的水稻遗传连锁图谱;共检测到18个粒形相关性状的QTL,分别分布于第1、2、3、7、9和12染色体上.其中,控制千粒重、粒长、粒宽和长宽比的QTL分别有7、5、5和1个,除qGL/GW12外,其他增效等位基因均来源于大粒亲本K1561.两个群体均能检测到的QTL有8个,分别为qTGW3、qTGW7、qTGW9.2、qTGW12、qG L1、qGL9、qGW12和qGL/GW12,其平均加性遗传力为6.04％、12.59％、6.29％、22.08％、4.86％、15.39％、22.12％和10.83％.[结论]定位获得3个效应值较大的新QTL位点qTGW12、qGL9和qGW12,为进一步定位并克隆这些粒形相关基因、阐明水稻产量和品质的控制机理提供了较好的遗传材料. 相似文献
6.
ZHAO Jing-lan WANG Hong-wei ZHANG Xiao-cun DU Xu-ye LI An-fei KONG Ling-rang 《农业科学学报》2015,14(10):1936-1948
Seven important grain traits, including grain length(GL), grain width(GW), grain perimeter(GP), grain area(GA), grain length/width ratio(GLW), roundness(GR), and thousand-grain weight(TGW), were analyzed using a set of 139 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers in 130 hexaploid wheat varieties and 193 Aegilops tauschii accessions worldwide. In total, 1 612 alleles in Ae. tauschii and 1 360 alleles in hexaploid wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) were detected throughout the D genome. 197 marker-trait associations in Ae. tauschii were identified with 58 different SSR loci in 3 environments, and the average phenotypic variation value(R2) ranged from 0.68 to 15.12%. In contrast, 208 marker-trait associations were identified in wheat with 66 different SSR markers in 4 environments and the average phenotypic R2 ranged from 0.90 to 19.92%. Further analysis indicated that there are 6 common SSR loci present in both Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat, which are significantly associated with the 5 investigated grain traits(i.e., GA, GP, GR, GL, and TGW) and in total, 16 alleles derived from the 6 aforementioned SSR loci were shared by Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat. These preliminary data suggest the existence of common alleles may explain the evolutionary process and the selection between Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat. Furthermore, the genetic differentiation of grain shape and thousand-grain weight were observed in the evolutionary developmental process from Ae. tauschii to hexaploid wheat. 相似文献
7.
【目的】检测控制小麦粒重、粒型和硬度加性和显性QTL,解释控制这些性状的分子遗传基础。【方法】以小麦品种花培3号、豫麦57构建的包含168个株系的DH群体和由其构建的包含168个株系的IF2群体为材料,结合含有368个位点的分子遗传图谱,对5个环境的DH群体以及2个环境的IF2群体的千粒重、粒型和硬度数据进行QTL分析。【结果】共检测到控制千粒重、粒长、粒径和硬度的35个加性效应和18对上位效应QTL,包括控制千粒重的8个加性效应位点以及5对上位性位点,控制粒长的10个加性效应位点以及6对上位性位点,控制粒径的10个加性效应位点以及6对上位性位点,控制硬度的7个加性效应位点以及1对上位性位点。其中,控制粒重的Qtkw6A在DH和IF2群体中都能检测到,而且既有加性效应又有显性效应,加性效应的贡献率在2个群体内分别为9.39%和11.75%,显性效应的贡献率为1.37%。控制粒径的Qgd6A也在DH和IF2群体中检测到,加性效应贡献率分别为15.02%和15.03%,而且与控制粒长的Qgl6A为同一基因位点,在DH和IF2群体中对粒长的加性效应贡献率分别为14.96%和15.10%。【结论】小麦的千粒重和粒型的遗传主要受加性效应控制,同时也受上位效应影响。硬度主要受位于5D染色体短臂上一个主效基因控制,同时受其它微效基因以及上位性影响。本研究检测到的一些重要QTL可用于相关性状的分子标记辅助选择育种,用IF2群体检测到的显性效应QTL及具有显性×加性、加性×显性及显性×显性效应的QTL可为有关性状杂种优势的研究提供参考。 相似文献
8.
《农业科学学报》2016,(10)
High yield in rice mainly depends on large grain weight, ideal plant architecture and proper flowering time adapting to various geographic regions. To help achieve higher yield, phenotype variations of heading date(HD), plant architecture and grain shape in a panel of 416 rice accessions were investigated in this study. A total of 143 markers including 100 simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers and 43 gene-tagged markers were employed in association mapping to detect quantitative trait loci(QTL) responsible for these variations. Among the 7 subpopulations, POP5 in japonica group showed the largest values of HD and grain width(GW), but the smallest values of grain length(GL) and grain length to width ratio(GLW). Among the six indica groups, POP7 had the largest values of HD, GL, GLW, and 1 000-grain weight(TGW). A total of 27 QTLs were detected underlying these phenotypic variations in single year, while 12 of them could be detected in 2006 and 2007. GS3 marker was closely associated with GL, GW and GLW, and widely distributed in different groups. The starch synthesis related gene markers, SSI, SSIIa, SBE1, AGPL4, and ISA1, were linked to plant height(PH), panicle length(PL), flag leaf length(FLL), GW, and GLW. The SSR markers, RM267, RM340 and RM346, were linked to at least two traits. Therefore, these new markers will probably be used to improve rice grain yield or plant architecture when performing marker-assisted selection of proper alleles. 相似文献
9.
测定了粳稻直立穗品种丙8979与弯曲穗品种C堡杂交的重组自交系349个株系的穗角和7个谷粒性状及12个稻米品质性状,分析了穗角与谷粒性状和稻米品质性状间的相关性。结果表明,穗角与千粒重、谷粒长、谷粒宽、谷粒长宽比、谷粒长厚比、粒长和长宽比均呈极显著正相关,穗角不是决定产量和品质的主要因素。千粒重与谷粒长、谷粒宽、谷粒厚、糙米率、精米率、粒长、粒宽和直链淀粉含量均呈极显著正相关,与谷粒长厚比和谷粒宽厚比呈极显著负相关,千粒重主要由谷粒宽和谷粒厚决定。直链淀粉与谷粒长,垩白粒率与谷粒宽,粒宽与糊化温度之间均呈极显著正相关。垩白粒率与谷粒长宽比、长宽比、糙米率和精米率,垩白度与糙米率、精米率和整精米率以及长宽比与垩白度和糊化温度之间均呈极显著负相关。 相似文献
10.
《农业科学学报》2016,(1)
Grain size is one of the most important agronomic components of grain yield. Grain length, width and thickness are controlled by multiple quantitative trait loci(QTLs). To understand genetic basis of large grain shape and explore the beneficial alleles for grain size improvement, we perform QTL analysis using an F2 population derived from a cross between the japonica variety Beilu 129(BL129, wide and thick grain) and the elite indica variety Huazhan(HZ, narrow and long grain). A total number of eight major QTLs are detected on three different chromosomes. QTLs for grain width(q GW), grain thickness(q GT), brown grain width(q BGW), and brown grain thickness(q BGT) explained 7 7.67, 36.24, 89.63, and 39.41% of total phenotypic variation, respectively. The large grain rice variety BL129 possesses the beneficial alleles of GW2 and q SW5/GW5, which have been known to control grain width and weight, indicating that the accumulation of the beneficial alleles causes large grain shape in BL129. Further results reveal that the rare gw2 allele from BL129 increases grain width, thickness and weight of the elite indica variety Huazhan, which is used as a parental line in hybrid rice breeding. Thus, our findings will help breeders to carry out molecular design breeding on rice grain size and shape. 相似文献
11.
水、旱稻千粒重和产量QTL效应的验证 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
【目的】验证水稻和旱稻千粒重、单株产量QTL定位的真实性、准确性及其表型效应。【方法】（1）利用水、旱稻杂交、回交所产生的BC1、F2 3个分离群体对重组自交系（RIL）群体定位到的千粒重、单株产量的QTL效应进行选择验证。（2）依据千粒重、单株产量QTL两侧的分子标记按双标记、单标记进行选择验证。【结果】（1）千粒重、单株产量QTL在不同群体、不同的遗传背景中的遗传稳定，表型效应明显。旱田种植条件下，2个回交群体和自交育种群体携带有千粒重QTL tgw6.1有利等位基因的个体与没有携带tgw6.1有利等位基因个体的均值差为3.18～3.62 g，均达到极显著水平，表型效应为13.94%～18.15%；携带有单株产量QTL yp6.1有利等位基因的个体与没有携带yp6.1有利等位基因个体的单株产量均值差为5.04～8.18 g，达到显著或极显著水平，表型效应为34.89%～58.88%。（2）QTL标记区间较大（如本研究中的标记区间，13.5 cM）时，利用双标记选择更为可靠；标记与QTL距离较小（如本研究中的RM527，1.5 cM）时，利用靠近QTL的单侧标记进行选择也可以获得较好效果。此外，本文还就QTL定位中的一因多效现象及MAS对数量性状选择的有效性等进行了讨论。【结论】利用QTL分子标记辅助选择提高抗旱等复杂性状的选择效率是可行的。 相似文献
12.
不同环境下多个玉米穗部性状的QTL分析 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
【目的】探讨穗部性状之间的相互关系及其遗传机制。【方法】以优良玉米自交系黄早四为共同亲本,分别与掖478和齐319杂交,构建两套F2:3群体为研究材料(分别缩写为Y/H和Q/H),在2007年和2008年分别在北京、河南、新疆等3个地点共6个环境下进行了穗长、穗粗、穗行数和穗粒重4个性状的表型鉴定,采用单环境分析和多年多点的联合分析方法对其进行了数量性状位点(QTL)分析。【结果】在单环境分析中,2个群体分别检测到33个QTL和 46个QTL,主要分布在第4、5、6、7、10染色体上。进一步分析发现,在Y/H群体中共定位到4个环境钝感的QTL(即在2或2以上环境下均能被检测到的QTL,且在联合分析中与环境无互作效应),其中以位于第4、5染色体上的qGW1-4-1、qKRE1-5-1对表型的贡献率最大,在不同的环境中对表型的贡献率均大于10%;在Q/H群体中共定位到6个环境钝感的QTL,其中以qKRE2-3-2、qED2-2-1对表型的贡献率最大,分别解释7.23%—18.3%和7.1%—15.6%表型变异。通过多个环境的联合分析,Y/H和Q/H群体分别检测到2个和6个QTL与环境存在显著互作,且以穗粒重与环境互作的QTL最多,而其它性状的大部分QTL与环境的互作效应不显著。上位性分析结果表明,只有少数几个显著QTL位点参与上位性互作,而大部分上位性QTL为非显著位点间的互作,对表型的贡献率较小。比较分析2个群体的QTL定位结果,在2个群体间共检测到4对共有QTL,分别与穗粒重和穗行数相关,位于bin1.10、bin5.05、bin6.05和bin7.02。【结论】这些在不同环境或不同遗传背景下检测到的QTL,可作为穗部性状改良的候选染色体区段,用于分子标记辅助选择或图位克隆,但是同时也要注意上位性和环境对它们的影响。 相似文献
13.
小麦灌浆期耐热性QTL定位分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
【目的】以普通小麦加倍单倍体（DH）群体（旱选10号×鲁麦14）的150个株系为材料,鉴定其灌浆期耐热相关生理性状及千粒重耐热指数,并进行QTL定位,以期发掘具有显著效应以及不同环境中稳定表达的主效QTL,为改良小麦耐热性提供理论依据及分子标记。【方法】运用基于混合线性模型的复合区间作图法,以耐热指数为耐热性指标,对DH群体在田间雨养和灌溉2种土壤水分条件下的耐热性进行QTL定位。【结果】2种土壤水分条件下共检测到12个控制不同性状耐热指数的加性效应QTL,对表型变异的贡献率范围为2.64%—11.41%,其中,9个QTL与环境存在互作效应,对耐热指数表型变异的贡献率为1.41%—4.66%;检测到17对上位性效应QTL,对表型变异的贡献率为2.45%—8.84%,其中,仅4对与环境有互作效应,对表型变异的贡献率为0.62%—2.32%。控制耐热性的QTL来自双亲,DH群体中有耐热性超亲的株系存在。【结论】评价小麦灌浆期的耐热性,千粒重耐热指数是最直接的指标,生理性状指标为耐热性鉴定的间接辅助指标,其中,旱地条件下选用旗叶相对含水量耐热指数作为间接指标较好,而灌溉条件下选用气冠温差耐热指数较好。染色体1B、2D、5A、5B、6A、6B和7A对灌浆期耐热性贡献较大。千粒重耐热指数和旗叶叶绿素含量耐热指数的遗传以加性效应为主,叶绿素荧光参数耐热指数和气冠温差耐热指数的遗传以上位性效应为主,而叶片相对含水量耐热指数的遗传加性效应与上位性效应都重要。 相似文献
14.
利用基于混合模型的QTL定位方法研究了由籼稻品种IR64和粳稻品种Azucena杂交衍生的DH群体在四个环境中穗长的QTL上位性效应和环境互作效应。结果表明上位性可能是数量性状的重要遗传基础，并揭示了上位性的几个重要特点。在本研究中，所有的QTL中只有两个没有参与上位性效应的形成，在参与上位性效应的QTL中，64.7%的QTL还具有本身的加性效应。因此传统方法对QTL加性效应的估算会由于上位性的影响而有偏。其它35.3%的QTL没有本身的加性效应，却参与了上位性互作，这些位点可能通过诱发和修饰其它位点而起作用。上位性的特点还包括，经常发现一个QTL与多个QTL发生互作；大效应的QTL也参与上位性互作；上位性互作易受环境影响。QTL与环境的互作效应比QTL的主效应更多次地被检测到，表明数量性状基因的表达显著地受到环境的调控。 相似文献
15.
陆地棉产量、纤维品质相关性状主效QTL和上位性互作分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
【目的】为了能够较为全面地了解陆地棉产量和纤维品质相关性状的遗传基础,利用包含471个标记、总长3 070.2 cM、覆盖棉花基因组65.88%左右的遗传图谱对其进行主效QTL定位和上位性互作分析。【方法】以DH962×冀棉5号的F2:3家系为分析群体,用WinQTLCartV2.5进行复合区间作图定位主效QTL,利用EPISTACY软件对共显性标记进行两位点的上位性互作分析。【结果】共检测到9个与产量相关性状的主效QTL,和5个与纤维品质相关性状的主效QTL,整齐度和比强度在显著LOD阈值下没有检测到相关QTL。共检测到75对互作位点,大多数互作属于非QTL位点与非QTL位点之间的互作,互作类型以加性显性互作和显性加性互作为主。所涉及的性状中,影响衣分和纤维长度的互作位点最多,单株铃数和衣指的最少。在LG1上检测到1个同时控制单株籽棉重、单株皮棉重和籽指主效QTL。在两位点的互作对中也发现了同时影响单株籽棉重、单株皮棉重和马克隆值的互作位点1对,同时影响衣分和纤维长度的互作位点4对。【结论】除了主效QTL外,上位性是陆地棉产量和纤维品质性状的重要遗传基础。主效QTL的效应小和上位性互作将会使得棉花分子标记辅助育种更加困难和复杂。表型相关的性状是由相同的QTL/互作位点所控制,这有助于多个性状的同时选择。 相似文献
16.
水稻第6染色体短臂产量性状QTL簇的分解 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】将水稻第6染色体短臂上产量性状QTL分解到更小的区间中。【方法】从珍汕97B/密阳46重组自交系群体筛选到针对第6染色体短臂RM587-RM19784区间的剩余杂合体,衍生了一个由221个株系组成的F2:3群体,种植于海南和浙江两地,考察每株穗数、每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数、千粒重、结实率和单株产量,建立SSR标记连锁图,应用Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5检测QTL。【结果】在所分析的6个性状中,除穗数外在第6染色体短臂上的目标区间均检测到QTL,分别座落于目标区域中3个以上的不同区间中,单个QTL对群体性状表型变异的贡献率为6.3%～35.2%;控制产量构成因子的QTL基本以加性作用为主,但3个单株产量QTL的显性度分别为1.65、0.84和0.42。【结论】目标区间存在3个以上的产量性状QTL,且同一区间控制不同性状的QTL、不同区间控制同一个性状的QTL在遗传作用模式、效应方向和效应大小上存在一定差异。 相似文献
17.
This study was undertaken to dissect quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling yield traits on the short arm of rice chromosome 6. A residual heterozygous line that carries a heterozygous segment extending from RM587 to RM19784 on the short arm of rice chromosome 6 was selected from an F7 population of the indica rice cross Zhenshan 97B/Milyang 46. An F2：3 population consisting of 221 lines was derived and grown in two trial sites. Six yield traits including number of panicles per plant, number of filled grains per panicle, total number of spikelets per panicle, spikelet fertility, 1 000-grain weight, and grain yield per plant were measured. An SSR marker linkage map was constructed and employed to determine QTLs for yield traits with Windows QTL Cartographer 2.5. QTLs were detected in the target interval for all the traits analyzed except NP, with phenotypic variance explained by a single QTL ranging between 6.3% and 35.2%. Most of the QTLs for yield components acted as additive QTLs, while the three QTLs for grain yield had dominance degrees of 1.65, 0.84, and -0.42, respectively. It was indicated that three or more QTLs for yield traits were located in the target region. The genetic action mode, the direction of the QTL effect, and the magnitude of the QTL effect varied among different QTLs for a given trait, and among QTLs for different traits that were located in the same interval. 相似文献
18.
Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production 总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25
Ashikari M Sakakibara H Lin S Yamamoto T Takashi T Nishimura A Angeles ER Qian Q Kitano H Matsuoka M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5735):741-745
Most agriculturally important traits are regulated by genes known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) derived from natural allelic variations. We here show that a QTL that increases grain productivity in rice, Gn1a, is a gene for cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (OsCKX2), an enzyme that degrades the phytohormone cytokinin. Reduced expression of OsCKX2 causes cytokinin accumulation in inflorescence meristems and increases the number of reproductive organs, resulting in enhanced grain yield. QTL pyramiding to combine loci for grain number and plant height in the same genetic background generated lines exhibiting both beneficial traits. These results provide a strategy for tailormade crop improvement. 相似文献
19.
Main-effect QTL, epistatic effects and their interactions with environment are important genetic components of quantitative traits. In this study, we analyzed the QTL, epistatic effects and QTL by environment interactions (QE) underlying plant height and heading date, using a doubled-haploid (DH) population consisting of 190 lines from the cross between an indica parent Zhenshan 97 and a japonica parent Wuyujing 2, and tested in two-year replicated field trials. A genetic linkage map with 179 SSR (simple sequence repeat) marker loci was constructed. A mixed linear model approach was applied to detect QTL, digenic interactions and QEs for the two traits. In total, 20 main-effect QTLs, 9 digenic interactions involving 18 loci, and 5 QTL by environment interactions were found to be responsible for the two traits. No interactions were detected between the digenic interaction and environment. The amounts of variations explained by QTLs of main effect were 53.9% for plant height and 57.8% for heading date, larger than that explained by epistasis and QEs. However,the epistasis and QE interactions sometimes accounted for a significant part of phenotypic variation and should not be disregarded. 相似文献
20.
小麦品种偃展1号与品系早穗30重组自交系群体遗传连锁图谱构建及重要农艺性状的QTL分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
【目的】构建重组自交系(recombinant inbred line,RIL)群体及其遗传连锁图谱,对小麦重要农艺性状进行数量性状位点(quantitative trait locus,QTL)分析,为发现小麦新基因与分子标记辅助育种奠定基础。【方法】配制普通小麦品种(系)早穗30和偃展1号的杂交组合,通过一粒传的方法培育重组自交系群体;利用SSR(simple sequence repeat)标记、DarT(diversity arrays technology)标记、ISBP(insertion site-basedpolymorphism)标记以及抽穗期和株高的功能标记绘制其遗传连锁图谱并通过复合区间作图法(Compositeinterval mapping,CIM)对多个环境下的抽穗期、株高、千粒重、穗粒数、每穗小穗数、穗长等农艺性状进行QTL定位分析。【结果】培育出由219个F7家系组成的重组自交系群体;构建了含481个分子标记的遗传连锁图谱;检测出分布在12条染色体上的26个与重要农艺性状相关的QTL,其中9个QTL能够在至少2个环境下重复;研究还发现了3个QTL聚集的"QTL簇",其中4D染色体上的矮秆基因Rht2所在区段控制株高与千粒重,5D染色体上的Vrn-D1-WMS212区间控制抽穗期、穗粒数与每穗小穗数,7B染色体上wPt4230-wPt4814区段控制抽穗期、穗粒数、株高与穗长。【结论】构建的小麦遗传作图群体可成功地用于重要农艺性状分析;矮秆基因Rht2与春化基因Vrn-D12个发育相关基因均与多个重要农艺性状有关;在7B上可能存在与发育相关的重要新基因。 相似文献