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1.
试验选用7±2日龄的PIC五元杂交系哺乳仔猪400头,研究21日龄仔猪断奶时植物活性肽对哺乳仔猪屠宰率和胃肠道发育的影响。试验仔猪随机分为4组,每组10个重复。各组日粮分别为在玉米-豆粕型基础日粮的基础上添加2%的鱼粉、2%的血浆蛋白粉、2%的植物活性肽和4%的植物活性肽。研究结果表明:日粮中添加4%的植物活性肽后,屠宰率有增高的趋势但差异不显著(P>0.05);日粮中添加植物活性肽可以显著提高胃、胰脏和小肠的重量并显著增加小肠长度(P<0.05);日粮中添加4%的植物活性肽和2%血浆蛋白粉相比可以显著降低胃内pH值(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

2.
张为鹏  王斌  杨在宾 《饲料工业》2007,28(17):10-13
试验选用(7±2)日龄的PIC商品代哺乳仔猪40窝,随机分为A、B、C、D四个组,每个组分为10个重复。试验A组为鱼粉对照组,配方中含有1.9%的鱼粉;试验B组为血浆蛋白粉组,含有2%的血浆蛋白粉;试验C、D组为植物活性肽组,分别添加2%和4%的植物活性肽,用来代替血浆蛋白粉。研究结果表明:在哺乳仔猪的补饲料中添加植物活性肽能够提高哺乳仔猪的体增重和采食量,添加较高水平的小肽能有效地降低腹泻率和死淘率。随着小肽添加量的增加,这种趋势更加明显。哺乳仔猪日粮中添加4%的植物活性肽和2%血浆蛋白粉可以显著提高血清中的抗体IgG水平(P<0.05),植物活性肽组免疫器官脾脏重量和脾脏指数明显比血浆蛋白粉组要高(P<0.05)。日粮中添加植物活性肽可以显著提高大肠中有益菌群乳酸菌的数量(P<0.05),降低有害菌群大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的数量(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

3.
为研究不同水平肽源对乳仔猪生产性能及经济效益的影响,本试验采用单因子试验设计,分哺乳期(7~28日龄)和断奶转群过渡期(28~37日龄)2个阶段。哺乳期:选取24窝1日龄哺乳仔猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复1窝。对照组饲喂基础日粮(0%肽源);处理1组添加4%肽源代替2%血浆蛋白;处理2组添加6%肽源代替2%血浆蛋白;处理3组添加8%肽源代替4%血浆蛋白。断奶转群过渡期:仔猪28日龄断奶后,4个处理各自混群,每个处理各选60头猪,随机分为3个重复,每个重复20头。各处理试验日粮与哺乳期相同。结果表明:1)不同肽源水平日粮饲喂哺乳期仔猪,对其日增重、死淘率及腹泻率无显著影响(P0.05),相比于饲喂商品日粮,在仔猪日粮中添加6%的肽源,能够显著提高仔猪全期采食量10.3%(P0.05);2)不同肽源水平对断奶过渡期仔猪日采食量及饲料转化率无显著影响(P0.05),相比于饲喂商品日粮,在日粮中添加6%肽源,可显著提高仔猪日增重(P0.05),6%和8%肽源可以减少腹泻率(P0.05);3)在仔猪日粮中使用一定比例的肽源代替血浆蛋白粉,可以降低饲料成本,增加仔猪增重收益,提高养殖效益2.2%~3.0%。综上所述,肽源能够改善仔猪生产性能,提高养殖效益,减轻断奶应激,6%的肽源添加比例最佳。  相似文献   

4.
选择30日龄断奶体重为(6.94±0.69)kg的二元杂种商品仔猪184头,按照窝别、性别、体重相近的原则分为5组,饲喂不含马铃薯蛋白粉的基础饲粮和以2%、4%、6%的马铃薯蛋白粉及4%的血浆蛋白粉等氮替代基础饲粮中豆粕的饲粮,每组4～5个重复,每个重复8头仔猪,进行28d的饲养试验。试验第15d称重后,每个重复选择1头体重接近该圈平均体重的仔猪前腔静脉采血,测定血液生化指标;试验第15～18d,以圈为单位,收集粪样,测定蛋白质表观消化率。研究马铃薯蛋白粉在断奶仔猪上的应用效果,确定其适宜添加量。结果表明,饲粮中添加2%马铃薯蛋白粉组,与基础饲粮组相比,试验全期可以提高日增重6.14%(P>0.05)、降低料重比10%(P<0.01),降低腹泻率6.24个百分点(P>0.05),效果相当于甚至优于4%血浆蛋白粉。饲粮中添加4%和6%马铃薯蛋白粉,仔猪生长性能显著或极显著低于基础饲粮组。但6%马铃薯蛋白粉组蛋白质表观消化率高于基础饲粮组和2%马铃薯蛋白粉组(P<0.05),血浆蛋白粉组蛋白质表观消化率略高于基础饲粮组(P>0.05);2%马铃薯蛋白粉组血清总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、胆碱酯酶含量最高;4%血浆蛋白粉组血清尿素氮显著低于基础饲粮组,极显著低于马铃薯蛋白粉组;6%马铃薯蛋白粉组谷丙转氨酶活性高于4%、2%马铃薯蛋白粉组(P<0.05);各个处理血液谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸含量以及谷草转氨酶活性差异不显著。由此结论,马铃薯蛋白粉在断奶仔猪饲粮中的适宜添加量为2%。  相似文献   

5.
选取120头28日龄断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头。其中对照组饲喂不含血浆蛋白粉的基础日粮,试验一组、二组和三组分别饲喂添加鸡血浆蛋白粉、猪血浆蛋白粉和复合血浆蛋白粉均为4%的试验日粮,研究不同血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪血液生化指标和PRRS(蓝耳病)抗体效价的影响。结果:鸡血浆蛋白粉组仔猪血清中白蛋白含量、IgG含量和PRRS抗体效价均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),鸡血浆蛋白粉组与猪血浆蛋白粉组在仔猪血液生化指标、PRRS抗体效价上均无显著差异(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

6.
本试验研究饲料肽对仔猪后期的生长、氨基酸利用率和肠道消化酶活性的影响.选用体重近似的96头(38±2)日龄的杜长大仔猪,随机分为4个处理组,每个处理4个重复.4个处理分别为:含6%鱼粉的对照组(C)、6%鱼粉和2%血浆蛋白粉的日粮组(T1)以及分别加1%和2%饲料肽等蛋白取代喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉的试验日粮组(T2和T3),试验21 d结束时进行屠宰试验.结果表明:血浆蛋白粉和饲料肽可显著提高仔猪的平均日增重和日粮必需氨基酸消化率(P<0.05),二者之间的生产性能和日粮必需氨基酸消化率差异不显著(P>0.05).日粮处理对仔猪肠道消化酶活性没有显著影响(P>0.05).这表明饲料肤部分取代喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉对仔猪后期的生长、氨基酸消化率和消化酶活性无显著影响.  相似文献   

7.
试验研究了3种不同类型的小肽产品等蛋白取代喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉对21d断奶仔猪的生产性能和血液生化指标的影响。选用体重近似的192头(21±1)d断奶的皮杜长大四元杂交仔猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复栏8头猪。4个处理日粮分别为:添加2%喷雾干燥血浆蛋白粉的对照组和分别添加2%小肽产品A、B和C等蛋白取代血浆蛋白粉的T1、T2和T3试验组。试验期为21d。试验结果表明,添加3种不同肽产品等蛋白取代血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪的生产性能和血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05),小肽产品可以部分等蛋白取代断奶仔猪日粮中的血浆蛋白粉。  相似文献   

8.
选取144头25±3日龄断奶仔猪,随机分成4个处理组,即对照组、试验1组、试验2组和试验3组,每个处理组3个重复,每个重复12头仔猪,对照组饲喂不含血浆蛋白粉的基础日粮,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组分别饲喂鸡血浆蛋白粉、猪血浆蛋白粉、复合试验血浆蛋白粉、以4%添加量等氮替代基础日粮中鱼粉及大豆蛋白的3种试验日粮。研究不同血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪血液生化指标和蓝耳病毒抗体效价的影响。试验期14d。试验结果表明:鸡血浆蛋白粉组仔猪血清中白蛋白含量和蓝耳病毒抗体效价均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各血浆蛋白粉均能够提高仔猪血清白蛋白、球蛋白含量和延长仔猪蓝耳病毒抗体效价消长。  相似文献   

9.
为了评定生物蛋白粉对仔猪生产性能的影响,共选用96头28日龄的仔猪,体重约7.65kg仔猪(杜×长×大),按照随机化完全区组设计,分到3个处理组。每个处理组设3个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。处理1为对照组,处理2为基础日粮添加4%生物蛋白粉,处理3为基础日粮添加4%血浆蛋白粉。试验期共14d。试验结果表明,仔猪日粮添加生物蛋白粉可达到与血浆蛋白粉相同的生产水平(包括平均日增重、平均日采食量、料肉比、腹泻率)。与添加4%血浆蛋白粉相比,日粮添加4%生物蛋白粉可降低日粮成本而且大大提高仔猪的生产性能。  相似文献   

10.
本研究选用三元杂交(长长大)泌乳母猪20头进行了邦成肽能对泌乳母猪的饲养效果研究。试验分成5组,每组4个重复。试验I组为空白对照组,饲喂基础日粮;试验Ⅱ组为血浆蛋白对比组;试验Ⅲ、Ⅳ、V组为肽能组。试验基础日粮由玉米、豆粕、花生粕、次粉等常规原料组成,日粮消化能、粗蛋白质水平分别为13.72MJ/kgDM和17.50%,其他营养物质参考NRC(1998)猪的营养需要标准供给。研究结果表明:母猪日粮中添加4%血浆蛋白粉和6%的肽能降低了母猪进食量(P<0.05);添加4%的肽能母猪泌乳量明显提高(P<0.05);添加4%的肽能或4%的血浆蛋白粉均可提高乳脂率和全脂固形物含量(P<0,05),而添加肽能和血浆蛋白粉均不能改善乳蛋白和乳糖水平(P>0.05);添加4%肽能或血浆蛋白粉有提高仔猪增重的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05);添加2%-4%的肽能或4%的血浆蛋白粉均可保证母猪在泌乳期内体重增加,并且以添加4%的肽能组增重效果最明显;日粮中添加6%的肽能对母猪泌乳量、乳汁中全脂固形物含量、采食量、维持母猪在泌乳期的体重均无益处(P<0.05)。  相似文献   

11.
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) infection and resulting scours is a major problem for young pigs, especially when purified plant proteins are fed rather than spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP). The effect of supplementing a pea protein isolate (PPI)-based diet with egg yolk antibodies (EYA) from laying hens immunized with ETEC K88 antigen on piglet performance, incidence of scours, and gut histology was studied in a 14-d trial. Ninety-six 10-d-old weaned pigs were assigned to five dietary treatments in a completely randomized design to give six replicate pens per treatment. The treatments were PPI without EYA (PPI-EYA), PPI with EYA (PPI+EYA), SDPP without EYA (SDPP-EYA), SDPP with EYA (SDPP+EYA), or a combination of PPI and SDPP (PPI+SDPP). Diets were formulated to similar nutrient levels and provided for ad libitum intake. Blood from all pigs was taken on d 0, 7, and 14 for determining plasma urea N (PUN). On d 7, pigs were orally challenged with 6 mL of 10(10) cfu/ mL ETEC K88. Piglets were weighed on d 7 and 14. On d 7, 8, and 14, four pigs per treatment were sacrificed to study the histology of the small intestine. Weekly feed intake, BW changes, and gain:feed were determined. Fecal swabs from 10 pigs per treatment were taken for a PCR test to detect K88 E. coli. Feed efficiency over the 14-d period was not affected (P > 0.78) by dietary treatment. Mean ADFI on an as-fed basis was lower (P < 0.002) in piglets fed PPI-EYA (64.3 g/d) compared with PPI+EYA (94.8 g/d) or SDPP (102 g/d) during wk 1. Piglets fed PPI-EYA tend to have a lower (P < 0.026) overall ADG (84 g/d) than those fed PPI+EYA (123 g/d) or SDPP (127 g/d) (P < 0.006)-based diets. Although scours was evident in all groups of pigs 6 h after the challenge, most of the piglets fed EYA- or SDPP-containing diets recovered 10 to 72 h postchallenge, whereas those fed PPI-EYA continued to have severe diarrhea, resulting in 33% mortality. The PCR results showed that a greater (P < 0.01) percentage of piglets fed PPI-EYA compared with those fed SDPP- or EYA-containing diets continued to shed ETEC K88 at the end of the 14-d study. Piglets fed PPI-EYA had shorter villi (P < 0.01), higher intestinal pH (P < 0.013), and higher PUN (P < 0.05) than those fed the SDPP- or EYA-containing diets during the entire 14-d study. It was concluded that specific EYA and SDPP could provide passive control of ETEC infection and potentially improve feed intake and weight gain in young pigs fed PPI.  相似文献   

12.
Two experiments involving 168 10-d-old weaned pigs were conducted to compare growth-promoting properties of dietary spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP), spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), and chicken egg-yolk antibodies (EYA) or egg-yolk powder (EYP, contains no specific antibodies) from d 0 to 14 postweaning. In Exp. 1, 96 pigs (3.2 +/- 0.2 kg BW) were used to test the hypothesis that the superior performance of piglets fed SDPP-based diets was partly due to the presence of specific antibodies against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which could be replaced with EYA. Four experimental diets in a completely randomized design and arranged in a 2 x 2 factorial (SDPP without or with autoclaving [AuSDPP] and without [EYP] or with supplementation of EYA) were used. Autoclaving SDPP at 121degrees C for 15 min completely destroyed anti-K88/F18 antibodies. Overall feed intake and gain:feed ratio were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments and averaged 122.7 g/d and 0.688, respectively. However, pigs fed AuSDPP+EYP diets had poorer (P < 0.001) ADG compared with those fed SDPP+EYP or SDPP+EYA from 0 to 14 d. Scours were four times higher (P < 0.05) for treatment AuSDPP+EYP compared with all other treatments. Plasma urea nitrogen concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in AuSDPP+EYP- and AuSDPP+EYA-fed pigs. Also twice the number of piglets fed AuSDPP+EYP appeared unhealthy compared with piglets on treatment AuSDPP+EYA. In Exp. 2, 72 10-d-old weaned pigs (3.5 kg BW) were used to compare the effect of EYA supplementation and oral challenge of ETEC strain F18 on performance and visceral organ weights. The experimental diets consisted of SDAP+EYP, SDAP+EYA, SDPP+EYP, and SDPP+EYA. From d 0 to 7, and the entire experimental period, dietary treatment did not influence (P > 0.05) growth rate and feed consumption. Plasma urea N concentration was higher (P < 0.05) in piglets fed the SDAP+EYP diet before and after the oral challenge. Gain:feed ratio, organ weights, villi heights, and crypt depths were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. The results indicate that SDPP contains specific anti-ETEC antibodies, which is one of the factors responsible for its superior growth-enhancing effects. Spray-dried animal plasma, SDPP and EYA have similar growth promoting effect in early-weaned pigs.  相似文献   

13.
The effect of feeding diets containing either spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) or pea protein-isolate (PPI) supplemented with either egg yolk antibodies (EYA) from hens immunized with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) (K88 and F18) antigens, ZnO, fumaric acid (FA), or carbadox (AB) on pig performance, incidence of scours, and gut morphology was studied in a 14-d experiment. Ninety 10-d-old weaned pigs were assigned to six dietary treatments in a completely randomized design to give five pens per treatment with three pigs per pen. The diets were SDPP without EYA (SDPP - EYA), PPI without EYA (PPI - EYA), PPI with EYA (PPI + EYA), PPI with ZnO (PPI + ZnO), PPI with FA (PPI + FA), or PPI with AB (PPI + AB). Diets were formulated to similar nutrient levels, with AB, EYA, FA, and ZnO at 0.25, 0.5, 2.0, and 0.4% of the diet, respectively. Pigs were weighed and bled on d 0, 7, and 14 to determine plasma urea N (PUN). Pigs were orally challenged with a 6-mL dose of 10(10) cfu/mL ETEC (K88) on d 7. On d 14, three pigs per treatment were killed to obtain sections of the small intestine for histological measurements. Weekly feed intake, BW changes, and gain:feed were determined. Incidence of scours and scour scores were monitored and fecal swabs were taken before and after ETEC challenge for PCR test to detect ETEC (K88). Feeding SDPP or supplementing PPI-based diets with EYA, ZnO, FA, or AB did not affect (P > 0.05) ADG, ADFI (as-fed basis), or gain:feed throughout the study. However, pigs fed PPI - EYA tended to have lower (P = 0.08) ADFI during wk 2 (137.9 g/d) and lower (P < 0.10) ADG from d 0 to 14 (100.1 g/d) than those fed the SDPP - EYA (156.6 g/d), PPI + EYA (151.2 g/d), PPI + ZnO (158.9 g/ d), PPI + FA (155.4 g/d), and PPI + AB (152.6 g/d) diets. Although scours was evident in all pigs 8 h after the ETEC challenge, it lasted only 3 to 5 d in pigs fed SDPP or PPI supplemented with EYA, ZnO, FA, or AB. Pigs fed PPI - EYA continued to have severe diarrhea, resulting in 40% mortality vs. 13% or less in the other groups. The PCR results showed that 81% of PPI-fed pigs continued to shed ETEC K88 7 d after ETEC challenge. Pigs fed PPI-EYA had shorter villi (P < 0.05), reduced villi:crypt ratio (P < 0.003), and higher intestinal pH (P < 0.001) and PUN (P < 0.001) than those fed SDPP or PPI supplemented with EYA, ZnO, FA, and AB. In conclusion, SDPP, EYA, ZnO, FA, and AB may have provided passive control to ETEC (K88) infection and potentially enabled young pigs to efficiently utilize a PPI-based diet.  相似文献   

14.
酵母抽提物替代血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
试验旨在研究酵母抽提物部分或全部替代血浆蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生产性能的影响。试验共选160头体重([6.20±0.10)kg]和日龄([26±2)d]相近的PIC断奶仔猪,分为4个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复8头仔猪。对照组(处理1)饲喂基础日粮,处理2饲喂含4%血浆蛋白粉(SDPP)日粮,处理3饲喂含2%SDPP+2%酵母抽提物的日粮,处理4饲喂含4%酵母抽提物日粮。试验期为28 d,所有仔猪自由采食和饮水。结果表明,与对照组相比,饲喂含4%酵母抽提物日粮能促进仔猪生长,试验全期仔猪日增重提高15%(P<0.05),饲料增重比降低7%(P<0.05);与含4%或2%SDPP日粮组相比,饲喂含4%酵母抽提物日粮并没有显著影响仔猪平均日采食量和日增重,但饲料增重比在试验前3周和试验全期均得到显著改善(降低7%～10%,P<0.05)。因此,酵母抽提物能促进断奶仔猪生长,部分或全部替代SDPP不影响仔猪增重,且能改善饲料转化率。  相似文献   

15.
Two experiments, each consisting of 2 trials, were conducted to determine the effect of salmon protein hydrolysate (SPH) and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP) fed during the first week postweaning and their subsequent effect on the growth performance of weanling pigs. Pigs were fed in a 3-phase feeding program with durations of 7 d for phase 1 in both Exp. 1 and 2; 14 or 15 d for phase 2 in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively; and 7 or 8 d for phase 3 in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Dietary treatments were fed only during phase 1, whereas the same diet was fed to all pigs in phases 2 and 3. Pigs were blocked by initial BW and sex, and littermates were balanced across treatments. Data from the 2 trials within each experiment were combined and analyzed together; no treatment × trial interactions (P > 0.10) were observed. In Exp. 1, a total of 324 weanling pigs (10 replications of 5 or 6 pigs per pen) with an average initial BW of 6.4 ± 1.3 kg were assigned to 1) a control diet with no SPH or SDPP, 2) 1.5% SPH, 3) 3.0% SPH, 4) 1.5% SDPP, 5) 3.0% SDPP, or 6) 1.5% SPH + 1.5% SDPP. Experiment 2 was similar to Exp. 1, but red blood cells were removed from all diets to reduce diet complexity. In Exp. 2, weanling pigs (n = 320, 14 replications of 5 or 6 pigs per pen) with an average initial BW of 5.4 ± 1.2 kg were assigned to 1) a control diet with no SPH or SDPP, 2) 1.5% SPH, 3) 1.5% SDPP, or 4) 1.5% SPH + 1.5% SDPP. Three batches of SPH were used, and each batch was analyzed for AA composition. In Exp. 1, the inclusion of SDPP or SPH during phase 1 did not affect (P > 0.10) ADG, ADFI, or G:F compared with those of pigs fed the control diet. No carryover effects on growth performance were observed in any of the subsequent phases. Overall, G:F was greater (P = 0.08) in pigs fed the 1.5% diets compared with those fed the 3.0% diets. In Exp. 2, no differences (P > 0.10) were observed in ADG, ADFI, or G:F among pigs fed the SPH or SDPP diets compared with those of pigs fed the control diet. Pigs fed the combined diet had greater (P < 0.10) overall ADFI compared with that of pigs fed the control diet, but ADFI was similar to that of pigs fed the SPH and SDPP diets. These results indicate that inclusion of up to 3% SDPP or SPH in diets fed during the first week postweaning did not affect the growth performance of weanling pigs, and no subsequent carryover effects were observed. Salmon protein hydrolysate did not affect the growth performance of weanling pigs and may be considered an alternative protein source in diets for weanling pigs.  相似文献   

16.
The weaning of piglets is often associated with digestive disorders, particularly diarrhea--postweaning colibacillosis (PWC)--which is caused by infection with enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. It has been shown previously that a diet for newly weaned pigs based on cooked white rice and animal protein decreases the occurrence of PWC, whereas the addition of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) to this diet enhances PWC. The aims of the current work were to 1) determine whether substitution of animal protein with plant proteins in the cooked-white-rice diet influenced its protective effects on PWC and 2) confirm that an increase in viscosity of the digesta by adding CMC to the diet favors the development of PWC--with (Exp. 1) or without (Exp. 2) experimental infection of piglets with E. coli. The diets were 1) cooked white rice and animal protein sources (RAP), 2) RAP + CMC added at 40 g of CMC/kg (air-dry basis) of diet, 3) cooked white rice and plant protein sources (RPP), and 4) wheat and plant protein sources (WPP). Experiments 1 and 2 were conducted using 32 and 24 piglets (eight and six per treatment), respectively. Piglets were weaned at 21 d (d 1), and fed ad libitum until slaughter on d 9. In Exp. 1, piglets were orally infected with enterotoxigenic E. coli on d 4, 5, 6, and 7. On d 8 of Exp. 1, the E. coli scores in feces of pigs fed RAP + CMC were higher than with RAP (P < 0.01). On d 9 after weaning, feces from pigs fed diet RAP were normal or moist, whereas feces from pigs fed RAP + CMC were wet to diarrheic. On d 7 of Exp. 2, pigs fed diets RAP + CMC and WPP had wetter feces than pigs fed diets RAP or RPP (P < 0.05). On d 8, the E. coli scores in feces were higher (P < 0.01) with pigs fed RAP + CMC than with all other diets. The E. coli scores in the digesta were also higher with pigs fed RAP + CMC, and to a lesser extent with diet WPP, than with pigs fed RAP or RPP (P < 0.01). The large intestine was heavier in pigs fed diets RPP and WPP, and the digesta were more acidic (P < 0.05). This study confirmed that diet RAP was protective against PWC, and that substitution of animal proteins with plant protein in a rice-based diet did not diminish its protective effects. The addition of CMC to cooked white rice increased digesta viscosity and enhanced PWC. Consequently, this diet represents a useful model for studying this condition.  相似文献   

17.
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate pet food-grade poultry by-product meal (PBM) as a replacement protein source for fish meal (FM), blood meal (BM), and spray-dried plasma protein (SDPP) in weanling pig diets. In the first study, 200 crossbred pigs (initial BW = 6.5 kg) were weaned (21 d) and randomly allotted to one of four dietary treatments, which included a control and three test diets where PBM was substituted for FM, blood products, or both. Experimental diets were fed during Phase I (d 0 to 5 postweaning) and Phase II (d 5 to 19), and a common Phase III diet was fed from d 19 to 26. Overall (d 0 to 26), there was no difference in performance of pigs fed PBM in place of the other ingredients. However, during Phase I, BW (P < 0.05), ADG (P < 0.02), and intake (P < 0.001) in pigs fed diets containing SDPP were greater than those fed diets with PBM. In Exp. 2, the performance of pigs (n = 100, initial BW = 6.5 kg) fed diets containing 20% PBM (as-fed basis, replacing SDPP, BM, FM, and a portion of the soybean meal) in all phases of the nursery diet was compared with a group fed conventional diets without PBM. There were no differences in overall performance (d 0 to 26); however, ADG (P < 0.10) and feed intake were higher (P < 0.01) for pigs fed the conventional diet than for pigs fed the 20% PBM diet during Phase I (d 0 to 5). Experiment 3 was a slope-ratio assay to determine the ability of PBM to replace SDPP. A total of 320 pigs (initial BW = 7.32 kg) was weaned (21 d) and allotted to five treatment groups in three trials in a blocked design with product (SDPP or PBM) as the first factor, and lysine level (1.08, 1.28, 1.49%; as-fed basis) as the second factor. Growth rate increased with increasing lysine (P < 0.05), regardless of the source. These results indicate that PBM can be used in nursery diets in place of blood meal and fish meal without affecting performance. Furthermore, although feeding PBM in Phase I diets was not equivalent to SDPP during the first week, there was no overall difference in performance at the end of the nursery phase.  相似文献   

18.
Nutritional evaluation of egg byproducts in diets for early-weaned pigs   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
A total of 272 Cotswold pigs (17 +/- 1 d) were utilized in three experiments to evaluate the nutritive value of spray-dried egg proteins for early-weaned pigs. In all experiments, pigs were stratified by sex and initial BW and then assigned randomly to experimental diets. In Exp. 1, four corn-soybean meal-based diets containing 7% of either spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP), spray-dried technical albumen (SDTA), SDTA stored at 70 degrees C for 3 d (SDTA-ht), or spray-dried whole egg (SDWE) were assigned to five pens each with four pigs for a 3-wk study period. Average daily gain, ADFI, and gain:feed ratio (G:F) were determined. At the end of wk 3, five pigs per treatment were killed to determine ileal AA and energy digestibilities, as well as Enterobacteriaceae counts. Compared with the SDPP diet, ADG and G:F were lower (P < 0.05) for SDTA-, SDTA-ht- and SDWE-containing diets. Apparent ileal digestibilities of cystine, histidine, isoleucine, methionine, and threonine in the SDPP diet were lower (P < 0.05) than in diets containing spray-dried egg products. Ileal digestible energy content did not differ (P > 0.05) in all diets (3.1 to 3.2 Mcal/kg). Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower in the SDTA-ht diet than in either the SDTA or SDWE diets (P < 0.05). In Exp. 2, the effect of substituting SDPP with varying levels of SDTA was investigated. Diets were randomly assigned to five pens (except for the 100% SDTA diet, which had four pens), each with four pigs. Average daily gain, ADFI, and G:F decreased linearly as the level of SDTA was increased in the diet (P < 0.05). Replacing SDPP with SDTA at 25 or 50% had no effect on pig performance (P > 0.10). In Exp. 3, phase I diets containing 0, 25, or 50% SDTA in place of SDPP (7% of the diet) were each assigned at random to eight pens each with four pigs for a 14-d period, after which all pigs were switched to a common phase II diet lacking both SDPP and SDTA for another 14 d. Average daily feed intake and ADG did not differ among all diets in phase I and II and overall (d 0 to 28). Pigs fed the diet containing 50% SDTA in phase I had lower (P < 0.05) G:F than those fed the SDPP diet. The results indicate that technical albumen can replace 25 to 50% of SDPP in early-weaned pig diets without compromising performance, and further suggest that heat-treated SDTA may affect intestinal microbial population in pigs.  相似文献   

19.
The effect of inclusion of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) in diets for weanling piglets was studied. The objectives were to determine whether SDPP would have positive effects on post-weaning piglet performance and health under typical Northern European conditions. In experiment 1, 160 weanling piglets were assigned randomly to a control diet or a diet containing 3% SDPP, which was added at the expense of both fishmeal and dried skim milk. In experiment 2, 264 weanling piglets were assigned to a control diet containing whey protein, a diet without whey protein but with SDPP or a diet containing both whey protein and SDPP. In essence, SDPP was added to the test diets at the expense of either whey protein or fishmeal. Piglets were fed the diets for 3 weeks. In experiment 1, the piglets fed the SDPP diet had a 7% higher average daily gain (ADG) and a 4% lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p < 0.05) during the first 3 weeks after weaning than did those fed the control diet. There were no differences in leucocyte counts or γ-globulin. In experiment 2 there were no significant differences in ADG and FCR among the dietary treatments. It is concluded that low amounts of SDPP in weanling diets can have positive effects on growth performance under Northern European conditions.  相似文献   

20.
This study evaluated the effects of supplementing sow diets with oregano essential oils (OEO) during gestation and lactation on sow colostrum and milk composition and on the growth pattern and immune status of suckling pigs. A total of 70 second-parity sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 gestation dietary treatments within 24 h after service: control (CON) or CON + 250 mg/kg of OEO (OREG). In lactation, sows were again assigned to either the CON or OREG dietary treatment. Thus, the lactation treatments were CON-CON, CON-OREG, OREG-CON, and OREG-OREG. Colostrum and blood samples were collected from 6 sows per lactation dietary treatment. Thymus lymphocyte (T lymphocyte) subpopulations (γδ, cluster of differentiation 8, and 32 cluster of differentiation 4) were enumerated in blood and mammary secretions along with IGF-1, IgG, and IgA concentrations. Piglet growth rate were determined from 18, 17, 17, and 18 litters from the CON-CON, CON-OREG, OREG-CON, and OREG-OREG lactation dietary treatments, respectively. Growth rates were determined in 630 piglets, and piglets were individually identified and weighed on 1, 5, 9, 12, 16, and 19 d of age. Oregano essential oil supplementation during gestation or lactation had no effect (P > 0.05) on GE, CP, GE:CP, GE:fat, and IGF-1 in sow milk. Reductions of the fat percentage in milk on d 7 (P < 0.05) and d 14 (P = 0.07) were found in sows supplemented with OEO during lactation compared with those in the CON treatment. Milk from sows supplemented with OEO during lactation had the greatest number of T lymphocytes compared with those in the lactation CON treatment on d 14 of lactation (P < 0.01). The number of T lymphocytes in milk was greater for sows in the CON-OREG treatment compared with those other treatments on d 14 of lactation (P < 0.05). Energy intake was greater on d 1 to 5 in piglets from sows fed OEO during gestation than those from sows in the CON treatment (P < 0.05). A trend (P = 0.10) for greater milk intake was observed in piglets from sows supplemented with OEO during gestation compared with those from sows in the CON treatment. Similarly, a tendency for an increase in ADG on d 1 to 5 was found in piglets from sows supplemented with OEO during gestation compared with those from sows in the CON treatment (P = 0.10). Insulin-like growth factor-1 at birth and on d 7 and 14 of lactation did not differ among piglets from sows assigned to the different dietary treatments. Oregano essential oil supplementation of sow diets did not affect (P > 0.05) immunoglobulin concentrations in piglets after suckling. Supplementing sow diets with OEO during gestation or lactation did not affect (P > 0.05) the T lymphocytes, percentage of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and natural killer cell activity of piglets during lactation. Supplementing sow diets with 250 mg/kg of OEO during gestation and lactation did not affect the growth potential of and immune responses in suckling piglets.  相似文献   

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