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采用箱式模型对金昌市新材料工业区的SO2大气环境容量进行了计算,综合考虑各种客观因素,选取最优总量控制指标,并利用EIAA对最优指标进行了预测分析,为工业区的规划提供科学依据。 相似文献
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基于修正A值法的西安市大气环境容量估算 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
张军 《干旱区资源与环境》2011,(1):127-129
估算西安市大气环境容量,为西安市大气总量控制提供科学依据.应用国标<制定地方大气污染物排放标准的技术方法>(GB/T 13201-91)中规定的以箱模型为基本模型推导出的宏观总量控制A值法.西安市SO2、NO2和PM10大气环境容量分别为11.38、12.04及4.83,单位为104t/a.估算结果表明,SO2和NO2... 相似文献
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根据国家环保局制定的《"十一五"期间全国主要污染物排放总量控制计划》中分配的西部地区SO2总量控制指标,选择与地区SO2控制指标紧密相关的评价指标,利用基尼系数法计算出各评价指标对应的基尼系数,依据基尼系数综合评价西部各地区SO2总量控制指标分配的合理性。结果表明:"计划"对西部各地区总量控制指标分配是合理的。证明基尼系数评价法对总量控制指标分配合理性研究提供了一种思路。 相似文献
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以修正A值法估算宝鸡市大气环境容量,为宝鸡市大气总量控制提供科学依据。以箱模型为基本模型,利用陕西省气象台整编的1961-2008年气象资料,推导出的宏观总量控制修正A值法,宝鸡各市县A值小于国标A值。在新空气质量标准的要求下,咸阳市SO2、NOx、PM10环境容量分别为15.28×104t/a、8.76×104t/a和14.41×104t/a。为了保证各分区的环境质量,中架点源排放量与低源排放量之和应小于各分区容量,结果表明应加强对各区县中架点源与低架源的NOx控制,重点控制水泥行业和机动车的NOx排放。从整个宝鸡市的总体污染物排放来看,SO2还有剩余容量10.177×104t/a,NOx还有剩余容量1.694×104t/a。 相似文献
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经济与环境协调发展是建设资源节约型和环境友好型社会的核心内容。通过对1981-2006年黑龙江省工业SO2排放与经济发展之间动态关系的分析,结果表明:1981年以来黑龙江省工业SO2排放量经历了先减后升的过程,排放强度显著下降,主要来源于能源生产、造纸及纸制品、非金属矿物制品等制造业部门,资源型城市的排放量占全省工业SO2排放量的50%以上,而综合性工业城市则占到1/3左右。EKC模型对工业SO2排放与人均GDP之间关系的模拟结果表明,二者之间呈现较为典型的U型关系。分解分析结果显示,规模效应、清洁技术效应是影响工业SO2排放的重要因素,其中清洁技术效应对工业SO2减排目标的实现具有决定性控制作用。 相似文献
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郑健 《干旱区资源与环境》2013,(11):148-153
采用AHP层次分析法对乌鲁木齐市2001-2011年大气环境质量进行了评价。结果表明:2001-2011年,乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量一直处于三级标准,其中2011年大气环境质量最好,而2008年最差。大气环境质量受PM10和SO2的影响较大,而NO2的影响则较小。PM10和NO2对乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量的影响权重值逐渐变大,而SO2的影响权重值则逐渐减弱。从总体来看,乌鲁木齐市大气环境质量呈现转好的趋势,表明乌鲁木齐市近年来对大气环境的保护和治理效果较好。 相似文献
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西安大气SO_2/NO_x污染时空变化的分析 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
依据SO2和NOX监测数据,分析了近10年来西安大气污染时空变化,结果发现:①SO2、NOX的年内变化呈宽“U”字型,冬季1-2月和11-12月污染较为严重,夏半年4-9月浓度低,与月平均气温变化具有较好的反相关性;②12年来SO2、NO的年际变化呈明显的下降趋势,从1999年开始的“煤改气工程”收到了明显的环保效益,一、四季度SO2和NO的年际变化基本符合环境库茨聂兹曲线;③1996年以来,大气SO2和NO呈现明显的时空转化特征,工业区SO2、NO浓度大幅度下降,商业区和居住区的污染反而高于工业区,这反应了近年来产业结构调整、能源结构改变和区域发展速度的差异,应引起环保部门重视。 相似文献
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微咸水灌溉条件下施用不同改良剂对盐渍化土壤盐分离子分布的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
利用5种不同的土壤改良剂,对矿化度在2~3 g·L-1的微咸水灌溉棉田土壤进行改良效果研究。结果表明:五种改良剂均降低土壤p H值和总盐含量,并能有效控制土体Na+、Ca2+、SO42-、HCO3-积累;其中,磷石膏能显著降低土体Na+、Ca2+、SO42-总含量(P<0.05),DS1997能显著降低土体Na+、HCO3-总含量(P<0.05),酸碱平衡剂显著降低土体Ca2+、SO42-总含量(P<0.05),禾康改良剂有效控制土体SO42-、HCO3-含量;改良剂对土体中Cl-改良效果不显著(P>0.05)。研究得出:微咸水灌溉导致土壤p H值升高和含盐量增加,造成土壤盐分的积累;土壤改良剂可有效减少微咸水灌溉引起的盐分积累,改善土壤理化特性和盐分离子分布。 相似文献
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In a study of the relationship between carbon dioxide assimilation in the light, respiration in the dark, and temperature, the carbon dioxide content of air drawn over dwarf beans treated with lime sulphur or sulphur dust in light or darkness was continuously monitored coulometrically. Sulphur dust had only a negligible effect on carbon dioxide assimilation in the light or on respiration in the dark. Lime sulphur at 15 and 22°c also produced only small differences but at 30°c there were marked changes in net assimilation. Those treatments which caused changes in carbon dioxide assimilation in the light or respiration in the dark were directly associated with the degree of damage estimated visually. The method may be valuable for the detection of phytotoxic effects of other fungicides and insecticides. 相似文献
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通过1996~2005年金昌市大气环境监测资料的分析,对金昌市大气环境中主要的污染物质二氧化硫的时间及空间浓度变化规律、影响因素及主要监测点监测数据进行了研究,研究发现,市区二氧化硫污染物浓度随时间变化呈现明显的规律,空间分布特征明显。从工业二氧化硫排放量、风向与风速、城市功能区布局等方面分析成因后,提出了相应的防治对策。 相似文献
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Peter J. W. Saunders 《Pest management science》1973,4(4):589-595
This review of the effects of atmospheric pollution on leaf surface microflora commences with a brief look at the various pollutants and their dynamics, deposition and behaviour on the leaf surface. The indirect and direct effects of pollution on the microflora are then discussed. Considerable attention is paid to sulphur dioxide, especially to its effects as a gaseous pollutant and in solution on the leaf surface where it exhibits selective toxicity to individual members of the microflora. 相似文献
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In attempts to develop more rapid tests for phytotoxicity before the appearance of visual symptoms, the levels of pyruvic and a-oxo-glutaric acids were determined in leaves of dwarf bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) before and after treatment with a toxicant (lime sulphur). Efforts were also directed towards demonstrating the recovery of the initial photosynthetic processes by exposing plants to radio-active labelled carbon dioxide at various intervals after treatment and then measuring the quantities of radioactivity incorporated into the two acids. 相似文献
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Antony F. Machin Dennis E. Mundy Michael P. Quick Norman F. Janes 《Pest management science》1974,5(6):741-748
Pyrimithate (2-dimethylamino-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl diethyl phosphorothio-nate) decomposes when exposed to u.v. light in the presence of air to a complex mixture of products, some of which inhibit esterases directly or indirectly. Separation of the mixture by thin-layer and liquid chromatography gave five pure components in sufficient quantity for spectroscopic identification. A sixth was tentatively identified. The structures ( II-VII ) show that oxidative attack occurs at the dimethylamino group and at the sulphur atom. 相似文献
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Laura Scrano Franco Faretra Corrado Cariddi Emmanuele Antonacci Sabino A. Bufo 《Pest management science》1991,31(1):37-44
Dicarboximide fungicides were used in field treatments as well as in post-harvest fumigations on cold-stored table grapes. They proved to be highly effective against gray mould, a major disease during storage or transport of grapes, and a valuable alternative to sulphur dioxide within one month after harvesting. Residues of the fungicides were determined through gas-chromatographic analysis on grapes field-sprayed with dichlozolinate, iprodione, procymidone or vinclozolin, and on grapes exposed to post-harvest treatments with new smoke formulations of procymidone and vinclozolin. In most cases, residue levels were lower than those allowed by Italian sanitary laws. Post-harvest fumigations caused only a slight increase of residue levels as compared to field applications. 相似文献
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不同温度和水分小麦中不同谷蠹发生状态时二氧化碳变化研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
［目的］ 研究不同储藏温度、粮食含水量条件下,粮食、微生物、储粮害虫谷蠹与二氧化碳浓度变化的对应关系,以期为通过检测气体监测害虫发生提供参考依据。 ［方法］ 在20、25、30 ℃下检测含水量分别为12%、13%和14%的小麦样品感染谷蠹后不同时间的二氧化碳浓度,并与自然带菌无虫和灭菌无虫小麦进行比较。［结果］ 在前期30 d中,感染害虫（10头/kg）的小麦中二氧化碳浓度明显大于自然带菌和灭菌无虫样品,其中12%含水量,25 ℃感染害虫小麦中二氧化碳浓度最高达2.676%,自然带菌样品中为0.214%,灭菌样品中为0.148%。二氧化碳浓度随温度升高及粮食水分增大而显著升高。［结论］ 二氧化碳浓度与粮食中害虫发生状况显著相关,一定条件下可通过检测二氧化碳浓度了解储粮粮情和害虫发生状态。 相似文献
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栗钙土中硫以有机态为主，约占全硫的９３．５％，有机态碳 硫约占有机硫的７７．３％。围栏封育提高了土壤中的有机Ｃ、Ｎ含量，使各种形态硫的绝对含量增，但占全比例变化不大。有机Ｓ增加量可解释全Ｓ增加的９６．７％，其中Ｃ－Ｓ可解释全Ｓ增加５６．７％。围栏封育提高了土壤的我行我素Ｓ量，加速硫的转，土壤的供Ｓ能力，而且使有机物性质发生变化，表现在围栏内外有机Ｓ形态与有机Ｃ、Ｎ变化规律的不一致上。 相似文献
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Summary. When paraquat was added to four different soils, nitrification was not appreciably affected but ammonification of soil organic-matter nitrogen was slightly retarded. Carbon dioxide evolution as well as oxygen consumption was used as an index of metabolic activity of soil micro-organisms and paraquat had a stimulatory effect at higher concentrations. Oxidation of added sulphur was slightly depressed. Paraquat decreased both the total mould and bacterial populations in Chehalis silt loam. After 30 days incubation the percentages of Streptomyces and Penicillia were markedly increased by most treatments but were little affected in Chehalis silt clay and Woodburn soils. Except for the temporary suppression of nitrification, paraquat had no significant influence on general microbial activities of importance to soil fertility. Some bimodal effects or toxicity inversions were observed with intermediate concentrations. Effet du paraquat sur les activités microbiennes dans les sols 相似文献