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1.
C. Royo 《Grass and Forage Science》1997,52(1):63-72
Two field experiments were carried out under irrigation and high fertility in northeastern Spain during 1992 and 1993. Ten triticale genotypes, five of spring growth habit and five winter types, were tested for their suitability for both forage and grain. Forage removal reduced grain yield per plant by about 17%, but did not have any significant effect on plant density, ear density or tiller number per plant. Tiller mortality was greater in winter types (65%) than in spring triticales (25%), but was not affected by cutting. Decreases in grain yield following cutting could be attributed to reductions in the number of grains per spike and kernel weight. Cutting decreased the number of grains per spike by about 9% by reducing the two components, spikelets per head and grains per spikelet. The average spike length was 10·6 cm in the uncut treatment and 10·1 cm in the dual-purpose plots. Cutting reduced thousand kernel weight by about 7% in winter triticales, and around 10% in spring types, both in main spike and in first tiller. The effect of a forage harvest on yield components was in general similar for both types of triticale. Cutting when jointing commenced induced changes in the relative importance of yield components influencing future grain yield. The yield components reduced by cutting were the most important contributors to grain yield after forage removal. 相似文献
2.
The effect of forage removal on the growth of five winter and five spring triticale genotypes was studied in 1992 and 1993 in field experiments in north-eastern Spain. When cut, winter triticales produced more biomass and leaf area than spring types owing to their higher tillering capacity. The leaf area index (LAI) at anthesis was similar in both groups in both clipped and uncut plots, but spring triticales had a greater leaf area on the main stem than winter types. Winter types had a greater leaf area on the tillers than spring types. Spring and winter types had a similar physiological response to forage removal, except for modifications in flag leaf area. In spring types triticale flag leaf area was reduced by clipping, whereas in winter types flag leaf area was increased. Forage removal resulted in less dry-matter accumulation in all plant parts, maximum weight of the plant being reduced by about 20% and the rate of growth by around 13%. LAI at anthesis decreased by 37% as a result of clipping, and the leaf area duration from anthesis to maturity decreased by 36%. The duration of growth increased after clipping. Heading, anthesis and maturity dates were delayed by clipping, but grain filling duration was not affected. 相似文献
3.
In field experiments conducted over 2 years, triticale was compared with barley, bread wheat and oats for its dual-purpose (forage and grain) capability.
The effect of spring forage removal on grain yield ranged from small yield increases (in the triticale and barley genotypes that otherwise lodged) to a 53% decrease, and was dependent on species, genotype, stage of development when cut, and time for recovery before grain harvest. A key factor influencing grain yield after early cutting was the number of spikes that developed.
The complete types of triticale were better than the one substituted type tested for dual purpose but, as there is variability among them, selection for good mixed aptitude is possible.
The production of the best triticale averaged over 2 years 3 t of forage DM ha-1 (with 684 kg of crude protein ha-1 ) and then 4–3 t of grain ha-1 . In this instance, neither the grain yield nor the number of spikes per plant were reduced after clipping, in spite of the fact that the shoot apices were removed.
Plant height and lodging were reduced by a forage cut. In triticale, the number of days to heading was increased even more when the cut was late, but no effect was observed in barley. 相似文献
The effect of spring forage removal on grain yield ranged from small yield increases (in the triticale and barley genotypes that otherwise lodged) to a 53% decrease, and was dependent on species, genotype, stage of development when cut, and time for recovery before grain harvest. A key factor influencing grain yield after early cutting was the number of spikes that developed.
The complete types of triticale were better than the one substituted type tested for dual purpose but, as there is variability among them, selection for good mixed aptitude is possible.
The production of the best triticale averaged over 2 years 3 t of forage DM ha
Plant height and lodging were reduced by a forage cut. In triticale, the number of days to heading was increased even more when the cut was late, but no effect was observed in barley. 相似文献
4.
《Field Crops Research》1995,44(1):1-11
In many rainfed regions of Euro-Mediterranean countries, current political and socio-economic developments demand research in alternative production systems to the common cereal grain monoculture. We studied the option of producing forage in winter by growing cereals for dual purpose (forage plus grain) in a Mediterranean environment. The effect of clipping on forage and grain production was assessed between 1987 and 1990 at Granada, southern Spain, in four cereal cultivars, and in one barley cultivar under three sowing systems.Winter forage yield of cereals, all clipped once at the stage of lemma primordia, was highly variable (25 to 311 g m−2 of herbage dry matter), with considerable differences among cultivars, sowing systems and seasons. Treatments that had higher forage production were those of either longer crop duration before clipping date (with higher leaf numbers on the main stem and tiller numbers per plant) or higher plant density. Forage production was not related to grain yield reductions due to winter clipping.Averaged over cultivars, sowing systems and seasons, clipping reduced grain yield by 1%, but yielded some 127 g m−2 of dry matter per season in a period of pasture shortage. Nevertheless, the responses to winter clipping differed among seasons. In 1987/88, clipped cereals produced more dry matter and grain than the control. In contrast, in the last two seasons, clipping reduced dry matter and grain production. Early sowing modified the response to clipping in these last two seasons. Grain yield of early sown barley was not reduced by clipping in 1988/89 and was even increased in 1989/90.The dual-purpose target for cereals could be an alternative to traditional grain monoculture in some Mediterranean environments, provided that adaptations of the traditional crop management to dual purpose, such as the optimization of sowing date and cultivar, are undertaken. 相似文献
5.
为了提高小麦的水分利用效率,并为小麦高产优质栽培提供参考,以强筋小麦品种皖麦38为材料,按小麦叶龄指标设计了9个时期的灌水试验,研究了灌水时期对强筋小麦产量和品质的影响。结果表明,皖麦38主穗的籽粒粗蛋白含量随灌水时期的推迟逐渐降低,主要分蘖穗籽粒粗蛋白含量随灌水时期的变化趋势与主穗一致;皖麦38各主要分蘖(1蘖～3蘖)穗的籽粒粗蛋白含量高于主茎穗。春4叶前的灌水处理对穗数的增加有利,春5叶至孕穗期的灌水处理对提高穗粒数有利,孕穗期至灌浆前期的灌水处理更有利于千粒重的提高,灌水时期推迟至灌浆中期会对籽粒产量造成不利影响。籽粒产量随灌水时期推迟呈增加趋势,但灌水推迟至灌浆中期会对籽粒产量造成不利影响。灌浆期进行灌水处理会使沉降值和干、湿面筋含量下降。 相似文献
6.
刈割期对多棱饲料大麦饲草及籽粒产量与品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为探明大麦饲草与籽粒双收的适宜刈割期,以六棱皮大麦皖饲麦2号为材料,设不刈割(T0)及分蘖期(T1)、拔节期(T2)、孕穗期(T3)分别进行一次刈割4个处理,比较了两年度不同刈割期大麦饲草、籽粒产量及品质的差异。结果表明,随刈割期后移,皖饲麦2号饲草产量显著增加;饲草粗蛋白、粗灰分、钙、磷含量显著下降,粗纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维含量显著增加,即饲草品质显著下降。籽粒产量受刈割期影响大,与T0相比,两年度T1期刈割籽粒产量无显著变化,T2、T3期刈割则籽粒产量显著下降;而品质受影响小。说明T1期刈割,可达到饲草与籽粒双收目标,且饲草品质好;在生产中要保障一定的籽粒产量,T2期后应停止刈割。 相似文献
7.
冬春季夜间增温对冬小麦植株氮代谢和籽粒蛋白质形成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确非对称性增温对小麦籽粒品质的影响及其机理,以不同品质类型的扬麦13（弱筋）和烟农19（中筋）为材料,采用大田模拟增温的方法研究了冬春季夜间增温对小麦籽粒蛋白质形成的影响及其与植株氮代谢的关系。结果表明,冬季增温（WT）、春季增温（ST）及冬春季持续增温（WST）均不同程度地提高了冬小麦籽粒蛋白质、麦谷蛋白大聚合体（GMP）、高分子量和低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基含量,且均以WST处理效应最大。同时,各增温处理对籽粒谷蛋白含量的提高幅度最大,并提高了谷醇比。各夜间增温处理均增加了开花期旗叶面积,提高了氮含量,增强了孕穗至花后21 d旗叶的硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）活性,说明夜间增温促进了叶片生长,增强了植株氮素同化能力。夜间增温处理显著提高了小麦植株氮素积累量及贮存氮素转运量,从而增加了氮素向籽粒的分配,促进了籽粒蛋白质合成。因此,冬春季夜间增温提高了小麦氮素吸收同化能力及氮素在籽粒中的分配比例,从而提高小麦籽粒蛋白质含量,且冬春季持续增温对籽粒蛋白质形成有更大的促进效应。 相似文献
8.
为探究适宜于高寒区青稞多元化利用最佳刈割留茬高度,以昆仑14号、昆仑18号和柴青1号为试验材料,以未刈割为对照(CK),于分蘖盛期开展不同留茬高度的刈割处理,探究留茬高度对青稞农艺性状、籽粒产量、饲草产量及营养品质的影响。结果表明,随着刈割留茬高度的降低,各青稞品种青苗饲草产量均呈逐渐增加的趋势;青苗中粗蛋白含量呈逐渐降低趋势,而纤维类物质含量呈逐渐升高的趋势,使青苗相对饲喂价值显著降低。各青稞品种秸秆饲草产量随刈割留茬高度的降低而降低,且降幅随留茬高度的降低而增大。刈割使青稞秸秆中粗蛋白含量增多,纤维类物质含量减少,相对饲喂价值升高。留茬8 cm有助于促进青稞穗部、茎部和根系的生长发育,使籽粒产量升高;留茬5 cm会抑制青稞各器官的生长发育,使籽粒产量锐减。各品种在留茬8 cm时综合经济产值最高,其中昆仑14号综合经济产值最高,为2.86×104元·hm-2。参试材料中,昆仑14号为高寒区最适用于粮饲兼用的青稞品种,8 cm为适宜于青稞饲草与籽粒兼收的最佳刈割留茬高度。 相似文献
9.
Grain composition of Virginia winter barley and implications for use in feed,food, and biofuels production 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Carl Griffey Wynse Brooks Michael Kurantz Wade Thomason Frank Taylor Don Obert Robert Moreau Rolando Flores Miryeong Sohn Kevin Hicks 《Journal of Cereal Science》2010
Grain compositional components impacting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) use in food, feed and fuel products, must be combined with improved agronomic traits to produce a commercially viable barley cultivar. Little current information is available on grain composition and variability among winter barley genotypes. This study was conducted to determine the variability among modern hulled and hulless winter barley genotypes in grain composition. Barley types varied significantly in grain and kernel weight, starch, beta-glucan, oil and ash content, but not in protein concentration. Hulless barley had significantly higher grain test weight and starch concentration than hulled and malting types, and significantly higher beta-glucan than malting barley. Hulless barley had significantly lower kernel weights, oil, and ash concentrations than hulled and malting types. Higher starch and lower fiber and ash in grain of hulless barley versus hulled feed or malting type barley are characteristics that increase hulless barley desirability. Selection for high starch concentration among all barley types is feasible and will facilitate development of barley cultivars better suited for use in feed, malt, and ethanol production. 相似文献
10.
The effects of heat stress on the potentially health-beneficial compounds of two old durum wheat genotypes, Timilia and Cappelli and a more recent cultivar, Claudio, were analysed following sowing in winter and in spring. Grain profiling was performed for content of: resistant and not-resistant starch, carotenoids, tripeptide glutathione, GSH and glutathione disulfide, GSSG. Hydrophilic and lipophilic grain extracts were analysed for polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity using two in-vitro assays: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical quenching and Fremy's salt radical quenching. The antioxidant activities of hydrophilic and lipophilic extracts determined by the two tests were not related. ANOVA and multivariate discriminant analyses showed that genotypic effects had the most significant role in the determination of grain quality. Spring sowing increased the lipophilic/hydrophilic polyphenol ratio, across all of the genotypes. It also enhanced the content of resistant starch (+68%) for Claudio and GSH (+14%) for Timilia. In contrast, if sown in winter rather than spring, Cappelli accumulated more carotenoids (+8.6%) and Timilia accumulated more resistant starch (+81%). Spring sowing had a detrimental effect on yield, but a positive effect on 1000 kernel weight. Consequently, it may lead to a net accumulation of healthy substances and not a relative increase due to grain shrivelling. 相似文献
11.
为探明小麦叶片与非叶光合器官对不同穗位和粒位籽粒发育的影响,以济麦22为试验材料,开花期设置剪叶、包穗、包茎等7种处理,分析了不同处理下不同穗位和粒位粒数、粒重和蛋白质含量的差异。结果表明,小麦穗对穗上部和下部弱势粒数影响显著,与叶片共同作用对穗上部强势粒数及穗中部和下部粒数,以及与茎和叶片共同作用对穗上部粒数、穗中部和下部弱势粒数均影响显著;穗对不同穗位强势粒重和穗上部弱势粒重影响显著,旗叶对穗中部和下部强势粒重、穗上部和中部强势粒重及穗下部粒重影响显著;包穗、剪旗叶和剪倒二叶处理显著提高穗上部强势粒及穗中部和下部籽粒蛋白质含量;剪倒三叶和剪倒四叶+剪倒五叶处理显著提高穗下部强势粒蛋白质含量;同一穗位的强势粒蛋白质含量大于弱势粒,不同穗位籽粒的平均蛋白质含量表现为穗下部穗中部穗上部;同一穗位的弱势粒蛋白质含量变异系数大于强势粒,穗上部的籽粒蛋白质含量变异系数大于穗中部和下部。因此,建议小麦育种中应注重穗光合选择,适当增加小穗排数,减少高穗位粒数,可能是提高小麦产量潜力和改善品质的重要途径。 相似文献
12.
湘饲纤兼用苎1号是从地方品种咸丰大叶绿的自然变异单株中系统选育的新品种,既可以作为饲用苎麻栽培也可以作为常规纤维用苎麻栽培。2年5点饲用区域试验结果显示:鲜产量为123148.9~138624.7kg/hm^2,平均鲜产量131936.9kg/hm^2,比对照增产17.15%~20.34%,且丰产稳产性好;粗蛋白含量在22.5%,优于对照,粗纤维含量18.5%、粗脂肪含量6.5%、灰分含量13.6%、钙含量3.6%,均低于对照,磷含量0.4%左右,与对照无差异。纤维用区域试验结果显示:平均纤维产量2599.5kg/hm2,比对照平均值低5.2%左右;生产试验平均纤维产量为2676kg/hm2,减产6.5%以内;平均纤维支数2394.8支,比对照湘苎3号和中苎1号分别提高15.22%、22.06%。表明湘饲纤兼用苎1号是一个高产优质的饲纤兼用苎麻新品种。 相似文献
13.
Perennial ryegrass/white clover pastures were grazed at different times in the winter to study the effect of time of grazing on subsequent plant growth. In 1983–84, 1984–85, and 1985–86, pastures were grazed to a residual of 400 kg dry matter ha-1 by sheep once in early December (D), January (J), February (F), March (M), or April (A) and compared with an ungrazed control (C). Rates of herbage accumulation on C in the winter were low, averaging 6, -9, and 2 kg dry matter ha-1 in December, January, and February, respectively. Little forage production occurred during the month immediately following winter grazing. Herbage accumulation rate then increased sufficiently to replace the forage removed from winter-grazed paddocks by early spring. By May, herbage mass on grazed treatments was similar to C except for D and A which averaged 20 and 47% less forage than C, respectively (P<0·01). Herbage accumulation rates of D were unique among winter grazing treatments in never exceeding those of C. By May 1986, D yielded less perennial ryegrass compared with C (P<0·05). Grazing reduced the number of leaves per ryegrass tiller for 1 to 2 months following grazing. By May, J, F and M had numerically more tillers m-2 and more leaves per tiller than C. Similar May yields of J, F, M, and C resulted from fewer but larger and slightly less leafy tillers of ungrazed compared with winter grazed plants. 相似文献
14.
《Field Crops Research》1995,44(1):13-24
Water use of barley (Hordeum distichon L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) grown for the dual purpose of forage plus grain as an alternative to traditional grain monoculture (control) was assessed at Granada, southern Spain, in two experiments during three cropping years.No significant differences in seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) and soil water depletion at maturity were found between production targets, irrespective of genotype, sowing date and year. A more efficient use of autumn and winter rainfall explained the higher water use observed in 1989/90 in early sown barley as compared to the normal sowing date.There were differences in water-use efficiency (WUE) between seasons in response to clipping: in 1987/88, clipping increased WUE in both experiments relative to the control, while it either reduced it (genotype experiment) or did not affect it (sowing system experiment) in the two following seasons. The response of WUE to clipping was a consequence of similar, differential responses between years observed in dry matter and grain production.Weather-crop interactions caused variable drought and crop water-use patterns among years, which affected the different responses to clipping observed among years. In 1987/88, the crops experienced a prolonged drought period that started around clipping, and increased in severity until anthesis, when spring rains improved growth conditions for some weeks. Forage removal decreased water use and reduced plant water deficit, therefore allowing for enhanced growth and increased water use around anthesis. Thus, clipped cereals had higher grain numbers, dry matter and grain yield than the control at harvest. However, the water-use partitioning observed in the clipping-anthesis period of 1987/88 did not occur in following two seasons. This was possibly due to higher soil evaporation losses after forage removal for clipped cereals in 1988/89, and higher water availability in the clipping-anthesis period in 1989/90. Thus, clipping, by reducing the photosynthetic surface after forage removal, yielded less biomass and grain, and resulted in lower WUE, relative to the control.Winter forage production was associated to ET in 1987/88 and 1989/90, and to WUE in 1988/89 and 1989/90, during the crop phases prior to clipping. However, the increases in ET did not imply lower water availability for subsequent crop phases, as it was the result of more efficient use of autumn and winter rainfall. 相似文献
15.
行距配置对高产冬小麦籽粒灌浆特性及淀粉和蛋白质积累的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究不同行距配置对小麦籽粒发育及淀粉和蛋白质积累的影响,以4个高产冬小麦品种为材料,在河南浚县农业科学研究所超高产攻关田研究了不同行距配置下小麦籽粒灌浆特性及淀粉、蛋白质的积累动态.结果表明,高产小麦籽粒中可溶性糖含量下降与淀粉含量的增加趋势基本吻合,宽窄行种植模式(S1)籽粒中可溶性糖含量较高,且转化利用较快,促进了籽粒淀粉积累.从行距配置看.周麦22籽粒蛋白质含量以等行距种植模式(S2)较高,偃展4110和矮抗58均以S1较高,而豫麦49-198在两种种植模式下无明显差异.籽粒灌浆速率、千粒重和产量则表现为豫麦49-198、周麦22和矮抗58均以S较高,而偃展4110以S2较高.灌浆模型分析表明,灌浆持续天数和最大灌浆速率出现时间是行距配置影响粒重的主要因素. 相似文献
16.
2007～2008年，连续2 a对7个饲用苎麻新品系的生长动态、草产量及其饲用品质进行了研究。结果表明：参试品系再生能力均极强，年均刈青10次，单兜分蘖数随刈青次数增加而增加，年均单兜分蘖数最高的达28株；草产量主要集中在4～10月，年鲜草和粗蛋白产量均以1号饲用苎麻品系最高，分别达318.8 t/hm2和12.15 t/hm2，与其他品系差异达极显著，2号品系次之；7个参试品系在平均草层70 cm的粗蛋白含量达20 %以上的有5个，相对饲用价值均可达100 %以上；综合评价为1号和2号2个品系表现最好。 相似文献
17.
冬小麦碳氮积累、转运和籽粒产量对小花发育期追氮的响应 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
为给冬小麦高产优质栽培过程中氮肥的合理调控提供参考依据,通过河南郑州和兰考两点大田试验,分别在总施氮量240和180 kg·hm-2下,以全部基施为对照,进行基施和追施各50%施氮处理［追肥时期分别在返青期(二棱末期)、返青后10 d(护颖原基分化期)、20 d(雌雄蕊原基分化期)和30 d(雌蕊凹期)］,探讨了小花发育期施氮对两种穗型冬小麦碳、氮积累和转运及产量构成的影响。结果表明,在小花发育期追施氮肥均有利于花前碳、氮的贮藏积累和转运,且兰考矮早8品种贮藏碳、氮转运对籽粒的贡献率分别高于对照处理4.49和3.98个百分点,而豫麦49198品种分别高于对照处理1.68和0.47个百分点;两个品种花前贮藏氮素转运对籽粒的贡献率分别高于碳素42.97和38.47个百分点。在本试验条件下,在小花雌雄蕊原基分化期追施氮肥增加了兰考矮早8的千粒重和豫麦49198的穗粒数,且追肥处理的穗粒数、千粒重和籽粒产量显著高于其他处理,氮素积累和转运的增加也显著提高了籽粒蛋白质含量和产量。根据本研究结果,在总施氮量180~240 kg·hm-2下,采取基施和小花雌雄蕊原基分化期追施氮肥各50%,提高了籽粒产量和蛋白质产量。 相似文献
18.
为给新疆春小麦籽粒性状和磨粉品质的遗传改良提供理论依据,对386份新疆春小麦材料(55个地方品种、207个自育材料和124个引进材料)的籽粒性状与磨粉品质及其关系进行了研究。结果表明,不同来源春小麦材料的籽粒性状和磨粉品质各有优劣。386份供试材料的千粒重为37.48 g,容重为737.76 g·L~(-1),籽粒硬度为54.71,粒径为2.88 mm,籽粒蛋白含量为15.95%,出粉率为53.06%,灰分为0.54%,L~*值为96.86,a~*值为-1.16,b~*值为9.83。整体而言,籽粒蛋白质含量、L~*值较高;籽粒硬度较低,a~*值和b~*值较高,三者的变异系数较大,分别为22.26%、25.86%和15.67%,具有较好的改良潜力。籽粒性状与磨粉品质关系密切,其中千粒重、粒径与灰分含量呈极显著负相关,籽粒硬度、籽粒蛋白含量与灰分含量呈显著正相关,千粒重、粒径与L~*值呈显著负相关,与a~*值呈显著正相关,籽粒硬度与a~*值呈显著负相关,容重、粒径与b~*值呈显著或极显著正相关。昌春3号、伊春4号、中作8131、新春26号、新春33号等可用于新疆春小麦籽粒性状和磨粉品质改良的优选品种(系)。 相似文献
19.
为明确中国生产上糯小麦品种的主要性状及其演化规律,以2005-2022年已经审定的44个糯小麦品种为材料,对其主要农艺性状和品质性状进行了分析评价。结果表明：(1)春性品种和冬性品种的生育期变异系数分别为19.75%和4.03%,其余四个被测性状变异系数从大到小依次为产量、穗粒数、千粒重、株高,产量的变异系数均大于20%。(2)春性品种和冬性品种4个品质性状的变异系数均表现为湿面筋含量>粗蛋白含量>容重>支链淀粉含量,除紫糯麦1号外,其余糯小麦品种的支链淀粉含量均≥97%。(3)通过聚类分析,将44个糯小麦品种分为3大类,Ⅰ类包含28个品种,占总数的64%,产量和品质中等;Ⅱ类包含11个品种,占总数的25%,具有较高产量和品质;Ⅲ类含5个品种,占总数的11%,产量和品质偏低。 相似文献
20.
Intercropped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and bean (Vicia faba L.) as a whole-crop forage: effect of harvest time on forage yield and quality 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract Sole crops and intercrops of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and bean (Vicia faba L.), at three harvest dates, representing successive growth stages, were evaluated for biomass production of whole‐crop forage and quality characteristics of crude protein (CP), neutral‐detergent fibre (NDF), acid‐detergent fibre (ADF), water‐soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations and ash content. These tests were carried out for two field experiments, respectively, drilled during the spring of 1997 and autumn of 1997 on Imperial College Farm, Wye, UK. Results indicated that optimum forage yield and quality were obtained from the second to third harvest dates for the spring‐drilled experiment and the second harvest for the autumn‐drilled experiment. Wheat and bean intercrops were higher in total forage dry matter (DM) yield than either wheat or bean grown as sole crops. Field bean intercropped with wheat led to increased forage quality (CP and NDF concentrations) compared with sole wheat, and higher WSC concentrations compared with sole bean. Intercrops also enhanced weed suppression compared with sole bean. It is suggested that winter wheat–bean intercrops may have considerable potential as a moderate‐yielding, relatively high‐quality, low‐input and environmentally benign forage crop with considerable potential with regard to yield and quality and warrant further study. 相似文献