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1.
Porcine carcass traits and organ weights have important economic roles in the swine industry. A total of 576 animals from a Large White×Minzhu intercross population were genotyped using the Illumina PorcineSNP60K Beadchip and were phenotyped for 10 traits, specifically, backfat thickness (6-7 libs), carcass length, carcass weight, foot weight, head weight, heart weight, leaf fat weight, liver weight, lung weight and slaughter body weight. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) was assessed by Genome Wide Rapid Association using the mixed model and regression-genomic control approach. A total of 31 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (with the most significant SNP being MARC0033464, P value=6.80×10-13) were located in a 9.76-Mb (31.24-41.00 Mb) region on SSC7 and were found to be significantly associated with one or more carcass traits and organ weights. High percentage of phenotypic variance explanation was observed for each trait ranging from 31.21 to 67.42%. Linkage analysis revealed one haplotype block of 495 kb, in which the most significant SNP being MARC0033464 was contained, on SSC7 at complete linkage disequilibrium. Annotation of the pig reference genome suggested 6 genes (GRM4, HMGA1, NUDT3, RPS10, SPDEF and PACSIN1) in this candidate linkage disequilibrium (LD) interval. Functional analysis indicated that the HMGA1 gene presents the prime biological candidate for carcass traits and organ weights in pig, with potential application in breeding programs.  相似文献   

2.
Red blood cells play an essential role in the immune system. Moreover, red blood cell count(RBC) is an important clinical indicator of various diseases, including anemia, type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Thus, it is necessary to reveal the genetic mechanism of RBC for animal disease resistance breeding. However, quite a few studies had focused on porcine RBC, especially at different stages. Thus, studies on porcine RBC at different stages are needed for disease resistant breeding. In this study, the porcine RBC of 20-, 33-, and 80-day old were measured, and genetic parameter estimation and genome-wide association study(GWAS) were both performed. As a result, the heritability was about 0.6 at the early stages, much higher than that at 80 days. Nine novel genome wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), located at Sus scrofa chromosome(SSC)3, 4, 8, 9, 10 and 15, respectively, were identified. Further, TGFβ2, TMCC2 and PPP1 R15 B genes were identified as important candidate genes of porcine red blood cell count. So different SNPs and candidate genes were found significantly associated with porcine RBC at different stages, suggesting that different genes might play key roles on porcine RBC at different stages. Overall, new evidences were offered in this study for the genetic bases of animal RBC, and that the SNPs and candidate genes would be useful for disease resistant breeding of pig.  相似文献   

3.
Erhualian (E), Meishan (MS) and Mi (MI) pigs are excellent indigenous pig breeds in Chinese Taihu Basin, which have made great contributions to the genetic improvement of commercial pigs. Investigation of the genetic structure and inbreeding level of the 3 pig breeds is of great significance for the sustainable breeding of commercial pigs. The length and number of runs of homozygosity (ROH) as well as the frequency of genomes covered by ROH can be used as indicators to evaluate the level of inbreeding and the origin of the population. In this study, the ROH characteristics of E, MS, MI and Landrace (L) pigs were analyzed by SLAF-seq data, and the inbreeding coefficient based on ROH (FROH) was calculated. In addition, we have identified candidate genes in the genomic regions associated with ROH. A total of 10568 ROH were detected in 116 individuals of 4 pig breeds. The analysis showed that there were significant differences in genetic structure between 3 Taihu Basin pig breeds and L, and the genetic structure of E and MI was similar. The results of FROH showed that the inbreeding level of MS was the highest (0.25±0.07), while E and MI were lower than L. Compared with the other 3 pig populations, MS showed a higher frequency of long ROH (>5 Mb), indicating higher inbreeding in MS in recent generations. A large number of candidate genes related to reproductive traits are located in the genomic regions with a high frequency of ROH, and these genes are expected to be used as candidate genes in marker-assisted selection (MAS) breeding programs. Our findings can provide theoretical support for genetic conservation and genetic improvement of 3 pig breeds in Chinese Taihu Basin.  相似文献   

4.
Meat quality is an important trait in the pig industry. To identify genomic regions and haplotype blocks responsible for meat quality traits in pigs, a genome-wide association study was conducted for five traits including intramuscular fat content, pH at 45 min and 24 h, drip loss within 24 h and water-holding capacity in 231 Yorkshire barrows using illumina porcine 60k SNP chips. The results showed that a total of 344 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were significantly associated with five meat quality traits (P<1×10-4). Moreover, 323 SNPs were within the reported QTL regions, of which 21 were novel. Also, 158 SNPs fell into the proximal region of meat quality related genes. In addition, 25 haplotype blocks based on 116 SNPs were revealed with SNP combination patterns for five traits. Our study added new SNP information for identification of meat quality traits in pigs and will help elucidate the mechanisms of meat quality in pigs.  相似文献   

5.
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6.
王怡悦  刘红  徐姚 《南方农业学报》2022,53(10):2701-2713
【目的】构建凡纳滨对虾高密度遗传连锁图谱,并对生长相关性状进行QTL定位,筛选出生长性状相关候选基因,为后续开展凡纳滨对虾分子标记辅助育种、生长相关功能基因精细定位研究等提供理论依据。【方法】以耐低盐选育凡纳滨对虾为父本,厄瓜多尔野生凡纳滨对虾为母本,单尾交配,以2个亲本及150个F1代个体为作图群体,通过2b-RAD测序挖掘SNP分子标记并构建遗传连锁图谱;结合生长性状表型数据,使用MapQTL 6.0在构建的遗传连锁图谱上对体质量、全长、体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、头胸甲高等13个生长相关性状进行QTL定位。筛选QTL区间SNP分子标记附近的基因,经GO功能注释及KEGG信号通路富集分析,挖掘生长相关候选基因;并采用实时荧光定量PCR检测候选基因在凡纳滨对虾不同组织及不同群体间的表达情况。【结果】构建的凡纳滨对虾遗传连锁图谱包括3136个SNPs标记,分布在44个连锁群上;总图谱全长为5430.54 cM,平均图距为1.73 cM。生长性状QTL定位共产生79个生长性状相关QTLs,LOD范围为3.00~11.04,可解释的表型变异范围为9.0%~28.8%。根据GO功能注释及KEGG信号通路富集分析结果,最终筛选出4个生长相关候选基因（TOB2、CRAT、CCT6、KLF4）。4个候选基因在凡纳滨对虾各组织中均普遍表达,且CCT6、KLF4和TOB2基因在耐低盐选育家系群体中的相对表达量均高于常规的凡纳滨对虾群体,其中CCT6基因表达差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。【结论】基于2b-RAD技术构建的凡纳滨对虾遗传连锁图谱鉴定出79个与生长性状相关的QTLs,并筛选出4个与凡纳滨对虾生长性状相关的候选基因（CCT6、KLF4、TOB2和CRAT）。可见,以2b-RAD技术结合QTL定位能高效、快捷挖掘出凡纳滨对虾生长性状相关候选基因,为开展分子标记辅助育种、生长相关功能基因精细定位研究等提供技术支持。  相似文献   

7.
Reproduction trait plays an important role in pig production.Identification of molecular markers that are linked to litter size may contribute to the genetic development of porcine reproduction traits.In this study,porcine ring finger protein 4(pRNF4) and Matrix metalloproteinase 9(pMMP-9) were selected as candidate genes on the basis of their physiological roles in reproduction.Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms(416CTin pRNF4 and-1257GA inpMMP-9) that could be detected by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) were discovered and tested for statistical associations with litter size traits in three populations.For416CT,TT genotype was associated with a significantly higher(p0.05) number of live births than those recorded for CC sows and the additive effect was significant(p0.05) in Qingping and Min Pigs populations in later parities.For-1257GA,inconsistent results were found in three populations.The results suggested that T allele in pRNF4 gene might confer a high prolificacy in breeding and further studies were needed to confirm the results.  相似文献   

8.
Birth weight(BW) and days to 100 kg(D100) are important economic traits that are both affected by polygenes. However, the genetic architecture of these quantitative traits is still elusive. Genotyping-by-sequencing(GBS) data containing a large number of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) have become a powerful tool in genomic analysis. To better understand their complex genetic structure, a total of 600 Yorkshire pigs were sequenced using GBS technology. After quality control, 279 787 SNPs were generated for subsequent genome-wide association study(GWAS). A total of 30 genome-wide SNPs(P1.79 E–07) were identified for D100. Furthermore, a total of 22 and 2 suggestive SNPs(P3.57 E–06) were detected for D100 and BW, respectively. Of these, one locus located on SSC12(position: 46 226 512 bp) were evaluated to affect both BW and D100 in Yorkshire pigs, indicating the pleiotropism in different traits. Considering the function of candidate genes, two genes, NSRP1 and DOCK7, were suggested as the most promising candidate genes involved in growth traits. Thus, use of GBS is able to identify novel variants and potential candidate genes for BW and D100, and provide an opportunity for improving pig growth traits using genomic selection in pigs.  相似文献   

9.
猪肉品质候选基因研究进展   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  
肉品质性状改良是当今遗传育种界的研究热点之一。利用候选基因策略寻找影响肉质性状的主效基因,从而应用于猪的肉质改良,从分子遗传学角度来说是可行的。综述了与猪肉品质有关的基因:氟烷敏感基因(Hal)、猪酸肉基因(RN)、心脏脂肪酸结合蛋白基因(H-FABP)、激素敏感脂肪酶基因(HSL)和脂蛋白脂肪酶基因(LPL)的研究进展。  相似文献   

10.
种猪选育是指通过性能测定,选择表现优异的种猪个体进入核心群,配种后产生后代,并将优秀的遗传品质传给下一代的过程。选育的性状包括质量性状和数量性状。质量性状比较稳定,不易受环境条件的影响;它在群体内的分布是不连续的,杂交后代的个体可以进行明确分组,从而可以计算杂交子代各组个体的比率。数量性状易受环境的影响,在群体内的分布是连续的,它受微效多基因影响,也可能其中有主（效）基因。研究选择的性状大多属于具有经济价值的数量性状,品种选育就是一个加性效应的积累和促使对经济性状有利的基因纯合的过程。本文将从种猪性能测定的重要性出发,介绍种猪场内个体性能测定的技术,以期为种猪选育提供参考。  相似文献   

11.
We performed a genome-wide scan to detect selection signatures that showed evidence of positive selection in the domestication process by re-sequencing the whole genomes of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs. Fifteen annotated elements with 13 associated genes were identified using the Z-transformed FST(Z(FST)) method, and 208 annotated elements with 140 associated genes were identified using the Z-transformed heterozygosity(ZHp) method. The functional analysis and the results of previous studies showed that most of the candidate genes were associated with basic metabolism, disease resistance, cellular processes, and biochemical signals, and several were related to body morphology and organs. They included PPP3CA, which plays an essential role in the transduction of intracellular Ca~(2+)-mediated signals, and WWTR1, which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression. These results suggest that genes associated with body morphology were subject to selection pressure during domestication, whereas genes involved in basic metabolism and disease resistance were subject to selection during artificial breeding. Our findings provide new insights into the potential genetic variation of phenotypic diversity in different pig breeds and will help to better understand the selection effects of modern breeding in Landrace and Yorkshire pigs.  相似文献   

12.
The aim of this study was to detect evidence for signatures of recent selection in the Jinhua pig genome. These results can be useful to better understand the regions under selection in Jinhua pigs and might shed some lights on groups of genes that control production traits. In the present study, we performed extended haplotype homozygosity(EHH) tests to identify significant core regions in 202 Jinhua pigs. A total of 26 161 core regions spanning 636.42 Mb were identified, which occupied approximately 28% of the genome across all autosomes, and 1 158 significant(P0.01) core haplotypes were selected. Genes in these regions were related to several economically important traits, including meat quality, reproduction, immune responses and exterior traits. A panel of genes including ssc-mir-365-2, KDM8, RABEP2, GSG1L, RHEB, RPH3AL and a signal pathway of PI3K-Akt were detected with the most extreme P-values. The findings in our study could draw a comparatively genome-wide map of selection signature in the pig genome, and also help to detect functional candidate genes under positive selection for further genetic and breeding research in Jinhua and other pigs.  相似文献   

13.
 【目的】鉴定影响猪重要经济性状的QTL。【方法】利用中国地方猪种蓝塘猪（16头母猪）与外来品种长白猪（8头公猪）建立了资源家系,对257头F2代个体的11个活体性状进行测定。根据美国肉畜中心（USDA-MARC 2.0）公布的猪连锁图谱,在1、4和8号染色体上大约每间隔10—20 cM选择一个微卫星标记,共21个标记,采用ABI 377 DNA序列分析仪进行微卫星基因分型,运用QTL Express 软件包在http://latte.cap.ed.ac.uk网站在线分析,进行QTL定位分析。【结果】体高（body height,BodyHh）的QTL定位于SSC1的68 cM处,与标记SW2185（67.6cM）紧密联锁,达到染色体显著水平（P＜0.05）,解释表型变异的2.22%。体长（body length,BodyLh）的QTL定位于SSC4上的72cM处,位于标记SW839—SW0214,达到染色体显著水平（P＜0.05）。【结论】在猪1和4号染色体上分别检测到一个影响体高和体长的QTL,为今后的QTL精细定位、大片段功能基因的克隆分析、以及猪分子育种技术的应用提供参考依据。  相似文献   

14.
对猪全基因组高密度SNP基因型数据及生长性状表型数据进行全基因组关联分析,以期找到影响这些性状的候选基因,更准确地了解这些生长性状的遗传基础。利用Illumina猪60KSNP芯片对191头杜洛克猪进行基因型检测,使用R语言环境下GenABEL 软件包提供的单标记回归分析模型,对体重达100 kg 日龄(D100)、活体背膘厚(BFT)和活体眼肌面积(LMA)3个生长性状的表型分别进行全基因组关联分析。在D100和LMA2个性状中分别检测到1个基因组水平和6个染色体水平显著关联的SNP,均位于5号染色体;没有检测到与BFT显著相关的SNP。生物信息学分析表明,BTG1和EFCAB6可能是影响生长性状的重要候选基因,但其功能有待进一步研究确认。关键词猪;全基因组关联分析;候选基因;生产性状。  相似文献   

15.
Improving the production of broiler chicken meat has been a goal of broiler breeding programs worldwide for many years. However, the genetic architectures of skeletal muscle production traits in chickens have not yet been fully elucidated. In the present study, a total of 519 F2 birds, derived from a cross of Arbor Acres broiler and Baier layer, were re-sequenced (26 F0 individuals were re-sequenced at a 10-fold depth; 519 F2 individuals were re-sequenced at a 3-fold depth) and the coupling of genome-wide association study (GWAS) and selection signatures (FST (fixation index) and θπ (nucleotide diversity)) was carried out to pinpoint the associated loci and genes that contribute to pectoral muscle weight (PMW) and thigh muscle weight (TMW). A total of 7 890 258 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remained to be analyzed after quality control and imputation. The integration of GWAS and selection signature analyses revealed that genetic determinants responsible for skeletal muscle production traits were mainly localized on chromosomes 1 (168.95–172.43 Mb) and 4 (74.37–75.23 Mb). A total of 17 positional candidate genes (PCGs) (LRCH1, CDADC1, CAB39L, LOC112531568, LOC112531569, FAM124A, FOXO1, NBEA, GPALPP1, RUBCNL, ARL11, KPNA3, LHFP, GBA3, LOC112532426, KCNIP4, and SLIT2) were identified in these regions. In particular, KPNA3 and FOXO1 were the most promising candidates for meat production in chickens. These findings will help enhance our understanding of the genetic architecture of chicken muscle production traits, and the significant SNPs identified could be promising candidates for integration into practical breeding programs such as genome-wide selection (GS) to improve the meat yield of chickens.  相似文献   

16.
【目的】揭示鲁西牛ANGPTL6 (angiopoietin-like protein 6)基因的遗传变异特征,发现与鲁西牛生长性状显著相关的候选分子标记,为鲁西牛分子育种积累基础资料。【方法】以183头鲁西牛血样为材料,运用DNA池测序和PCR-RFLP等技术检测ANGPTL6基因的序列变异。【结果】检测到鲁西牛ANGPTL6基因内含子中3个新的SNPs。χ2检验表明这3个多态位点均处于哈代-温伯格平衡状态（P＞0.05）。遗传变异特征分析显示,T2359C 和 G3258T位点属于中度多态性,C2403A位点属于低度多态性。连锁不平衡和单倍型分析表明,鲁西牛ANGPTL6基因3个多态位点之间为弱连锁,单倍型TCG（野生型）属于优势单倍型（频率为44.3%）。方差分析表明,单个的SNP和不同SNPs之间的组合均与鲁西牛生长性状有着显著或极显著的关联,杂合型个体的生长性状指标均高于纯合型个体。【结论】鲁西牛ANGPTL6基因的3个SNPs与其生长性状显著相关,并且杂合基因型个体明显优于纯合基因型个体,此结果可以应用于鲁西牛的分子育种实践。  相似文献   

17.
【目的】谷子生育期及穗部性状是影响谷子品种适应性及产量的关键因素。通过对相关性状进行QTL定位分析,为探明谷子复杂产量性状的分子遗传机制奠定基础。【方法】以优良品种豫谷18和冀谷19为亲本构建的包含400个家系的RIL群体为试验材料,于2018—2019年分别在4个不同环境下调查谷子抽穗期、抽穗-成熟天数、全生育期及穗长、穗粗和单穗重等穗相关性状的表型值。同时,利用已构建的由1 304个bin标记组成的全长为2 196 cM,标记间平均距离为1.68 cM的高密度遗传连锁图谱。采用复合区间作图法（composite interval mapping,CIM）对生育期及穗部性状进行QTL定位分析,并对所获得的QTL置信区间进行候选基因的预测。【结果】重组自交系群体生育期及穗部性状在4个环境中均表现为连续分布且存在双向超亲分离现象,符合数量性状的遗传特征,适宜进行QTL分析。相关分析表明,谷子抽穗期与全生育期呈极显著正相关,与抽穗-成熟天数呈显著负相关,穗长与穗粗呈显著正相关。共检测到88个与谷子生育期及穗部性状相关的QTL,分布在第1、3、5、6、8和9染色体上。其中45个QTL与抽穗期相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的1.61%—27.60%;7个QTL与抽穗-成熟天数相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的2.65%—12.14%;20个QTL与全生育期相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的1.98%—16.97%;9个QTL与穗长相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的3.51%—11.65%;5个QTL与穗粗相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的3.74%—8.34%;2个QTL与单穗重相关,单个QTL能够解释表型变异的5.16%—5.20%。本研究共检测到12个主效QTL,其中,qEHD-9-1、qEHD-9-2、qHMD-9-2、qGRP-9-2和qPL-5-1在至少2个环境和BLUP值中被重复检测到。控制生育期的主效QTL（qEHD-9-1、qHMD-9-1、qGRP-9-1）与控制穗长的主效QTL（qPL-9-1）在第9染色体重叠;qEHD-9-2、qHMD-9-3、qGRP-9-2和qPL-9-3也在第9染色体重叠;控制穗长的主效QTL（qPL-5-1）和控制穗粗的QTL（qPD-5-1）在第5染色体重叠。对3个QTL簇的置信区间进行基因注释,筛选出5个与生育期及穗部性状相关的候选基因,其中,2个候选基因在谷子生育期调控和穗部性状发育中均发挥重要作用。【结论】共检测到88个与谷子生育期及穗部性状相关的QTL,12个为主效QTL,其中5个主效QTL在多个环境被重复检测到,且成簇分布。基于基因注释,共筛选了5个与谷子生育期和穗部性状相关的候选基因。  相似文献   

18.
Porcine reproductive traits are characterized by low heritability, making improvement by traditional selective breeding rather difficult. Molecular breeding offers powerful approaches to overcome previous limitations and is expected to generate economic benefits via progress in pig breeding. Cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A polypeptide 1(CYP19A1) gene is a key enzyme of estradiol biosynthesis that plays an important role in the establishment of gestation and maintenance of pregnancy. In this study, the sequence and structure characteristics of the porcine CYP19A1 gene was analyzed and expression patterns of CYP19A1 in different tissues of adult female pigs were detected. Fourteen single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the exons and introns of porcine CYP19A1 were identified and genotyped using the Sequenom Mass ARRAY platform, after which the allele frequency of each SNP was analyzed. The association between CYP19A1 SNPs and litter size and piglet birth weight was assessed in a crossbred pig population(n=375). The expression pattern of CYP19A1 revealed that it was highly expressed in the ovary, spleen, and uterus and lowly expressed in the other tissues. Moreover, one SNP, rs341891833, was significantly associated with piglet birth weight during the multiparity period(P0.01). We concluded that CYP19A1 could be used as a candidate molecular marker in breeding aimed at rapid improvement of the reproductive characteristics of pigs.  相似文献   

19.
以82头陆川猪为材料,根据猪Leptin基因序列设计一对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术进行单核苷酸多态性(SNP)检测,发现一个SNP位点,并对该位点的3种基因型与陆川猪部分生产性状进行相关性分析。结果表明:CC型个体的断奶重和平均日增重显著高于TT型和CT型(P<0 05)。由此初步推断Leptin基因可能是影响陆川猪生产性状的候选基因之一或与主基因相连锁,可以用该位点对陆川猪生产性状进行标记辅助选择。  相似文献   

20.
Litchi chinensis Sonn is widely cultivated in subtropical regions and has an important economic value. A high-density genetic map is a valuable tool for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) and marker-assisted breeding programs. In this study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based high-density linkage map was constructed by a genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) protocol using an F1 population of 178 progenies between two commercial litchi cultivars, ‘Ziniangxi’ (dwarf) and ‘Feizixiao’ (vigorous). The genetic map consisted of 3027 SNP markers with a total length of 1711.97 cM in 15 linkage groups (LGs) and an average marker distance of 0.57 cM. Based on this high-density linkage map and three years of phenotyping, a total of 37 QTLs were detected for eight dwarf-related traits, including length of new branch (LNB), diameter of new branch (DNB), length of common petiole (LCP), diameter of common petiole (DCP), length of internode (LI), length of single leaf (LSL), width of single leaf (WSL), and plant height (PH). These QTLs could explain 8.0 to 14.7% (mean=9.7%) of the phenotypic variation. Among them, several QTL clusters were observed, particularly on LG04 and LG11, which might show enrichment for genes regulating the dwarf-related traits in litchi. There were 126 candidate genes identified within the QTL regions, 55 of which are differentially expressed genes by RNA-seq analysis between ‘Ziniangxi’ and ‘Feizixiao’. These DEGs were found to participate in the regulation of cell development, material transportation, signal transduction, and plant morphogenesis, so they might play important roles in regulating plant dwarf-related traits. The high-density genetic map and QTLs identification related to dwarf traits can provide a valuable genetic resource and a basis for marker-assisted selection and genomic studies of litchi.  相似文献   

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