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The genetic diversity of 15 carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) cultivars located in an experimental field from Algarve (Portugal) was evaluated over 7 years using 12 fruit and seed phenotypic characters, in order to characterize carob cultivars. The values of morphological traits obtained by cultivar were compared with those from other countries of the Mediterranean basin. Statistically significant differences were found between cultivars for all characters which were examined, what indicates a high genetic diversity. The relationship among these characters was analyzed by principal component analysis (PCA) resulting in the separation of these cultivars classed in four groups (clusters I–IV) and in four ungrouped cultivars. A three dimension of the model was found to be significant and explained 74.5% of the total variation, in which the first component accounting for 34.6% of the total variation is dominated by fruit characters, while the second component is dominated by seed characters. Cultivars plotted on the left-lower quadrant on the space determined by principal components 1 and 2 are characterized by fruits with high seed yield more appropriated for industrial rentability. The correlation analyses established by cultivar provided a specific understanding about the way how fruit and seed characteristics correlate within each cultivar. This approach can be useful for the development of a breeding programme, aiming to increase the seed yield, seed thickness, individual and total seed weight by fruit, characteristics that are determinant to improve the industrial exploitation of carob. 相似文献
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千份豇豆种质资源十大农艺性状的鉴定与分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对１１９２份中国长豇豆种质资源进行了生长习性、熟期、商品荚长、单荚重、荚宽、荚的扁圆程度（荚宽－荚厚）、荚形、荚色、种子百粒重、种皮色等１０个农艺性状考查，并从中发现了矮生直立型材料７份；极早熟材料５份；荚长超过７０ｃｍ的极长荚材料３份；单荚重超过２５ｇ的特重荚５份；百粒重超过１９ｇ的特大粒材料４份等，可供育种利用时参考 相似文献
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Although carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is of great economic importance little is still known about the pattern of genetic variation within this species. Morphological characteristics based on 31 fruit and seeds of continuous characters determinant for agro-industrial uses, were compared with RAPD and AFLP markers for assessing genetic distances in 68 accessions of carob trees, from different cultivars, varieties and eco-geographic regions of Algarve. Eighteen selected RAPD primers applied to the 68 accessions produced a total of 235 fragments ranging from 200 to 2000 bp, of which 93 (40%) were polymorphic. Four AFLP selective primer combinations generated a total of 346 amplification fragments of which 110 were polymorphic. The average level of polymorphism based on four primer combinations was 31.8%. The phenetic trees based on RAPD and AFLP analyses gave high co-phenetic correlation values, and were found to be consistent in general with the analysis of morphological data, carried out on the same accessions. A number of RAPD and AFLP markers were found to be diagnostic for ‘Canela’ cultivar and 13 wild ungrafted trees. 相似文献
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以豇豆品种"青豇909"为试材,利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)进行种子诱变处理并进行田间栽培试验,研究了EMS不同处理浓度对豇豆种子活力、生育期、农艺性状和经济性状等方面的影响,以期为豇豆EMS突变体库的建立和种质创新提供参考依据。结果表明:EMS不同处理对种子活力影响明显,随着处理浓度的增大,种子活力呈递减趋势;各处理出苗期差异明显,但从全生育期来看,与对照相比差异不明显;各处理间农艺性状和经济性状差异明显,第一开花节位总体比对照降低,0.2%的处理最低,单株分枝数0.1%的处理最多;单株结荚数0.5%的处理最多;0.1%的处理荚长最长,单株干荚总质量最大,平均干荚质量0.2%的处理最高。综合考虑,EMS处理浓度为0.1%时,种子活力、出苗率、荚长、荚粗、单株干荚总质量等方面优于其它处理,可作为筛选优质、高产豇豆新品种的EMS处理浓度。 相似文献
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以75份长荚豇豆品种为试材,采用主成分和聚类分析法,研究了75份长荚豇豆品种的14个农艺性状,以期更好的挖掘利用长荚豇豆种质资源。结果表明:参试的75份长荚豇豆品种荚长、叶片含水率和叶厚3个农艺性状变异系数最小,性状最稳定,而豆荚含水率、667 m^2产量、荚肉厚、初花节位、单荚质量、叶绿素含量、小叶长宽比、茎粗、第3节长、荚横茎、百粒种子质量等11个农艺性状变异系数较高,可作为豇豆选育与筛选改良的方向。14个农艺性状的变异系数大小依次为豆荚含水率>667 m^2产量>荚肉厚>初花节位>单荚质量>叶绿素含量>小叶长宽比>茎粗>第3节长>荚横径>百粒种子质量>10%>叶片含水率>荚长>叶厚。14个农艺性状可转化为8个主成分,其中特征值前8个主成分累计贡献率为82.41%,能较好代替14个农艺性状来评价75份长荚豇豆品种。75份长荚豇豆材料在欧式距离为11时可分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ5类,其中Ⅱ类产量高,适合海南种植,Ⅴ类产量最低,不适合海南种植。 相似文献
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西瓜种子表型性状遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以58份不同西瓜(Citrullus lanatus)种质为材料,对种子长度、种子宽度、种皮底色、种皮覆纹特征等11个表型性状进行遗传多样性分析,结果表明:西瓜种子千粒质量、种子宽度、种子长度、种子厚度、种喙宽度的变异系数依次为47.9%、28.0%、26.5%、16.0%、16.0%;种皮底色和种喙颜色分别有12种不同类型,其中黄色种子和黑色种喙的种子最多,分别占27.6%和31.0%。种子覆纹特征和种子表面光滑度分别有4种类型,其中灰褐斑点覆纹占20.7%,种子表面粗糙型占58.6%。种子形状和种子表面形状分别有2种和3种类型,以椭圆形和平面种子较多。 相似文献
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Nedim Tetik Irfan Turhan Hatice Reyhan Oziyci Hamide Gubbuk Mustafa Karhan Sezai Ercisli 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is natively grown in the coastal areas of the Aegean and Mediterranean region in Turkey. The main carob growing areas (Mediterranean and Aegean) were surveyed and a total 70 promising wild and grafted carob genotypes were selected based on physical and chemical pod properties. Preliminary results showed that Turkey has very rich carob genetic resources containing considerable variations for most of the pod traits. In general, wild carob had smaller pods than the grafted ones. Pod mass ranged from 29.16 g to 120.28 g in the wild genotypes and 71.71 g to 147.91 g in the grafted genotypes with an average 107.61 g for the grafted and 63.72 g for the wild genotypes. The average pod dimensions (width, length and thickness) were 18.16 mm, 16.18 cm and 6.42 mm for the wild genotypes and 21.79 mm, 16.91 cm and 8.79 mm for the grafted genotypes. The average soluble solid content ranged from 59.42% in the wild and 64.06% in the grafted genotypes. The average total acidity of the wild and grafted genotypes was similar (0.78%). The pod traits of the wild genotypes differ significantly from those of the grafted genotypes, and the wild genotypes showed higher variations in these traits compared to the grafted genotypes. 相似文献
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哈菜豆17号是以宏富菜豆为母本,以将军油豆为父本配制的杂交组合采用系谱法经过6代自交选育而成。蔓生,早熟,从播种到采收57d(天)左右,基部结荚多,前期产量高,生长势中等,荚绿色、扁条形,尖部带紫色条纹,平均荚长20cm,荚宽2.8cm,肉质面,外观商品性好,纤维少。抗炭疽病,一般产量2100kg·(667m2)-1左右,适于黑龙江省各地保护地栽培。 相似文献
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蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状精准评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为深入了解蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状特征及相关性,以防虫网隔离纯化1代的554份国内外蚕豆种质资源为试材,利用相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法,对采用数码考种仪获得的种子表型性状进行了综合分析。结果表明:供试蚕豆种质资源种子表型变异范围广,遗传多样性丰富,以百粒重的变异最大;百粒重、种子投影面积、周长、粒长、粒宽和直径这6个表型性状之间具有较高的相关性,相关系数均大于0.80且达到了极显著水平;对8个数量性状进行主成分分析,前3个主成分的贡献率分别为74.60%、23.09%和1.70%,累计贡献率达到99.39%,几乎覆盖参试种子数量性状的全部信息,上述6个表型性状的变异对第1主成分贡献较大,均为籽粒大小性状;聚类分析将所有参试材料聚为3类,与播期和地理来源有一定相关性。基于种子表型性状的综合分析,筛选出11份具有近圆形种子、适宜全程机械化种植和8份具有高产潜力的优异蚕豆资源。 相似文献
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菜豆突变体ylm 是用60Co-γ 射线诱变高代自交系A18-1 得到的黄化突变体，其叶色随叶片发育而变化。对ylm 不
同发育阶段的叶色变化、光合色素含量、光合特性及幼苗期和青熟期的农艺性状进行分析。结果显示：突变体ylm 幼苗期的
单株鲜质量、叶面积、茎粗和主根长均低于野生型，青熟期的单株干鲜质量、单株荚数、鲜荚产量、单荚籽粒数和豆荚长度
也显著或极显著降低。突变体总叶绿素含量和光合速率随着叶色的加深而呈增加趋势。光合色素含量的降低抑制了光合速率，
进而影响叶片发育，也导致叶片气孔导度和蒸腾速率发生变化。 相似文献
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宁豆4号是以宁镇3号为母本,以苏豆8号为父本杂交后经系统选育而成的菜用大豆新品种。属春播晚熟品种,播种至采收青荚95d(天);出苗势强,生长稳健,亚有限结荚习性。基部叶片为椭圆形,中部为长椭圆形,顶部为披针形,叶色较深。株高75.2cm,主茎13.4节,分枝3.8个,单株结荚67.2个,多粒荚率为65.9%,标准荚312个·kg-1,二粒荚长5.6cm、宽1.2cm,鲜籽百粒重70g以上,出仁率53.8%。鲜荚平均产量为740.4kg·(667m2)-1,鲜粒平均产量为375.5kg·(667m2)-1。干籽粒椭圆形,种皮黄色,种脐淡褐色。鲜籽口感香甜柔嫩。宁豆4号具有高产、稳产、适应性广等优点,适合江苏省及生态条件相似地区作春播鲜食大豆栽培。 相似文献
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Dessert quality of guava fruit is considerably reduced by high seed content. Number of seeds in guava is associated with different seed and fruit characters. Influence of different seed characters on number of seeds per fruit (NSPF) was studied by analysing character association and direct and indirect effects on NSPF and seed related traits for 68 genotypes of guava collected from diverse sources and conserved at National Active Germplasm Site, CISH, Lucknow. Seed related characters were studied at the colour break stage of the fruits using image analysis software for counting number of seeds. The data was subjected to path analysis to find out direct and indirect effects of different characters on number of seeds in the fruits. At genotypic and phenotypic levels, NSPF was significantly and positively associated with seed weight per fruit (SWPF), number of seeds 100 g−1 pulp (NSPHP) and fruit weight (FW). The genotypic (0.0029) and phenotypic (0.0563) residual values were fairly very low, which revealed that variables included in this study had significant contribution in determining NSPF. The NSPHP exhibited high positive direct effect on NSPF. The maximum direct response (P = 0.737, G = 1.004) of this component was attributed to the indirect positive effects of the SWPF and fruit:seed weight proportion (FSWP). SWPF also had a very high positive direct effect (P = 0.521, G = 0.694) on the NSPF. Correlation and path coefficient analysis revealed that SWPF, NSPHP and 100-seed weight (100SW) were deciding factors for realizing improvement for NSPF. The importance of small seeded genotypes in selection of less seeded varieties was emphasized. 相似文献