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1.
落葵上发现短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)一个新的致病变种 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
1994年在江苏省南京及镇江地区新发现了落葵细菌性叶斑病,从病斑所分离的10个细菌菌株经柯赫氏法则验证,均确系该病的病原菌。采用形态观察、表型特征和生理生化特性测定、数值分析、血清学反应、细胞化学成分分析和DNAG+C mol%测定进行了鉴定,并与植物病原棒形细菌15个标准菌株进行了比较。该病原菌为革兰氏阳性细菌,不规则短杆状,有一根鞭毛,亚极生或侧生,结合其生理生化特性、细胞化学成分和DNAG+C mol%测定结果,认为应属于短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)的萎蔫短小杆菌(Cur.flaccumfaciens),数值分析也支持这一结论。此外,据血清学反应结果及其对短小杆菌属的其它植物寄主的致病情况,认为该病原菌应是萎蔫短小杆菌种下一个新的致病变种,定名为Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv.basellae pv.nov.(萎蔫短小杆菌落葵致病变种)。 相似文献
2.
番茄细菌性斑点病病原菌鉴定 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
1998~1999年在吉林省、辽宁省、黑龙江省等地的大棚番茄上发现一种番茄病害,并从其病叶、病茎杆上分离得到了23个细菌菌株。接种番茄幼苗上,发病症状与自然发病症状完全一致,并从接种病株上重新分离到此病原细菌。各菌株致病力无明显的差异。经革兰氏染色反应、菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应、G+C mol%等鉴定,确认该病原菌为丁香假单胞杆菌番茄致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato(Okabe)Young,Dye&Wilkie)。该病菌引起番茄细菌性斑点病(又称叶斑病)。病菌除侵染番茄外,尚能侵染茄子、辣椒、龙葵、白花曼陀罗和毛曼陀罗。该病害尚属我国大陆首次报道。 相似文献
3.
新疆加工型辣椒细菌性斑点病的发生和病原鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
新疆加工型辣椒主要产区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州发生了一种严重危害辣椒的细菌性病害。从发病辣椒叶片中分离细菌,通过烟草过敏性反应、马铃薯软腐试验和接种辣椒等致病性测定,确定了13个致病菌株,各菌株之间致病力无明显差异。通过菌体形态、培养性状观察、生理生化反应、寄主范围测定,结合16S rDNA和rpoD基因扩增、序列测定和系统发育分析,将病原菌鉴定为丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种(Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae)。病原菌人工接种还能侵染番茄、茄子、马铃薯及黄瓜、四季豆、白菜、萝卜、芹菜等植物。P. syringae pv. syringae引起加工型辣椒细菌性斑点病在国内属首次报道。 相似文献
4.
哈密瓜细菌性果斑病病原菌鉴定 总被引：40，自引：3，他引：37
2000年在内蒙古和新疆的哈密瓜上发现一种新细菌病害-哈密瓜细菌性果斑病,从病叶和病果上分离到33个细菌菌株,接种哈密瓜、西瓜和甜瓜后,发病症状与自然发病症状完全一致,而且从接种病株上又重新分离到了此病原细菌,这33个细菌菌株经柯赫法则证明均为该病的致病菌。各菌株致病力无明显差异。经革兰氏染色反应、菌体形态、培养性状、生理生化反应、细胞化学成分分析(糖、蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪酸、mol% G+C)、DNA-DNA杂交,确认该病原菌为燕麦食酸菌西瓜亚种(Acidovorax avenae subsp.citrulli Willems et al.1992)=类产碱假单胞菌西瓜亚种(Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes subsp.citrulli Schaad et al.1978)。该病菌除侵染哈密瓜外,人工接种尚能侵染多种葫芦科及番茄、茄子等作物。 相似文献
5.
水稻褐鞘病研究——Ⅱ.病原细菌的生理生化和分子生物学性状 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验用50个稻褐鞘病菌株与5个Xanthomonas campestris致病变种(pv.campestris,pv.translucens.pv.oryzae,pv.oryzicola和pv.citri)的对照菌株,测定其生理生化性状所得的结果基本上是相同的.4个稻褐鞘病菌菌株和5个对照菌株的DNA G+C含量测定栩近。4个稻褐鞘病菌菌株与5个对照菌株以及对照菌株之间DNA—DNA杂交率低,而稻褐鞘病菌菌株之间杂交率却很高。因而认为稻褐鞘病菌为Xanthomonas cempestris的一个新致病变种,命名为X.campestris.pv.brunneiveginae nov.pv.Luo,Liao et Chen. 相似文献
6.
对我国14株杨梅癌肿病菌菌株和2株油橄榄癌肿病菌模式菌株在细菌学特性、血清学反应及寄主范围等方面进行了比较研究。两者细菌学特性基本相同,在测定27项生理生化反应中仅在硝酸盐还原、淀粉水解及对甜菜碱、乳糖、麦芽糖和纤维二糖的利用上存在着差异,两菌株的mol% G+C相近,杨梅菌株在59.90-60.89之间,油橄榄菌株PODCC4352-75为59.90;在寄主范围上差异明显,不能交互侵染各自的寄主产生典型肿瘤症状,杨梅菌株不能侵染夹竹桃产生癌瘤;血清学反应表明两者有一定的同源性。认为杨梅癌肿菌是一个新的致病变种,命名为丁香假单胞萨氏亚种杨梅致病变种[Pseudomonas syringae subsp.savastanoi (Janse) pv.myricae (Choei) nom.comb.Zhang et He]. 相似文献
7.
豆薯细菌性角斑病的病原鉴定 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
在安徽滁州的豆薯叶片上发现一种由细菌侵染引起角斑症状的病害,从角斑上分离到具有致病性的非荧光的杆状细菌,菌株的表型特征、细菌学特征、LOPAT试验和生理生化试验表明该细菌与丁香假单胞菌(Pseudomonas syringae van Hall)相似,BIOLOG系统鉴定结果与丁香假单胞菌豌豆致病变种(P.syringae pv.pisi)相近,接种试验表明豆薯菌株能侵染大豆、菜豆和眉豆,但对豌豆的致病性差;在豇豆、绿豆和蚕豆上不表现症状。结果表明豆薯细菌性角斑病是一种新病害,病原菌属于丁香假单胞菌群的一个新的致病变种,命名为P.syringae pv.pachyrhizus nov. 相似文献
8.
本文对野油菜黄单胞杆菌禾草致病变种(Xanthomonas campestris pv.graminis)和梯牧草致病变种(Xanthomonas campestris pv.phlei)从伤口和自然孔口侵入多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)、多花黑麦草(Loliummultif lorum L.)和梯牧草(Phleum pratense L.)进行了研究,同时对牧草细菌性萎蔫病的种子传播、寄主苗龄和环境湿度对病害发展的影响、禾草致病变种与梯牧草致病变种菌体内的质粒以及两个致病变种在基因组DNA指纹图和限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方面的差异进行了研究。本项研究工作是在挪威进行的。 相似文献
9.
中国猕猴桃细菌性花腐病菌的鉴定 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从福建、湖南和湖北猕猴桃病花上分离到能引起花腐病的32个细菌菌株,经细菌学和BiologGN测试板测定,可以看出中国的猕猴桃细菌性花腐病菌与新西兰的猕猴桃花腐病菌、丁香假单胞菌丁香致病变种Pseudomonas syringae pv.syringae和绿黄假单胞菌P.viridiflava相似,与萨氏假单胞菌P.savastanoi和猕猴桃溃疡病菌P.syringae pv.actinidiae有更多的不同,但是DNA/DNA同源性测定结果却显示出中国的菌株可分为2个类型:第1个类型与新西兰猕猴桃花腐病菌和萨氏假单胞菌有很高的同源性,第2类型与绿黄假单胞菌有很高的同源性,说明中国菌株分别属于这2个种。第1类型来自于福建和湖北,第2类型来自于湖南。 相似文献
10.
香料烟细菌性斑点病病原鉴定 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2004~2005年在云南保山香料烟上发现一种由细菌侵染引起的新病害,称为香料烟细菌斑点病。该病主要危害叶片,初为黑褐色水浸状圆形或多角形小斑点,以后病斑扩大、连片,形成不规则的较大坏死斑。从病叶上分离到了28株细菌菌株,菌株接种于香料烟上,发病症状与田间自然症状一致,并从回接病株上重新分离得到此病病原细菌。经过革兰氏染色反应、菌体形态、培养性状、LOPAT试验、生理生化特性分析和16S-23S rDNA序列分析,以及病原菌寄主范围测定,确定该病原菌为丁香假单胞菌烟草致病变种[Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci(Wolfet al.)Young et al.]。 相似文献
11.
利用BIOLOG鉴定系统快速鉴定菜豆萎蔫病菌的研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本研究利用美国Biolog公司生产的MicroStationTM V3.5系统对我国一类危险性病害菜豆萎蔫病菌及其相关菌进行了快速鉴定研究。研究结果表明,来自不同国家和寄主的24株菜豆萎蔫病菌及其相关致病变种,23株准确鉴定至种水平,其中13株鉴定至致病变种水平,种水平的鉴定准确率为95.8%,另外1株至属水平。同时2株苜蓿萎蔫病菌和2株番茄溃疡病菌均鉴定至致病变种水平。经聚类分析研究,结果支持了对格兰氏阳性植病细菌在属、种水平的分类。本研究是首次使用该系统对格兰氏阳性植病细菌进行鉴定研究,试验证明Biolog鉴定系统用于快速鉴定菜豆萎蔫病菌是一个很有用的工具,且由于其标准化程度高、快速准确,符合我国口岸植物检疫的要求。 相似文献
12.
采用ERIC-PCR,BOX-PCR和ITS的分析方法,对分离自我国内蒙古自治区5个市的21个糖甜菜叶斑病菌菌株进行多样性分析,并与其他12种病原细菌进行比较。ERIC-PCR揭示,在相似性80%上所有参试菌株分为26簇,而BOX-PCR只得到20个簇,暗示这两种短重复序列在基因组中的分布不同;将两者电泳图谱结合,得到介于上述两者间的结果,分为23个簇;在相似率达87%时,ITS分析将21个糖甜菜叶斑病菌菌株分成7簇。3种分析方法相互验证,均说明内蒙古糖甜菜叶斑病菌基因组存在显著多样性。ERIC和BOX聚类证明了糖甜菜叶斑病菌与短小杆菌属(Curtobacterium)亲缘关系较近,与其他属细菌亲缘关系较远。研究证明,ERIC和BOX扩增基因组DNA指纹比ITS图谱具有更强的多样性。 相似文献
13.
14.
Mixtures of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria enhance biological control of multiple cucumber pathogens 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACT Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains INR7 (Bacillus pumilus), GB03 (Bacillus subtilis), and ME1 (Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens) were tested singly and in combinations for biological control against multiple cucumber pathogens. Investigations under greenhouse conditions were conducted with three cucumber pathogens-Colletotrichum orbiculare (causing anthracnose), Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans (causing angular leaf spot), and Erwinia tracheiphila(causing cucurbit wilt disease)-inoculated singly and in all possible combinations. There was a general trend across all experiments toward greater suppression and enhanced consistency against multiple cucumber pathogens using strain mixtures. The same three PGPR strains were evaluated as seed treatments in two field trials over two seasons, and two strains, IN26 (Burkholderia gladioli) and INR7 also were tested as foliar sprays in one of the trials. In the field trials, the efficacy of induced systemic resistance activity was determined against introduced cucumber pathogens naturally spread within plots through placement of infected plants into the field to provide the pathogen inoculum. PGPR-mediated disease suppression was observed against angular leaf spot in 1996 and against a mixed infection of angular leaf spot and anthracnose in 1997. The three-way mixture of PGPR strains (INR7 plus ME1 plus GB03) as a seed treatment showed intensive plant growth promotion and disease reduction to a level statistically equivalent to the synthetic elicitor Actigard applied as a spray. 相似文献
15.
《EPPO Bulletin》2011,41(3):320-328
Specific scope
This standard describes a diagnostic protocol for Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens pv. flaccumfaciens. 1 1 Use of names of chemicals or equipment in these EPPO Standards implies no approval of them to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable.Specific approval and amendment
Approved in 2011‐09.16.
ABSTRACT Twenty-five Xanthomonas isolates, including some isolates received as either X. campestris pv. armoraciae or pv. raphani, caused discrete leaf spot symptoms when spray-inoculated onto at least one Brassica oleracea cultivar. Twelve of these isolates and four other Xanthomonas isolates were spray- and pin-inoculated onto 21 different plant species/cultivars including horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), radish (Raphanus sativus), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). The remaining 13 leaf spot isolates were spray-inoculated onto a subset of 10 plant species/cultivars. The leaf spot isolates were very aggressive on several Brassica spp., radish, and tomato causing leaf spots and dark sunken lesions on the middle vein, petiole, and stem. Based on the differential reactions of several Brassica spp. and radish cultivars, the leaf spot isolates were divided into three races, with races 1 and 3 predominating. A differential series was established to determine the race-type of isolates and a gene-for-gene model based on the interaction of two avirulence genes in the pathogen races and two matching resistance genes in the differential hosts is proposed. Repetitive-DNA polymerase chain reaction-based fingerprinting was used to assess the genetic diversity of the leaf spot isolates and isolates of closely related Xanthomonas pathovars. Although there was variability within each race, the leaf spot isolates were clustered separately from the X. campestris pv. campestris isolates. We propose that X. campestris isolates that cause a nonvascular leaf spot disease on Brassica spp. should be identified as pv. raphani and not pv. armoraciae. Race-type strains and a neopathotype strain for X. campestris pv. raphani are proposed. 相似文献
17.
Bacterial speck caused byPseudomonas syringae pv.tomato is an emerging disease of tomato in Tanzania. Following reports of outbreaks of the disease in many locations in Tanzania,
56 isolates ofP. syringae pv.tomato were collected from four tomato- producing areas and characterized using pathogenicity assays on tomato, carbon source utilization
by the Biolog Microplate system, polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. All
theP. syringae pv.tomato isolates produced bacterial speck symptoms on susceptible tomato (cv. ‘Tanya’) seedlings. Metabolic fingerprinting profiles
revealed diversity among the isolates, forming several clusters. Some geographic differentiation was observed in principal
component analysis, with isolates from Arusha region being more diverse than those from Iringa and Morogoro regions. The Biolog
system was efficient in the identification of the isolates to the species level, as 53 of the 56 (94.6%) isolates ofP. syringae pv.tomato were identified asPseudomonas syringae. However, only 23 isolates out of the 56 (41.1%) were identified asPseudomonas syringae pv.tomato. The results of this work indicate the existence ofP. syringae pv.tomato isolates in Tanzania that differ significantly from those used to create the Biolog database. RFLP analysis showed that the
isolates were highly conserved in theirhrpZ gene. The low level of genomic diversity within the pathogen in Tanzania shows that there is a possibility to use resistant
tomato varieties as part of an effective integrated bacterial speck management plan.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting August 8, 2008. 相似文献
18.
Munhoz CF Weiss B Hanai LR Zucchi MI Fungaro MH Oliveira AL Monteiro-Vitorello CB Vieira ML 《Phytopathology》2011,101(4):416-424
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae causes bacterial spot in passion fruit. It attacks the purple and yellow passion fruit as well as the sweet passion fruit. The diversity of 87 isolates of pv. passiflorae collected from across 22 fruit orchards in Brazil was evaluated using molecular profiles and statistical procedures, including an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetical averages-based dendrogram, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and an assigning test that provides information on genetic structure at the population level. Isolates from another eight pathovars were included in the molecular analyses and all were shown to have a distinct repetitive sequence-based polymerase chain reaction profile. Amplified fragment length polymorphism technique revealed considerable diversity among isolates of pv. passiflorae, and AMOVA showed that most of the variance (49.4%) was due to differences between localities. Cluster analysis revealed that most genotypic clusters were homogeneous and that variance was associated primarily with geographic origin. The disease adversely affects fruit production and may kill infected plants. A method for rapid diagnosis of the pathogen, even before the disease symptoms become evident, has value for producers. Here, a set of primers (Xapas) was designed by exploiting a single-nucleotide polymorphism between the sequences of the intergenic 16S-23S rRNA spacer region of the pathovars. Xapas was shown to effectively detect all pv. passiflorae isolates and is recommended for disease diagnosis in passion fruit orchards. 相似文献