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雌雄同株大麻在黑龙江省大有作为 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
黑龙江省开发雌雄同株大麻有较强的优势,主要表现在地理位置适中;气候条件适宜;土壤肥沃;农业机械化程度高;农业生态条件优越;农民具有丰富的植麻经验;具有大规模初加工和深加工条件.种植雌雄大麻,其社会效益和经济效益可观大麻纤维的增加,可解决亚麻纺织厂原料短缺的问题;大麻与其他作物轮作,可有效改良土壤,提高其他作物的产量和品质;按麻农常规种植,种大麻的纯利润为收麻田5300-9800元/hm2;收麻收种田8000-10500元/hm2;高倍收种田22700-34700元/hm2.与黑龙江省主要农作物如大豆(利润6000元/hm2)、玉米(利润 4800元/hm2)比较,利润大幅度提高.从乌克兰引进的雌雄大麻品种,其THC含量小于0.2%,低于国家低毒大麻标准. 相似文献
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雌雄同株大麻在黑龙江省大有作为 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
黑龙江省开发雌雄同株大麻有较强的优势，主要表现在：地理位置适中；气候条件适宜；土壤肥沃；农业机械化程度高；农业生态条件优越；农民具有丰富的植麻经验；具有大规模初加工和深加工条件。种植雌雄大麻，其社会效益和经济效益可观：大麻纤维的增加，可解决亚麻纺织厂原料短缺的问题；大麻与其他作物轮作，可有效改良土壤，提高其他作物的产量和品质；接麻农常规种植，种大麻的纯利润为：收麻田5300—9800元／hm^2；收麻收种田8000-10500元／hm^2；高倍收种田22700—34700元／hm^2。与黑龙江省主要农作物如大豆（利润6000元／hm^2）、玉米（利润4800元／hm^2）比较，利润大幅度提高。从乌克兰引进的雌雄大麻品种，其THC含量小于0．2％，低于国家低毒大麻标准。 相似文献
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干旱胁迫对不同大麻品种生理特性和生长的影响研究初报 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过对4个不同地域来源的大麻品种:云麻1号、BM001、皖大麻1号和信阳1号的盆栽干旱胁迫试验,研究了不同程度干旱胁迫对这4个大麻品种生理特性和生长的影响.结果表明:1、云麻1号和皖大麻1号的叶片含水量分别在干旱胁迫前期和后期下降幅度较大,BM001和信阳1号的叶片含水量在干旱胁迫中呈持续下降状态,说明不同的大麻品种对干旱胁迫的响应模式不同;2、在土壤含水量低于15％时,四种大麻叶片保护酶活性骤降,说明15％的土壤含水量可作为大麻抗旱栽培措施的临界点;3、干旱胁迫对BM001的株高和茎粗生长影响较其他3种品种小,说明这一品种的抗旱能力较强,可用于大麻抗旱品种的选育. 相似文献
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人们种植大麻的(Cannabis sativa L.)历史悠久,从茎获取纤维,从种子中榨油,从叶和花中提炼大麻兴奋剂.近年来由于环境污染问题及木材短缺使人们对大麻又产生了兴趣大麻作为一种原材料,有很广泛的工业用途,包括纺织、造纸及建筑用材.大麻是一年生草本植物,茎高1～5米.大麻茎中心木质化,周围包裹着一层韧皮,其中含有许多纤维.育种家已经选育出一些纤维含量高,△-9-四氢大麻酚(THC,大麻兴奋剂的主要成份)含量低的品种.历史上大麻主要用来编织绳索,此外还可以织布、造纸以及加工成建筑用材.19世纪晚期,大麻绳索的需求量达到顶峰,不过此后除两次世界大战期间短暂上升外,一直呈下降趋势.目前,大麻纤维在很大程度上被其他相对便宜的天然纤维和合成纤维所替代.虽然大麻是一种能在不同环境条件下生长的温带作物,但它最适于在气候温暖、无霜期长、土壤肥沃、雨量充沛的地区生长.大麻在适宜的环境条件下生长时,一般不需除草,也不需施撒杀虫剂.尽管有报道发现一些大麻虫害和病害,但由病虫造成大麻大幅减产的现象并不多见.大麻干茎产量可达2.5-8.7吨/英亩,其栽培措施及生产成本和玉米很相似. 相似文献
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安徽大麻害虫名录及主要害虫综合防治 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
安徽大麻产区有大麻害虫４２种，分属１０目２５科。其主要的有大麻小象甲、大麻跳甲、大麻叶蜂、大麻食心虫、大麻天牛、玉米螟和黑绒金色龟子等７种，并对其生物学特性及其综合防治方法和了描述。 相似文献
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This study aimed to quantify major environmental impacts associated with the production of hemp yarn using Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). A reference scenario of traditional hemp warm water retting was compared to: (1) bio-retting, i.e. hemp green scutching followed by water retting, (2) babyhemp, based on stand retting of pre-mature hemp, (3) dew retting of flax. Overall, neither of the alternative scenarios was unambiguously better than the reference. The impacts of the hemp reference scenario and the flax scenario were similar, except for pesticide use (higher for flax) and water use during processing (higher for hemp). Bio-retting had higher impacts than the reference scenario for climate change and energy use, due to higher energy input in fibre processing. Babyhemp had higher impacts than the reference scenario for eutrophication, land occupation and pesticide use. A reduction of the environmental impacts of hemp yarn should give priority to reduction of energy use in the fibre processing and yarn production stages and to reduction of eutrophication in the crop production phase. 相似文献
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大麻化学成分研究进展与开发我国大麻资源的探讨 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：16
大麻是一种多用途的古老栽培作物，其纤维是上等的纺织和造纸原料，其种子中富含矿物质、氨基酸和不饱和脂肪酸等多种营养成分。但大麻中含有一种致幻化学成分THC，严重影响了大麻的开发和利用。本文就大麻化学成分的主要类型及其合成途径与遗传机理的研究进展作了较详细的阐述，说明了大麻化学成分，特别是CBD/THC遗传稳定的特性，并就我国大麻资源的研究与开发提出了自己的设想。 相似文献
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Sunn hemp is a tropical, herbaceous annual legume that has potential as a cover crop during the summer in temperate climates. Due to the recent increased interest in sunn hemp breeding and seed production for temperate climates, there is a need for weed control in sunn hemp production. No herbicide product currently on the market specifically identifies sunn hemp as a tolerant crop. The aims of this research were 1) to evaluate herbicides with the intent of identifying a herbicide program that can assure near weed free sunn hemp intended for seed harvest and 2) to demonstrate and quantify sunn hemp-weed suppression. Pre-emergence applied treatments consisted of pendimethalin alone, imazethapyr alone, and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr. Pendimethalin alone provided consistent effective weed control and maximum sunn hemp biomass, but when yellow nutsedge was present, imazethapyr was required for effective control and greater sunn hemp biomass. The combination of pendimethalin and imazethapyr was detrimental to sunn hemp biomass yield. Results also established that sunn hemp is tolerant of 2,4-DB applied post-emergence, but was not necessary for weed control in these studies because of the lack of broadleaf weed pressure. In a separate study with variable sunn hemp densities, weed biomass reductions of ≥50% were obtained with sunn hemp densities of only 20 to 50 plants m−2. This degree of weed suppression obtained from relatively modest sunn hemp densities is likely indicative of the ability of sunn hemp to grow faster and taller than other plants. 相似文献
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文章基于Web of Science数据库,客观分析了当前汉麻脱胶技术的研究进展,旨在为中国汉麻脱胶领域工作者提供情报,推进中国汉麻脱胶研究。基于Web of Science数据库,对世界范围内关于汉麻脱胶技术发文数量、类型、高发文国家、期刊、发文机构等数据进行分析。结果表明,汉麻脱胶技术的研究在21世纪以来出现逐年递增的趋势,其中中国、美国、意大利发文量居前三名。在全世界范围内,对汉麻的研究主要集中在材料科学方面。中国以后应更加注重论文发表质量,加强和其他研究机构、国家的合作,以提高中国在汉麻脱胶方面的研究水平。 相似文献
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黑龙江省大麻发展问题和建议 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文分析了黑龙江省大麻发展的现状和产业在发展过程中存在的问题,并对该省的大麻产业发展提出了相应的对策,对该省大麻的发展具有一定的指导意义。 相似文献
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大麻纤维受热过程中内部结构和物理性能的变化规律是大麻纺织、染整和大麻纤维增强复合材料加工工艺的理论依据,本论文通过对工业用大麻精干麻、原麻纤维的热学性能测试和受热后其束纤维相对断裂强度变化的测试实验,分析了工业用大麻纤维的分解温度、分解阶段和相对断裂强度的变化规律. 相似文献
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Mirjana M. Kostic Jovana Z. Milanovic Marija V. Baljak Katarina Mihajlovski Ana D. Kramar 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(1):57-64
The objective of this research was to impart antimicrobial properties to hemp fibers by incorporation of silver ions in hemp fibers by chemisorption. Sorption properties of hemp fibers were improved by non-selective oxidation using hydrogen peroxide and potassium permanganate. The optimal conditions for silver ions sorption by hemp fibers were determined by changing sorption conditions: pH value and concentration of aqueous silver nitrate solution, as well as duration of sorption. The maximum sorption capacity of modified hemp fibers was 1.84 mmol of Ag+ ions per gram of fibers. Antimicrobial activity of silver-loaded hemp fibers against different pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans was evaluated in vitro. Obtained silver-loaded hemp fibers show antimicrobial activity against tested pathogens. 相似文献
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大麻织物的抗紫外线性能评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
测试了不同厚度、不同覆盖系数、不同组织结构和颜色的大麻织物紫外线透过率和抗紫外指数（UPF值），分析了厚度、覆盖系数、组织结构和颜色对大麻织物的抗紫外线性能的影响，指出大麻织物越厚，其紫外线透过率越小，UPF值愈大；覆盖系数增加，紫外线透过率减小，UPF值随之增大；在厚度和覆盖系数相同时，缎纹组织大麻织物的抗紫外线性能最好，斜纹组织大麻织物次之，平纹组织大麻织物再次之。深色大麻织物的抗紫外线性能好，浅色的较差。随着大麻织物颜色饱和度增加，其紫外线透过率相应减小，UPF值相应增加，抗紫外线性能越好。 相似文献
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The effects of yarn number and liquid ammonia (L/A) treatment on the physical properties of woven fabrics prepared with pure hemp spun yarns were investigated. As a result of L/A treatment, the crystal structure of hemp fiber was changed from cellulose I to the mixtures of cellulose III and cellulose I and its crystallinity was slightly decreased by 13 %. The crease recovery of hemp fabric treated with L/A was improved upto 78 %. The washing shrinkage of hemp fabric treated with L/A decreased significantly to less than 0.4 %, while the washing shrinkage of hemp fabric prepared with the fined yarn was superior to that of hemp fabric prepared with the coarsed yarn. Especially, the wicking speed and drying ratio of hemp fabrics treated with L/A were higher than those of the untreated as yarn number increased. However, it was found that there is no significant effect on the UV protection of the L/A treated hemp fabrics. 相似文献