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1.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(3):485-489
旨在探讨钼对小鼠血清免疫球蛋白和细胞因子含量的影响,选用30d健康昆明小鼠60只,随机分为4组,分别饮用钼水(mg/L),Ⅰ组(0)、Ⅱ组(400)、Ⅲ组(800)、Ⅳ组(1 200),试验周期42d,定期剖杀取样。采用ELISA法检测小鼠血清中免疫球蛋白和细胞因子含量的变化,结果显示:与Ⅰ组相比,整个试验中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组小鼠血清IgE含量差异不显著(P0.05),第14天Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG、IL-4均极显著降低(P0.01),Ⅲ组IFN-γ、IL-6均显著升高(P0.05),第28天Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG,Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgM、IL-4,Ⅳ组IL-2均显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),第42天Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组IgG、IL-2、IL-4均显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),且小鼠血清IgG、IgM、IL-2、IL-4含量随时间的延长呈下降趋势,IFN-γ、IL-6含量随时间的延长先上升后下降。结果表明:饮水中钼(≥400mg/L)可引起小鼠血清免疫球蛋白、抗炎细胞因子下降,促炎细胞因子先上升后下降,且具有一定的时-效和量-效关系,影响动物的体液免疫和细胞免疫功能。 相似文献
2.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(2)
本试验旨在探讨钼对体外小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞(peritoneal macrophage,PMΦ)吞噬、分泌、NO代谢、抗氧化功能的影响。以体外培养的小鼠PMΦ为材料,将钼酸钠分别加入Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组,使其终质量浓度为0、10、20、40、80、160mg/L,培养24h后,采用显微镜、ELISA、比色法分别检测小鼠PMΦ吞噬、分泌、抗氧化功能。结果显示整个试验中,试验组小鼠PMФ培养上清中IL-2含量差异不显著(P0.05);小鼠PMФ吞噬率和吞噬指数随钼剂量的增加先升高后降低,并在钼剂量为20mg/L时达到最大值;与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组TNF-a含量显著或极显著降低(P0.05或P0.01),NO含量及NOS活性显著或极显著升高(P0.05或P0.01);Ⅴ、Ⅵ组小鼠PMФ裂解液内MDA含量与Ⅰ组相比显著升高(P0.05)。结果证明:10~20mg/L的钼酸钠溶液作用24h,可使小鼠PMФ吞噬、分泌功能增加,NO代谢和抗氧化功能无显著变化;钼≥40mg/L可造成小鼠PMФ吞噬、分泌、抗氧化功能降低,NO代谢增强,具有一定的量-效关系,对小鼠PMФ免疫功能产生一定的影响。 相似文献
3.
锌、铜对实验性钼中毒绵羊肝脏、肾脏中钼含量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
小尾寒羊20只,随机分为5组,分别口服钼、铜和锌(mg/kg),Ⅰ组30mg/kg钼、Ⅱ组30mg/kg钼+15mg/kg铜、Ⅲ组30mg/kg钼+15mg/kg锌、Ⅳ组30mg/kg钼+15mg/kg铜+15mg/kg锌,Ⅴ组去离子水。试验90d期满,采取肝脏和肾脏,硫酸-高氯酸消化,原子吸收法测定钼、锌、铜含量,结果显示,Ⅰ组肝脏钼含量与第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组与Ⅳ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01);Ⅳ组肝脏铜含量与Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01),与Ⅱ组差异显著(P<0.05),Ⅱ组肝铜含量与Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01);组间肝脏锌含量均差异极显著(P<0.01)。Ⅰ、Ⅲ组肾钼含量显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P<0.01);Ⅱ与Ⅳ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01);肾铜含量Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组差异极显著(P<0.01);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组与Ⅰ、Ⅴ组差异极显著(P<0.01);各组肾脏锌含量差异均极显著(P<0.01)。结果表明,30mg的钼可使肝脏钼含量显著增加(P<0.01),锌、铜含量降低。锌对肝脏钼有很好的颉抗作用,铜、锌有效地降低了钼在组织中的蓄积。 相似文献
4.
《畜牧兽医学报》2017,(4)
为探究高温对淮南麻黄鸡血脑屏障的影响,将120羽107日龄淮南麻黄鸡随机均分为四组:常温对照组(Ⅰ组)、常温注射组(Ⅱ组)、高温对照组(Ⅲ组)、高温注射组(Ⅳ组)。Ⅰ、Ⅱ组于常温下饲养(21~23℃、RH60%~70%),Ⅲ、Ⅳ组每天高温处理3h(34~37℃、RH 45%~50%),试验持续2周。试验第7、14天,每组随机抽取5羽鸡,Ⅱ、Ⅳ组鸡一次静脉注射γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)(每千克体重8.87mg),Ⅰ、Ⅲ组鸡注射同等剂量的生理盐水,注射0.5h后断头取脑,冰浴上迅速采集脑组织。使用ELISA法分别检测第7、14天四组鸡脑组织中的GABA含量;采用电镜技术观察第14天常温对照组和高温对照组中鸡脑组织的血脑屏障超微结构,并用qRT-PCR技术和Western blot技术检测其脑组织中紧密连接蛋白ZO-1和Occludin的mRNA及蛋白质的表达量。结果显示:试验第7天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组鸡脑组织中GABA含量无显著差异(P0.05),Ⅳ组鸡脑组织中GABA含量极显著高于Ⅲ组(P0.01);试验第14天,Ⅰ、Ⅱ组间鸡脑组织中GABA含量无显著差异(P0.05),Ⅳ组鸡脑组织中GABA含量高于Ⅲ组,但差异不显著(P0.05)。与常温对照组相比,高温对照组鸡的血脑屏障结构受到破坏,电镜下观察到大脑皮层血管内皮细胞线粒体嵴有的断裂、有的空泡变性,血管内皮细胞间紧密连接间隙增宽,内皮细胞外基膜增厚、结构疏松;高温对照组鸡脑组织ZO-1的mRNA相对转录量极显著低于常温对照组(P0.01),Occludin的mRNA相对转录量显著低于常温对照组(P0.05);高温对照组鸡脑组织ZO-1和Occludin蛋白的相对表达量极显著低于常温对照组(P0.01)。高温破坏了鸡的血脑屏障,脑组织中ZO-1和Occludin表达下降可能是其原因之一。 相似文献
5.
《动物营养学报》2021,33(5)
本试验旨在研究饲粮胆汁酸水平对育成期貉生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、氮代谢及血清生化指标的影响。选取50日龄公貉64只,随机分成4组,每组16个重复,每个重复1只。4组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(Ⅰ组)、100(Ⅱ组)、300(Ⅲ组)、500 mg/kg胆汁酸(Ⅳ组)的饲粮。正试期90 d。结果表明:1)Ⅱ组的末重显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅱ组的料重比显著低于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。2)Ⅱ组的干物质表观消化率显著高于Ⅳ组(P0.05);Ⅰ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于Ⅳ组(P0.05),Ⅱ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率极显著高于Ⅳ组(P0.01);Ⅰ组的粗脂肪表观消化率显著低于Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组(P0.05)。3)Ⅱ组和Ⅰ组的粪氮排出量显著低于Ⅳ组(P0.05);Ⅱ组的氮沉积显著高于Ⅳ组(P0.05)。4)Ⅳ组的血清中尿素(UREA)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05);Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清总蛋白(TP)和白蛋白(ALB)含量均极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01);Ⅳ组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性极显著高于Ⅰ组(P 0.01),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P 0.05);Ⅳ组血清葡萄糖(GLU)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05);Ⅳ组血清低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05);Ⅲ、Ⅳ组血清胆固醇(CHOL)含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅱ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05),Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P0.05);Ⅳ组血清甘油三酯(TG)含量极显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ组(P0.01)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮胆汁酸添加水平在100 mg/kg时,貉的生长性能、干物质表观消化率、粗蛋白质表观消化率、粗脂肪表观消化率和氮沉积较高,动物机体对蛋白质和脂肪吸收较好,对貉的生长更有利。 相似文献
6.
本试验将70只45日龄的罗曼鸡随机分成对照组和试验Ⅰ~Ⅵ组,旨在探讨不同剂量替米考星对雏鸡心功能和呼吸的影响。结果显示,随着替米考星剂量的加大和给药时间的延长,Ⅴ组死亡2只,Ⅵ组死亡4只;心率(HR)由增加到逐渐恢复,但5 h后,Ⅵ组HR极显著低于对照组(P＜0.01);左心室收缩压(LVSP)和左室内压最大变化速率(±dp/dtmax)呈逐渐下降趋势,左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)则逐渐升高,给药5 h后,Ⅳ、Ⅴ和Ⅵ组LVSP极显著低于对照组、Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P＜0.01),Ⅴ和Ⅵ组极显著低于Ⅳ组(P＜0.01)。Ⅱ组LVEDP显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),Ⅲ和Ⅳ组显著高于Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),极显著高于对照组和Ⅰ组(P＜0.01)。Ⅴ、Ⅵ组极显著高于其他各组(P＜0.01);Ⅰ~Ⅴ组呼吸逐渐加深加快。5 h后,Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组呼吸率显著高于对照组、Ⅰ和Ⅱ组(P＜0.05),但Ⅵ组呼吸率极显著低于Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ组(P＜0.01)。提示替米考星在治疗雏鸡疾病时饮水安全使用剂量为400~600 mg/L,超过800 mg/L时会对心肺功能产生明显影响。 相似文献
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试验旨在观察钼暴露对雌性小鼠肾脏脂质过氧化损伤及Smac蛋白表达的影响。选用60只35日龄健康雌性昆明小鼠,随机分成3组(对照组、补钼Ⅰ组、补钼Ⅱ组),分别饮用含钼浓度为0、200、400 mg/L的去离子水,连续染毒90 d后取样检测肾脏组织SOD活性和MDA含量,免疫组化法检测肾脏组织Smac蛋白表达。与对照组比较,补钼Ⅰ组SOD活性显著降低(P＜0.05),补钼Ⅱ组SOD活性极显著降低(P＜0.01);补钼Ⅱ组MDA含量较对照组显著升高(P＜0.05)。补钼Ⅰ组、补钼Ⅱ组小鼠肾皮质Smac蛋白表达极显著高于对照组(P＜0.01)。结果表明,钼暴露对小鼠肾脏能产生脂质过氧化损伤,钼可以通过上调线粒体促凋亡蛋白Smac蛋白表达参与肾脏的损伤过程。 相似文献
8.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加半胱胺盐酸盐(CSH)对冬毛期雄性水貂毛皮品质、血清生化和激素指标及肝脏相关基因表达的影响。选择160日龄体重[(2.13±0.10) kg]相近的健康冬毛期雄性水貂56只,随机分为7组,每组8个重复,每个重复1只。各组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0(Ⅰ组,对照组)、60(Ⅱ组)、90(Ⅲ组)、120(Ⅳ组)、60(Ⅴ组)、90(Ⅵ组)、120 mg/kg(Ⅶ组) CSH的试验饲粮;其中,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组添加方式为连续添加,Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组添加方式为间隔添加(连续添加1周,间隔1周)。预试期7 d,正试期51 d。结果表明:1)Ⅵ和Ⅶ组水貂皮长、针毛长度和绒毛长度显著或极显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。2)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组血清尿素氮含量显著或极显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组血清甘油三酯含量显著或极显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。3)Ⅵ组血清生长激素含量显著高于对照组和Ⅳ组(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅵ组血清生长抑素含量显著低于对照组和Ⅳ组(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组血清生长激素受体含量显著或极显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组血清胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ含量显著高于Ⅳ组(P0.05)。4)Ⅵ组肝脏胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ基因表达量显著高于对照组和Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P0.05),Ⅵ组肝脏胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ受体基因表达量显著高于Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组(P0.05),Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ组肝脏生长激素受体基因表达量显著或极显著高于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,冬毛期雄性水貂饲粮中CSH的适宜添加水平为90 mg/kg,适宜添加方式为间隔添加。 相似文献
9.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中不同锰水平对1~4周龄五龙鹅血清脂类代谢、抗氧化指标及器官组织中锰沉积量的影响,以确定鹅饲粮中锰适宜添加水平。试验选用1日龄体重相近的五龙鹅360只,随机分为6个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鹅(公母各占1/2)。对照组(Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮(锰含量为20 mg/kg),试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加30(Ⅱ组)、60(Ⅲ组)、90(Ⅳ组)、120(Ⅴ组)和150 mg/kg锰的试验饲粮(Ⅵ组)。试验期4周。结果表明:1)Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血清甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。各组血清碱性磷酸酶活性差异不显著(P0.05)。2)Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血清总抗氧化能力和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05);Ⅴ组血清丙二醛含量极显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P0.01),Ⅳ、Ⅵ组显著低于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(P0.05)。3)Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ组血清、心脏、肝脏和胰脏中锰沉积量极显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.01),Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清、心脏和肝脏中锰沉积量显著高于Ⅰ组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加锰能提高五龙鹅血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇含量,增强机体抗氧化能力,增加器官组织中锰沉积量。建议鹅饲粮中锰适宜添加水平为90~120 mg/kg。 相似文献
10.
通过向饮水中添加不同剂量钼,建立试验动物模型:对照组(0 mg/L)、钼Ⅰ组(12.5 mg/L)、钼Ⅱ组(25.0mg/L)、钼Ⅲ组(50mg/L)和钼Ⅳ组(100mg/L)。在试验处理第2周和第5周,给鸡接种新城疫疫苗;在试验处理第7周和第10周,采集血液制备血清,测定血清HI抗体效价和抗氧化指标。结果显示,添加50mg钼显著提高了鸡末期体质量(P0.05)和平均增质量(P0.05);钼处理组血清HI抗体效价均高于对照组,其中Ⅲ组和钼Ⅳ组与对照组相比差异极显著(P0.01);添加不同剂量钼提高了鸡血清TPr和Alb含量,XOD和ACP活性;添加不同剂量钼显著提高了鸡血清SOD、GSH-PX、GSH、NO及T-NOS等酶的活性,且呈剂量依赖关系。结果表明,添加钼能促进鸡生长、提高鸡的免疫功能及抗氧化能力。 相似文献
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Breed differences for weight (CW), height (CH), and condition score (CS) were estimated from records (n = 12,188) of 2- to 6-yr-old cows (n = 744) from Cycle IV of the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center's Germplasm Evaluation (GPE) Program. Cows were produced from mating Angus and Hereford dams to Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Shorthorn, Galloway, Longhorn, Nellore, Piedmontese, and Salers sires. Samples of Angus and Hereford sires were 1) reference sires born from 1962 through 1970 and 2) 1980s sires born in 1980 through 1987. The mixed model included cow age, season of measurement and their interactions, year of birth, pregnancy-lactation code (PL), and breedgroup as fixed effects for CW and CS. Analyses of weight adjusted for condition score included CS as a linear covariate. The model for CH excluded PL. Random effects were additive genetic and permanent environmental effects associated with the cow. Differences among breed groups were significant (P < 0.05) for all traits and were maintained through maturity with few interchanges in ranking. The order of F1 cows for weight was as follows: Charolais (506 to 635 kg for different ages), Shorthorn and Salers, reciprocal Hereford-Angus (HA) with 1980s sires, Nellore, HA with reference sires, Galloway, Piedmontese, and Longhorn (412 to 525 kg for different ages). Order for height was as follows: Nellore (136 to 140 cm), Charolais, Shorthorn, Salers, HA with 1980s sires, Piedmontese, Longhorn, Galloway and HA with reference sires (126 to 128 cm). Hereford and Angus cows with reference sires were generally lighter than those with 1980s sires. In general, breed differences for height followed those for weight except that F1 Nellore cows were tallest, which may in part be due to Bos taurus-Bos indicus heterosis for size. 相似文献
13.
In experiment 1, 6 pregnant mares received a concentrate that contained a trace mineral premix that provided 14.3 mg Cu, 40 mg Zn, 28 mg Fe, 28 mg Mn, 0.08 mg Co, 0.16 mg I, and 0.16 mg Se/kg concentrate (group A). Seven mares received the same concentrate plus 502 mg Zn and 127 mg Cu once daily (group B). No differences (P > .05) in foal growth data, or Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum were observed. In experiment 2, 6 pregnant mares received the same concentrate as group A (group C), and 8 mares received the same concentrate fortified with 4× the trace mineral premix (group D). Group C mares had higher serum Zn concentration at 1 day (P < 0.01) and 56 days (P < 0.04). Group C mares had higher milk Fe concentration at 28 days (P < .01), and group D mares had higher milk Cu concentration at 56 days (P < .01). Group C foals had higher serum Cu concentration at 14 days (P < .03). The results from this study provide no evidence to indicate that supplementing late gestating and lactating mares with higher dietary trace mineral levels than those recommended currently by NRC has any influence on foal growth and development, or on the Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations of the mare milk, mare serum, or foal serum. 相似文献
14.
Nadine Pa?lack Barbara Mainzer Monika Lahrssen-Wiederholt Helmut Schafft Richard Palavinskas Angele Breithaupt Jürgen Zentek 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2015,16(1):57-66
This study was conducted to measure the concentrations of strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and lead (Pb) in canine liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla, and the association of these concentrations with age, gender, and occurrence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Tissues from 50 dogs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Cu, Zn, and Mn levels were highest in the liver followed by the renal cortex and renal medulla. The highest Sr, Cd, and Se concentrations were measured in the renal cortex while lower levels were found in the renal medulla and liver. Female dogs had higher tissue concentrations of Sr (liver and renal medulla), Cd (liver), Zn (liver and renal cortex), Cr (liver, renal cortex, and renal medulla), and Pb (liver) than male animals. Except for Mn and Sb, age-dependent variations were observed for all element concentrations in the canine tissues. Hepatic Cd and Cr concentrations were higher in dogs with CKD. In conclusion, the present results provide new knowledge about the storage of specific elements in canine liver and kidneys, and can be considered important reference data for diagnostic methods and further investigations. 相似文献
15.
《饲料工业》2019,(18):54-58
应用电感耦合等离子-质谱技术(ICP-MS),建立饲料中钠、镁、铬、锰、铁、铜、锌、砷、硒、镉和铅等元素的测定方法。对饲料样品的前处理方法、仪器工作参数和11种元素标准曲线进行优化;并以加标回收、分析方法比对和重复测试说明方法的准确性和精密性。方法在0～1 000 ng/ml范围内线性良好,仪器检出限为0.557 7～5.072 ng/ml,具有良好的精密度,其回收率在88.1%～104.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于5.0%。同时与原子吸收和原子荧光方法进行比对,测定结果相近。所建立的方法简单、快速,可替代原子吸收和原子荧光方法测定饲料中的11种金属元素,为饲料的质量控制提供理想的元素分析方法。 相似文献
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K Reifenberg M Stahl U L?sch 《Zentralblatt für Veterin?rmedizin. Reihe B. Journal of veterinary medicine. Series B》1989,36(3):191-198
A simple two step procedure for the isolation of caprine, ovine, bovine, equine, canine, porcine and human peripheral blood granulocytes is described. After enrichment of granulocytes by centrifugation, contaminating erythrocytes are lysed hypotonically. Recovery, purity, and viability of the granulocyte suspensions are determined. FACScan analysis of the cell suspensions measuring cellular size by forward and sideward light scatter is compared with the corresponding analysis of whole blood leukocytes. Constituencies of the isolated cell suspensions and loss of granulocyte subpopulations through isolation procedure is discussed with regard to granulocyte function assays. 相似文献
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《The Journal of small animal practice》1975,16(1-12):143-154
Circular excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog were studied. A similar sequence of events took place in the two regions although differences did occur due to the different reactions of the tissues which surrounded the wounds. None of the wound cavities became filled with exudate during the early stages of healing. In the thoracic wounds the cavities were largely filled by the swelling and inward movement of adipose tissue. Epithelium first grew on the wound surface in the sector of the wound that was situated in the direction of hair flow. The average time to complete epithelization was similar in both sets of wounds. A zone of alopecia developed around the wounds. 相似文献