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1.
Soil organic carbon active fractions as early indicators for total carbon change under straw incorporation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Minggang Xu Yilai Lou Xiaolin Sun Wei Wang Muhammad Baniyamuddin Kai Zhao 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2011,47(7):745-752
Changes in total organic C (C
T), water-soluble organic C (C
WS), microbial biomass C (C
MB), C mineralization, particulate organic C (C
P), labile organic C (C
L), C management index (CMI), and C storage in surface Hapli-Ustic Cambisol (0–20 cm) under straw incorporation after both
2- and 10-year durations were investigated in a maize (Zea mays L.) field experiment in northeast China, in order to examine the effectiveness of these active C fractions and CMI as early
indicators for total C change. The treatments included straw removal (0%S), 50% of straw incorporation (50%S), and 100% of
straw incorporation (100%S). Under the straw incorporation, C
T concentration and C storage did not significantly change under 2-year duration, while were significantly increased under
10-year duration. However, C
MB, total C mineralization (C
TM), C
P, and C
L, and CMI were significantly increased under the straw incorporation even after only 2-year duration, and the responses were
more significant after 10-year duration. There were positive correlations between all these C indicators with each other.
Our findings demonstrate that the measured active C fractions (except for C
WS) and CMI can provide an early indication of change in total soil organic C induced by straw incorporation. 相似文献
2.
长期施肥对黄壤有机碳平衡及玉米产量的影响 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
基于长期定位试验,以黔中典型黄壤为研究对象,采用单因素方差分析、可持续性指数、稳定性指数等方法对长期定位试验获取的数据进行分析和比较,以探讨长期不同施肥处理对黄壤有机碳含量、有机碳平衡量、玉米产量稳定性、可持续性及其相互关系的影响。结果表明:(1)与施化肥和对照处理相比,施有机肥处理土壤有机碳含量明显升高,按大小排序依次为:MMNPK1/2M+1/2NPK1/4M+3/4NPK;(2)施有机肥处理黄壤有机碳平衡量为正值,且随有机肥施用量增加而增加,相反,施化肥和对照处理均为负值,大小依次为:MNPK、M1/2M+1/2NPK1/4M+3/4NPKNPKNKNPN、CKPK,各处理差异显著;(3)有机肥与化肥配施、有机肥单施及氮磷钾化肥协调施用更有利于提高玉米产量,排序为:MNPK1/4M+3/4NPK、1/2M+1/2NPKNPK、MNPNK、PK、NCK;(4)适量有机肥与化肥配施可提高玉米产量稳定性和可持续性(可持续性指数0.6,变异系数0.3),其中,1/4M+3/4NPK处理玉米产量稳定性和持续性最好;(5)玉米年产量与黄壤有机碳平衡量相关度较高,而玉米可持续性、稳定性则主要受有机碳含量影响。综上,有机肥与化肥配施有利于黄壤有机碳含量提升、玉米维持高产稳产。按适量"减肥"原则,以25%有机肥配施75%氮磷钾化肥效果最佳。 相似文献
3.
S.P. Mazumdar D.K. Kundu A.R. Saha B. Majumdar R. Saha A.K. Singh 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2018,64(11):1595-1607
Impacts of 43-year nutrient management on carbon (C) and nutrient dynamics were studied in a rice-wheat-jute system in tropical India. Carbon dynamics was investigated on the basis of its distribution of labile (microbial biomass C, permanganate oxidizable C and water soluble C) and slow pools (Walkley Black oxidizable organic C), its indices (C pool index, lability index) and C management index (CMI) at different soil depths. Nutrient dynamics was judged by major nutrients availability, and related soil enzymatic activities. We studied seven treatments including unfertilized control, 100% NPK (N:P2O5:K2O 60:30:60), 50% NPK, 150% NPK, 100% NP, 100% N, 100% NPK + farm yard manure (10 tonnes FYM ha?1). Nutrients availability and soil enzymatic activities were significantly increased under balanced fertilization (100% NPK + FYM) over other treatments. Labile, slow and total C was also found highest in 100% NPK + FYM. Enhanced C indices under 100% NPK + FYM over 100% NPK and other treatments signified the importance of long term balanced fertilization on soil C stabilization. Lability indexes were lower at sub-soil (30-45cm). In terms of favourable nutrient dynamics and CMI, balanced application of NPK plus organics were recommend for long term sustainability of rice-wheat-jute system in tropics. 相似文献
4.
长期施用有机肥增加黄壤稻田土壤微生物量碳氮 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：14
5.
Long-term impacts of manure, straw, and fertilizer on amino sugars in a silty clay loam soil under temperate conditions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There is increasing evidence that microorganisms participate in soil C sequestration and stabilization in the form of resistant microbial residues. The type of fertilizers influences microbial activity and community composition; however, little is known about its effect on the microbial residues and their relative contribution to soil C storage. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term impact (21 years) of different fertilizer treatments (chemical fertilizer, crop straw, and organic manure) on microbial residues in a silty clay loam soil (Udolls, USDA Soil Taxonomy). Amino sugars were used to indicate the presence and origin of microbial residues. The five treatments were: CK, unfertilized control; NPK, chemical fertilizer NPK; NPKS1, NPK plus crop straw; NPKS2, NPK plus double amounts of straw; and NPKM, NPK plus pig manure. Long-term application of inorganic fertilizers and organic amendments increased the total amino sugar concentrations (4.4–8.4 %) as compared with the control; and this effect was more evident in the plots that continuously received pig manure (P?<?0.05). The increase in total amino sugar stock was less pronounced in the straw-treated plots than the NPKM. These results indicate that the accumulation of soil amino sugars is largely influenced by the type of organic fertilizers entering the soil. Individual amino sugar enrichment in soil organic carbon was differentially influenced by the various fertilizer treatments, with a preferential accumulation of bacterial-derived amino sugars compared with fungal-derived glucosamine in manured soil. 相似文献
6.
不同培肥处理对土壤溶解性有机碳含量及特性的影响 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
以黄土高原南部地区的长期肥料定位试验为研究对象,通过室内测定及培养试验研究了不施肥(CK)、撂荒(FA)、施氮磷钾肥(NPK)、氮磷钾配施有机肥(MNPK)和氮磷钾配施秸秆(SNPK)培肥处理土壤中溶解性有机碳(DOC)的含量、结构特性及其降解特性。结果表明,在0～20 cm耕层土壤中,不同培肥处理土壤中DOC的含量变化范围在4.65～8.94 mg kg-1之间,平均为6.42 mg kg-1,各培肥处理间差异明显,其大小顺序为MNPKSNPKNPKFACK。由DOC溶液的UV280吸收值和腐殖化指数(HIXem)可以得出,不同培肥处理土壤中溶解性有机物中结构相对复杂的芳香化合物所占的比例明显不同,其大小顺序为SNPKMNPKFANPKCK。经过7d的生物降解培养,不同培肥处理土壤DOC溶液的降解率变化范围在19.3%～48.5%之间,平均为28.6%,其大小顺序为CKFANPKSNPKMNPK。随着培养的进行,DOC溶液中结构较为复杂的溶解性有机物的比例上升。 相似文献
7.
Sándor Hoffmann Elke Schulz Gábor Csitári László Bankó 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(6):627-635
Abstract The influence of farmyard manure (FYM) and equivalent mineral NPK application on organic matter content, hot water extractable carbon (HWC), microbial biomass C (Cmic), and grain yields in a long-term field experiment was assessed after 40 years in Hungary. The unfertilized plot, FYM fertilized plots and plots fertilized with equivalent NPK fertilizer contained 0.99%, 1.13% and 1.05% total organic carbon (TOC) respectively. Compared to the unfertilized plot, FYM application resulted in 8.2% higher TOC than equivalent NPK fertilization. The highest TOC was only 1.21%, much lower than expected for a soil containing 21.3% of clay. The quantity of HWC varied depending on the type of fertilization: Compared to control, FYM treatments lead to 29% more HWC than mineral fertilization (FYM: 328 mg kg?1; NPK: 264 mg kg?1). The impact of FYM and equivalent NPK fertilizer on Cmic was contrary. FYM and NPK resulted in 304 and 423 mg kg?1 Cmic, respectively. The difference was 119 mg kg?1; 42% as compared to the unfertilized plot. Despite the higher HWC content, FYM treatments lead to significantly less (35%) grain yields than equivalent NPK doses; Cmic content showed closer correlation to grain yields. 相似文献
8.
Impacts of 22-year organic and inorganic N managements on soil organic C fractions in a maize field,northeast China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Impacts of 22-year organic and inorganic N managements on total organic carbon (TOC), water-soluble organic C (WSOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), particulate organic C (POC) and KMnO4 oxidized organic C (KMnO4-C) concentrations, C management index (CMI), and C storage in surface soil (0–20 cm) were investigated in a maize (Zea may L.) field experiment, Northeast China. The treatments included, CK: unfertilized control, M: organic manure (135 kg N ha− 1 year− 1), N: inorganic N fertilizer (135 kg N ha− 1 year− 1) and MN: combination of organic manure (67.5 kg N ha− 1 year− 1) and inorganic N fertilizer (67.5 kg N ha− 1 year− 1). TOC concentration and C storage were significantly increased under the M and MN treatments, but not under the inorganic N treatment. The organic treatments of M and MN were more effective in increasing WSOC, MBC, POC and KMnO4-C concentrations and CMI than the N treatment. The M treatment was most effective for sequestrating SOC (10.6 Mg ha− 1) and showed similar increase in degree of grain yield to the N and MN treatments, therefore it could be the best option for improving soil productivity and C storage in the maize cropping system. 相似文献
9.
为了解西南黄壤性水稻土长期施肥效应,通过连续19年长期定位试验,分析了西南黄壤性水稻土单施化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)、1/2有机肥和1/2化肥配施(0.5MNPK)、全量有机肥和全量化肥配施(MNPK)4种施肥模式对作物产量、氮肥利用率的影响及变化特征。结果表明:长期施用化肥或有机肥可显著增加作物产量,NPK、M、0.5MNPK、MNPK比CK分别显著增产56.2%、57.8%、65.0%、74.0%;各施肥处理氮肥偏生产力(PFP_N)、氮肥内部利用率(IE_N)、氮肥回收利用率(RE_N)、氮肥累积利用率(ARE_N)分别为10.9~20.7kg·kg~(-1)、44.7~53.8 kg·kg~(-1)、13.6%~19.6%、12.0%~16.9%,均以0.5MNPK最高,MNPK最低,高量氮肥施用导致氮肥利用率较低;长期单施化肥处理氮肥利用率随时间保持持平或呈下降趋势,施用有机肥的各处理氮肥利用率随时间呈显著上升趋势,尤其是氮肥累积利用率呈极显著上升趋势。长期施用有机肥尤其是有机无机配施作物产量稳定且氮肥利用率稳步提高。因此,常年高量施氮的黄壤性水稻土可适量减少氮肥用量,相应的进行有机无机肥料的合理配施是提高作物产量和肥料利用率的有效措施。 相似文献
10.
We investigated C management index (CMI; an indicator of sustainability of a management system and is based on total and labile
C) and soil aggregation in medium-textured soils (silt loam and silty clay loam) under different cropping systems as follows:
maize-wheat (M-W), rice-wheat (R-W), soybean-wheat (S-W), Guinea grass, and Setaria grass. Field experiments were 6–32 years
long and were located in the wet-temperate zone of northwest Himalayas. The plant nutrients were applied through chemical
fertilizers (urea, superphosphate, and muriate of potash) with or without organic materials (FYM, wheat straw, and Lantana spp.). The content of total C (CT), labile C (CL), CMI, mean weight diameter (MWD), and aggregate porosity varied significantly under different cropping systems. The range
was 1.59 (R-W)–4.29% (Setaria) for CT, 1.23 (R-W)–3.89 mg/kg (Guinea grass) for CL, 52.09 (R-W)–129.77 (Guinea grass) for CMI, 0.90 (R-W)–5.09 (Guinea grass) for MWD, and 41.5 (R-W)–56.8% (S-W) for aggregate
porosity. Aggregate porosity was highest (56.8%) under S-W, followed by grasses (50.1–51.2%), and M/R-W (41.5–50.0%). As per
these data, (a) continuous use of N alone as urea lowered soil sustainability over control (no fertilizers); (b) use of NPK
at recommended rates improved soil productivity over control; (c) the NPK + organic amendments further improved soil sustainability;
and (d) the sustainability under different cropping systems followed the order: perennial grasses > soybean-wheat > maize-wheat
> rice-wheat. 相似文献
11.
Xiaomin Feng Hongjun Gao Rattan Lal Ping Zhu Chang Peng Aixing Deng 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(13):1831-1844
ABSTRACTA long-term field experiment was performed to assess the effects of fertilization regimes on greenhouse gas emissions, soil properties, soil denitrifies, and maize (Zea mays) grain yield on Mollisols of Northeastern China. Chemical nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizers plus pig manure (MNPK) treatment significantly increased soil N2O emissions by 29.9–226.4% and global warming potential (GWP) by 29.8–230.7% compared to unfertilized control (CK), chemical N fertilizer only (N), chemical N, P, and K fertilizers (NPK) and chemical N, P, and K fertilizers plus corn straw (SNPK) treatments. However, the MNPK treatment yielded similar greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) as compared with other treatments, mainly due to higher maize grain yield. There were also higher gene copy numbers of nirK, nirS, and nosZ in topsoil (0–20 cm depth) under MNPK treatment. Automatic linear modeling analysis indicated that main factors influencing soil N2O emissions were soil organic carbon (SOC), NO3? content, and nirK gene abundance. Although the application of chemical fertilizers plus organic manure increases N2O emissions due to higher N and C availability and nirK gene activity in the soil, this is still a promising fertilizer management due to its notable enhancement of maize grain yield and SOC content. 相似文献
12.
有机培肥显著提升矿区复垦土壤活性有机碳含量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
13.
Effects of 17-year fertilization on soil microbial biomass C and N and soluble organic C and N in loessial soil during maize growth 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
As labile organic pools, soluble organic matter and soil microbial biomass are sensitive to changes in soil management and
therefore good indicators of soil quality. Effects of a 17-year long-term fertilization on soil microbial biomass C (SMBC)
and N (SMBN), soluble organic C, and soluble organic N during the maize growing season were evaluated in a loess soil (Eum-Orthic
Anthrosol) in northwest China. The fertilization treatments included no fertilizer (CK), inorganic N, P, and K fertilizer
(NPK), cattle manure plus NPK fertilizer (MNPK), and straw plus NPK fertilizer (SNPK). Our results showed that C storage in
the 0–20 cm soil layer was 28% to 81% higher in the fertilized treatments compared to the unfertilized treatment. In the 0–10 cm
soil layer, SMBC and SMBN in the three fertilized treatments were higher than in the unfertilized treatment on all sampling
dates, while microbial biomass C and N in the 0−10 cm soil layers were the highest at grain filling. In the same soil layer,
soil-soluble organic C generally decreased in the order MNPK > SNPK > NPK > CK, while soluble organic N was the highest in
the MNPK followed by the SNPK treatment. There was no significant difference in soluble organic N in the NPK and CK treatments
throughout most of the maize growing season. Changes in soluble organic N occurred along the growing season and were more
significant than those for soluble organic C. Soluble organic N was the highest at grain filling and the lowest at harvest.
Overall, our results indicated that microbial biomass and soluble organic N in the surface soil were generally the highest
at grain filling when maize growth was most vigorous. Significant positive relationships were found between soluble organic
C and SMBC and between soluble organic N and SMBN. 相似文献
14.
长期有机无机肥配施增强黄壤性水稻土有机氮的物理保护作用 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
【目的】土壤有机碳物理一化学联合分组方法很好地联系了有机碳的多种稳定机制,成为深入研究土壤有机碳组分特征的有效手段。本研究旨在利用该方法研究长期施肥对黄壤性水稻土有机氮组分特征的影响,为合理施肥提供理论依据。【方法】基于南方黄壤性水稻土18年长期施肥定位试验,分析了不同施肥处理土壤有机氮组分含量及分配比例的变化。试验处理包括不施肥对照(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)、无机肥配施低量有机肥(0.5MNPK)和无机肥配施高量有机肥(MNPK)。【结果】单施化肥处理(NPK)水稻土总有机氮及各组分有机氮含量与不施肥对照相比无显著变化,施用有机肥处理(M、0.5MNPK、MNPK)则显著提高了土壤总有机氮、游离态粗颗粒、物理保护、化学保护及生物化学保护有机氮含量提高幅度分别为27%~51%、23%~39%、128%~274%、29%~42%和13%~28%,以有机无机肥配施最为显著,但降低了游离态细颗粒有机氮含量。在各个氮组分中游离态颗粒有机氮占总有机氮比例最高(46%~50%)物理保护有机氮比例最低(2%~6%)。与不施肥(CK)及单施化肥处理(NPK)相比,有机肥处理(M、0.5MNPK、MNPK)提高了土壤物理保护有机氮的分配比例。【结论】长期施肥土壤各组分有机氮及总有机氮两两之间均呈显著相关关系只有游离细颗粒有机氮与物理保护有机氮呈负相关关系。长期施用有机肥,极大改善土壤团聚体结构促进游离细颗粒有机氮的包裹,进而提高物理保护有机氮的相对比例,土壤有机氮的物理保护作用相对增强。因此,有机无机肥配施是提高稻田土壤有机氮含量的最有效措施。 相似文献
15.
The large dryland area of the Loess Plateau (China) is subject of developing strategies for a sustainable crop production, e.g., by modifications of nutrient management affecting soil quality and crop productivity. A 19 y long‐term experiment was employed to evaluate the effects of fertilization regimes on soil organic C (SOC) dynamics, soil physical properties, and wheat yield. The SOC content in the top 20 cm soil layer remained unchanged over time under the unfertilized plot (CK), whereas it significantly increased under both inorganic N, P, and K fertilizers (NPK) and combined manure (M) with NPK (MNPK) treatments. After 18 y, the SOC in the MNPK and NPK treatments remained significantly higher than in the control in the top 20 cm and top 10 cm soil layers, respectively. The MNPK‐treated soil retained significant more water than CK at tension ranges from 0 to 0.25 kPa and from 8 to 33 kPa for the 0–5 cm layer. The MNPK‐treated soil also retained markedly more water than the NPK‐treated and CK soils at tensions from 0 to 0.75 kPa and more water than CK from 100 to 300 kPa for the 10–15 cm layer. There were no significant differences of saturated hydraulic conductivity between three treatments both at 0–5 and 10–15 cm depths. In contrast, the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in the MNPK plot was lower than in the CK plot at depths of 0–5 cm and 10–15 cm. On average, wheat yields were similar under MNPK and NPK treatments and significantly higher than under the CK treatment. Thus, considering soil‐quality conservation and sustainable crop productivity, reasonably combined application of NPK and organic manure is a better nutrient‐management option in this rainfed wheat–fallow cropping system. 相似文献
16.
长期施肥对黄棕壤性水稻土氨氧化细菌多样性的影响 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
以湖北省农科院长期施肥试验站的黄棕壤性水稻土为研究对象,采用PCR-DGGE方法,研究了氮肥（N）、氮磷（NP）、氮磷钾（NPK）、有机肥（M）、有机肥+氮磷钾（MNPK） 长期施用对土壤氨氧化细菌遗传多样性的影响。结果表明,与长期不施肥处理（CK）相比,长期施肥提高了黄棕壤性水稻土有机质、全氮、微生物量碳氮（SMB-C、SMB-N）含量,并改变了氨氧化细菌的群落结构。其中有机肥与化肥长期配施下氨氧化细菌的多样性高于化肥处理。氨氧化细菌聚类分析表明,稻麦收获后土壤氨氧化细菌DGGE图谱分别聚为一个族群;同一作物收获后,M和MNPK聚为一类,N、NP、NPK和CK聚为一类,后者内部分类在两季作物间有差别。DGGE指纹图谱条带序列分析表明,供试土壤的优势氨氧化细菌为-变形菌纲的亚硝化单胞菌和亚硝化螺旋菌。 相似文献
17.
施肥措施对复垦土壤团聚体碳氮含量和作物产量的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
研究复垦后不同施肥措施下有机碳（OC）和全氮（TN）在水稳性团聚体及粉黏粒组分中的分布特征,以期深入理解不同施肥措施下土壤有机碳的固持机制。以生土和连续6年不同施肥措施的复垦土壤为研究对象,采集0～20 cm耕层土壤样品,利用湿筛法进行土壤粒径分组,分析大粒径大团聚体（> 2 mm）、小粒径大团聚体（0.25～2 mm）、微团聚体（0.053～0.25 mm）和粉黏粒组分（< 0.053 mm）中OC和TN含量,判断各粒径团聚体及粉黏粒组分中有机碳储量的驱动因素,探究团聚体及粉黏粒组分中有机碳含量与作物产量之间的关系。试验设不施肥（CK）、施氮磷钾化肥（NPK）、单施有机肥（M）和有机无机肥配施（MNPK）4个处理。结果表明：1）整个试验周期（2008-2013年）,同CK相比, NPK、M以及MNPK处理均显著提高了玉米籽粒产量,且以MNPK处理的效果最显著,分别提高了79.49%、116.07%和113.85%。 相似文献
18.
Temporal variations of physical soil properties in the “Static Fertilization Experiment” The objective of the present paper was to observe short-term changes in physical soil properties of a differently fertilized loess-Chernozem. Samples were taken weekly from the plots with 17.2 g Corg kg?1 (unfertilized) and 25.0 g Corg kg?1 (NPK + farmyard manure) of the “Static Fertilization Experiment”, Bad Lauchstädt, and their moisture contents (θ), bulk densities (?d) and particle densities (?s) were determined. The soil moisture contents showed very similar variations in the two treatments. Clear differences between the unfertilized (≈ 16 Vol.-%) and the NPK + farmyard manure treatment (≈ 10 Vol.-%) only occurred during summer (means 25th–29th week). The values for ?d were lower in the NPK + farmyard manure plot (mean: –0.10 g cm?3). Similar short-term changes in ?d were found in both treatments and correlated to both, organic matter contents and composition (Corg, Nt, C/N). These data, however, gave no indication of reasons for the short-term changes in particle densities up to 0.09 g cm?3. 相似文献
19.
Fate of 15 N-labeled fertilizer in soils under dryland agriculture after 19 years of different fertilizations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Bin Liang Xueyun Yang Daniel V. Murphy Xinhua He Jianbin Zhou 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2013,49(8):977-986
This study addressed if long-term combined application of organic manure and inorganic fertilizers could improve the synchrony between nitrogen (N) supply and crop demand. 15?N-labeled urea was applied to micro-plots within three different fertilized treatments (no fertilizer, No-F soil; inorganic NPK fertilizers, NPK soil; and manure plus inorganic NPK fertilizers, MNPK soil) of a long-term field trial (1990–2009) in a dryland wheat field in the south Loess Plateau, China. After one season of wheat harvest, 15?N use efficiency was 20, 58, and 65 % in the No-F, NPK, and MNPK soil, respectively. During the early wheat growth stage, microbial immobilization of applied 15?N was significantly (P?<?0.05) highest in the MNPK soil (15.3 %), higher in the NPK soil (12.6 %), and lowest in the No-F soil (7.4 %). Of the 15?N immobilized by the soil microbial biomass, 69 % (NPK soil) to 83 % (MNPK soil) was released between the stem elongation and flowering of wheat. Compared with the NPK soil, the MNPK soil had significantly (P?<?0.05) higher grain yield. Our findings highlight that long-term application of organic manure with inorganic fertilizers cannot only improve the synchrony of N supply for crop demand but also increase N use efficiency and grain yield. 相似文献
20.
采用盆栽试验和短期矿化培养相结合的方法,研究了施入15N标记氮肥(+N)及其与秸秆配施(+1/2N+1/2S)在3种长期(19年)不同培肥土壤(即:No-F,长期不施肥土壤;NPK,长期施用NPK化肥土壤;MNPK,长期有机无机肥配施土壤)中的残留及其矿化和作物吸收特性。结果表明,第一季小麦收获后,+1/2N+1/2S处理下三供试土壤和+N处理下的NPK和MNPK土壤残留肥料氮(残留15N)中有82.6%~95.1%以有机态存,而+N处理下No-F土壤残留15N有47.7%以矿质态存在。经过28 d矿化培养后,与NPK土壤相比,MNPK土壤氮素净矿化量显著增加,增幅为39%~49%;NPK和MNPK土壤残留肥料氮(残留15N)矿化量为1.23~1.90 mg kg-1,占总残留15N的2.78%~5.53%,均显著高于No-F土壤。与+N处理相比,+1/2N+1/2S处理显著提高了3供试土壤氮素净矿化量,但两施肥处理对NPK和MNPK土壤残留15N矿化量无显著影响。+N处理下No-F土壤残留15N的利用率为20%,显著高于NPK(9%)和MNPK(12%)土壤。两种施肥处理下,MNPK土壤残留15N的利用率均显著高于NPK土壤。短期培养期间土壤氮素矿化量和第二季小麦生育期作物吸氮量呈显著性正相关,而残留15N矿化量和第二季小麦吸收残留15N量间无显著性相关关系。长期有机无机配施可以提高土壤残留肥料氮的矿化量及有效性。 相似文献