共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 578 毫秒
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《渔业现代化》2015,(5)
为了解影响微孔曝气设备增氧效果的因素及实际使用效果,按照CJ/T 3015.2—1993《曝气器清水增氧性能测定》标准要求在1 m×1 m×6 m方形水池中对长度1m、内径57.4 mm的曝气管进行试验。设定3个不同池塘水深组(2 m、3 m和4 m),在每个水深工况下调节3组不同的通气量(1 m3/h、2 m3/h和3 m3/h),对微孔曝气增氧设备的增氧能力和动力效率进行试验、分析。结果显示,微孔曝气增氧时,增氧能力随曝气管浸没水深的增大而提高;动力效率随着浸没深度的增加而提高;增氧能力随通气量的增加呈线性提高;动力效率随着通气量的增加呈下降趋势。研究表明,曝气管浸没水深和通气量的大小是影响微孔曝气增氧性能的重要因素。试验结果对微孔曝气增氧机的实际应用具有一定的指导作用。 相似文献
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典型增氧设备在养殖池塘中组合应用的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
叶轮式、水车式、射流式和曝气式增氧机是目前我国池塘养殖使用的主要增氧设备;由于结构形式和工作原理的不同,4种形式的增氧机有不同的特点和功能。为提高养殖池塘增氧设备的增氧效果,通过增氧设备对养殖池塘水体不同深度增氧效果的试验和养殖池塘自然增氧的试验,分析了4种典型的增氧设备的增氧性能和特点,提出了叶轮式增氧机与耕水机、水车式增氧机与耕水机、水车式增氧机与射流式增氧机以及曝气增氧机与耕水机组合配置使用的混合增氧模式,可以优势互补,充分发挥各种形式增氧设备功能。通过组合使用,达到对养殖池塘水体最大限度的增氧效果的目的。 相似文献
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微孔曝气增氧机的增氧能力试验 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
为探究微孔曝气增氧机对氧气的传递效果,从研究增氧能力出发,依据SC/T6009-1999增氧机增氧能力试验方法的标准检测程序,以直径为10m的标准室内水池作为试验平台,试验水温为20℃、气压为101.325kPa、初始溶氧浓度为0mg/L;试验用水为清水,将微孔曝气增氧机与射流式增氧机进行对比试验研究。研究结果表明,微孔曝气增氧机能有效增加水体底部溶解氧,与1.5kW射流式增氧机相比,射流式增氧机的增氧能力平均值为2.4kg/h,微孔曝气增氧机布管长度为20m时,增氧能力平均值为0.25kg/h,布管长度为42m时,增氧能力平均值为0.40kg/h,布管长度为98m时,增氧能力平均值为1.12kg/h,布管长度为200m时,增氧能力平均值为1.55kg/h,所以在目前试验布管密度条件下,增氧能力可以超过射流式增氧机。在进气口压力相同的情况下,微孔曝气增氧机增氧速度随着布管长度增加而增加。 相似文献
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增氧机池塘增氧效果试验的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究不同型式的增氧机性能,可使生产者根据不同养殖对象与模式针对溶氧的需求,选择配置合适的增氧方式。通过对使用最为广泛的叶轮式、水车式、射流式和曝气式增氧机产品性能的池塘实效试验,分析比较各类增氧机性能、工作特性和适用范围。结果表明,养殖水体溶解氧主要来自浮游植物的光合作用;叶轮式、水车式和射流式增氧机应用于服务水域,其增氧能力远远不能满足该水域养殖鱼类的氧需求,但可满足养殖鱼类的应急氧需求;曝气式增氧机因没有应急增氧作用和水体搅拌能力而不适合四大家鱼等常规鱼种的养殖需要。 相似文献
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《渔业现代化》2019,(6)
为研究涌浪式增氧机的性能,对13台样机按照标准规定的方法进行增氧性能试验,并对结果数据进行统计分析,同时在养殖池塘中进行提水性能和造浪性能的试验。结果显示:涌浪式增氧机的绝对增氧能力与同功率水车增氧机相近,在标准水池试验的平均增氧能力Q_S和动力效率E_S达到SC/T6017—1999《水车式增氧机》标准的要求;1.5 kW涌浪式增氧机的提水性能可以达到3 006.05 m~3/h,提水动力效率为1 869.4 m~3/kW·h,理论上,一台1.5 kW的涌浪式增氧机运行1 h可以完成一个100 m×50 m标准养殖池塘底层水体和上层水体的交换;涌浪式增氧机可以在距离固定位置30 m的水面形成波幅为80 mm的波浪。研究表明:在实际使用中,涌浪式增氧机的增氧效率优于水车式增氧机;在相同面积的养殖池塘中,使用相同功率涌浪式增氧机的数量比叶轮式增氧机的要少。 相似文献
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水产养殖常用的增氧设备主要有叶轮式增氧机、水车式增氧机、流射式增氧机、喷水式增氧机和曝气增式氧机等。叶轮式或水车式增氧机主要是设置在水体上层,单独使用很难满足养殖池塘的立体增氧要求,而且能耗相对较高。曝气增氧又可细分为气石曝气增氧和微孔管曝气增氧两种,其区别在于气体的扩散器, 相似文献
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为解决河南中牟县万滩镇养殖池塘机械增氧技术单一的问题,通过试验研究微孔式、水车式、涌浪式等几种增氧机的性能及使用方式,以达到提升增氧效果和提高养殖效益的目的。结果表明,该地区池塘溶氧含量高而利用率低,养殖户传统增氧方法不当。适宜增氧方式为:涌浪式增氧机适合在晴天下午使用3~6 h,可有效提升周边20 m范围内底层水体的溶氧水平;投食前后半小时开启和关闭微孔式、水车式增氧机,可提升投食期间投饵区溶氧水平1~2 mg/L,保证鱼群的进食效果;夜间搭配使用微孔式和低功率叶轮式增氧机增氧,可使微孔区域底层水体溶氧比不增氧状态高出1 mg/L以上。 相似文献
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Engineering considerations for paddlewheel aeration in vegetated shallow water ponds for the production of procambarid crawfish is necessary to ensure cost-effective application. Three experimental ponds (approximately 2 ha each) were planted with rice in August as forage for the resident pond population of red swamp crawfish, Procambarus clarkii, and flooded in October. Two 2.2 kW (3 hp), single-phase electric motor (110 Vac) paddlewheel aerators were placed in each pond. The aerator rotors were 160-cm long and 95-cm in diameter. The aerator rotor had 36 paddles with half the paddles 27.3-cm long and half 34.9-cm long. Rotor speed was set at 83 rpm and operated at three paddle submergence settings: 7.6, 12.7, and 17.8 cm below the water surface. Over a 20-week period between November and April, channel velocity, head difference, and aerator amperage was measured for both one and two aerators in operation in each pond. Results indicated that circulation of oxygenated water from the aerators can be accomplished as efficiently with a single aerator set at a lower paddle depth (7.6-cm) compared to operating two aerators set at a greater paddle depth (12.7 or 17.8-cm). However, based on the apparent efficiency of the aerators and the calculated channel roughness coefficients values obtained from the channel velocities, paddlewheel aerators are an inefficient option for circulating the pond water especially when rice foliage dominants the total vegetative biomass of the pond. 相似文献
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Aeration cost is the third largest cost in intensive aquaculture system after post larvae and feed cost representing about 15% of total production cost. Therefore, selection of aerators plays a major role in maximizing the profit in such system. Over the years, various types of aerators have been developed specifically to enhance the production of aquatic species. The performances of these aerators are generally compared in terms of standard aeration efficiency. However, suitability of a particular aerator at different pond sizes and water quality conditions can best be determined in terms of aeration cost per unit time of operation. In the present study, economic performance of five different aeration systems – circular stepped cascade (CSC), pooled circular stepped cascade (PCSC), 1-hp paddle wheel, 2-hp paddle wheel and propeller aspirator pump were evaluated and compared at different pond sizes, initial DO concentrations of pond and operating hours of aerators; assuming a typical Indian major carp (IMC) culture with commonly practiced stocking density and feeding. Both CSC and PCSC aerators were found to be suitable for pond size less than 1000 m3. However, for pond sizes more than 5000 m3, 1-hp paddle wheel and 2-hp paddle wheel aerators were found to be efficient. 相似文献
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水产养殖过程中,池塘生态系统可分为自成熟期和人工维持期。在养殖容量提高的情况下,养殖生物呼吸需氧量在不断增加,缺氧条件下有机物分解成有害物质,影响养殖生产。维持池塘生态系统稳定的主要工程机制为:通过上下水层交换、平衡营养元素等方法,强化光合作用,提高营养物质转化规模,提升初级生产力;形成生态增氧为主、机械增氧为辅的高效增氧机制。以中国养殖池塘生态系统为研究对象,分析探讨养殖池塘生态机制、水体溶氧理论、增氧机作用机理、不同类型增氧机的机械性能等,提出了大宗淡水鱼混养池塘及几种典型单养池塘增氧机配置方式,从而为池塘养殖系统增氧机的配置提供技术参考。 相似文献
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水车式增氧机性能试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了水车式增氧机在清水试验中的增氧能力、动力效率以及实际养殖池塘试验中上下水层溶解氧变化。结果表明,水车式增氧机对于水深为1 m以内的养殖水体具有良好的增氧和搅拌效果,开启100 min左右,可使距增氧机10 m、水深0.9 m处水体溶氧值从6.5 mg/L左右上升到8.7 mg/L左右,和上层水体溶氧值趋于一致;运转时可形成一股较大的定向水流,对鳗鱼等喜好水流的鱼类较为适合。但水车式增氧机对<1.5 m的底层水体增氧作用较弱。本研究为水车式增氧机池塘养殖的运用提供了有益的借鉴。 相似文献
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《Journal Of Applied Aquaculture》2013,25(2):63-78
Oxygen transfer rates for mechanical aerators are usually determined by standard aeration tests conducted in concrete tanks. Results from standard tests are then extrapolated to field application of the aerators in aquaculture ponds, but these extrapolations have not been verified. In this study, oxygen transfer rates were estimated for propeller-aspirator-pump aerators deployed in brackish water aquaculture ponds under normal pond conditions. Estimation was accomplished by fitting the Whole Pond Respiration Diffusion (WPRD) model to nighttime observations of dissolved oxygen concentration for ponds in which artificial aeration had been initiated during the night. Application of this new technique revealed that oxygen transfer rate determined from a standard aeration test was similar to that estimated from trials in aquaculture ponds. Preliminary results suggest that oxygen transfer rates were higher when the aerator was placed in the deep end of the ponds than when the aerator was situated in the shallow end. Aeration efficiencies ranged from 1.45 to 1.8 kg O 2 per kW-hour. 相似文献
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Roy Subha M. P Jayraj Machavaram Rajendra Pareek C. M. Mal B. C. 《Aquaculture International》2021,29(3):1181-1217
The growing intensive aquaculture system around the world maintains a high stocking density, wherein it is essential to increase and sustain the optimum dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) through the provision of artificial aeration systems. The selection of an aerator is a crucial aspect of aquaculture operations. The selected aerator must be economically efficient and should be able to fulfill the requirement of oxygen supply in the pond water. The present study provides an extensive literature review on the importance of artificial aeration in aquaculture, the standard method of test for performance evaluation of an aerator, various aeration systems and their mechanisms, method to determine the numbers of aerator requirement, comparative studies of different type of aerators, and economic consideration in selection of aerators. In addition, a thorough analysis has been done to suggest the type of aerator that is economically viable and efficient for different pond volumes based on the performance data reported in the reviews. Therefore, this study may help the end-users (fish farmers) to select the best aerator based on their requirements.
相似文献18.
Aerators are essential for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level in shrimp culture operations. Many types of aerators are promoted as suitable for shrimp culture, but their comparative efficiencies and water circulation patterns are least understood. The aerators viz, modified paddlewheel, Scorpion jet, Venture jet, Wavesurge were evaluated to compare the standard aeration efficiency at different saline conditions with the commonly used paddle wheel. The modified paddlewheel had the highest mean aeration efficiency of 2.018 kg O2/ kWh at 35‰, followed by the paddlewheel with 1.434 kg O2/ kWh at 20‰ water salinity. Compared to this, the Scorpion jet and the Wavesurge have shown the highest aeration efficiency of 0.667 and 0.412 kg O2/ kWh at 20 and 35‰ water salinities, respectively, whereas the Venture jet has given only. The aerator's performance was better at medium water salinities (20 and 35‰) than low (5‰) or high saline (50‰) conditions. In addition to aeration, the paddlewheel aerator has given the maximum water circulation speed 3 ft/sec and coverage distance of 24 m. The cost economics were derived by keeping all other expenses constant except aeration associated costs. The internal rate of returns in shrimp culture with a modified paddle wheel was 127 % compared to the commonly used paddle wheel (120 %). However, the scorpion and wavesurge aerators have shown returns of 47 % and 27 % respectively across the salinities. The selection and sizing of aerators based on the biomass and efficiency of the aeration systems can make considerable headway in decreasing the cost of production and energy use. 相似文献
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Jayanthi Marappan Balasubramaniam Ambattaiyanpatti Anathaikamatchi Suryaprakash Sakkarai Ravisankar Thiagarajan Duraisamy Muthusamy Manimaran Kuppusamy Muralidhar Moturi Aritra Bera Puthiavan Ramasamy Sivagnanam Shanmugam 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(5):2112-2124
The selection of aerators and correct numbers can play an essential role in reducing the cost of production in aquaculture. The new generation aerators, namely spiral leaf, air‐jet, submersible and impeller, used in aquaculture, were assessed for its aeration efficiency and energy cost compared with the commonly used paddle wheel aerator. Of the aerators tested, the impeller had the highest aeration efficiency of 2.098 kg O2/kW hr, followed by paddle wheel with 1.436 kg O2/kW hr at 20‰ salinity. The spiral and air‐jet aerators had maximum aeration efficiency of 1.326 and 1.419 kg O2/kW hr, respectively, at 35‰ salinity. The submersible aerator was not efficient as its maximum efficiency was 0.380 kg O2/kW hr. The water flow by paddle wheel was 3 ft/sec and also provides better coverage than other types of aerators. The efficiency of aerators was high in optimum salinities (20‰ and 35‰) than the low or high saline condition. The average energy cost of shrimp pond aeration per hectare was lowest for impeller, followed by paddle wheel aerator. The study provided economic comparisons of vannamei culture using different aeration systems by keeping a uniform set of economic assumptions. Shrimp farms with impellors can give 14%–25% high returns across salinities, whereas spiral leaf can provide 5% high returns at 35‰ salinity. The combination of the type of aerators and the calculated use based on the salinity of the culture systems can result in energy‐saving and also a reduction in the production cost. 相似文献