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牡丹常见品种花瓣中主要营养成分与食用安全性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以洛阳牡丹常见的5个品种"凤丹白"、"日暮"、"赵粉"、"红株女"和"粉中冠"为试材,研究其盛花期花瓣中总糖、总蛋白、维生素C和5种元素(砷、铜、钒、硒、铬)的含量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力。结果表明:5个牡丹品种花瓣中均含有丰富的糖类、蛋白质和维生素C,并具有较高的SOD活力。"凤丹白"和"日暮"花瓣中砷元素、"赵粉"花瓣中硒元素、"红株女"和"粉中冠"花瓣中铬元素含量均略高于国家食品卫生标准中对蔬菜的限量标准,而作为粮食加工食品时,5个牡丹品种花瓣中的砷、铜、钒、硒、铬元素含量均低于或远低于国家限量标准。 相似文献
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‘凤丹白’牡丹核型分析与减数分裂的细胞遗传学观察 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对江南牡丹品种‘凤丹白’的核型和花粉母细胞减数分裂行为进行研究。结果表明: ‘凤丹白’为二倍体, 染色体数2n=10, 核型公式: 2n=2x=10=6m+2sm+2st, 属于2A型, 没有观察到随体。推测‘凤丹白’和杨山牡丹不是同物异名, 主要表现在随体的有无。与杨山牡丹的核型进行比较发现: 从杨山牡丹演化到‘凤丹’系列是由纯合到不同等级的杂合。‘凤丹白’减数分裂过程中具有不同步性, 在后期Ⅰ、末期Ⅰ观察到染色体桥, 后期Ⅱ、末期Ⅱ分别观察到“对角线”桥、不均等分裂、双桥等现象。上海地区观察‘凤丹白’花粉母细胞减数分裂的最佳取材时间为2月底～3月初。 相似文献
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《中国园艺文摘》2014,(3)
正胡萝卜抗冻蛋白AFP基因的克隆与序列分析以胡萝卜幼苗为材料,提取基因组DNA,根据GenBank中的已知序列设计引物,利用聚合酶链式反应技术(PCR)体外扩增获得胡萝卜抗冻蛋白基因(AFP),将其连接到pGEM-Teasyvector载体上,并对其进行生物学信息分析。结果表明:克隆的AFP基因片段全长1…206…bp,…其中编码区长1026…bp,共编码341个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为38.048…ku,等电点为5.43,该蛋白为亲水性分泌型蛋白,有信号肽存在;其蛋白质二级结构以α-螺旋、β-折叠和无规卷曲为主。与GenBank中(A91926.1) 相似文献
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冷休克结构域蛋白(CSPs)是含有不同数量冷休克结构域(cold shock domain,CSD)的低温响应蛋白,在低温胁迫中发挥重要作用。以沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)为材料,克隆得到了冷休克结构域蛋白基因AmCSDP。生物信息学分析显示AmCSDP(Gen Bank登录号:KX756575)全长540bp,编码180个氨基酸,二级结构由8.9%的α–螺旋、47.8%的β–折叠和43.3%的无规则卷曲组成,其N端含有冷休克结构域。进化分析表明沙冬青与花生同源性最高。构建了AmCSDP真核表达载体Pcambia2300-35S-AmCSDP-OCS,经农杆菌介导转入本氏烟中。对转基因T1代和野生型烟草进行4℃低温胁迫处理,结果证实转基因本氏烟比野生型的耐冷能力强。 相似文献
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《中国园艺文摘》2014,(3):227-236
胡萝卜抗冻蛋白AFP基因的克隆与序列分析以胡萝卜幼苗为材料,提取基因组DNA,根据GenBank中的已知序列设计引物,利用聚合酶链式反应技术（PCR）体外扩增获得胡萝卜抗冻蛋白基因（AFP）,将其连接到pGEM-Teasyvector载体上,并对其进行生物学信息分析。结果表明：克隆的AFP基因片段全长1…206…bp,…其中编码区长1026…bp,共编码341个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量为38.048…ku,等电点为5.43,该蛋白为亲水性分泌型蛋白,有信号肽存在;其蛋白质二级结构以α-螺旋、β-折叠和无规卷曲为主。与GenBank中（A91926.1） 相似文献
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《中国南方果树》2016,(6)
以卡里佐枳橙Citrus sinensis×Poncirus trifoliata实生苗为材料,采用-Fe(0μmol/L)和+Fe(37.3μmol/L,对照)两种营养液培养6周,探讨缺铁胁迫对枳橙幼苗生长及某些生理机制的影响。结果表明,缺铁胁迫下幼苗整株生长受到显著抑制,干物质积累减少,各部位铁含量下降25%~51%,根部钙、锰含量也显著降低,而根部镁、锌含量则显著增加。通过傅立叶转换红外线光谱仪(FTIR)分析发现,缺铁胁迫下枳橙幼苗根部出现1 400cm~(-1)、1 075cm~(-1)和1 055cm~(-1)等3个吸收峰的增加,以及1 061cm~(-1)吸收峰的缺失;叶片出现1 246cm~(-1)、1 070cm~(-1)和1 032cm~(-1)等3个吸收峰增加,以及1 250cm~(-1)和1 063cm~(-1)等2个吸收峰的缺失。缺铁胁迫时,枳橙幼苗叶片的蛋白质、纤维素、可溶性糖和核糖的结构发生变化且含量降低。 相似文献
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以“凤尾”、“凤丹白”、“西施”、“粉莲”、“昌红”、“呼红”和“云芳”7个江南牡丹品种为试材,利用UPLC-PDA和UPLC-Q-TOF MS技术对盛花期花瓣中类黄酮组分进行了定性和定量分析.结果表明:江南牡丹花瓣中共检测到15种类黄酮组分,其中花色苷4种:矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷、矢车菊素-3-葡萄糖苷、芍药花素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷、芍药花素-3-葡萄糖苷；黄酮7种:木犀草素单糖苷(六碳糖)、木犀草素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖)、金圣草黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、金圣草黄素二糖苷(六碳糖+甲基五碳糖)；黄酮醇4种:槲皮素单糖苷(六碳糖)、槲皮素二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)、山奈酚二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)、异鼠李素二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖)；江南牡丹花瓣中主要的花色苷为芍药花素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷和矢车菊素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷,主要的黄酮为芹黄素糖苷,即芹黄素单糖苷(六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(五碳糖+六碳糖)、芹黄素二糖苷(甲基五碳糖+六碳糖),黄酮醇为山奈酚糖苷,即山奈酚二糖苷(六碳糖+六碳糖). 相似文献
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对前期在苹果（Malus × domestica Borkh.）中发现的受低温诱导的bHLH转录因子进行了生物信息学分析,并以层积苹果种子和苹果芽为试材,用半定量和实时定量PCR技术分析其花芽休眠不同阶段的表达变化。蛋白质二级结构预测结果表明,MdCIbHLH1蛋白中以α螺旋和无规则卷曲为主,β折叠和延伸链较少,其中α螺旋145个（27.31%）、β折叠19个（3.58%）、无规则卷曲310个（58.38%）、延伸链57个（10.73%）。半定量和定量结果显示,在层积的苹果种子和休眠的花芽中MdCIbHLH1有相同的表达模式,在休眠解除之前表达较高,随着休眠的解除其表达量下调。因此推测MdCIbHLH1的表达对层积的苹果种子或者花芽休眠及解除具有调控作用。 相似文献
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J. Tromp 《Scientia Horticulturae》1976,5(4):331-338
Under controlled conditions, 3-year old ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ trees were exposed to 2 temperatures (high: 24° and low: 17° or 19° C) in various treatments in a 4-month period starting at full bloom. In general, shoot growth was reduced at the low temperature. For ‘Golden Delicious’ flowering did not respond to the various treatments; in ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ it was stimulated at the low temperature.A rise in temperature from 17° to 24° C seven weeks before harvest, given to ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ trees kept at 17° C from full bloom, reduced flower-bud formation and stimulated growth. A similar temperature increase applied to trees maintained at 24° C for 4–5 weeks after full bloom favoured flower-bud formation, but did not affect growth.The inhibitory effect of the high temperature on flowering is discussed in terms of an increase of the plastochron under the influence of gibberellins produced by the growing shoot tips. 相似文献
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从‘霞晖8号’桃花中克隆并鉴定了6个K+/H+逆向转运体基因PpeKEA,在转录水平分析其在桃花发育不同时期的表达模式及对钾肥施用的响应,明确关键基因并验证其功能。结果表明,钾肥施用显著增强盛花期桃花的鲜样质量,提高花朵钾素富集水平。PpeKEA1 ~ PpeKEA6在桃花开放不同时期的表达水平存在差异,均在盛花期达到最高,其转录水平对施用钾肥的响应不同;PpeKEA1在整个桃花开放不同时期的表达量较高,钾肥处理显著增强其在花蕾膨胀期和初开期的表达并抑制其在败落期的表达量;表达载体pDR196-shortKEA1能赋予酵母菌感受态细胞AXT3突变体适应高钾环境而正常生长,说明PpeKEA1的C端区域具有调节桃花组织内K+转运和平衡的功能。本研究表明PpeKEA1是一个桃花开放过程中调节K+平衡的K+/H+逆向转运体,并可能在桃树钾素营养的动态平衡中起着重要作用。 相似文献
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A range of growth-retarding chemicals was evaluated for their potential in the production of compact pot-grown tulips: ancymidol, piproctanyl bromide (Alden), dikegulac-sodium (Atrinal), a phenyl tetrazole compound (coded PP528), 2,3-dihydro-5,6-diphenyl-1,4-oxathiin (coded UBI-P293), chlorphonium chloride (Phosfon), 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Ethrel), and 5 morphactins. All chemicals were applied as single soil drenches 1–2 days after transferring plants to the glasshouse. Mid- and late-season forced bulbs of cultivars ‘Apeldoorn’, ‘Paul Richter’ and ‘Rose Copland’ were used.Piproctanyl bromide and chlorphonium chloride were ineffective, the former causing some stimulation of top internode extension. Ethrel at high concentrations gave a slight reduction in first internode length only, associated with a degree of flower-bud blasting. Dikegulac-sodium gave some reduction in stem and petal length, depending on cultivar. PP528 induced flower-bud blasting, adverse changes in flower colour and reduced petal length at concentrations which effectively shortened stems. Morphactins were toxic or caused flower-bud blasting and other floral abnormalities at high concentrations; at lower doses most morphactins reduced first internode length, while some increased length of the upper internodes, inducing nastic curvature and occasionally altering flower shape. Most effective height control was achieved with ancymidol and UBI-P293, the latter being the more active (at the concentrations tested); flower quality was good. In one experiment only, ancymidol slightly delayed flowering. High concentrations of UBI-P293 gave rise to some flower-bud blasting, especially in ‘Rose Copland’ which showed other adverse side-effects such as decreased length and longevity of the flowers, not only with UBI-P293 but also with higher doses of some other retardants. 相似文献
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The present investigation was aimed to study the changes in various physio-chemical attributes in petals of two different rose species, Rosa damascena Mill and Rosa bourboniana Desport differing in flowering behaviour from small bud (stage 1) till full bloom (stage 8). In both rose species fresh weight, dry weight and moisture content were maximum during full bloom. Electrical conductivity of the petal diffusates reached maximum at full bloom with significantly higher values in R. damascena. In both the species, starch content declined as the flower reached its full bloom stage with maximum reducing sugar content during this period. With progressive increase in petal growth, total protein and RNA declined. The results showed that in both the species peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) activity were lower during full bloom with high activity of invertase and lipoxygenase (LOX) at this period. The present study indicates that lipid peroxidation induced membrane permeability could partly be the result of higher lipoxygenase activity during full bloom. The possible significance of these findings is discussed in relation to flower development in the two diverse rose species. 相似文献
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J. Tromp 《Scientia Horticulturae》1980,13(3):235-243
Starting at full bloom, 4 temperature treatments were applied to 3-year-old ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ trees. Either 17 or 24° C were applied in 3 successive periods of 5–6 weeks each.In ‘Golden Delicious’, exposure to 24° C during the first 5 weeks after full bloom enhanced shoot growth and reduced flower-bud formation in spur buds. The difference in temperature-regime during the third period did not affect either growth or flowering. Almost all apical shoot buds became floral, irrespective of treatment.‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ trees maintained at 24° C throughout grew more vigorously than did those kept at 17° C continuously, but flowering-abundancy was the same. Lowering of the temperature in the last period before harvest did not influence shoot growth, but markedly reduced flowering of both spur buds and apical shoot buds.In a second experiment, a night temperature of either 20 or 10° C was applied in 2 successive periods to 3-year-old ‘Cox's Orange Pippin’ trees kept at a day temperature of 20° C throughout. Lowering of the night temperature in the middle of the season reduced flower-bud production, but there was no difference in growth vigour compared with 20° C continuously.It is postulated that temperature affects flowering in two opposite ways, whose relative importance determines the net result. 相似文献
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蜡梅花部形态和开花习性研究 总被引：19，自引：3，他引：16
蜡梅花部形态和开花习性的观察结果：１花的构造上，雌雄蕊之间有支撑花柱群而特化的花托附属物；花被片基部有蜜腺；含挥发油的油细胞主要存在于花被片基本组织中。２．花芽分化过程分为形态分化前期、花被片分化期、雄蕊和花托附属物分化期、雌蕊分化期、药室分化期和胚珠分化期及其相应的解剖特征；花芽一般由新梢叶腋中的主芽分化形成；花芽主要开始分化的时间是顶梢自枯的五月中旬（扬州）；最早分化的是新梢存留叶位第一节。３．开花过程中，雄蕊存在着明显的离心外卧和向心聚合的运动；单花开放的过程为萌动期、蕾期、露瓣期、初开期、盛开期和落花期及其相应的物候标志。 相似文献
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柑橘果实总钙、可溶性Ca~(2+)含量及Ca~(2+)-ATPase活性的季节性变化 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
以单性结实的龟井和自花结实的鄂柑1号柑橘品种为材料,对果实的整个发育期的子房(幼果)、果皮和果肉的总钙、可溶性Ca2+含量和Ca2+-ATPase活性进行了测定。结果表明龟井花前至花期子房总钙含量就已很高,花后趋下降,而鄂柑1号花前至花期子房总钙含量相对较低,花后有一显著上升;龟井可溶性Ca2+含量在花期及花后有一明显下降,而对应鄂柑1号在花后却有一显著上升;龟井花前至花期Ca2+-ATPase活性较高,花后下降,而对应鄂柑1号花前较低,花期即始上升;果实增大期内两品种果皮的总钙均趋上升,对应果肉总钙却趋下降;而果皮和果肉的可溶性Ca2+含量和Ca2+-ATPase活性在增大期内均有一明显增长过程或居相对较高水平。 相似文献
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以南茜文心兰（Gower Ramsey）盛花期花葶提取的总RNA为模板,通过RT-PCR与RACE扩增,获得一个958 bp的AP1（APETALA1）-like基因的cDNA全长序列,其基因编码区690 bp,共编码氨基酸229个,命名为OnAP1-like（登录号：KC426946）。蛋白质二级结构分析表明,该蛋白质48.91%为α螺旋,10.92%为β折叠,40.17%为无规则卷曲,为亲水性蛋白质。蛋白序列比对和进化树分析表明,OnAP1-like 蛋白与蕙兰AP1-like蛋白一致性最高,进化距离最近。利用RT-qPCR对从文心兰不同时期不同器官中的OnAP1-like基因表达量进行分析,结果表明,同一器官不同发育时期比较,在叶中,花蕾期的表达量最高;在根中,随发育时间推移,表达量逐渐升高,至花后期达到最高;在花葶中的表达量的趋势与根相同。同一时期不同器官比较,抽葶前,根中表达量高于叶片;花蕾期,花瓣中的表达量最高;盛花期和花后期,花葶中的表达量最高。推测该基因在花的发育及形成中发挥作用。 相似文献