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1.
Effects of the chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron (DFB) on the integument of 5th instarGalleria mellonella L. larvae were investigated. When larvae were fed with semi-artificial diets containing 250, 500 and 1000 ppm of the compound,
DFB affected the integument. The affected larvae failed to ecdysis, their cuticle was ruptured, lost haemolymph and blackened.
In treated larvae, cuticle deposition was disrupted and the cuticle thickness was decreased by ∼50% compared with the untreated
control, particularly at day 3 1/2. However, statistically there was no significant difference among the three concentrations
(P>0.05). This may indicate that all three concentrations are equally effective in decreasing level. DFB at 500 and 1000 ppm
also affected the epidermal cells and caused the occurrence of vacuoles.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Dec. 16, 2003. 相似文献
2.
The effect of an enriched methanolic extract ofMelia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) fruits on the size of the corpora allata (CA), the juvenile hormone (JH) titer and the protein content in
the hemolymph of two lepidopteran pests in Egypt,Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) andAgrotis ipsilon (Hufn.), was studied. Different concentrations of the extract were incorporated into an artificial diet on which the larvae
were allowed to feed. InS. littoralis, a significant reduction in the CA volume of larvae treated at the 1000 ppm extract levelvs that of control larvae was observed. In A.ipsilon, a reduction was found in the right CA gland only. Larvae of both species that had fed on a diet withMelia extract had a higher mean JH-II titer in the hemolymph than did control larvae. In both species, the content of hemolymph
protein was decreased significantly after feeding for 6 days on a diet treated with concentrations above 50 ppm extract, followed
by 6 days on a normal diet. The results show that aM. azedarach fruit extract has an effect on the neuroendocrine control in the insects. The effect on the hemolymph protein levels is discussed
in connection with changes in the morphology/physiology of the gut. 相似文献
3.
于室内条件下研究了亚致死浓度阿维菌素对荔枝叶螨种群发育的影响。采用Potter喷雾法测得阿维菌素对荔枝叶螨成螨的亚致死浓度（LC10和LC30）,并通过生命表方法研究了阿维菌素LC10和LC30浓度处理荔枝叶螨对其生长和繁殖的影响。结果表明:用阿维菌素LC10和LC30浓度处理荔枝叶螨后,与对照相比,其F0代产卵量分别减少79.16%和71.83%,雌成螨寿命亦均明显缩短。F1代幼螨期、产卵前期与对照相比均无显著差异,但卵孵化期、前若螨期、后若螨期均显著延长,其中LC30浓度处理后分别延长41.4%、39.4%和36.1%;F1代产卵量降低、产卵期缩短,其子代雌性比提高;F1代内禀增长率均降低,分别为0.127 3和0.075 8,而对照为0.132 3;世代平均历期缩短,种群倍增时间延长;净生殖率和周限增长率均降低。表明亚致死浓度阿维菌素对荔枝叶螨种群增长有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
4.
为明确木醋液对绿豆萌发及寄主抗蚜作用的影响, 探讨木醋液作为植物生长调节剂和生物源农药的应用潜力, 本试验将木醋液原液稀释为500?1 000?2 000?3 000倍和5 000倍5个浓度, 通过浸种催芽法分析木醋液对绿豆种子萌发和抗氧化指标的影响, 同时用不同浓度木醋液浸泡的脱脂棉包裹绿豆苗根部模仿灌根, 在培养皿中接种蚜虫, 分析蚜虫繁殖力和存活率等抗虫指标?结果表明, 5 000倍稀释液能显著促进绿豆苗芽和根的生长, 处理后7 d, 根长和芽长较未处理对照显著增加19.65%和33.74%, 500?1 000?2 000倍稀释液处理的种子其发芽率?发芽势?芽长和根长与未处理对照相比显著降低?经5 000倍稀释液浸种和包裹根部的幼苗第二对真叶展开时, 叶片中的CAT活性显著增加了11.54%, MDA的含量显著减少了54.19%, 蛋白质含量显著增加了14.40%?500倍稀释液处理5 d的蚜虫存活率与对照相比显著降低了33.33%; 2 000倍稀释液处理后蚜虫7 d内繁殖力显著提高了41.53%; 5 000倍稀释液对蚜虫存活率?繁殖力无显著影响?综上, 较高浓度的木醋液处理的绿豆苗喂食蚜虫可降低蚜虫存活率和繁殖力, 但同时也抑制绿豆的萌发和幼苗生长, 较低浓度木醋液促进绿豆萌发和幼苗生长, 但是对寄主抗蚜性影响不显著? 相似文献
5.
The effects of ‘Margosan-O’ (MO) on the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), were determined. MO significantly reduced population increase of A. pisum in a concentration-dependent manner. At a concentration equivalent to 100 mg litre?1 of azadirachtin, population increase was c. 3.5 times lower than the control. In more detailed studies, MO significantly reduced the number of molts, longevity, and fecundity of A. pisum that had been reared on treated broad bean. Viciafaba L., plants. MO also reduced the longevity and fecundity of young adult A. pisum exposed to MO-treated broad bean. MO was slow-acting against A. pisum. Mortality caused by MO stabilised seven days after newborn A. pisum were exposed to treated broad bean and 10 days for adults. The seven day LC50 for individuals exposed from birth was 27.50 mg azadirachtin liter?1 while the 10 day LC50 for adults was 53.32 mg liter?1. Contrary to previous studies suggesting that neem insecticides are not contact toxicants, we found that MO applied topically to adult A. pisum caused effects similar to those found in individuals that fed upon treated plants. However, MO was slower-acting when applied topically. Mortality in adult A. pisum caused by topically applied MO stabilised 17 days after treatment with a resultant LD50of 2.91 μg azadirachtin g?1. 相似文献
6.
虱螨脲对小菜蛾成虫繁殖力及子代种群发展的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究虱螨脲对小菜蛾Plutella xylostella成虫的亚致死作用,通过残留药膜法或饲喂法使用50 mg/L虱螨脲对小菜蛾成虫进行处理,分别测定小菜蛾成虫繁殖力、寿命和卵孵化率,通过建立小菜蛾成虫子代生命表确定虱螨脲处理成虫对其后代的影响。结果表明,残留药膜法处理后,小菜蛾成虫单雌产卵量和卵孵化率分别比对照显著降低39.09粒和19.38个百分点;饲喂法处理后,小菜蛾成虫单雌产卵量、雌成虫寿命和卵孵化率分别比对照减少13.42粒、1.56 d和72.03个百分点,卵孵化率与对照差异显著。虱螨脲处理后,小菜蛾成虫子代1龄幼虫存活率、雌成虫寿命、F_1代单雌产卵量和F_1代卵孵化率分别为74.29%、5.90 d、146.65粒和84.43%,均显著低于对照,种群趋势指数降低,表明对子代种群发展有一定的干扰作用。此外,虱螨脲处理小菜蛾雌、雄虫对其产卵量无影响,但处理雌虫显著降低卵孵化率,处理雄虫对卵孵化率无明显影响,说明虱螨脲作用于小菜蛾成虫,仅对卵子形成及受精卵的胚胎发育过程产生影响,而对精子的生成及转移无影响。表明虱螨脲可通过成虫取食或接触而控制小菜蛾种群发展。 相似文献
7.
The impacts of elevated CO2 and soil water on the population dynamics, adult fecundity and nymphal period of the bird cherry-oat aphidRhopalsiphum padi (Linnaeus) were evaluated in three experiments: (i)Combined effects of CO
2
and soil water on aphid populations. Spring wheat was grown in pots at three CO2 concentrations (350, 550 and 700 ppm) and three soil water levels (40%, 60% and 80% of field water capacity, FWC) in field
open-top chambers (OTC) and infested with the bird cherry-oat aphid. Aphid population dynamics were recorded throughout the
growing season; at the same time, adult fecundity and duration of the nymphal period were recorded. Chemical composition of
spring wheat leaves was also analyzed. (ii)Indirect effects of CO
2
concentrations and soil water on aphid adult fecundity and nymphal period. The experiment was conducted with the leaf discs method in the laboratory. Aphids were reared on leaf discs excised from
the treated wheat in OTC with different CO2 and soil water levels. (iii)Direct effects of CO
2
concentrations on aphid adult fecundity and nymphal period. Aphids were reared on leaf discs excised from the wheat grown under natural conditions. The experiment was conducted with
the leaf disc method in OTC with the three CO2 concentrations. It was found that the direct effect of CO2 concentration on aphid population parameters was minor. CO2 and soil water affected aphid population indirectly through their effects on wheat characteristics. The aphid population
under 550 ppm CO2 was far larger than the one under 350 ppm CO2, whereas the population under 700 ppm CO2 was slightly higher than that under 550 ppm CO2. The largest aphid population was obtained with the 60% soil water treatment, regardless of CO2 treatment. The effects of CO2 concentration on aphid population were, however, not significantly correlated with soil water level. Adult fecundity increased
with CO2 concentration, the highest fecundity being achieved under 60% FWC treatments. The nymphal period was not affected by CO2 concentration. The shortest period occurred under 60% FWC. Atmospheric CO2 and soil water had significant effects on the chemical composition of the wheat leaves. Aphid population size was positively
correlated with leaf water content, concentrations of soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrates and starch, and negatively correlated
with DIMBOA and tannins concentrations.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 20, 2003. 相似文献
8.
为明确杀螨剂对双尾新小绥螨Neoseiulus bicaudus后代生长发育及繁殖的影响,采用联苯肼酯、三唑锡和哒螨灵对土耳其斯坦叶螨Tetranychus turkestani的致死中浓度处理双尾新小绥螨雌成螨,测定其后代各发育阶段的存活率、发育历期、寿命、雌性比例及繁殖力,构建亚致死条件下双尾新小绥螨后代的年龄-龄期两性生命表并模拟其种群增长模型,分析不同杀螨剂亚致死效应对捕食螨后代的影响。结果表明,联苯肼酯处理能显著缩短双尾新小绥螨后代的未成熟期（4.81 d）,显著延长双尾新小绥螨后代雌成螨的寿命（45.43 d）,且对存活率、产卵前期、雌性比例和净增殖率无显著影响。三唑锡处理降低了双尾新小绥螨后代雌性比例（0.37）并显著降低了其后代净增殖率（15.91）,对未成熟期、产卵前期和雌雄成螨寿命均无显著影响。哒螨灵处理对双尾新小绥螨后代的未成熟期、存活率、雌成螨寿命、产卵前期、和雌性比例均未产生显著影响,仅显著延长了雌雄成螨寿命（51.22 d和44.23 d）。经所建Timing种群模型模拟,3种杀螨剂处理后双尾新小绥螨后代种群均可以继续增殖,经过60 d无限制增殖后,联苯肼脂处理的双尾新小绥螨后代种群数量是对照的1.62倍,达4 976头;哒螨灵处理（2 101头）和三唑锡处理（983头）的种群数量较对照分别减少了31.43%和67.92%。表明联苯肼脂对双尾新小绥螨后代影响较小,是较为安全的杀螨剂。 相似文献
9.
桂枝主要活性物质对新余蜜橘青霉病抗性和防御体系的诱导 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探讨桂枝主要活性物质肉桂醛和肉桂酸对新余蜜橘青霉病的抗性及其机理,以500倍和1 000倍咪鲜胺稀释液为阳性对照,蜜橘损伤接种后,测定了防护效果最佳时肉桂醛、肉桂酸的抑菌浓度,分析了对果实活体防效和防御酶活性的影响。结果表明,25、8 mg/m L肉桂醛以及30、15mg/m L肉桂酸是最佳抑菌浓度;与对照组相比,各浓度药液处理均能显著降低病原菌的致病力,贮藏第6天,25、8 mg/m L肉桂醛处理组的病情指数分别为54.4%和66.4%,30、15 mg/m L肉桂酸处理组分别为49.6%和63.2%;各浓度药液处理均能降低新余蜜橘的MDA和H_2O_2含量,显著提高并维持SOD、PPO等防御酶的活性,以25 mg/m L肉桂醛和30 mg/m L肉桂酸处理效果最佳。研究表明,肉桂醛和肉桂酸能有效增强果实活体防护效果以及诱导果实的抗病性,且抗性的产生可能与果实内相关防御酶活性提高有关。 相似文献
10.
Three insecticides, pyrethrins + piperonil butoxide (PBO), pymetrozine and triflumuron, were tested as potential alternatives
for controlling the Mediterranean fruit flyCeratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). The compounds were administered to adult flies in the laboratory by different uptake
methods at the recommended rates currently used in fruit crops in Spain. Pyrethrins + PBO (80 + 320 ppm a.i.) exhibited a
comparable knock-down effect to malathion (1,500 ppm a.i.) in the laboratory, irrespective of the method of application used.
After these results were obtained, the number of concentrations tested was increased to carry out a dose-response analysis.
Pymetrozine (300 ppm a.i.) and triflumuron (150 ppm a.i.) did not kill adults at the concentrations tested. However, pymetrozine
diminished the fecundity, especially when adults were fed the insecticide; egg hatch was decreased by 59.3% compared with
controls. Further experiments showed that increased period of ingestion and higher concentrations had a clear effect in reducing
both fecundity and fertility. The possible use of pyrethrins + PBO and pymetrozine to reduce populations ofC. capitata is discussed.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 22, 2006.
Corresponding author 相似文献
11.
Ten insect growth regulators (IGRs): four juvenile hormone analogs (JHAs) — fenoxycarb, MV-678, R-20458 and dofenapyn, and
six molt inhibitors (MIs) — triflumuron, chlorfluazuron, hexaflumuron, teflubenzuron, Dowco 439 and flufenoxuron; and the
organophosphate malathion, were evaluated for residual activity in stored grain for 2 years against the rice weevil,Sitophilus oryzae (L.). Triflumuron, flufenoxuron, teflubenzuron, chlorfluazuron, hexaflumuron and fenoxycarb, each at a concentration as low
as 1 ppm a.i., were superior to 10 ppm malathion throughout the experiment. The six MIs, each tested at 50 and 100 ppm a.i.,
gave complete control for 2 years. Moreover, a concentration as low as 1 ppm a.i. of triflumuron, teflubenzuron, flufenoxuron
and chlorfluazuron had good residual activity for 1 year post-treatment and provided almost complete grain protection during
this period. Among the JHAs, fenoxycarb had the best residual activity. It gave almost complete control (96.6%) ofS. oryzae at 10 ppm for 18 months post-treatment. The other JHAs at the four test concentrations failed to produce this level of control.
The viability of the wheat grain was not affected by any of the insecticidal treatments, with 90% germination recorded in
treated and control, grains at all intervals tested. 相似文献
12.
Control of Citrus Green and Blue Molds with Garlic Extracts 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
J. Obagwu L. Korsten 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(3):221-225
Water and ethanol extracts of garlic cloves were applied to artificially inoculated citrus fruits to test their efficacy in the control of Penicillium digitatum and P. italicum, the cause of citrus green and blue mold respectively. Extracts were tested either alone, or in combination with vegetable (sunflower) cooking oil or fruit wax at the rate of (0.1% v/v), using two orange cultivars (Valencia and Shamouti), and grapefruit. Treated fruits were stored at 10±1 °C, and 90–95% relative humidity for 30 days. All concentrations of extracts were more effective than the water control in inhibiting the growth and development of both pathogens, but were not as effective as the fungicide treatment (imazalil 500 ppm + quazatine 1000 ppm). A remarkable increase in the activity of garlic extracts was observed when extracts were mixed with oil. Consequently, the treatment comprising 1% extract plus oil was as effective (100% control) as the fungicide treatment in controlling both green and blue molds on Valencia oranges. 相似文献
13.
采用喷雾法研究了大黄酚对黄瓜白粉病的生物活性及其在黄瓜组织中的内吸传导性。结果表明,大黄酚对黄瓜白粉病菌具有较高毒力,感染白粉病的叶片经200 mg/L的大黄酚处理2 d后,霉状物变褐色,病斑枯死。扫描电子显微镜观察显示,黄瓜白粉病菌经大黄酚处理后,菌丝和分生孢子梗扭曲、变形,分生孢子塌陷。盆栽试验表明,利用大黄酚防治黄瓜白粉病具有较长的持效期,黄瓜子叶上喷施100 mg/L的大黄酚,20 d后接种病原菌,其防效仍达84.83%,与有效成分500 mg/L的硫磺悬浮剂防效相近。此外,大黄酚在黄瓜组织中具有一定的跨层传导性,其横向传导性较弱,几乎无向顶及向基的传导性。 相似文献
14.
为有效防控黏虫Mythimna separata,选用灭多威、苦参·印楝素、苏云金芽胞杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis、甲维盐和高效氯氟氰菊酯5种药剂对其卵进行室内触杀试验,比较这5种药剂对黏虫卵和初孵幼虫的触杀效果及对卵的毒力,测定不同药剂处理后黏虫卵初孵幼虫存活率、发育历期、化蛹率、蛹重和羽化率;并通过冷冻切片技术观察不同药剂处理后黏虫卵的外部形态和胚胎发育情况。室内触杀试验结果表明,苦参·印楝素浓度大于0.1 mg/L时,对产后不同时间黏虫卵的校正死亡率介于42.89%～97.34%之间,苏云金芽胞杆菌浓度为0.01 mg/L时对产后72 h黏虫卵的校正死亡率已达71.99%;各浓度苦参·印楝素和苏云金芽胞杆菌处理产后24、48和72 h黏虫卵后,其初孵幼虫校正死亡率介于39.02%～83.59%之间。苦参·印楝素对产后24、48 h黏虫卵的毒力最大,致死中浓度LC_(50)分别为0.018、0.109 mg/L;苏云金芽胞杆菌对产后72 h黏虫卵的毒力最大,LC_(50)为0.004 mg/L。黏虫卵经5种药剂处理后,幼虫化蛹率、蛹重和羽化率分别介于91.07%～93.64%、0.272～0.284 g和86.60%～87.78%之间,与对照差异不显著,幼虫存活率较对照显著下降43.02%～60.27%,幼虫发育历期较对照延长0.23～0.88 d,其中灭多威、苦参·印楝素、苏云金芽胞杆菌处理的幼虫发育历期较对照显著延长。苦参·印楝素、苏云金芽胞杆菌使胚胎无法形成正常胚带,同时会使已发育的虫体出现蜷缩、腹部皱缩;高效氯氟氰菊酯会延缓胚胎发育时间,使已形成的虫体畸形或使其肠道断裂;甲维盐影响虫体对营养物质的吸收,造成虫体萎缩,使其不能正常孵化。在黏虫卵防治中推荐使用苏云金芽胞杆菌和苦参·印楝素。 相似文献
15.
Abstract Adults and immatures of the filbert aphid, Myzocallis coryli (Goetze), a major pest of hazelnuts worldwide, were exposed to foliage treated with different concentrations of a botanical insecticide, Margosan-O, derived from extract of neem seeds. Both mature and immature stages were highly sensitive to this compound. Acute toxicity causing immediate mortality of young nymphs, particularly at higher rates (50 ppm or more), and chronic effects resulting in reduced offspring production, lengthening of nymphal development time and reduced survival of subsequent generation were recorded. The offspring production of adult aphids fed on treated leaves was reduced in a dosage-dependent manner, nearly 50% at 2.5 ppm to over 80% at 62.5 ppm. However, no nymphal survival was recorded at 25 ppm or higher doses. A repellency effect was also recorded, butthe feeding deterrence response was weak at best. Field trials also showed a marked reduction of aphid numbers on treated foliage, suggesting the effectiveness of neem against this major pest of hazelnuts. 相似文献
16.
为明确吡虫啉对褐飞虱共生解脂假丝酵母Candida lipolytica抗性及敏感菌株生长的影响,通过菌株培养、菌落观察和菌丝镜检等方法,比较了褐飞虱共生解脂假丝酵母不同菌株在含不同质量浓度吡虫啉的固体培养基上的菌落数,以及在液体培养基中的生长量差异。结果发现:不同质量浓度吡虫啉对褐飞虱共生解脂假丝酵母敏感和抗性菌株菌落生长均有抑制作用,且吡虫啉浓度越高,抑制作用越强。经500、1 000和2 000 mg/L吡虫啉处理4 d后,敏感菌株的菌落数量分别为对照的46.61%、27.58%和6.25%,均与对照差异显著;500和1 000 mg/L处理组抗性菌株菌落数量与对照无显著差异,而2 000 mg/L处理组与对照差异显著。经吡虫啉处理后,敏感菌株假菌丝形态变得不规则,部分假菌丝不舒展、萎缩或弯曲、顶端出现膨大,酵母出现空泡等,且吡虫啉浓度越高,不规则程度越明显;抗性菌株的假菌丝形态也有类似变化,但与敏感菌株相比,其菌丝体不规则形态的比例明显下降。500 mg/L吡虫啉处理对敏感和抗性菌株的生长量及菌丝干重均无明显影响,1 000和2 000 mg/L吡虫啉对不同菌株前期生长的抑制作用明显,但对后期生长影响不明显。研究表明,吡虫啉对褐飞虱共生解脂假丝酵母抗性菌株生长的影响显著小于对敏感菌株的影响。 相似文献
17.
为探究溴氰虫酰胺对白背飞虱的亚致死效应,采用稻茎浸渍法,分别以LC10和LC25浓度的溴氰虫酰胺胁迫白背飞虱3龄若虫,观察受胁迫后试虫发育历期、产卵量和雌虫寿命的变化情况,并组建了其F1代种群的特定时间生命表。结果表明:经LC10和LC25浓度溴氰虫酰胺胁迫后,F0代白背飞虱单雌产卵量与对照相比差异显著,分别减少了40.41%和41.36%;F1代雌虫比例（Fr）及孵化率（Ha）与对照相比差异不显著,但其繁殖力（Fd）比对照组分别降低了14.41%和16.31%,预测的后代数量（N）及种群增长趋势指数（I）也均低于对照组。经溴氰虫酰胺LC10和LC25浓度处理后,白背飞虱的相对适合度分别为0.78和0.64。根据研究结果推测,在田间施用溴氰虫酰胺防治水稻害虫时,不仅对当代白背飞虱有致死效应,对其后代种群的增长也有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
18.
本文采用浸虫法测定了4株球孢白僵菌对1日龄葱地种蝇（本文称葱蝇）成虫的毒力,筛选出高致病力的菌株,描述了感染症状,测定了其亚致死剂量LC20和LC50对存活1日龄葱蝇成虫生物学参数和繁殖力的影响,并比较了5.8×103和5.7×105孢子/mL对1日龄和10日龄葱蝇成虫死亡率和单雌产卵量的差异。结果表明菌株Bb01对葱蝇成虫的致病力最强,其LC50为1.76×106孢子/mL,其次为菌株Bb03和Bb02,其LC50分别为4.05×106和1.86×107孢子/mL。与对照相比,菌株Bb01亚致死剂量处理1日龄成虫后,明显延迟了葱蝇成虫的产卵前期,降低了单雌产卵量,LC20浓度处理时单雌产卵量比对照下降了51.9%,LC50处理下降92.2%,明显缩短了雌成虫寿命,但卵孵化率没有明显影响。虽然菌株Bb01对1日龄成虫造成的死亡率较高,但在5.7×105孢子/mL下,10日龄成虫单雌产卵量比对照下降了82.5%,对种群控制效果仍较强。 相似文献
19.
Four juvenile hormone analogs (JHAs), fenoxycarb. Pro-drone, R-20458 and dofenapyn, and three benzoylphenyl urea molt-inhibiting compounds (MICs), teflubenzuron, triflumuron and hexaflumuron, were evaluated in the laboratory at two concentrations (5 and 50 ppm) as to their effect on the Florida wax scale,Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock. In general, when the first nymphal stages were treated, the number of adults on treated guava plants at the end of the first generation was clearly reduced in comparison with that observed on untreated plants. The JHAs fenoxycarb and R-20458 arrested the development of the insect and no adults emerged at the end of the first generation. With 50 ppm of the JHA Pro-drone only 5.2% of the nymphs developed and transformed into adults. Triflumuron was superior to the other insect MICs in hampering development, as was dofenapyn. The adults emerging at the end of the first generation were used as parental scales for the next generation. Delayed adverse effects were observed on female fecundity and egg hatchability. There was a significant difference between the egg numbers laid by the females in the treatments and the control, and also between the different IGRs. No eggs hatched with dofenapyn and egg hatchability was 46% for teflubenzuronvs 88% for the control. Furthermore, in contradistinction to the control, insects on treated plants deposited only small amounts of wax in an irregular formation. 相似文献
20.
为明确金龟子绿僵菌Metarhizium anisopliae在促进植物生长和提高植物抗性方面的作用,以金龟子绿僵菌拌土种植紫花苜蓿Medicago sativa,于室内测定植株的生长参数、苜蓿斑蚜Therioaphis trifolii的取食选择性及其发育历期和繁殖力。结果表明,金龟子绿僵菌处理后7 d,植株株高比对照显著增加了0.87 cm;处理后14 d,植株分枝数为3.88个,根长为54.67 mm,均显著高于对照。株龄14 d的植株接入苜蓿斑蚜,至株龄28 d时,金龟子绿僵菌处理的植株株高、分枝数和根长均较对照显著增加;同时生物量、叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素含量也有不同程度的升高。选择性试验结果显示,24 h内选择并驻留在金龟子绿僵菌处理植株叶片上的苜蓿斑蚜数量较对照显著减少28.57%。以金龟子绿僵菌处理的植株叶片饲喂苜蓿斑蚜,1～4龄若虫的发育均有所减缓,各龄若虫的发育历期均较对照叶片饲喂的各龄若虫有所延长,而成虫寿命较以对照叶片饲喂时显著缩短了30.09%,总生命历期显著缩短了18.83%。表明金龟子绿僵菌促进了紫花苜蓿植株的生长,同时增强了植株对苜蓿斑蚜的耐害性、排趋性与... 相似文献