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贵州地方辣椒花药培养体系的初步研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以两个贵州地方辣椒品种:花溪辣椒和青岩辣椒的花药为培养对象,在以MS培养基为基本培养基,附加不同浓度的NAA和KT,并在部分培养基中添加0.4%的活性炭和50μmol/L的AgNO3的培养基中进行培养.这两个辣椒品种不同时期的花药在不同培养基上进行的胚状体诱导试验果表明:激素是影响辣椒胚状诱导率的重要因素.两种辣椒出胚率各不相同.在培养基P5(NAA 0.5mg/L KT 0.5mg/L)中的出胚率达到最高,分别为5.77%和3.68%.花溪辣椒在各种激素浓度的培养基上的出胚率均高于青岩辣椒;添加0,4%的活性炭能提高胚状体的诱导率;生长旺盛时的花蕾作培养材料出胚率较高.添加50μmol/L AgNO3或Vc能有效减轻辣椒花药培养中组织的褐化. 相似文献
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为研究辣椒花药培养诱导胚状体的影响因素,以3个不同辣椒品种为材料,从基因型的选择、预处理的温度和时间、不同激素浓度、高温热激时间以及活性炭浓度等方面开展试验。结果表明:3个不同辣椒基因型中,有2个基因型获得了胚状体,其中胚状体诱导率较好的是L3,达21.7%;综合看来,以4℃低温预处理2 d的诱导效果较好;添加合适浓度的激素组合可以提高辣椒花药培养效果,添加P5(NAA 0.8 mg/L+KT 1.0 mg/L+IAA 1.0 mg/L+6-BA 0.3 mg/L+ZT 1.0 mg/L)激素组合处理的培养基(MS+蔗糖30 g/L+琼脂8 g/L+活性炭2 g/L)中辣椒花药胚状体诱导效果最好;试验材料在接种后经35℃高温热激处理7 d的诱导效果较好。添加2 g/L活性炭有利于提高L1、L3基因型花药胚状体诱导率,活性炭对胚状体诱导率的影响与供试材料基因型有关。 相似文献
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本试验对酸橙、椪柑、日本“Kabusu”和潮州橙共4个品种进行了花药培养。 未成熟的花蕾采自果树试验场兴津分场果园的单株,在70％乙醇中浸泡5秒钟,予以消毒、剔去花瓣后,以无菌操作法分离花药,从每个酸橙的花蕾取花药4～5个,用乙酰胭脂红压碎法,确定花粉的发育阶段,其余的酸橙花药和其它品种花药置入20×100毫米的试管中培养。 培养基是在MS配方的基础上再加蔗糖50克/升。在高压灭菌之前,把培养基调节到pH5.8,以琼脂8克/千使其凝固,以添加及不添加激动素和吲哚乙酸设置不同处理。诱 相似文献
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以6种基因型辣椒的花蕾为材料,比较了不同基因型辣椒花蕾的消毒效果,辣椒基因型及花药接种量对花药培养的影响。研究结果表明,本试验的消毒方法获得了较好的消毒效果,3个基因型材料均未受污染,其他最高的污染率为23.08%;50%的基因型能诱导出胚状体,出胚率1.18%～1.38%,小果型的辣椒不能诱导出胚状体;所有基因型均能诱导出愈伤组织,出愈率17.65%～69.44%;花药接种量对花药愈伤组织诱导有影响,增大接种量,出愈率上升0.77%～13.67%,但对胚状体诱导影响不明显;在愈伤组织的继代培养中,接种量对其生长的影响因基因型不同而不同,所有基因型的愈伤组织在第一次继代培养中均不能分化出胚状体或不定芽。 相似文献
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《中国果树》2015,(5)
通过花药培养获得纯合的寒富苹果花药培养植株,对于解析寒富苹果抗寒性强、大果、自交亲和等重要性状及加速具有自主知识产权苹果新品种的培育具有重要意义。研究首先从田间取寒富带花蕾枝条于4℃保存5~7天,花蕾经消毒后将花药接种到胚状体诱导培养基:MS+5.0 mg/L GA3+30 g/L蔗糖+3.25 g/L Gelrite,p H值5.8;将诱导出来的胚状体转移至分化培养基:MS+0.2 mg/L TDZ+0.2 mg/L IBA+30 g/L蔗糖+3.25 g/L Gelrite,p H值5.8;待分化出小苗后将小苗转移至继代培养基:MS+0.5 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IAA+0.1 mg/L GA3+30 g/L蔗糖+3.25 g/L Gelrite,p H值5.8;小苗炼苗后直接在室内嫁接。利用流式细胞仪分析田间花药培养植株倍性,利用SSR技术鉴定其纯合性,并对田间嫁接的花药培养植株表型初步观察。结果表明,试验成功获得了寒富苹果的花药培养植株,倍性分析和SSR鉴定结果显示,所获得的花药培养植株为纯合三倍体植株,其表型与寒富存在明显差异,表现为叶片明显变小、变薄,叶被茸毛大幅度减少,但未表现出明显的矮化现象。 相似文献
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提高白菜离体培养植株再生频率的研究 总被引：21，自引：0，他引：21
选用 7个白菜类蔬菜栽培品种和 1个杂交亲本进行离体培养植株再生试验 ,筛选出最佳培养基配方为 1/2倍NH 4 浓度的MS培养基附加BAP 2mg/L、NAA 0 .4 5mg/L和AgNO37.5mg/L ,大幅度提高了植株的再生频率 ,高达 84 .8% ,大大缩短成苗周期 ;子叶—子叶柄接种后 ,最早的仅需 6d即可分化出不定芽 ,从接种到再生苗的移栽最快的仅需 4 0d ,平均一批约需 50d ,达到了高频快速的要求 ;该培养基对白菜类蔬菜的不同品种有着较广的适应性。对不定芽的发生过程进行组织学观察表明 ,在本试验条件下 ,白菜离体培养植株再生方式为外植体直接出芽。再生苗生根后移栽的成活率可达 95%以上。 相似文献
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The effects of growing season and donor plant age on anther culture in Capsicum were investigated. Pepper cultivars Kekova and Sera Demre 8 were grown under unheated greenhouse conditions in winter season and field conditions in summer season. Flower buds were collected and cultured in weekly intervals from November to May in winter and from April to December in summer. The results of this study indicated that anthers from these two pepper genotypes gave different embryogenic response to seasonal effects. Kekova cultivar gave the highest embryogenic yield in summer season while this was occurred in winter season for Sera Demre 8 cultivar. The results of the study revealed that the effect of donor plant age was also an important factor in anther culture of pepper. Since 4-month-old plants gave the highest embryo yield in both cultivars in each seasons, it is possible to say that anthers collected from old plants have sufficient embryogenic response when the optimum developmental stage is selected. 相似文献
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The frequency of obtained androgenic plants depends highly on the genotype; therefore the low rate of haploid recovery limits the utility of anther culture in pepper breeding. The need for incubation treatment and adequate nutrition media supplemented with plant growth regulators, especially auxins, are suggested as important factors to obtain somatic haploid embryos in pepper anther culture. The effect of three incubation treatments of the androgenic potential in pepper anther culture on MS, N, LS, NN and CP medium are summarised, and the results demonstrate that:
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- by incubating treatment in cold conditions (at 7 °C) in darkness for 7 days, and then transferring the explants to light conditions (12-h photoperiod at 25 °C) for 4 weeks, on LS and NN mediums, anthers produced callus; 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2005,103(2):199-208
We investigated the embryo induction of papaya by anther culture, and identified the sex of plantlets derived from embryos using a sex-diagnostic PCR. Anthers, containing approximately 80% uninucleate pollen, were collected from 10 to 14 mm long male flower buds. They were pre-treated on agar (0.8%) or in liquid medium for 1–5 days at 25 or 35 °C, then transferred to agar medium with 0.1 mg l−1 BA and 0.1 mg l−1 NAA. Agar and liquid media used for the pre-treatment contained water only or MS nutrients with or without sucrose (2.0%). On the agar medium, no embryos were induced at any pre-treatment temperature. In the liquid medium at 25 °C, embryos were induced at about 1.0% (rate of anthers forming embryos) in MS medium with sucrose for 3 or 5 days. At 35 °C, embryo induction rate tended to increase up to about 4.0% when anthers were treated in water for 1 day or MS medium with sucrose for 3 or 5 days. The sex of plantlets established through anther culture was analyzed using a sex-diagnostic PCR. All plantlets were determined as female. From these results, we suggest that all plantlets established through anther culture were of microspore origin, and that the anther culture technique is useful for the breeding of female papaya. 相似文献
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为了提高辣椒种子品种鉴别效率,实现辣椒种子品种快速无损鉴别,研究了一种基于荧光光谱的辣椒种子品种快速无损识别方法。选择同一系列相似辣椒种子的杂交品种卓椒3号、卓椒4号和卓椒5号为研究对象,分别采集辣椒种子的荧光光谱56份,对原始光谱进行Savitzky-Golay(SG)卷积平滑和一阶导数(first derivative,FD)预处理;采用主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)方法提取主成分,实现数据降维;采用Fisher判别分析方法建立辣椒种子品种识别模型。结果显示:采用荧光光谱建立判别模型时,卓椒3号辣椒种子的品种识别正确率达到92.9%,卓椒4号、卓椒5号辣椒种子的品种识别正确率均达到100.0%,整体识别正确率达到97.6%;采用荧光光谱的一阶导数光谱建立判别模型时,卓椒3号、卓椒4号、卓椒5号辣椒种子的品种识别正确率均达到100.0%,整体识别正确率达到100.0%。研究结果表明,种子叶绿素荧光光谱结合化学计量学方法能够有效识别辣椒种子品种。 相似文献
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外植体及培养条件对葡萄不定芽再生的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以优良无核葡萄品种莫利莎、皇家夏天为试材,分别从外植体类型、叶片接种部位、接种方式及培养条件等方面进行不定芽再生技术研究。结果表明,2品种葡萄试管苗离体叶片切割后接种较节间和叶柄容易诱导不定芽再生;将叶片切分为叶尖、叶中、叶基部叶块分别接种,其不定芽再生能力没有差异;取自培养30～50d继代苗上的叶片,其不定芽再生效果相同;叶块以近轴面或远轴面接触培养基的接种方式对不定芽再生影响不大,不过叶片远轴面贴近培养基接种,产生的愈伤组织状态较好;25℃左右小幅变温或恒温的条件能诱发2个葡萄品种产生较多的不定芽;葡萄不定芽再生须经黑暗培养或弱光培养,暗培养时间在2周与4周之间再生效果差异不显著。 相似文献
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辣椒子叶高效植株再生体系的建立 总被引：29，自引：2，他引：29
以双丰等17 个辣椒品种为试材, 探讨了不同基因型、激素组合、有机成分及AgNO3 等因素对子叶再生的影响。观察到DJ 添加物(辣椒幼苗茎叶提取汁液∶卡那霉素= 500∶1) 对不定芽的分化及伸长有明显的促进作用, 比对照分别提高10. 0 %～11. 1 %和90. 5 %～133. 3 %。筛选出高效芽分化培养基为MB+ IAA 1. 0 mg/L + 62BA 5. 0 mg/L + DJ 5 000. 0 mg/L + AgNO3 10. 0 mg/L , 17 个品种平均芽分化率达92. 3 %;高效芽伸长培养基为MB + IAA 1. 0 mg/L + 62BA 5. 0 mg/L + DJ 5 000. 0 mg/ L + AgNO3 10. 0 mg/ L + GA3 2. 0 mg/ L , 17 个品种平均芽伸长率达57. 8 %; 高效生根诱导培养基为MS + IAA 0. 2 mg/ L + NAA 0. 1 mg/ L ,生根率达90 % , 建立了辣椒子叶高效植株再生体系。 相似文献