共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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福安水牛是我国优良的水牛品种之一,是福建省唯一的水牛地方良种。论文分析了福安水牛在品种资源调查、役用性能、肉用性能、乳用性能、血液生理生化、血液蛋白多态性、线粒体DNA D loop区遗传多样性分析、DGAT基因多态性分析、分子遗传多样性研究等领域的研究现状,提出要开展品种资源保护和开发利用,认为福安水牛应该由以前“役用为主,乳肉为辅”向“乳用为主,肉役为辅”方向转变。 相似文献
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Francisco Ribeiro de Araujo Neto Luciana Takada Daniel Jordan Abreu dos Santos Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta-Borquis Diercles Francisco Cardoso André Vieira do Nascimento Karen Martins Leão Henrique Nunes de Oliveira Humberto Tonhati 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(11):1565-1572
In Brazil, water buffaloes have been used to produce milk for mozzarella cheese production. Consequently, the main selection criterion applied for the buffalo genetic improvement is the estimated mozzarella yield as a function of milk, fat and protein production. However, given the importance of reproductive traits in production systems, this study aimed to use techniques for identifying genomic regions that affect the age at first calving (AFC) and first calving interval (FCI) in buffalo cows and to select candidate genes for the identification of QTL and gene expression studies. The single-step GBLUP method was used for the identification of genomic regions. Windows of 1 Mb containing single-nucleotide polymorphisms were constructed and the 10 windows that explained the greatest proportion of genetic variance were considered candidate regions for each trait. Genes present into the selected windows were identified using the UOA_WB_1 assembly as the reference, and their ontology was defined with the Panther tool. Candidate regions for both traits were identified on BBU 3, 12, 21 and 22; for AFC, candidates were detected on BBU 6, 7, 8, 9 and 15 and for first calving interval on BBU 4, 14 and 19. This study identified regions with great contribution to the additive genetic variance of age at first calving and first calving interval in the population of buffalo cows studied. The ROCK2, PMVK, ADCY2, MAP2K6, BMP10 and GFPT1 genes are main candidates for reproductive traits in water dairy buffaloes, and these results may have future applications in animal breeding programs or in gene expression studies of the species. 相似文献
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Tadayon K Mosavari N Shahmoradi AH Sadeghi F Azarvandi A Forbes K 《Journal of veterinary medicine. B, Infectious diseases and veterinary public health》2006,53(Z1):41-42
Mycobacterium bovis is the cause of bovine tuberculosis (bovine Tb) in animals and is considered to be zoonotic and accordingly it infects humans, although cattle are the main host. Buffalo can also be infected and develop bovine Tb. In Iran, almost half a million buffaloes are farmed, mainly in three provinces. In West Azerbaijan, which has the largest numbers of buffaloes, cattle and buffalo are often farmed together. According to the reports of the Iranian Veterinary Organization over the last 25 years, there have been no reports of bovine Tb in buffalo, although the disease is often reported in cattle in this province. Eighteen and 140 pathology specimens from cattle and buffalo, respectively, collected from West Azerbaijani abattoirs were cultured. From one buffalo specimen out of 140, M. bovis was recovered, whereas the pathogen was isolated from 13 cattle specimens. Spoligotyping showed a relatively higher polymorphism within these isolates compared with M. bovis isolated from other Iranian provinces. 相似文献
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为研究水牛蛋白激酶AMP活化的催化亚基α2（protein kinase AMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha 2,PRKAA2）基因多态性,本试验以摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛基因组DNA为模板,扩增PRKAA2基因外显子4及内含子3部分序列,通过常规测序法检测其SNP并进行遗传多样性分析。结果发现,PRKAA2基因外显子4内存在1个SNP位点（c.462 G>A）,PRKAA2基因内含子3部分序列存在3个SNPs位点（IVS3.557 T>C、IVS3.560 C>T和IVS3.565 G>A）。经遗传多样性分析表明,在c.462 G>A位点的野生纯合型和杂合型比突变纯合型更有优势,IVS3.557 T>C和IVS3.560 C>T位点的突变纯合型为非优势基因型,IVS3.565 G>A位点杂合型为优势基因型。IVS3.565 G>A位点在摩拉水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态;c.462 G>A位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中处于Hardy-Weinberg非平衡状态。4个SNPs位点在摩拉水牛群体中均为中度多态;c.462 G>A、IVS3.557 T>C位点在尼里-拉菲水牛群体中为低度多态,IVS3.560 C>T、IVS3.565 G>A位点为中度多态。IVS3.557 T>C位点在两个水牛群体中杂合度较低。说明摩拉水牛IVS3.565 G>A位点和尼里-拉菲水牛c.462 G>A位点的基因型频率和基因频率遗传状态不平衡,尼里-拉菲水牛群体中IVS3.557 T>C位点遗传变异小,选择潜力不高。4个多态位点可以构建5种单倍型,其中T-C-G-G是摩拉水牛群体和尼里-拉菲水牛群体的优势单倍型。综上,本研究检测的摩拉水牛和尼里-拉菲水牛PRKAA2基因上4个SNPs位点可为水牛标记辅助选择育种提供参考。 相似文献
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Tanpure T Dubey PK Singh KP Kathiravan P Mishra BP Niranjan SK Kataria RS 《Tropical animal health and production》2012,44(7):1587-1592
Leptin gene has been found to be associated with various economic traits including milk production and fat quality in dairy animals. In the present study, we investigated genetic variations in intron 1 region of leptin gene in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and sequencing methods and associated them with milk traits. The study revealed three SSCP variants A, B and C among a total of 301 buffaloes from nine breeds. The frequency of variant C was found invariably high among all the breeds except in Marathwada buffalo. Variant A was found to be absent in Chilika, Nili-Ravi, Nagpuri and Pandharpuri breeds and also had the lowest frequencies in Mehsana, Jaffarabadi, Murrah and Toda breeds. Sequencing of SSCP variants revealed a total of five polymorphic sites, with three haplotypes. Statistical analysis revealed significantly high fat percentage at 150?days in SSCP variant B in Mehsana buffaloes. However, the associations of SSCP variants of leptin gene with total milk yield, 305?days milk yield and total fat yield were found to be non-significant. The present study is the first report on association analysis of leptin gene polymorphisms with milk production and milk quality traits in river buffalo. 相似文献
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L.O. Seno J. Fernández V.L. Cardoso L.A. García‐Cortes M. Toro D.O. Santos L.G. Albuquerque G.M.F. de Camargo H. Tonhati 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2012,129(6):488-500
Buffaloes are generally raised in Brazil without milk‐recording programs, and thus without genetic evaluations of any of their traits. This study evaluated the economic impacts of three different selection strategies on buffalo populations and the evolution of genetic trends, genetic variances and inbreeding coefficients resulting from each of them. The selection strategies used were as follows: (i) random selection; (ii) phenotypic selection; and (iii) progeny testing (PT). As the numbers of herds enrolled in milk‐recording programs increased, phenotypic selection and PT strategies increased both monetary benefits and genetic trends. The extra costs of implementing milk recording (MR) and PT procedures were exceeded by the income resulting from better buffalo performance. Progeny testing is known to result in beneficial genetic trends and the use of artificial insemination promoted better distributions of genetic material into herds that were not enrolled in milk‐recording programs. Phenotypic selection and PT increased mean milk production ‐ a key factor in profitability. Inbreeding levels remained stable with phenotypic selection, even as the numbers of MR herds increased. Increases in the numbers of sires that were evaluated reduced the mean inbreeding coefficient in PT. Increasing the number of herds enrolled in milk‐recording programs resulted in increased numbers of sires needed for PT, but this did not increase the inbreeding coefficient. In summary, phenotypic selection and PT strategies appear to be economically viable for buffalo husbandry in south‐eastern Brazil under current (2007–2008) economic conditions and should be encouraged. 相似文献
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Patrícia Aparecida Cardoso da LUZ Paulo Ramos da Silva SANTOS Cristiana ANDRIGHETTO André Mendes JORGE Ant?nio Chaves de ASSIS NETO 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(1):14-17
Buffalo are an economically important source for meat and milk production, especially in
Brazil. However, important aspects of their biology remain unknown thus far. Herein, we
describe the reproductive characteristics of male Murrah buffalo (Bubalus
bubalis) raised under extensive management conditions by applying biometrics
associated with testicular weight. We analyzed seven males, divided into two groups: G1,
which consisted of four 18-month-old animals, and G2, which consisted of three
24-month-old animals. Testicular development occurs slowly in Murrah buffalo, suggesting a
delay of sexual maturity. The biometric testicular parameters analyzed were scrotal
circumference, testicular weight, testicular length, testicular width, testicular
thickness and testicular circumference. Our data indicate strong correlations between SC,
age and body weight, and additional significant relationships were identified between body
weight, age and other testicular parameters. Thus, these parameters are suitable
indicators when selecting bulls for breeding purposes. 相似文献
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水牛乳营养丰富，与一般的牛乳相比，不仅蛋白质含量高，其乳脂肪、干物质及矿物质含量均较一般牛乳高，对其进行加工具有很高的经济价值，因此市场上有许多相关的水牛乳制品。广西气候环境十分适宜水牛的生长与繁殖，本文综述广西地区的水牛引进历史、水牛杂交改良乳品品质及水牛乳的成分特性，对比普通牛乳与水牛乳营养成分差异，并对水牛乳相关乳制品及其发展状况进行概要论述。 相似文献
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在畜牧生产中,繁殖性状是一个非常重要的经济性状,繁殖性能的高低与动物生产效益密切相关。水牛是我国南方重要的物种资源,它具有耐粗饲、适应性强和易饲养等特点。而且水牛肉肉质鲜美,易于消化;水牛奶更是营养丰富全面,是制作高档奶制品的优质原料,一直以来,深受广大消费者青睐。然而,尽管我国水牛存栏量多,但水牛繁殖力低,一直是制约水牛产业发展的重要因素。如何提高水牛繁殖性能已成为当下研究的重点。为此,本文主要从分子水平上对近年来水牛繁殖性状相关基因的研究进展做一概述,并展望其应用前景。 相似文献
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R.C. Sesana A.B. Bignardi R.R.A. Borquis L. El Faro F. Baldi L.G. Albuquerque H. Tonhati 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2010,127(5):369-376
The objective of this work was to estimate covariance functions for additive genetic and permanent environmental effects and, subsequently, to obtain genetic parameters for buffalo’s test‐day milk production using random regression models on Legendre polynomials (LPs). A total of 17 935 test‐day milk yield (TDMY) from 1433 first lactations of Murrah buffaloes, calving from 1985 to 2005 and belonging to 12 herds located in São Paulo state, Brazil, were analysed. Contemporary groups (CGs) were defined by herd, year and month of milk test. Residual variances were modelled through variance functions, from second to fourth order and also by a step function with 1, 4, 6, 22 and 42 classes. The model of analyses included the fixed effect of CGs, number of milking, age of cow at calving as a covariable (linear and quadratic) and the mean trend of the population. As random effects were included the additive genetic and permanent environmental effects. The additive genetic and permanent environmental random effects were modelled by LP of days in milk from quadratic to seventh degree polynomial functions. The model with additive genetic and animal permanent environmental effects adjusted by quintic and sixth order LP, respectively, and residual variance modelled through a step function with six classes was the most adequate model to describe the covariance structure of the data. Heritability estimates decreased from 0.44 (first week) to 0.18 (fourth week). Unexpected negative genetic correlation estimates were obtained between TDMY records at first weeks with records from middle to the end of lactation, being the values varied from ?0.07 (second with eighth week) to ?0.34 (1st with 42nd week). TDMY heritability estimates were moderate in the course of the lactation, suggesting that this trait could be applied as selection criteria in milking buffaloes. 相似文献
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槟榔江水牛在云南西部槟榔江上游的腾冲县饲养已有500年以上的历史。该水牛经过长期闭锁繁育和风土驯化，已适应当地亚热带气候环境，是我国发掘的首例本土河流型水牛类群。具有典型的河流型水牛体型外貌特征，但体型相对较小。遗传学分析表明：槟榔江水牛体细胞核型染色体数多为2n=50；其群体内遗传变异水平较高，遗传多样性丰富；该水牛与河流型水牛表现出较近的遗传关系，与沼泽型水牛遗传关系较远；确认在群体遗传组成和血统来源上，该水牛由差异十分明显的河流型和沼泽型两个世系所构成，但河流型水牛世系在该水牛群体中占主体，揭示该水牛存在一定的沼泽型水牛基因渗入。生产性能测定结果显示：该水牛一个泌乳期泌乳量为（2452．2±553．8）kg，比河流型摩拉和尼里一拉菲水牛高8．4％～15．0％，比沼泽型本地乳用水牛高124．4％～140．3％；且其乳质佳，乳蛋白率和乳脂率分别为4．60％和6．82％。该水牛在2008年经国家畜禽遗传资源委员会颁布为我国遗传资源的牛种之一，发展前景看好，将有望培育成中国首个河流型乳用水牛新品种。 相似文献
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水牛血液与乳中LDH活力的对比研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
利用不连续缓冲体系聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)进行乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)同工酶与生产性能的关系分析, 结果表明,水牛血清和乳中LDH都有5种同工酶,它们分别是LDH-1、LDH-2、LDH-3、LDH-4、LDH-5。其中LDH-1与产奶性能有较高的遗传相关,拟作为水牛遗传育种的附加标记。 相似文献
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[目的]为了解意大利地中海水牛冻精的授精效果及其在我国生长适应情况。[方法]利用国内首次引进意大利地中海水牛冻精与我国现有的摩拉、尼里——拉菲和本地水牛进行人工授精,试验选取自然发情的摩拉水牛20头,尼里水牛16头,本地水牛32头,年龄在2.5~9岁之间,采用直肠把握子宫角深部输精法,配种后40 d应用B超进行早期妊娠诊断怀孕情况。[结果]：摩拉、尼里——拉菲和本地水牛受胎率分别为50.00%、75.00%、56.25%,平均人工授精配种受胎率为58.82%,品种间人工授精受胎率差异不显著（P〉0.1）。[结论]表明引进地中海水牛冻精开展杂交组合,改良我国现有的水牛品种,提高其生产性能是切实可行的。 相似文献
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内蒙古三河牛是我国自主培育的乳肉兼用型品种,它是呼伦贝尔各族人民一百多年来辛勤劳动的结晶。从1986年育成以来,三河牛以核心家系选育的方式延续严格的保种制度,在呼伦贝尔草原严酷环境中保持良好的生产性能和繁殖力。虽然在近20年不断受到荷斯坦牛等高产品种的挑战,但对当地气候的高度适应性和良好的兼用性让三河牛始终立于不败之地。"十一五"以来,三河牛选育进一步得到国家重视,在原有品种登记和性能测定系统的基础上,修定并发布了新的三河牛品种国家标准,建立了三河牛育种信息数据库,引入奶牛DHI测定体系,强调兼用性的育种目标,吸收国外兼用型品种高水平遗传种质,采用开放式核心群育种体系,不断取得各方面进展。现简述三河牛培育历程,并总结目前的各项进展,与业界同仁分享。 相似文献