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1983—1986年在美味猕猴桃幼树上进行了喷布生长抑制剂试验。结果表明:猕猴桃幼树在新梢生长前期(5月上旬～5月下旬)喷布2000～3000ppmB9 1—2次.1000～1500ppmCEPA 2次、2000ppmPP3332次以及2000ppmB9+500ppm CEPA 2次,2000ppmPP333+600ppmCEPA 2次,均能有效地控制营养生长.促进花芽分化.其中两个混喷处理控长促 花尤为显著.喷布生长抑制剂后,叶内总核酸、DNA、RNA、蛋白质的含量增加,表明生长抑制剂促进了核酸、蛋白质的生物合成.这样可使叶部的核酸代谢活化,影响遗传信息的表达,调节和推动生理代谢过程,促进成花基因的活化,从而显示出促进花芽的效果. 相似文献
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近年来 ,消费者对草莓品质和大果型的要求越来越高。为了提高草莓品质和果个 ,提高单位面积产量和收益 ,我们进行了该项试验 ,现将结果简报如下。1 材料和方法试验于 1997— 1999年在江苏省丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所日光温室草莓园进行 ,该园土壤肥力中等。供试材料为丰香营养钵苗 ,9月 6日定植。试验设2个处理 ,处理 1 喷布和滴灌奥普尔液肥 (美国O.M.S.公司北京奥普尔农化公司生产 ) 80 0倍液 ,10月 1日至 1月 31日每 2 0天 1次 ,2月 1日至采收每 30天 1次 ,每次每株用液肥 70～ 80 m L ;处理 2 对照 ,喷布和滴灌清水 ,每个小区 6 … 相似文献
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色氨酸提高草莓果实品质和产量试验 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
草莓品种索菲亚和丰香均于 11月下旬起每隔 7天喷布 1次 10 0、2 0 0、30 0、4 0 0、50 0 mg/ LL-型色氨酸或 DL -型色氨酸 ,连喷 4次 ,并于翌年 3月中旬起再每隔 10天喷 1次 ,共喷 3次。结果表明 :2个品种均以喷布 30 0、 4 0 0 mg/ L L -型色氨酸或 DL-型色氨酸其草莓苗株高、茎粗、叶厚、单株叶数及单株叶面积显著高于对照 ;果实较大 ,果实可溶性固形物、总糖及 Vc含量提高 ,糖酸比增大 ,品质提高 ;单株产量极显著或显著高于对照 相似文献
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<正> 1982年,中国农科院郑州果树所在该所试验农场葡萄园,以20年生玫瑰香葡萄为试材,开始研究硝酸稀土对葡萄产量和品质的影响。试材株行距2×3米。篱架,扇形整枝。硝酸稀土喷布浓度有0.1%、0.3%、0.5%,以喷清水为对照。分别于生理落果期(6月5日)、硬核期(6月25日)和开始着色期(7月15日)喷布,共喷3次。试验结果初步表明,喷布硝酸稀土能提高葡萄产量,产量 相似文献
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葡萄是个高光呼吸树种。光呼吸比暗呼吸高1—5倍。其消耗量为光合产物总量的三分之一或四分之一。为了抑制光呼吸,提高光合效率,增加有机物质积累,提高葡萄产量和品质,1982年在生产上喷布抑制剂—亚硫酸氢钠,获得显著 相似文献
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<正> 核酸生物肥主要成分有核酸、氨基酸、有机酸及胡萝卜素等,它具有增加坐果、提高果实着色和改善果实品质等作用,在日本果树生产上已广泛使用。为了探索该肥在我地区葡萄上的作用,苏州市科委从日本引进核酸生物肥系列产品日本3号、4号、6号肥,于1992年在吴江市林果良种场葡萄园进行试验。试材为6年生巨峰葡萄,篱架栽培。供试核酸生物肥有日本3号、4号、6号肥(日本国三井东压肥料株式会社产品)。试验设4个处理:处理1于花前20d(天)起,共喷布4次1000倍日本4号肥,每隔7d喷1次;处理2于花前20 d(4月30日)起,喷布8次1500倍日本6号肥,每隔7d喷1次;处理3于幼果开始生长(5月28日)起,喷布4次1000倍日本3号肥,每隔7d喷1次;对照(不喷肥)。各处理均为3株小区,2次重复,4个 相似文献
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钛在土壤中含量一般认为可达3000-6000ppm、作物较易吸收利用的却常在11ppm 以下,而植物体对钛的需要量约在1—50pp m之间。因此,对多种作物叶面喷施一定剂量的钛化合物,有提高产量、增进品质的作用。 为探索钛化合物在桃树上的应用效果,我们于1986—1987两年对18年生5月红桃进行了喷钛试验。钛化合物由北京有色总院307室提供(含纯钛10%粉剂,pH6左右)。 试验设3ppm和 10ppm两个处理浓度,以喷等量清水为对照,每处理5株,重复四次。于幼果期进行喷布(10公斤/株)。 苹果:喷钛对五月红桃生长和结实都起到积极促进作用。如喷2ppm 钛水溶液后,一… 相似文献
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Dichlofluanid effectively controlled strawberry fruit rot (Botrytis cinerea Fr.) in a series of field experiments from 1965 to 1967. Less than 1 % of fruits were infected where 6 lb./acre/year was applied in three sprays (0·1 % a.i. w./w.) at early flower, main flower and late flower stages. Less mildew (Sphaerotheca alchemillae (Grev.) Junnell) developed on fruits of cv. Royal Sovereign after sprays of dichlofluanid than after thiram or difolatan.Yield of sound fruit was increased by all three fungicides; on cv. Talisman the yield was greatest with dichlofluanid and on cv. Royal Sovereign with thiram. Fruits of Royal Sovereign were damaged by dichlofluanid and to a lesser extent by thiram; the fruits were smaller and more of them were malformed, relative to the unsprayed plants. The fruits of Talisman were undamaged by the standard rates of thiram and dichlofluanid. 相似文献
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SummarySingle foliar sprays of paclobutrazol (PP333) at 300, 1000 or 3000 mg H applied at three different stages from full bloom to petal-fall in a year of average initial sets . and fruit size were equally effective in thinning ‘Conference’ pear, increasing the proportion of large fruits at harvest, but decreasing their absolute numbers. Sprays applied nine days after petal-fall reduced initial sets less effectively and, applied 21 days after petal-fall, were ineffective. Thinning was completed within 25 days after petal-fall. Shoot extension was initially retarded at all three concentrations, but later increased, so that the total growth made during the season was not reduced. Single foliar sprays at 300 or 1000 mg l?1 applied at 70% full bloom in a year of heavy set and small fruit size increased the numbers of large fruits in the >55 mm size category by 66% and decreased those of fruits <55 mm by a similar amount. The increase in the yield of fruits >55 mm and decrease of unsaleable <45 mm fruits was equivalent to about 3 and 2 t ha?1 respectively from a total average yield of about 17.5 t ha?1. In the same experiment, similar sprays counteracted the stimulation in the production of small fruits by sprays of gibberellic acid (GA) applied on the same day, but did not increase the harvest of large fruits. Sprays of paclobutrazol at 30 or 100 mg l?1 applied two weeks after petal-fall and then on three successive occasions at two-week intervals inhibited total extension growth per shoot during the season without affecting initial or final sets, fruit size or flower bud production. Single sprays applied at 100 mg l?1 in July reduced total extension per shoot almost as effectively as the repeated sprays. For more effective control of ‘Conference’ shoot growth, paclobutrazol may have to be sprayed later in the season than commercially recommended. Applied as a blossom thinner, paclobutrazol may increase the yield of large fruits only in years of heavy set and small fruit size, requiring that applications be delayed until set can be judged. 相似文献
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R. Gucci E. Lodolini H. F. Rapoport 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):648-656
SUMMARYA field experiment was conducted over two growing seasons to determine the combined effect of crop load and irrigation on yield components of olive trees (Olea europaea L. ‘Leccino’) planted at 6 m 3.8 m in a sandy-clay soil. Different crop loads were established by manual thinning of fruits. Drip irrigation was managed to maintain pre-dawn leaf water-potentials (PLWP) within the following ranges: (i) higher than –1.1 MPa (FI; fully irrigated); (ii) between –1.0 and –3.3 MPa (DI; deficit irrigated); or (iii) below –1.2 MPa, but not lower than –4.2 MPa (SI; severe deficit irrigated). The irrigation period lasted from 6 – 16 weeks after full bloom (AFB) in 2003, and from 5 – 19 weeks AFB in 2004. In 2003, full bloom was on 26 May; in 2004, it was on 3 June. Neither irrigation regime nor crop load affected flowering or flower quality the following Spring. The combined fruit yields [on a fresh weight (FW) basis] over both years in SI and DI trees were 49.0% and 81.6% of FI trees, respectively. The oil yields of SI and DI trees were 52.5% and 81.2% of FI trees, respectively. Fruit FWs in FI trees were greater than those of DI or SI trees at 8 weeks AFB. At harvest, FI trees bore the largest fruits, and SI trees the smallest fruits. The FWs of individual fruits at harvest in the FI and DI treatments decreased as crop load increased, but no such relationship was apparent for SI trees. The oil content of the mesocarp increased as PLWP increased from approx. –3.5 MPa to –1.5 MPa. The oil content of FI trees at harvest decreased from 53.1% to 45.7% dry weight as fresh fruit yield increased from 5 – 25 kg dm–2 trunk cross-sectional area. However, crop load did not have any effect on the oil content of the mesocarp in DI trees. Fruit maturation was delayed by irrigation. Maturation index also decreased (indicating delayed maturation) as the crop load on FI or DI trees increased, but did not vary with crop level in SI trees. 相似文献
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R. Porat D. Pavoncello J. Peretz B. Weiss A. Daus L. Cohen 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(4):428-432
SummaryPostharvest heat treatments have been used for many years as alternatives to chemical control of fungal diseases and insect infestation of fruits and vegetables. In this study, the effects of a new hot-water brushing (HWB) treatment on the resistance of red grapefruit (C. paradisi cv. Star Ruby) to green mould decay caused by Penicillium digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) Sacc. and on the development of chilling injury (CI) symptoms during cold storage were examined. The HWB treatment comprises rinsing hot water on the fruits as they move along a belt of brush rollers. A twenty second HWB treatment at 59 or 62° reduced decay, after arti®cial inoculation of wounded fruit, by 52 or 70%, respectively, compared with control unwashed fruit, whereas rinsing and brushing the fruit with tap water (~20°) or with hot water at 53 or 56°, were ineffective. HWB treatments applied 1–3 d prior to inoculation were most effective in enhancing the disease resistance of fruit, but were much less effective when the fruit were inoculated on the same day or 7.d later. HWB treatments at 59 or 62° for 20.s also significantly reduced the CI index and the percentage of fruit displaying CI symptoms by 42 and 58%, respectively, after six weeks’ storage at 2° and an additional week at 20°. Furthermore, HWB treatments cleaned the fruit and improved its general appearance without causing any surface damage, and did not influence fruit weight loss, percentage of total soluble solids (TSS) in the juice, juice acidity or fruit colour. 相似文献
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方位及冠层对核桃内果皮木质素形成及相关酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】明确核桃果实发育过程中不同光照强度对内果皮中木质素、相关酶活性影响的动态变化规律。【方法】以核桃品种’新新2号’为试验材料,研究了树冠不同方位、不同冠层对内果皮中木质素含量、相关酶活性的变化规律,并进行了相关性分析。【结果】在不同方位、不同冠层上,木质素含量随着核桃果实的生长发育呈持续增加趋势;PAL、POD酶活性强弱的排序依次为:南面上层>南面中层>南面下层>北面上层>北面中层>北面下层>中部上层>中部中层>中部下层;PPO酶活性强弱的排序依次为:北面下层>北面中层>北面上层>中部下层>中部中层>中部上层>南面下层>南面中层>南面上层。相关性分析表明,木质素含量与POD酶活性呈极显著正相关(p<0.01,r=0.808**),与PPO酶活性呈负相关。【结论】树冠南面和上层接受的光照强度最大,木质素含量最高,PAL、POD酶活性最强;PPO酶活性最低;木质素含量与POD酶活性呈极显著正相关(p<0.01,r=0.808**),表明光照强度诱导了核桃果实内果皮中木质素的积累及相关酶活性的增强。 相似文献
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SummaryYield and fruit quality parameters were studied during three years in a rootstock trial with ‘Mutsu’ apple. M.9 provided the highest total yield per tree as well as the highest quantity of intermediate and yellow fruit as compared with J.9, M.26 and B.9. Within similar colour categories, significant differences among rootstocks were also recorded for fruit starch degradation pattern (SDP), firmness, titratable acidity (TA), and soluble solids concentrations (SSC). Generally, the lowest SDP and highest fruit firmness was found in fruits from trees on rootstocks M.26 and B.9. The highest TA was found in fruits from trees on rootstocks M.26 and J.9 and the highest SSC in fruits from trees on rootstocks J.9 and B.9. However, considerable variations among years were also recorded. Correlation coefficients between rootstock and several yield and quality parameters revealed high correlation to SSC for green fruit and TA for medium and yellow fruit and some correlation to yield and number of fruits per tree. 相似文献
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在乙醇：龙眼果皮＝ １００∶４（ｖ／ｗ ）、７０ ℃、１００ ｍ ｉｎ 的最佳条件下,ｐＨ ４．５２,λＲｍａｘ＝ ３７０ ｎｍ ,呈鲜黄色。龙眼黄色素（Ｒ）乙醇提取液的ｐＨ、光、热、离子、共存物对Ｒ的稳定性有不同的影响。综合考虑各种影响因素,用Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ保鲜剂、浸果３ ｍ ｉｎ 后,分别于室温、１５、－ １０ ℃下贮藏１０、３０、６０ｄ,龙眼的好果率为８７ ％ 、９５ ％ 、１００ ％ ,损耗率为１４ ％ ～０,基本保持果壳原色和果肉的色泽、风味、品质,取得了护色保鲜的效果 相似文献
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进行了68.75%银法利悬浮剂对槟榔芋疫病的田间防效试验。试验结果表明,68.75%银法利悬浮剂对槟榔芋疫病有较好的防治效果。在疫病发生初期用70%安泰生可湿性粉剂500倍液喷施1次,发生高峰期用68.75%银法利悬浮剂500倍液或600倍液喷施2次,在第3次药后7d防治效果分别为73.91%和68.82%,第3次药后14d防治效果分别为69.86%和65.36%,且对槟榔芋生长无不良影响。 相似文献
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J. P. De Holanda-Neto D. M. Bueno Z. B. De Araújo 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(2):226-231
SummaryThe roles of self- versus cross-pollination and honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) foraging behaviour in low nut yield of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) were studied in NE Brazil in 1997 and 1998. It was shown that both self- and cross-pollination can set fruits in cashew, but most of fruits originating from self-pollination are shed 9–15 d after pollination, and fruits harvested are primarily from cross-pollination. Honey bees display foraging behaviour in cashew orchards conducive to cross-pollination, but in plantations originating from clonal material they failed to increase fruit yield despite cashew's dependence on insect pollination. It is concluded that cashew has a mechanism of selective abortion through which it discards self-pollinated fruits and that honey bees can contribute to increased fruit yield only when cashew trees of genetically diverse origin are found in the same orchard. 相似文献