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11个芒果品种SSR指纹图谱的构建与品种鉴别 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以11个有一定代表性的芒果品种为试材,从16对SSR引物中筛选14对多态性引物构建11个品种的指纹图谱.结果共检测出61个片段,其中多态性片段56个,每对引物可以检测到2～10个数目不等的片段,平均为4.4个,片段大小介于100～540 bp之间.11个芒果品种的SSR指纹图谱互不相同,可以作为各品种的特定图谱,单一多态性引物能将11个芒果品种区分为2～5个类型.平均为3.3个类型.14对多态性引物中不同的4对核心引物指纹图谱可以将11个品种区分开. 相似文献
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大麦赤霉病,白粉病抗源筛选研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
１９９１－１９９５年,在浙江省筛选抗大麦赤霉病３２７１份。其中,国内品种２４１６份,鉴定出抗病品种５份,中抗的２０４份;国外品种４９３份,鉴定出抗病品种４份,中抗的１１８份;野生大麦３６２份,未同抗病品种尚有待于进一步筛选。对２９３１份大麦种质资源进行了抗白粉病抗源筛选。其中国内外资源１９２７份鉴定出抗病品种１２份;野生大麦１１０４份,未筛选出抗泊,尚待继续鉴定。 相似文献
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采用喷雾法对43个花生品种进行疮痂病抗性鉴定试验,以筛选出适合本地区种植的抗病品种。结果表明：43个花生品种对疮痂病的抗性差异可分为3类,中感(MS)的有7个,占16.28%;中抗(MR)的有28个,占65.12%,抗病(R)品种有8个,占18.60%。建议抗病性达到中抗(MR)以上的36个品种,可结合各地的生产条件和品种综合性状示范种植。 相似文献
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经过１２年的研究，征集到国内外芒果品种５６种，通过试种从中筛选出早熟品种三年芒，中熟品种吕宋、马切苏、晚熟品种秋芒，延长上市期三个月，通过栽培技术的研究，总结提出：选择宜植地，等高开垦，表土回穴使用良种培育壮苗，计划密植；合理间作；科学施肥、适时灌水、中耕除草；防治病虫，整形修剪；适时采收，包装运输”的高产综合栽培技术，平均亩产达６３７．２５千克，最高产达２８５８．６５千克，创造了国内芒果高产新记 相似文献
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为评价不同品种芒果块液氮速冻后的品质特性,以桂热、金煌、凯特、紫花、红象牙等10个广西芒果品种为对象,对其速冻-解冻前后样品的开裂率、感观品质、色度以及硬度、凝聚性、弹性、咀嚼性等质构特性进行测试。结果表明,经液氮速冻后,10个品种芒果块的感官品质均有所下降,90%芒果品种出现开裂现象,硬度、咀嚼性下降幅度较大,色度、凝聚性、弹性下降幅度相对较小;其中桂热10号、金煌芒、紫花芒3个品种在液氮速冻-解冻后保持相对较高的品质。说明液氮速冻对不同品种芒果块品质的影响不同,本研究为液氮速冻应用于速冻芒果的加工提供理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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为了筛选大麦抗白粉病资源,本研究了294份供试大麦品种2010-2012年度在昆明点的白粉病抗性表现,以及13份在昆明、丽江、保山和德宏4个不同生态试验点可正常成熟的大麦品种的田间白粉病抗性.294份大麦品种的鉴定结果表明,高抗品种6份,占供试材料的2.04％,抗病品种36份,占供试材料的12.24％,感病和高感品种252份,占供试材料的85.71％;在二棱大麦中高抗和抗病品种的比例达到19.61％,高于多棱大麦品种中高抗和抗病品种的比例.13个大麦品种在不同生态试验点的抗性分析结果表明,不同大麦品种和相同大麦品种在不同生态试验点的田间白粉病抗性存在明显差异.机械裸、义乌八角米麦、Gdcm4和新啤4号在昆明、丽江、保山和德宏均抗白粉病,可用作4个地区的推广品种或育种亲本. 相似文献
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种植密度对普通油茶炭疽病病害发生的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为探究密度调整对普通油茶（Camellia oleifera）炭疽病发病程度的影响，基于金华东方红林场的普通油茶资源收集圃的3个重复小区，对105个普通油茶品种进行炭疽病病情调查，采用病情指数法、单因素方差分析、可重复双因素方差分析等方法分析密度调整及品种差异对病害的影响。分析结果表明：密度调整后大部分无性系的病情指数都有相应减小，88个无性系的抗病水平与密度调整前差异显著，其中高抗无性系增加4个，抗病无性系增加58个；密度调整对不同品种影响不同，15号、17号、21号等41个无性系在密度调整前后病情指数存在显著差异（P＜0.05）；10号、20号、24号等47个无性系在密度调整前后病情指数存在极显著差异（P＜0.01），有17个普通油茶无性系在密度调整前后病情指数无显著性差异（P＞0.05）。密度调整对炭疽病害发生有显著改善作用，且对不同普通油茶品种的影响存在差异，本研究可为普通油茶抗病品种选育和郁闭林改造提供依据。 相似文献
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Sorghum is an important worldwide crop whose yield can be significantly reduced by anthracnose (Colletotrichum sublineola) and grain mold diseases (multiple fungi). The identification of new genetic sources of resistance to both diseases is imperative for the development of new sorghum varieties. To this end, a total of 80 exotic germplasm accessions from Burkina Faso (BFA) and South Africa (ZAF) were evaluated for anthracnose and grain mold resistance during two planting periods in 2012 at the USDA-ARS experimental farms in Isabela, Puerto Rico. Twelve accessions were resistant to anthracnose during both evaluations of which 10 are originally from BFA. The anthracnose resistant accessions identified herein had a hypersensitive reaction characterized by lesions having red and purple color. Likewise, 9 accessions exhibited grain mold resistance after being inoculated with a mixture of a conidial suspension of Fusarium thapsinum, Fusarium semitectum, and Curvularia lunata during both periods. Eight of these accessions (PI 586182, PI 586186, PI 647705, PI 647706, PI 647707, PI 647708, PI 647710, and PI 647712) originated from BFA, while one (PI 61666) is from ZAF. The PI 586186 was the only accession that exhibited resistance to both anthracnose and grain mold. The grain mold resistant accession PI 61666 has a panicle shape that resembles a standard United States commercial type sorghum and is also photoperiod insensitive. The results presented herein indicate that the BFA germplasm could be an important source for anthracnose and grain mold resistance genes. The integration of these anthracnose and grain mold resistant germplasm into sorghum breeding programs should aid in expanding the genetic diversity and in the development of new resistant varieties. 相似文献
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应用系统聚类方法筛选持久抗瘟性水稻品种 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以Tetep、Moroberekan、B40为抗、感对照，用8个抗性组分，对47个云南地方稻种资源的抗瘟性进行了系统聚类分析。结果表明，可以较好地将1996~1999年的50、27、16、11个品种分别分成6、6、4、3类。持久抗病对照品种Tetep(感~抗)分布于1、2、4类内，但较集中于第2类内；持久抗性品种Moroberekan(感~中抗)集中于第2类内；云南地方品种大白谷、毫弄早、毫玉浪每年同聚于第1类品种中，经连续几年试验，均表现出比Tetep和Moroberekan较稳定和较强的抗瘟性。第3、5、6类为感病品种，其中第3类感病对照品种B40历年与其他品种间的距离较其他品种相互间聚类距离大，属高度感病。连续4年的试验结果表明，系统聚类分析可作为水稻持久抗瘟性品种筛选的方法。 相似文献
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Dwarf and common cashew (Anacardium occidentale) genotypes were screened separately for resistance against anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides). Disease incidence was assessed on emerging leaves over three consecutive crop seasons in Mocuba, Meconta and Pebane districts of northern Mozambique. Evaluation the disease using leaf incidence is presented as a new field method for screening cashew genotypes resistant to anthracnose. It is fast, precise and consistent in ranking cultivars over several tree seasons. Seasonal, cultivar and disease incidence means were compared using Fishers' LSD test. The method enabled the differentiation of highly infected cultivars from those consistently tolerant across seasons and locations. No a single clone with a high level of resistance was identified out of 229 entries. However, hierarchical tables of clonal sensitivity ranked clones 1.12PA, 12.8PA and 1.18PA as tolerant and 11.9PA and 2.3BG as susceptible among the dwarfs. Among the common genotypes, clones NA7, MB77, 1.5R and MCH-2 ranked tolerant and IM1 and MU3 susceptible. Tolerant clones were therefore recommended to be used in the national cashew breeding program for further development of cashew cultivars with durable resistance to anthracnose. Further, clones such as 2.5VM, 1EM, MB75 and others that revealed incidence consistency over seasons can be used as susceptibility or tolerance standards in screening trials. 相似文献
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DUAN Can-xing ZHANG Shi-xian LEI Cai-lin CHENG Zhi-jun CHEN Qing ZHAI Hu-qu WAN Jian-min 《水稻科学》2008,15(1):36-42
One hundred and thirty-eight rice accessions were screened for resistance to the small brown planthopper (SBPH) (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) by the modified seedbox screening test. Twenty-five rice accessions with different levels of resistance to SBPH were detected, accounting for 18.1% of the total accessions, which included 2 highly resistant, 9 resistant and 14 moderately resistant varieties. Compared with indica rice, japonica rice was more susceptible to SBPH. Antixenosis test, antibiosis test and correlation analysis were performed to elucidate the resistance mechanism. The resistant check Rathu Heenati (RHT), highly resistant varieties Mudgo and Kasalath, and resistant variety IR36 expressed strong antixenosis and antibiosis against SBPH, indicating the close relationship between resistance level and these two resistance mechanisms in the four rice varieties. Antibiosis was the dominant resistance pattern in the resistant varieties Daorenqiao and Yangmaogu due to their high antibiosis but low antixenosis. Dular, ASD7 and Milyang 23 had relatively strong antixenosis and antibiosis, indicating the two resistance mechanisms were significant in these three varieties. The resistant DV85 expressed relatively high level of antixenosis but low antibiosis, whereas Zhaiyeqing 8 and Guiyigu conferred only moderate antibiosis and antixenosis to SBPH, suggesting tolerance in these three varieties. Antibiosis and antixenosis governed the resistance to SBPH in the moderately resistant accession 9311. Antixenosis was the main resistance type in V20A. Tolerance was considered to be an important resistance mechanism in Minghui 63 and Yangjing 9538 due to their poor antibiosis and antixenosis resistance. The above accessions with strong antibiosis or antixenosis were the ideal materials for the resistance breeding. 相似文献
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水稻种质资源抗灰飞虱评价及抗性机制分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过改进的苗期集团筛选法,对138份水稻种质进行了抗灰飞虱鉴定与评价。筛选出对灰飞虱具有不同程度抗性的材料25份,占总鉴定材料的181%,其中高抗种质2份,抗性种质9份,中抗材料14份,粳稻品种明显比籼稻感虫。对部分材料进行的排驱性、抗生性试验及相关分析表明,Rathu Heenati(RHT)、Mudgo、Kasalath和IR36对灰飞虱具有强的排驱性和抗生性,其抗性水平与这两种抗虫机制密切相关;道人桥、羊毛谷的抗生性强,但排驱性弱,其主要抗虫机制表现为抗生性;Dular、ASD7和密阳23对灰飞虱具有较强的排驱性和抗生性,表明排驱性和抗生性是这3个品种的重要抗性类型;DV85具有较强的排驱性,但抗生性较弱,窄叶青8号和鬼衣谷具有中等水平的抗生性和排驱性,推测这3个材料具有较好的耐害特性。中抗材料9311的抗性水平由中等排驱性和抗生性控制,V20A的抗性主要表现为排驱性,明恢63和扬粳9538的排驱性和抗生性均较弱,暗示其抗性机制主要是耐害性。上述具有强抗生性或排驱性的材料是理想的抗灰飞虱资源。 相似文献
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水稻品种(组合)对褐飞虱抗性的田间表现 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在褐飞虱大发生的2007年单季稻期间,以TN1作为感虫对照,在浙江省金华市评价了48份水稻品种(组合)的田间成株期抗性表现。结果表明,16个品种(组合)表现为田间成株期感虫,其他32个品种(组合)具有中抗以上水平,其中丙04-123、Ⅱ优845、宜香845、中组14、嘉兴优04-1和IR36等品种(组合)达高抗水平。在持久抗性方面,除高抗品种外,秀水09、新嘉优99、嘉优22-5、秀优0969、宁04-81、丙04-103、丙04-08、丙04-123、R4101、丙04-132、丙05-129、丙05-227、浙粳23和浙粳22等品种(组合)具持抗性。试验表明,成株期田间褐飞虱抗性评价对生产实践具有更重要的意义。 相似文献
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