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为研究WRKY转录因子在小麦胚性愈伤组织形成中的功能,以小麦基因组信息和愈伤组织形成发育过程中的转录组数据为基础,利用生物信息学方法,在全基因组范围内进行小麦WRKY转录因子的鉴定,并对小麦胚性愈伤组织形成过程中TaWRKY基因的表达模式进行分析。结果表明,在全基因组范围内共鉴定到270个小麦WRKY转录因子（TaWRKY01~TaWRKY270）,根据WRKY保守结构域数量和锌指结构域类型可分为I、II、III三组,分别包含41、145和84个。在愈伤组织转录组文库中,鉴定到39个TaWRKY基因,其中27个与在全基因范围内鉴定到的TaWRKY基因相同,12个在小麦愈伤组织中特异表达。差异表达分析表明,11个TaWRKY基因差异表达,大部分在胚性愈伤组织培养3～15 d时下调表达,且在胚性愈伤组织中比同时期非胚性愈伤组织中表达量高,推测部分TaWRKY基因可能参与小麦胚性愈伤组织的形成。 相似文献
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Rooting traits of peanut genotypes with different yield responses to pre-flowering drought stress 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
N. Jongrungklang B. Toomsan N. Vorasoot S. Jogloy K.J. Boote G. Hoogenboom A. Patanothai 《Field Crops Research》2011
Water stress during the vegetative development normally is not detrimental and sometimes actually increases yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Root growth might play an important role in response to early season drought in peanut and might result in an increase in yield. Information on the response of root characters of diverse peanut genotypes to these conditions will provide useful information for explaining mechanisms and improving peanut genotypes for exploiting positive interaction for pod yield under pre-flowering drought. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the root dry weight and root length density of peanut genotypes with different yield responses to pre-flowering drought stress and their relationships with pod yield. Field experiments were conducted at the Field Crop Research Station of Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand during February to July 2007 and during February to July 2009. A split-plot experiment in a randomized complete block design was used. Two water management treatments were assigned as the main plots, i.e. field capacity and pre-flowering stress, and six peanut genotypes as the sub-plots. Total crop dry matter, root dry weight and root length density were recorded at 25 DAE, R5 and R7. Top dry weight and pod yield were measured at harvest and pod harvest index (PHI) was computed using the data on pod yield and biomass. Peanut genotypes were categorized into three groups based on their responses to drought for pod yield, e.g. increasing, decreasing and non-responsive groups. The genotypes of each group showed a differential response for root quantity and distribution. The increasing pod yield group had more root dry weight and root length density in the deeper soil layers during pre-flowering stress compared to the non-stress treatment. The non-responsive group showed no root response under pre-flowering drought conditions compared to the non-stress treatment. A larger root system alone without considering distribution may not contribute much to pod yield but a higher RLD at deeper layers may allow plants to mine more available water in the sub-soil. However, as yield is a complex trait, several mechanisms may be involved. The increasing pod yield group also had the ability to maintain a high PHI. 相似文献
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胚胎发生晚期丰富蛋白(LEA)是一类受发育阶段及脱水信号调节的脱水保护蛋白,在响应植物干旱、低温、高盐等逆境胁迫中具有重要功能。本研究在转录组数据分析时,发现3个LEA基因在花生干旱胁迫时大量上调表达。利用RACE技术以及生物信息学方法,发现这三个基因分别属于LEA2、LEA3以及LEA4。通过序列比对进行进化分析,结果表明其均与Arachis duranensis,A.ipaensis相关基因具有极高相似度,印证了栽培花生来源于Arachis duranensis和A.ipaensis的研究结果。通过表达分析发现,正常状态下这三个基因在花生根、茎、叶中均有表达;干旱胁迫状态下,花生根部的LEA基因大量表达,暗示其在花生抗旱机制中发挥重要作用。本研究结果可为筛选新的抗旱花生种质提供理论依据。 相似文献
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WRKY转录因子是植物转录调节因子的最大家族之一,并且是调节植物许多生物过程的信号网络的组成部分。WRKY转录因子通过其保守结构域与靶基因启动子区域的W-box特异性结合,调节靶基因的表达,进而调控植物的叶片衰老、种子萌发与休眠、开花等生长发育过程外,还参与调控植物生物和非生物胁迫的响应过程。本文用代表性植物基因组数据,对WRKY的基因演化作了归纳,综述了近二十年来国内外WRKY转录因子的相要研究进展,并介绍了该转录因子在植物生物胁迫和非生物胁迫应答及生长发育过程中的调控作用。 相似文献
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三唑酮提高花生幼苗抗旱性的效应 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在停止供水条件下,三唑系杀菌剂三唑酮(300ppm)喷施花生幼苗后,引起叶片气孔关闭,降低植物蒸腾失水量,提高了叶片相对含水量,改善了植物水分状况,提高了花生幼苗的抗旱性。三唑酮使植物矮化,光合能力增强,在大田应用很有潜力。 相似文献
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Peanut (Arachis Hypogeae L.) is commonly grown on sandy soil and in environments with intermittent rainfall, both of which can lead to soil water-deficit. Limited transpiration (LT) under elevated vapor pressure deficit (VPD) can result in water conservation, allowing sustained physiological activity later in the season during reproductive development. The objective of this study was to expand the number of progeny lines phenotyped for expression of the LT trait from the mating of Tifrunner (LT trait not expressed) × NC 3033 (LT trait expressed) to allow a preliminary examination of inheritance. Half of the 24 phenotyped lines expressed LT with their VPD threshold ranging from 2.16 to 3.38 kPa. Six of the 12 genotypes expressing LT had a threshold at 2.65 kPa or less, which is the range likely to be relevant in most peanut environments. These results, indicating epistatic inheritance, are supportive of LT expression in progeny lines at a reasonable frequency for relevant use in cultivar development for water-deficit conditions. 相似文献
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低温、高盐和干旱胁迫严重影响植物的生长和产量。本研究以花生品种花育33号为实验材料,根据cDNA文库中已知的蔗糖合成酶基因AhSuSy全长序列设计引物,通过RT—PCR克隆到该基因。通过荧光定量PCR分析了该基因在花生各组织中的表达及在低温、高盐等非生物胁迫下的表达。结果显示,该基因为组成型表达基因,在叶片和根中表达量较高,在花中表达量最低;AhSuSy基因在花生的叶片和根中对低温均没有明显响应,但在花生根中受高盐胁迫和干旱胁迫明显诱导,说明该基因可能参与了花生对高盐和干旱胁迫的适应性调控;AhSuSy在花生根中受ABA的明显诱导,说明该基因对花生非生物胁迫的调控可能是以依赖ABA的方式进行的。 相似文献
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Jiayan Liang Shaoying Guo Bo Sun Qing Liu Xionghui Chen Haifeng Peng Zemin Zhang Qingjun Xie 《Rice》2018,11(1):59
Leaf rolling is one of the most significant symptoms of drought stress in plant. Previously, we identified a dominant negative mutant, termed rolled and erect 1 (hereafter referred to rel1-D), regulating leaf rolling and erectness in rice. However, the role of REL1 in drought response is still poorly understood. Here, our results indicated that rel1-D displayed higher tolerance to drought relative to wild type, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and drought responsive genes were significantly up-regulated in rel1-D. Moreover, our results revealed that rel1-D was hypersensitive to ABA and the expression of ABA associated genes was significantly increased in rel1-D, suggesting that REL1 likely coordinates ABA to regulate drought response. Using the RNA-seq approach, we identified a large group of differentially expressed genes that regulate stimuli and stresses response. Consistently, we also found that constitutive expression of REL1 alters the expression of biotic and abiotic stress responsive genes by the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) analysis. Integrative analysis demonstrated that 8 genes/proteins identified by both RNA-seq and iTRAQ would be the potential targets in term of the REL1-mediated leaf morphology. Together, we proposed that leaf rolling and drought tolerance of rel1-D under normal condition might be caused by the endogenously perturbed homeostasis derived from continuous stressful dynamics. 相似文献
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Chae-In Na Adam M. Cook Diane L. Rowland David L. Wright Jerry M. Bennett Amanda Smith 《Journal of Crop Improvement》2018,32(3):353-372
Integrating bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flueggé) into peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production systems can improve soil structure, and increase peanut yield. A study was conducted in 2012 and 2013 in north Florida to evaluate practices for planting peanut into bahiagrass with three tillage methods i.e.; strip till (ST), ST and high residue cultivation (ST/HRC), and conventional (CT) tillage. Tillage times were 30 d before planting (DATE1) and at planting (DATE2). Peanut grown under CT outyielded ST/HRC (6940, 6580, and 6370 kg ha?1 for CT, ST, and ST/HRC, respectively), but there was no difference in economic return across treatments (adjusted revenue avg. = US $2478 ha?1). Tillage DATE2 increased total root length compared with DATE1, particularly for CT and ST. The ST/HRC had increased total root length below 30 cm for DATE1. When peanut was planted into bahiagrass, conservation tillage practices maintained adjusted revenue comparable with CT while providing environmental benefits. 相似文献
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《Field Crops Research》2005,91(2-3):297-306
Stability of parameters describing crop growth of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is important because of the diversity of climatic conditions in which peanuts are grown and is valuable when developing simulation models for this species. In contrast, variability in the same parameters is desirable for plant breeders working to develop improved cultivars. This study seeks to quantify key parameters for biomass and yield production of some common peanut cultivars at three sites in Texas. We measured leaf area index (LAI), light extinction coefficient (k) for Beer's law, and harvest index (HI) for four cultivars at Stephenville, TX and one cultivar near Gustine, TX, and for LAI and biomass on four cultivars at Seminole, TX. Mean radiation use efficiency (RUE) values were 1.98 g MJ−1 at Stephenville, 1.92 at Gustine, and 2.02 at Seminole. Highest RUE values were for the Low-Energy Precise Application (LEPA) irrigation treatment at Seminole. Maximum LAI values ranged from 5.6 to 7.0 at Stephenville, from 5.0 to 6.2 at Seminole, and was 5.3 at Gustine. Mean k values ranged from 0.60 to 0.64 at Stephenville and was 0.77 at Gustine. The overall mean HI was 0.36, with a mean of 0.33 for Stephenville, 0.44 for Gustine, 0.53 for spray irrigation at Seminole, and 0.58 for LEPA irrigation at Seminole. Values of RUE, k, and HI for the cultivars in this study and similarities between this study and values reported in the literature will aid modelers simulating peanut development and yield and aid breeders in identifying key traits critical to peanut grain yield improvement. 相似文献
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干旱胁迫下冠菌素对花生幼苗叶片渗透调节物质及膜脂过氧化的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以鲁花11号花生（Arachis hypogaeaL．）种子为试验材料,在温室条件下研究不同浓度的冠菌素浸种,对干旱胁迫下花生幼苗叶片渗透调节物质及膜脂过氧化的影响。结果表明：干旱胁迫下,冠菌素可提高花生幼苗叶片主要渗透调节物质一可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质和游离脯氨酸的含量,且随着胁迫时间的延长,增幅加大;花生幼苗叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量明显减少。冠菌素浸种浓度以0．01μmol／L的抗旱效果最好。研究表明冠菌素对提高花生幼苗的抗旱性具有积极作用。 相似文献
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Hetty C. van den Broeck Ludovicus J.W.J. Gilissen Marinus J.M. Smulders Ingrid M. van der Meer Rob J. Hamer 《Journal of Cereal Science》2011,53(2):206-216
Celiac disease is a T-cell mediated immune response in the small intestine of genetically susceptible individuals caused by ingested gluten proteins from wheat, rye, and barley. In the allohexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), gluten proteins are encoded by multigene loci present on the homoeologous chromosomes 1 and 6 of the three homoeologous genomes A, B, and D. The effect of deleting individual gluten loci was analyzed in a set of deletion lines of T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring with regard to the level of T-cell stimulatory epitopes (Glia-α9 and Glia-α20) and to technological properties of the dough including mixing, stress relaxation, and extensibility. 相似文献
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野生花生高油基因资源的发掘与鉴定 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以花生属22个近缘野生物种87份种质为材料,系统鉴定和分析野生花生种子含油量。结果表明,野生花生中存在丰富的高油资源,其含油量最低值、最高值和平均值均高于栽培种花生资源的对应值。发掘出高油种质(含油量≥58%)12份,其中Arachis appressipila是目前所发现的花生资源中含量最高的种质,含油量达62.90%。不同物种以及同一物种不同资源的含油量差异很大,如A.appressipila的10-2含油量62.90%,11-7的含油量为55.92%。A.appressipila、A.macedoi和Arachissp的平均含油量较高,分别为57.54%,57.64%和57.68%。通过SSR分析表明,在所获得的高油野生花生材料中,四倍体野生种A.monticola与栽培种花生的亲缘关系最近,其次为花生区组的二倍体野生种A.villosa。根据SSR扩增结果,绘制了高油野生花生材料的指纹图谱。 相似文献