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六枝特区五种畜禽寄生虫感染情况初步调查 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
剖检猪、犬、鸡、鸭、鹅各20头（只）。收集体内外寄生虫，经形态学鉴定，检出寄生虫12种，隶属于4纲7目8科12属。其中吸虫2种、绦虫4种、线虫5种、蜘蛛昆虫1种。按寄生宿主分类，猪有5种、犬有5种、鸡有1种、鸭有2种、鹅有2种。同时采取猪血清141份，经平板凝集试验（HA）检出猪囊尾蚴阳性率为2.16％；间接血凝试验（IHA）检出弓形虫阳性率为59.57％。对猪、鸡、鸭、鹅共1034头（只）进行了粪便检查。 相似文献
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重庆市畜禽寄生虫区系调查(一) 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
根据重庆市的地理及养殖业因素，采取集中和专项调查方式，对重庆市主要畜禽进行寄生虫区系调查。共剖检9种畜禽2113头（只），并对40个中小型鸡场约8000只鸡、20个养兔场约3000只兔、鸭和鹅各2000余只、种猪300余头、散养山羊400余只进行粪便调查，对收集的虫体标本进行鉴定。共发现寄生虫237种，其中吸虫61种、绦虫41种、线虫56种、棘头虫3种、蜘蛛昆虫35种、原虫41种。它们隶属于5门9纲21目68科116属；寄生于猪的寄生虫有23种、牛59种、羊52种、兔19种、犬7种、马4种、鸡53种、鸭66种和鹅12种。 相似文献
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为摸清江津市牛、羊寄生虫的感染情况，按寄生虫完全剖检法和粪便检查法进行寄生虫区系调查，共剖检12只水牛、12只黄牛、40只山羊。结果：检出牛感染的寄生虫28种，隶属3门5纲7目16科21属，其中吸虫12种，绦虫2种，线虫9种，蜘蛛昆虫5种；羊感染的寄生虫30种，隶属4门6纲8目17科21属，其中吸虫8种，绦虫3种，线虫8种，蜘蛛昆虫5种，原虫6种。对牛危害严重的寄生虫是肝片形吸虫、菲策吸虫、鹿前盘吸虫、捻转血矛线虫、蛇形毛形线虫、水牛痒螨；羊的优势虫种为肝片形吸虫、枝睾阔盘吸虫、鹿前后盘吸虫、细颈囊尾蚴、捻转血矛线虫、蛇形毛形线虫、阿氏艾美耳球虫、克氏艾美耳球虫、柯雅艾美耳球虫。 相似文献
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为了掌握三穗县本地种鸭的寄生虫感染等情况，从该县八弓、滚马、台烈、长吉等9个乡镇购入成年鸭270只，按蠕虫学完全剖检法，收集各器官组织的虫体，共检获53个虫种，其中吸虫21种，绦虫17种，线虫9种、棘头虫3种，蜘蛛昆虫3种。分别隶属于5纲10目19科37属。 相似文献
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通过对我州9个县(市)山羊寄生虫感染种类调查,随机剖检不同自然环境饲养的山羊258只,按蠕虫学完全解剖法收集各脏器全部虫体,形态学鉴定,检出虫体68种,其中吸虫30种,绦虫5种,线虫27种,蜘蛛昆虫6种,分别隶属于5纲8目20科29属.为指导山羊寄生虫病防治具有重要意义. 相似文献
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寄生虫病会导致鸡体弱,消瘦,生长发育缓慢,产蛋量下降,贫血甚至死亡.笔者对阿城市亚沟、小岭、玉泉3镇的30只散养鸡进行鸡寄生虫区系调查,结果在阿城市鸡体内外共检出各类寄生虫7种,其中线虫3种,吸虫1种,绦虫1种,原虫1种,蜘蛛昆虫1种,隶属于3门4纲7科7属.这些虫体种类在阿城市鸡中流行广泛,感染率高,致病性强,是阿城市鸡的主要致病种. 相似文献
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通过对全区５县不同区域和海拔高度的１４１只鸭解剖，检出寄生虫２４种。其中吸虫８种、绦虫９种、线虫４种、棘头虫１种、昆虫２种、分别隶属于５纲８目１３科１９属。有６种省内较少报道。 相似文献
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黔江区畜禽寄生虫区系调查 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对重庆黔江区14个乡镇调查点进行畜禽寄生虫区系调查,共剖检动物162头(只),收集虫体70588条。对所收集的虫体按寄生虫形态特征进行分类鉴定,本次调查共发现7种动物的寄生虫133种,寄生于猪的有13种、牛43种、羊34种、鸡29种、鸭34种、兔2种、犬7种,其中吸虫48种、绦虫24种、线虫42种、棘头虫1种、蜘蛛昆虫17种、原虫1种,隶属于5门、7纲、16目、54科、84属。寄生虫的平均感染率为89.51%,调查结果表明,黔江区畜禽的寄生虫感染较为严重,且为多种寄生虫混合感染。 相似文献
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The prevalence of Salmonella in fresh pork cuttings in Denmark in the years 2002 and 2006 was investigated at retail and compared with the retail supply pattern. A total of 1025 and 3473 samples were taken in 2002 from butcher's shops and supermarkets, respectively. The corresponding numbers in 2006 were 259 from butchers' shops and 628 from supermarkets. In 2002, 1.2% of all samples were positive for Salmonella; butchers' shops and supermarkets had 1.8% and 1.0% positive samples, respectively. The overall prevalence in 2006 was 4.2%, with prevalence of 8.1% and 2.6% for butchers' shops and supermarkets, respectively. Hence, increases around 3- to 5-fold were found. There was neither observed any parallel increase in Salmonella positive carcasses in Danish slaughterhouses during the study period, nor were any changes in supply routes towards slaughterhouses with higher prevalence observed, which could explain the apparent increase. We hypothesize that hygiene levels and ability to avoid cross-contamination and prevent growth of the organism, in the meat processing chain after slaughter were the most likely responsible factors. Results from this study indicate that the hygiene performance, particularly at retail, has a significant impact on the occurrence of Salmonella. This implies that there is no direct link between slaughterhouse Salmonella surveillance data and the level of Salmonella contamination at retail. To improve risk assessment of Salmonella in fresh pork meat, this study underlines the need for comprehensive retail data. 相似文献
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Helminth and protozoan parasites in dogs and cats in Belgium 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This study investigates the level of helminthic and protozoal infestation over the last 10 years in strays, well-cared-for dogs and cats. Determination of the prevalence of infections was based either on faecal examination or on worm counts at necropsy. Of 2324 faecal flotations (NaCl sp.gr. 1.20) of stray dogs, 34.2% had eggs or proglottids of one or more worm species consisting of Toxocara canis (17.4%), Toxascaris leonina (10.1%), Uncinaria stenocephala (11.4%), Trichuris vulpis (7.0%) and cestodes (2.1%). Isospora oocysts were observed in 5.2% of the dogs. The data on the distribution of the various worm species in the positive dogs indicate that T. canis eggs were by far the most common (50.9%). Necropsy data from 212 infected dogs indicate that 38.9% were infected with T. canis and 33.7% with T. leonina. The overall prevalence of worm infestation of 246 well-cared-for kennel dogs, based on worm egg counts by the McMaster technique, was 36.1%. Of 30 feline faecal samples examined by flotation, 83.3% were positive for parasites, including Toxocara cati (60%), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (36.6%), Taenia (Hydatigera) taeniaeformis (20%) and coccidia (30%). Toxocara cati was the most frequently found worm species at the necropsy of 25 cats (52%). Toxoplasma was not observed. 相似文献
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Yong Wu Na-Jiao Zhao Yan Cao Zhuo Sun Qin Wang Zhao-Ying Liu Zhi-Liang Sun 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):208-214
Sanguinarine (SA) is a benzo[c] phenanthridine alkaloid which has a variety of pharmacological properties. However, very little was known about the pharmacokinetics of SA and its metabolite dihydrosanguinarine (DHSA) in pigs. The purpose of this work was to study the intestinal metabolism of SA in vitro and in vivo. Reductive metabolite DHSA was detected during incubation of SA with intestinal mucosa microsomes, cytosol, and gut flora. After oral (p.o.) administration of SA, the result showed SA might be reduced to DHSA in pig intestine. After i.m. administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their peak concentrations (Cmax, 30.16 ± 5.85, 5.61 ± 0.73 ng/ml, respectively) at 0.25 hr. Both compounds were completely eliminated from the plasma after 24 hr. After single oral administration, SA and DHSA rapidly increased to reach their Cmax (3.41 ± 0.36, 2.41 ± 0.24 ng/ml, respectively) at 2.75 ± 0.27 hr. The half-life (T1/2) values were 2.33 ± 0.11 hr and 2.20 ± 0.12 hr for SA and DHSA, respectively. After multiple oral administration, the average steady-state concentrations (Css) of SA and DHSA were 3.03 ± 0.39 and 1.42 ± 0.20 ng/ml. The accumulation indexes for SA and DHSA were 1.21 and 1.11. The work reported here provides important information on the metabolism sites and pharmacokinetic character of SA. It explains the reasons for low toxicity of SA, which is useful for the evaluation of its performance. 相似文献
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Chlortetracycline in swine-bioavailability and pharmacokinetics in fasted and fed pigs 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
C. R. KILROY W. F. HALL D. P. BANE R. F. BEVILL G. D. KORITZ 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1990,13(1):49-58
Chlortetracycline hydrochloride was administered intra-arterially (11 mg/kg) and as an oral drench (33 mg/kg) to ten 21.0-31.5-kg pigs. Five of the pigs were fasted 18 h prior to dosing and five of the pigs were fed ad libitum prior to dosing. The mean volume of distribution determined by area-under-the-curve calculations for the fasted pigs (0.967 +/- 0.210 l/kg) was significantly less (P less than 0.05) than the mean volume of distribution for the fed pigs (1.39 +/- 0.31 l/kg). Mean total body clearance of the drug was also significantly less (P less than 0.05) in the fasted pigs (0.165 +/- 0.055 l/kg/h) as compared to the fed pigs (0.307 +/- 0.053 l/kg/h). The elimination constants (beta) were not found to be statistically different (P less than 0.05): 0.1811 +/- 0.0057 for the fasted pigs; 0.2260 +/- 0.0461 for the fed pigs. The bioavailability for both groups was similar; 19.12 +/- 8.3% for the fasted pigs and 17.88 +/- 5.3% for the fed pigs. In a second experiment three groups of six pigs which weighed 34.5-44.1 kg were fed a corn-soy diet ad libitum. The rations were fortified with chlortetracycline at 100, 400 or 1000 mg chlortetracycline hydrochloride/kg feed. Chlortetracycline concentrations were determined in plasma samples collected over a 6-day period. Plasma chlortetracycline concentrations reach a plateau within 24 h after initial access to the trial diets and were highly correlated with the dose of the drug consumed (r2 = 0.97). 相似文献
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2005年如果没有年底的禽流感疫情,对于我国蛋鸡、肉鸡生产来说应该是一个非常完美的丰收年,是哪些因素导致了2005年蛋鸡市场如此好的行情?2006年我国家禽市场又将走向何方?……作者对以上热点问题进行了深入分析研究,供读者参考。 相似文献
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b. bengtsson s-o. jacobsson j. luthman & a. franklin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》1997,20(4):258-261
Concentrations of penicillin-G in serum were determined after single intravenous doses of potassium penicillin-G (10 mg/kg body wt) to ewes and cows in late pregnancy and in early lactation. Penicillin-G in serum was analysed by a microbiological method and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by model-independent methods. Serum concentrations were lower in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. The differences were statistically significant at most sampling times in ewes but only during the first hour in cows.
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
Weight corrected values of clearance and volume of distribution were significantly higher in early lactation than in late pregnancy in both ewes and cows. Mean residence time and elimination-half life were shorter in lactating than in pregnant ewes, however for the latter parameter the difference was not statistically significant. Neither of these parameters changed in cows.
It is concluded that in both ewes and cows pharmacokinetic parameters of penicillin-G are altered from late pregnancy to early lactation but that these changes have little practical impact and do not call for a revised dosage regime of the studied drug. 相似文献
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Siamudaala VM Bwalya JM Munang'andu HM Munag'andu HM Sinyangwe PG Banda F Mweene AS Takada A Kida H 《The Japanese journal of veterinary research》2006,54(1):15-23
Anthrax is endemic in Western and North-western Provinces of Zambia. The disease occurs throughout the year and impacts negatively on the economy of the livestock industry and public health in Zambia. During 1989-1995, there were 1626 suspected cases of anthrax in cattle in Western province and of these 51 were confirmed. There were 220 cases of human anthrax cases in 1990 alone and 248 cases during 1991-1998 with 19.1% and 7.7% case fatality rates, respectively. Interplay of the ecology of affected areas and anthropogenic factors seem to trigger anthrax epidemics. Anthrax has drawn considerable attention in recent years due to its potential use as a biological weapon. In this paper, the history, current status and approaches towards the control of the disease in Zambia are discussed. Quarantine measures restrict trade of livestock and exchange of animals for draught power resulting in poor food security at household levels. Challenges of anthrax control are complex and comprise of socio-political, economical, environmental and cultural factors. Inadequate funding, lack of innovative disease control strategies and lack of cooperation from stakeholders are the major constraints to the control of the disease. It is hoped that the information provided here will stimulate continued awareness for the veterinary and medical authorities to maintain their surveillance and capabilities against the disease. This may lead to a culminating positive impact on livestock and human health in the southern African region. 相似文献