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寒地超级稻SS酶、ADPG焦磷酸化酶及光合特性与灌浆速率关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试验对黑龙江省寒地超级稻品种松粳9号的蔗糖合成酶、ADPG焦磷酸化酶、光合特性及其与灌浆速率的关系进行了研究。结果表明:籽粒ADPG焦磷酸化酶活性、蔗糖合成酶活性与灌浆速率极显著正相关,功能叶蔗糖合成酶活性和RuBP羧化酶活性、净光合速率与灌浆速率分别呈显著正相关和极显著正相关,高产寒地超级稻品种松粳9号的酶活性与净光合速率均高于常规品种松粳6号,且差异达极显著水平。将蔗糖合成酶和ADPG焦磷酸化酶、RuBP羧化酶活性、净光合速率的高低作为超级稻品种选育的生理指标是可行的。 相似文献
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试验以超级稻品种松粳9号和常规稻品种松粳6号为试验材料,研究了寒地粳稻不同群体条件下干物质积累规律,探讨了插秧密度对干物质积累以及产量形成的影响。结果表明:在一定的插秧密度范围内,松粳6号和松粳9号群体干物重、茎鞘物质输出率和茎鞘物质运转率随密度的增加而增加,但是,当群体密度过大时反而降低。收获指数与抽穗期的稻穗干重和成熟期的整体干重呈显著正相关,与成熟期的稻穗干重呈极显著正相关;茎鞘物质输出率与成熟期稻草干重和稻穗干重呈显著正相关,与成熟期整株干重呈极显著正相关;茎鞘物质运转率与成熟期稻穗干重和整株干重分别呈显著和极显著正相关。在黑龙江省第一积温带地区,松粳6号和超级稻松粳9号的最适插秧密度分别为30cm×13.3cm和30cm×16.7cm。 相似文献
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寒地超级稻抗衰老指标与穗部农艺性状及产量的关系研究 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
本试验对黑龙江省寒地超级稻品种松粳9号的过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、叶绿素含量的变化及其与穗部农艺性状和产量的关系进行了研究.结果表明:过氧化物酶活性、过氧化氢酶活性(除齐穗后7d,14d )在齐穗后松粳9号高于松粳6号,两品种差异显著或极显著.丙二醛含量在齐穗后呈升高趋势,松粳9号低于松粳6号,叶绿素含量在齐穗后呈下降趋势,松粳9号高于松粳6号,两品种差异显著或极显著.松粳9号穗部农艺性状优于松粳6号.产量高于松粳6号且差异极显著.POD活性、CAT活性(除齐穗后7d、14d外)、叶绿素含量在齐穗后与穗数/m2,粒数/穗及产量呈显著或极显著正相关,MDA含量与德数/m2,粒数/穗及产量呈显著或极显著负相关,即CAT活性和POD活性及叶绿素含量越商,MDA含量越低越有利于延缓水稻早衰,越有利于产量的形成. 相似文献
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以寒地超级稻品种松粳9号和常规品种松粳6号(对照)为试材,通过密度处理构建不同稻作群体,研究了不同群体条件下超级稻与常规稻抽穗期冠层特性差异以及相互关系。结果表明,随着密度的增加,两品种产量也增加,但是过密条件下产量有所降低。高产群体抽穗期的冠层特征为:主茎具有较大的功能叶叶面积,冠层的透光率协调分布并具有相对较低的消光系数,群体内部上下分布均匀又趋于"头轻脚轻中间强"型的冠层叶面积密度。 相似文献
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选用寒地粳稻穗数型高产品种松粳6号和穗重型超级稻品种松粳9号,通过盆栽试验研究氮不同蘖穗肥比例对水稻灌浆过程中籽粒与剑叶蔗糖代谢相关酶活性及稻米品质性状影响。结果表明,减少分蘖肥施氮量增加穗肥施氮量极显著提高水稻叶片和籽粒蔗糖合成酶(Su S)和蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性,但蔗糖酸性转化酶(AI)活性受施氮方式影响不显著;籽粒和叶片蔗糖含量因酶活性增加而增加;穗数型品种松粳6号各淀粉含量随穗肥施氮量增加呈先升后降趋势,穗重型品种松粳9号则随穗肥施氮量增加而下降;不同类型品种对蘖穗肥比例反应不同,穗数型品种松粳6号20%N+30%N蘖穗氮肥处理稻米品质最好,穗重型品种松粳9号40%N+10%N蘖穗氮肥处理稻米品质最好。 相似文献
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磷钾肥对饲用稻产量和蛋白质含量的影响及其机理研究 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
采用盆栽试验和生化分析等方法研究了磷肥 (过磷酸钙 )和钾肥 (氯化钾 )对饲用杂交稻威优 5 6产量和蛋白质含量的影响及其机理。结果表明 ,增施磷肥和钾肥能提高叶片的磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶 (PEPC)、谷氨酰胺合成酶 (GS)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶 (SPS) ,以及籽粒的蔗糖合成酶 (SS)、腺苷二磷酸葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶 (ADPGP)和GS的活性 ;增加叶片叶绿素含量 ,籽粒的可溶性糖和淀粉含量以及叶片和籽粒的蛋白氮及全氮含量 ,而降低叶片的可溶性糖含量 ;从而提高糙米蛋白质含量、生物产量、籽粒产量和收获指数。但过量磷肥轻微降低叶片SPS和籽粒的ADPGP活性 相似文献
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Effects and mechanisms of P and K nutrients on yield and protein content of Weiyou 56, a fodder hybrid rice combination, were studied through pot experiment and biochemical analysis. The results showed that the increase of P and K nutrients enhanced the activities of PEP carboxylase (PEPC), glutamine synthase (GS) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) in leaves, sucrose synthase (SS), ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADPGP) and GS in grains, and the chlorophyll content in leaves, soluble sugar and starch content in grains,protein N and total N content in leaves and grains. Howerer, they decreased soluble sugar content in leaves and led to an increase of protein content in brown rice, biomass, grain yield and harvest index. Excessive P nutrients slightly reduced SPS and ADPG activity in leaves and grains respectively. 相似文献
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Improving grain appearance of erect-panicle japonica rice cultivars by introgression of the null gs9 allele 
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下载免费PDF全文 Dong-sheng ZHAO Jin-yu LIU Ai-qiu DING Tao ZHANG Xin-yu REN Lin ZHANG Qian-feng LI Xiao-lei FAN Chang-quan ZHANG Qiao-quan LIU 《农业科学学报》2021,20(8):2032-2042
The panicle architecture and grain size of rice affect not only grain yield but also grain quality, especially grain appearance. The erect-panicle(EP) trait controlled by the qpe9-1/dep1 allele has been widely used in high-yielding japonica rice breeding, but usually accompanied with moderate appearance of milled rice. The null gs9 allele shows a good potential for improving grain shape and appearance. However, GS9 and qPE9-1/DEP1 loci are tightly linked, and their interaction is unclear, which obviously restricts their utilization in modern rice breeding. In the present study, comparative analyses of protein and mRNA levels revealed that GS9 and qPE9-1 function independently. Three nearisogenic lines(NILs) carrying various allelic combinations of these two loci, NIL(gs9/qpe9-1), NIL(GS9/qPE9-1) and NIL(gs9/q PE9-1), in the EP japonica cultivar 2661(GS9/qpe9-1) background were developed for genetic interaction analysis. GS9 and qPE9-1 had additive effects on determining grain size, and the null gs9 allele could decrease grain chalkiness and improve grain appearance without affecting plant and panicle architecture in EP japonica cultivars. Additionally, introgression lines(ILs) developed in another released EP japonica cultivar Wuyujing 27(WYJ27) background showed the same additive effect and the feasibility of utilizing the gs9 allele to improve grain appearance quality in high-yielding EP cultivars. This study provides an effective strategy for rice breeders to improve rice grain appearance in EP japonica and related cultivars. 相似文献
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《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2020,(2)
The aims were to investigate the effect of salt stress on key enzyme activity of nitrogen metabolism and the concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen response to salt stress.Two rice cultivars,Mudanjiang 30 (sensitive cultivar) and Longdao 5 (salt-tolerant cultivar),were treated with different salt concentrations (CK 0%,S1 0.075%,S2 0.15%,S3 0.225% and S4 0.3%).The results showed that the activities of nitrate reductase (NR),glutamine synthase (GS),glutamate synthase (GOGAT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the functional leaves and roots of rice in cold region presented a single peak curve change and the peak occurred in the heading stage;compared with those of the CK,the activities of NR,GS and GOGAT of rice in cold region decreased,but the activity of GDH increased in the heading stage under salt stress.The variation for key enzyme activity of nitrogen metabolism was the highest under S4 treatment.The activities of NR,GS and GOGAT in the functional leaves significantly decreased compared with those in roots;the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in the functional leaves and roots of rice in cold region presented a single peak curve change and the peak occurred in the heading stage;compared with that of the CK,the concentration of nitrate nitrogen decreased in leaves and roots,the concentration of ammonium nitrogen decreased and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in roots increased under salt stress.The variations for the activities of NR,GS and GOGAT in the functional leaves and roots of Longdao 5 were less than those of Mudanjiang 30 under the same concentration of salt stress. 相似文献
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氮素用量对水稻籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及产量的影响 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
以东农423、东农425、松粳6号和松粳9号4个水稻品种为试验材料,研究了不同氮素处理对水稻籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及产量的影响。结果表明,籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性在抽穗后呈下降趋势,适量施氮对谷氨酰胺合成酶活性有明显的促进作用;对4个品种来说,东农425和松粳9号以N150处理下有较高的酶活性,东农423和松粳6号则以N100处理为最佳;在一定范围内,籽粒产量随施氮量的增加而增加,对东农423、东农425和松粳6号而言,N150是保证高产最佳施肥量;松粳9号以N200处理为最佳。籽粒谷氨酰胺合成酶活性与籽粒产量呈正相关关系,其中抽穗后7,35d酶活性与产量呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
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选用寒地穗重型超级稻品种松粳9号、穗数型高产品种龙稻11号与优质品种龙稻18号为试验材料,盆栽条件下通过灌浆成熟期喷施硫酸镁和齐穗期增施氮肥处理及对照处理,系统比较根外喷施硫酸镁对水稻淀粉品质性状、叶片碳氮代谢相关酶活性和基因转录表达量及根系活力变化等的影响。结果表明,灌浆成熟期喷施硫酸镁显著降低稻米蛋白质含量,提高稻米蒸煮食味品质,而齐穗期增施氮肥处理使稻米蛋白质含量提高而降低蒸煮食味品质,硫酸镁处理通过降低稻米蛋白质含量提高稻米黏性和食味品质;灌浆成熟期喷施硫酸镁或齐穗期增施氮肥均显著提高灌浆成熟期叶片全氮含量和叶绿素含量以及灌浆各时期叶片Rubisco亚基基因转录表达量,增强水稻根系活力,促进根系氮素吸收,调控灌浆不同时期叶片和籽粒GS活性,但喷施硫酸镁效果显著优于增施氮肥;叶片全氮含量与GS活性间呈极显著负相关,与叶绿素含量、伤流液含氮化合物总量及Rubisco各亚基基因mRNA表达量呈极显著正相关。减氮同时在灌浆成熟期根外喷施硫酸镁是提高水稻产量和蒸煮食味品质的有效途径,研究为阐明根外喷施硫酸镁对水稻淀粉品质形成的影响和提高优质绿色水稻栽培技术水平提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为了研究水稻食味品质与氮代谢相关酶之间的关系,以津川1号和津原45稻种为试材,进行种子萌发获得水稻幼苗,分别测定幼苗和种子中的可溶性蛋白和谷氨酸的含量及谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)和谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)的活性.结果表明,不同食味水稻品种之间幼苗和种子中的GOT、GPT活性和可溶性蛋白含量均无显著差异,而同一品种幼苗内的可溶性蛋白和谷氨酸的含量及GOT、GPT、GDH活性均显著高于种子;谷氨酸含量与GS/GDH的比值呈显著正相关,并与水稻食味品质呈正相关,其中津川1号幼苗的GS/GDH比值显著高于津原45,其谷氨酸含量显著高于津原45;不同食味水稻品种的硝酸还原酶活性不同. 相似文献
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不同形态氮素对大豆硝酸还原酶和谷氨酰胺合成酶活性及蛋白质含量的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用硝态氮(NO3--N)、铵态氮(NH4+-N)和混合态氮对3个栽培大豆品种花荚期植株进行诱导处理,研究不同形态氮素对功能叶片硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性以及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响。结果表明,NH4+-N增加3个大豆品种功能叶片NR活性效果最好,其次是混合态氮,NO3--N效果较差;三种形态的氮素均能明显提高3个大豆品种功能叶片GS活性;在三种形态氮素诱导下,3个大豆品种的籽粒蛋白质含量均有不同程度的提高,且与其功能叶片NR和GS活性呈显著正相关(r=0.520*和0.550*);追施氮素对低蛋白大豆品种功能叶片NR、GS活性和籽粒蛋白质含量具有较好的促进作用。可以把大豆花荚期叶片NR和GS的活性作为高蛋白品种选育的参考指标之一。 相似文献
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Changes in bacterial community and abundance of functional genes in paddy soil with cry1Ab transgenic rice 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 A field experiment involving cry1Ab transgenic rice(GM) and its parental non-cry1Ab rice(M) has been on-going since 2014. The diversity of the bacterial communities and the abundance of the microbial functional genes which drive the conversion of nitrogen in paddy soil were analyzed during the growth period of rice in the fifth year of the experiment, using 16 S rRNAbased Illumina Mi Seq and real-time PCR on the amoA, nirS and nirK genes. The results showed no differences in the alpha diversity indexes of the bacterial communities, including Chao1, Shannon and Simpson, between the fields cultivated with line GM and cultivar M at any of the growth stages of rice. However, the bacterial communities in the paddy soil with line GM were separated from those of paddy soil with cultivar M at each of the growth stages of rice, based on the unweighted Uni Frac NMDS or PCoA. In addition, the analyses of ADONIS and ANOSIM, based on the unweighted Uni Frac distance, indicated that the above separations between line GM and cultivar M were statistically significant(P0.05) during the growth season of rice. The increases in the relative abundances of Acidobacteria or Bacteroidetes, in the paddy soils with line GM or cultivar M, respectively, led to the differences in the bacterial communities between them. At the same time, functional gene prediction based on Illumina Mi Seq data suggested that the abundance of many functional genes increased in the paddy soil with line GM at the maturity stage of rice, such as genes related to the metabolism of starch, amino acids and nitrogen. Otherwise, the copies of bacterial amo A gene, archaeal amo A gene and denitrifying bacterial nir K gene significantly increased(P0.05 or 0.01) in the paddy soil with line GM. In summary, the release of cry1Ab transgenic rice had effects on either the composition of bacterial communities or the abundance of microbial functional genes in the paddy soil. 相似文献
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氮素用量对寒地水稻氮代谢关键酶活性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本试验以寒地水稻松粳6号和松粳9号为材料,研究了氮素用量对寒地水稻功能叶片氮代谢关键酶活性的影响。研究结果表明:寒地水稻功能叶片NR、GS活性在整个生育期均呈单峰曲线变化,峰值均出现在抽穗期,氮素用量对功能叶片NR、GS活性的影响因品种和时期而异;寒地水稻功能叶片RuBP羧化酶活性从齐穗后呈下降趋势,并且随施氮量的增加而提高;不同生育时期NR、GS、RuBP羧化酶活性与产量及产量构成因子相关关系和相关程度不一致;在一定范围内,水稻产量随着氮量增加而增加,氮素用量与产量间呈一元二次曲线关系。 相似文献