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1.
为了解油茶(Camellia oleifera)扦插生根过程中营养物质含量的动态变化及其与插穗生根的关系,以清水为对照,用IBA、ABT6、NAA生根粉处理插穗,并对油茶嫩枝扦插生根过程中部分营养指标的含量进行了测定.结果表明:外源生长激素提高了插穗生根率,改善了生根性状,其中以IBA处理为最优;处理组与对照插穗的可溶性总糖质量分数、淀粉质量分数随时间变化趋势一致,均呈"下降—升高—下降"趋势,处理组出现的峰值均比对照早且高;总氮质量比变化呈"升高—下降—升高"趋势,处理组全氮含量在根的表达期均低于对照,但生根率均高于对照; C/N值呈现"下降—升高—下降"变化趋势,处理组C/N值变化曲线的峰值显著高于对照,C/N值越高的处理,其生根率越高. 相似文献
2.
《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2020,(4)
【目的】研究麻楝扦插生根进程中形态、内源激素和营养物质含量的变化,揭示麻楝插穗内源激素和营养物质含量对其扦插生根的影响。【方法】以麻楝6个月生半木质化枝条为材料进行扦插,在扦插后每隔10 d取一次样,记录插穗生根情况,及测定基部内源激素和营养物质含量。【结果】观测证实麻楝嫩枝插穗生根类型主要为皮部生根型,少量为愈伤组织生根型和中间生根型;其生根进程大致分为3个时期:皮孔萌动根原基诱导期(0～20 d)、不定根表达发生期(20～40 d)和不定根伸长发育期(40 d以后)。外源激素处理组麻楝插穗生根进程研究发现,内源激素IAA含量、IAA/ABA值、IAA/ZR值呈"上升-下降-上升"的变化趋势,ABA含量呈"上升-下降"趋势,GA和ZR含量的变化相似,均为"上升-下降-上升-下降"。营养物质含量变化研究中,处理组可溶性糖与淀粉含量均呈"下降-上升-下降"的变化趋势,可溶性蛋白含量变化表现为先下降而后缓慢上升。【结论】麻楝插穗生根过程中,外源激素IBA的施用可在一定程度上提高插穗内源激素IAA、GA、ZR的含量及IAA/ABA、IAA/ZR的比值,降低ABA的含量。较高浓度的IAA和较为稳定的低浓度ZR有利于插穗不定根的发生;低浓度的ABA有利于不定根的形成与伸长;同时较低水平的IAA和GA对插穗根系伸长生长有益。较高比值的IAA/ZR和IAA/ABA有利于麻楝嫩枝插穗生根。外源激素处理加快了麻楝插穗内各营养物质的代谢进程,对插穗生根有利;各处理可溶性糖和淀粉含量显著高于可溶性蛋白含量,变化幅度也较可溶性蛋白含量大,与麻楝插穗生根的联系更为紧密。 相似文献
3.
绿竹侧枝扦插生根机理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了探明生长素处理对绿竹Dendrocalamopsis oldhami扦插苗生根机理的影响,为绿竹扦插育苗提供理论依据,以2年生绿竹粗壮侧枝为实验材料,采用600 mg·L~(-1)的ABT1号先处理5 min,以黄泥土:泥炭土(1:1)为扦插基质,进行扦插试验,研究绿竹插条生根特性和生根过程中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量和相关抗氧化酶活性变化。结果表明:600 mg·L~(-1)的ABT1号处理对扦插生根具有影响,处理后的插条生根率可达57.25%;绿竹扦插生根属于潜伏不定根原基生根型,具体过程分为根的诱导时期(0~14 d)、表达时期(14~21 d)和伸长时期(21~35 d)3个阶段;在扦插生根过程中,可溶性糖含量变化呈下降-上升-下降趋势,可溶性蛋白含量变化呈上升-下降-上升趋势;在不定根诱导期(0~14 d),过氧化物酶(POD),吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO),多酚氧化酶(PPO)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈上升趋势;在表达期(14~21 d),POD和PPO活性下降,IAAO活性上升,SOD活性保持稳定;在伸长期(21~35 d),IAAO和PPO活性下降,POD活性先上升后下降,SOD活性略上升。 相似文献
4.
以红锥嫩枝插穗为材料,用清水处理,研究红锥插穗扦插生根过程中插穗基部韧皮部的4种内源激素含量的变化。结果表明:在插穗生根过程中,插穗基部韧皮部的IAA含量在扦插过程中呈现出先升高、后降低、再升高的变化趋势;ABA、ZR、GA3等激素含量在扦插过程中基本呈现出先降低、后升高、再降低的变化趋势。判别生根难易的IAA/ABA比值呈现出先上升、后下降、再上升的变化趋势,ZR/IAA则呈现先下降、后上升、再下降的变化趋势。外部形态学观察结果,红锥插穗扦插后第21d开始生根,第60天生根基本结束,生根率达92.5%,说明插穗自身的激素含量影响生根性状,红锥插穗自身的激素含量有利于生根,故红锥插穗生根能力较强。 相似文献
5.
2种激素处理的山杏插穗生根过程中营养物质及酶活性的变化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以山杏嫩枝为插穗,用IBA和NAA处理插穗,以清水处理为对照,研究扦插生根过程中营养物质及酶活性的变化。结果表明,各激素处理插穗的可溶性总糖含量变化趋势一致,均呈"升高-降低-升高"趋势,且高于对照;生根率高的处理其可溶性总糖含量也相对较高,表明激素处理可以增加可溶性总糖的积累,从而促进生根。各激素处理插穗蛋白质含量变化均呈"升高-降低-升高"趋势,生根率较高的处理其蛋白质含量较高;各激素处理插穗的全氮含量在根伸长期均低于对照,但生根率均高于对照,表明低氮条件更有利于生根;各激素处理C/N值的变化趋势与对照相反,且均高于对照,生根率高的处理其C/N值也相对较高。各激素处理插穗的3种酶(POD、PPO、IAAO)活性的变化趋势一致,其中POD、PPO呈"升高-降低-升高"趋势,IAAO则呈"升高-降低"趋势;POD、PPO的峰值出现较早,表明POD、PPO活性与不定根的诱导有关,IAAO的峰值出现较晚,表明IAAO活性与不定根的伸长关系更为密切;生根率高的处理3种酶活性也相对较高,表明激素处理可以提高山杏酶活性。 相似文献
6.
以2年生大头典竹(Dendrocalamopsis beecheyana)的粗壮主侧枝为实验材料,采用600 mg·L~(-1)的ABT1溶液预先处理5 min,以m(黄泥土)∶m(泥炭土)=1∶1混合为基质,进行扦插,研究不同扦插时期大头典竹生根特性和扦插生根后可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和相关抗氧化酶活性变化。结果表明:600 mg·L~(-1)的ABT1处理对扦插生根具有重要影响,处理后的插条生根率最高可达69.84%。大头典竹侧枝扦插生根属于潜伏不定根原基生根型,具体过程分为根的诱导时期(0~14 d)、表达时期(14~21 d)和伸长时期(21~35 d)3个阶段。扦插后,可溶性糖质量分数呈现先降低后上升再下降的变化趋势,可溶性蛋白质量分数则呈现相反变化趋势。在扦插生根过程中氧化酶活性呈规律性变化,过氧化物酶(POD)、吲哚乙酸氧化酶(IAAO)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性在不定根诱导时期呈上升趋势;在不定根表达形成期,POD、PPO活性下降,IAAO活性急剧上升,SOD活性保持稳定;在不定根的伸长时期,IAAO和PPO活性下降,POD活性先上升后下降,SOD活性仍维持较高水平。 相似文献
7.
《湖南林业科技》2017,(6)
通过对不同品种以及不同类型穗条提取液在不同季节的生根抑制物质的变化研究,以期为油茶无性繁殖采样季节提供理论依据。以油茶新品种为实验材料,研究了品种及穗条类型对生根提取液中酸度、酚类物质含量以及生物效应的影响。酸度的测定采用滴定法,酚类物质含量的测定采用分光光度法,生物效应采用种子发芽率进行测定。结果表明:不同品种穗条提取液中酸度和酚类物质含量的变化趋势一致,均呈"先上升后下降"的趋势,而种子发芽率的变化趋势与酸度和酚类物质含量的变化趋势相反,即"先下降后上升",呈"V"型,5月份穗条中生根抑制物质含量最高,4、6月份较低;不同类型穗条提取液中酸度呈"上升"趋势,酚类物质含量呈"下降"趋势,发芽率呈"上升"趋势,6月份穗条中酚类物质含量较低。 相似文献
8.
《世界竹藤通讯》2015,(4)
通过对自然降温过程中曙箣竹各项生理指标和低温半致死温度的测定,研究了曙箣竹抗寒能力及相关生理特性的变化。结果表明:在自然降温过程中曙箣竹叶片的相对电导率、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量均表现为先上升后下降再上升的趋势,温度为11℃时脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量出现峰值;随着温度的下降,丙二醛含量(MDA)含量呈先下降再上升趋势,20℃时MDA含量最高,仅8℃时与其他处理温度呈显著差异;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈降低—升高—降低的变化趋势,SOD活性在8℃时达最大;过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈"W"型趋势变化,表现为降低—升高—降低—升高,POD活性除在20℃时最大并与5℃之间无显著差异外,与其他4个温度处理间均呈显著差异。以电导法配合Logistic方程测定曙竹叶片的半致死温度为-2.16℃,此温度可能是曙箣竹生理生化指标变化的节点,低于此温度叶片生理活动将受限。此外,曙箣竹主要通过渗透调节物质的变化来适应温度变化。 相似文献
9.
为了解不同因子对木槿扦插生根的影响,探索木槿扦插快繁技术,研究了木槿品种、基质比例、激素质量浓度在扦插中对生根产生的影响,以及生根期间过氧化酶POD活性和可溶性总糖含量的生理指标变化。结果表明:木槿品种和基质比例能极大的影响木槿的扦插生根,激素质量浓度对木槿扦插生根影响不大。扦插过程中POD的活性大致呈现为"先上升后下降"的趋势,可溶性总糖含量大致呈现为"先下降后上升"的趋势。同时POD活性较高的品种在扦插中能更好更快的生根,可溶性总糖含量在不同品种中相差不大。 相似文献
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11.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):427-435
In Scandinavia, moose (Alces alces L.) sometimes cause severe browsing damage to economically-important pine. Moose-vehicle accidents have spurred construction of fences along roads, and these may interfere with moose migration between summer and winter ranges, or the road alone may be a barrier. If this happens and moose build up along roads, landowners may suffer economically. Therefore, this study investigated whether roads, fences or other factors influence the use of young pine stands by moose. Eighty stands along roads in northern Sweden were evaluated in which individually-browsed branches were counted on 9972 pines. Moose browsing was not significantly related to birch (Betula pendula Roth, B. pubescens Ehrh.) density, nor did it differ between pines (Pinus contorta Douglas or P. sylvestris L.). However, increased pine density, site productivity and proximity to a highway were associated with increased browsing. Further large-scale studies are needed to understand moose habitat selection and the effects of roads. 相似文献
12.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(3):206-217
The root systems of 2-yr-old Picea glauca, Picea mariana and Pinus banksiana seedlings were submitted to various frost temperatures during an artificial frost to induce different levels of root damage. Frost-damaged and control seedlings were placed in a greenhouse under high and low soil moisture regimes. Seedling growth and physiology were evaluated periodically. Seedling survival was reduced when root damage reached levels of 60-80%. Root systems of all three species showed partial to total recovery by the end of the experiment. In general, root freezing damage caused reductions in seedling growth, with these reductions becoming less significant over time. Root damage had little to no effect on black spruce and jack pine seedling physiology, while white spruce CO 2 uptake decreased with increasing root damage. Shoot nitrogen content of all three species decreased slightly with increasing root damage. 相似文献
13.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):53-61
This study investigated the stand structure in pine, spruce and deciduous forests in the border district of Finland and Russia. A total of 46 mature forest stands was selected as pairs, the members of each pair being as similar as possible with respect to their forest site type, age, moisture and topography. The stands were then compared between the two countries by means of basal areas and number of stems. The proportions of dominating tree species were 2-12% lower, and correspondingly the proportions of secondary tree species higher, in Russian forests. The density of the forest stock was also higher in each forest type in Russia. The forests in the two countries differed most radically in terms of the abundance of dead trees. The amount was two to four times higher in Russian deciduous and spruce forests, and in pine forests the difference was 10-fold. The stand structures indicated that Russian coniferous stands, in particular, were more heterogeneous than intensively managed pine and spruce stands in Finland. 相似文献
14.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1):15-27
The root collar diameter and the height:diameter ratio are of particular importance in container-grown seedlings where a high density in the containers may produce spindly seedlings. Temperature regimes and light quality are known to affect plant growth. The aim of this study was to identify responses in Picea abies (L.) Karst. seedlings grown with light providing different red:far-red ratios and under temperature regimes with alternating day (DT) and night temperature (NT) from negative (DT < NT) to positive (DT > NT) difference (DIF) between DT and NT. Experiments were conducted in controlled environment chambers and in a daylight phytotron. Only limited thermoperiodic responses appeared in P . abies seedlings with respect to seedling height and dry weight accumulation. The formation of terminal buds, however, was clearly delayed in seedlings grown at negative DIF. The results indicate a requirement for day extension light that is high in far-red, to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. An extended study should be conducted to clarify the minimum level of light intensity and the optimal light quality needed to prevent terminal bud formation under natural short-day conditions. 相似文献
15.
本文分析了CAD在设计中引起的正面和负面影响,并进行了系统的阐述,从而使设计者在应用中能够保持客观的态度。 相似文献
16.
《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(2):131-138
The effects of soil scarification (mounding), slash removal and clear-cut age on the natural regeneration in clear-cuts was evaluated using data from four sites in southern Sweden. The treatments were carried out during a good seed and establishment year for birch ( Betula pubescens Ehrh. and B. pendula Roth). Scarification had the strongest positive effect on the density of naturally regenerated seedlings, especially in birch, but also in pine ( Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce [ Picea abies (L.) Karst]. Slash removal had a positive effect on birch density. No statistically significant effect of clear-cut age was found. In addition, no statistically significant interactions between clear-cut age and scarification or slash removal were found. The ingrowth of field vegetation was the fastest in areas that were not scarified, less rapid in areas scarified on old clear-cuts, and the slowest after scarification in fresh clear-cuts. In conclusion, it may be possible to control the density of birch during a good establishment year for birch. If birch is desired, the best combination of treatments is to remove the slash and scarify; otherwise, these treatments should be avoided. 相似文献
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《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(5):472-479
Based on an enquiry, risk perception among non-industrial private forest owners is described in relation to climate change and forestry hazards. Of the respondents, 11% took action to remedy the effects of climate change. Out of a given set, hazards were ranked according to each respondent's experience of recent substantial financial loss to the estate and in relation to his or her willingness to make investments aimed at risk reduction. For each hazard, the respondent assessed the risk in four classes ranging from very high to negligible risk. Six hazards were considered most problematic in all three aspects: browsing damage, falling timber prices, damage by wind, spruce bark beetle, root rot and pine weevil. A majority of the respondents claimed to take action to reduce the risk associated with at least one hazard, while 35% did not know whether they did. Excluding climate change, the need for decision support was the largest in relation to damage by wind owing to a combination of perceived high risk and a high level of ignorance in relation to whether risk-reducing measures were taken. 相似文献
19.
Srisuda Thippayarugs Banyong Toomsan Patma Vityakon Viriya Limpinuntana Aran Patanothai Georg Cadisch 《Agroforestry Systems》2008,72(2):137-148
In situ produced plant residues contain a mixture of different plant components of varying quality. To assess synergistic
or antagonistic interactions occurring during the decomposition and mineralization of such mixtures, individual plant parts
(stems, leaves, leaf litter and roots) or the mixture of stems, leaves and leaf litter of the agroforestry species pigeonpea
(Cajanus cajan) or of crop residues of peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or of the weed hairy indigo (Indigofera hirsuta) were incubated in pots for 19 weeks. Periodically, remaining plant residues were sieved out (>2 mm), weighed and N content
as well as soil mineral N determined. Above- and below-ground residues of peanut decomposed fastest and showed the largest
N release in agreement with their high N concentration and low-acid detergent fibre (ADF) : N ratio. Hairy indigo was hypothesized
to be of lower quality than pigeonpea because of its high-polyphenol content. However, it decomposed faster than pigeonpea,
largely because of the higher N and lower lignin concentration of its components. Ranking of individual plant components for
N mineralization resulted in the following pattern, leaves > leaf litter > roots > stems. In mixtures of the different plant
components a similar species order in decomposition was obtained, e.g. peanut > hairy indigo > pigeonpea. The amount of N
released from the mixture was dominated by stem material that comprised 46–61% of the mixture. The interactions in mixtures
were relatively small for peanut (generally high-quality components) as well as for pigeonpea (low proportion of high-quality
components, i.e. N rich leaf material). However, a positive interaction occurred during later stages of N mineralization in
the mixture of hairy indigo as it had a significant proportion of N rich components and absence of highly reactive polyphenols.
Thus, for plants with low to intermediate chemical quality attributes, manipulating plant composition (e.g. by varying harvest
age, affecting stem and leaf proportions) will be important to obtain significant interactions during decomposition when its
components are mixed. 相似文献
20.
A. Rigueiro-Rodríguez M. R. Mosquera-Losada E. Gatica-Trabanini 《Agroforestry Systems》2000,48(3):245-256
The use of organic waste materials such as milk sewage as an organic fertilizer could have the dual advantages of organic-waste
disposal and reduced dependence on inorganic fertilizers. The effects of fertilization with (1) conventional mineral fertilization,
(2) milk sewage sludge at 40 kg N ha−1 target rate and (3) no fertilization on pasture production and tree growth were examined in an experiment consisting of two
pasture mixtures under a one-year-old Pinus radiata plantation with a density of 2500 trees ha−1. The two pasture mixtures were: (1) Dactylis glomerata L. var. saborto (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1); (2) Lolium perenne L. var. Tove (25 kg ha−1) + Trifolium repens L. group Ladino (4 kg ha−1) + Trifolium pratense L. var. Marino (1 kg ha−1). The experiment began in the spring of 1995 using a randomized block design with three replicates in Castro Riberas de Lea
(Lugo, Galicia, north-western Spain). Plot size was 12 × 8 m2, with a 1 m buffer strip between plots. Two-year data showed that fertilization with either material had a positive effect
on pasture production, with no significant difference between the two fertilization treatments. Tree growth in the milk sewage
sludge plot was significantly higher than in the control plots. Inorganic fertilization increased pasture production, but
affected tree growth negatively. The results show that milk sewage sludge could be used as a fertilizer in silvo-pastoral
systems.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献