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1.
为评价泰地罗新注射液对自然感染猪呼吸道疾病的治疗效果,试验选择自然发病且表现典型的呼吸系统疾病症状的160头猪开展治疗效果试验研究。将患病猪随机分成2组,每组80头,受试组按临床推荐剂量4 mg/kg给药泰地罗新注射液,对照组按临床推荐剂量2 mg/kg给药氟苯尼考注射液。结果显示,给药之后受试组和对照组对自然感染猪呼吸道疾病的治疗成功率分别为93.75%和87.50%,相比于氟苯尼考注射液,泰地罗新注射液的疗效更好。泰地罗新注射液按照推荐剂量4 mg/kg用药,对于副猪嗜血杆菌等引发的猪呼吸道疾病具有良好、安全的治疗效果。  相似文献   

2.
《中国兽医学报》2016,(11):1908-1915
为了研究复方氟苯尼考注射液的体外抗菌活性及对人工感染巴氏杆菌仔猪的保护效果。本研究采用体外抑菌试验采用试管二倍稀释法,测定复方氟苯尼考注射液和单方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。体内治疗试验是将复方氟苯尼考注射液分为20、40、60mg/kg 3个剂量组与氟苯尼考对照组(40mg/kg)以及氟尼辛葡甲胺对照组(3.65mg/kg)以颈部肌肉注射治疗人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌的仔猪。体外抑菌试验结果显示,复方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的MIC分别为0.59、1.09、0.59、2.12mg/L;氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的MIC分别为1.12、6.13、17.86、17.86mg/L。保护性试验结果显示,复方氟苯尼考注射液低、中、高剂量组增重率分别为(10.19±4.84)、(14.33±4.07)、(15.53±5.38)kg,死亡率分别为10%、10%、0,好转率分别为60%、90%、100%,治愈率分别为20%、90%、100%;氟苯尼考组的增重率为(9.90±4.25)kg;氟尼辛葡甲胺组的增重率为(8.02±3.83)kg。结果表明,复方氟苯尼考注射液对多杀性巴氏杆菌、副猪嗜血杆菌、猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌及链球菌的抑菌效果强于单方氟苯尼考注射液;复方氟苯尼考注射液对人工感染多杀性巴氏杆菌仔猪的保护作用也优于氟苯尼考注射液。建议本品的治疗剂量为颈部肌肉注射40mg/kg,每7d给药1次,连用2次,如症状严重可2d给药1次,连用2次。  相似文献   

3.
为评价泰地罗新注射液的安全性,将40头二元杂交仔猪随机分为4组,每组10头,分别为对照组(生理盐水)、泰地罗新注射液低剂量组(4 mg/kg)、泰地罗新注射液中剂量组(8 mg/kg)和泰地罗新注射液高剂量组(12 mg/kg)。在第0天、第7天和第14天经肌肉注射给药,并在给药前、首次给药后的第7天、第14天和第21天采取仔猪的静脉血后,应用生化分析仪检测静脉血中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、白球比和胆红素6种血液生化指标,探究泰地罗新注射液对仔猪肝脏功能的影响。试验结果显示:首次给药后第7天、第14天和第21天,泰地罗新注射液低剂量组(4 mg/kg)的总胆红素含量显著降低;在给药后第21天,泰地罗新注射液低剂量组(4 mg/kg)和泰地罗新注射液中剂量组(8 mg/kg)白蛋白含量显著升高;在给药后第21天,泰地罗新注射液中剂量组(8 mg/kg)的总蛋白含量显著升高;其余各组各项血液生化指标均差异不显著。泰地罗新注射液能够降低仔猪肝脏的氧化损伤,促进仔猪对蛋白质的消化吸收和代谢。  相似文献   

4.
将泰地罗新注射液分为高、中、低（8、4、2 mg /kg bw）3个剂量组分别肌肉注射治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎,同时设默沙东动物保健品有限公司的泰地罗新注射液为对照组,按4mg /kg bw给药,给药一次。结果表明,泰地罗新注射液中（4mg/kg bw）、高（8mg/kg bw）剂量对人工感染传染性胸膜肺炎病猪的有效率和治愈率无显著差异（P＞0.05）,与默沙东动物保健品有限公司生产的泰地罗新注射液推荐剂量（4mg/kg bw）的效果相当。试验结果表明泰地罗新注射液按一次量,每1 kg体重4mg肌注,对猪传染性胸膜肺炎有良好的治疗效果。  相似文献   

5.
为了评价泰地罗新注射液对靶动物猪的安全性,试验采用健康猪为试验动物,将24头猪随机分为4组,每组6头,给药组分别按临床推荐剂量的1倍(4 mg/kg)、3倍(12 mg/kg)、5倍(20 mg/kg)给药,每隔4 d给药1次,连续给药3次,健康对照组不给药,观察猪的临床表现、生理生化、组织病理学等指标,评价泰地罗新注射液在猪临床应用中的安全性。结果表明:给药组与健康对照组比较,猪的体重、血液生理、生化指标等检测结果差异不显著(P0. 05);解剖猪未见肉眼可见的病理变化,组织切片显微镜观测未见病理变化。说明泰地罗新注射液在猪体内耐受性高,按临床推荐剂量应用是安全的。  相似文献   

6.
为了研究泰地罗新注射液肌内注射和静脉注射在猪体内的药动学特征和绝对生物利用度,16只健康猪采用随机单剂量、平行试验设计,分别以4 mg/kg BW肌内注射和以1 mg/kg BW静脉注射泰地罗新注射液。采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定猪血浆中泰地罗新的浓度,以药动学分析软件WinNolin 6.4非房室模型计算药动学参数。结果显示,猪肌内注射泰地罗新注射液的药动学参数分别为Tmax(0.58±0.36)h,Cmax(0.88±0.17)μg/ml,AUClast(11.00±4.05)μg.h/mL,T1/2λz(33.58±22.01) h,MRTlast(35.60±10.00 )h。猪静脉注射泰地罗新注射液的药动学参数分别为AUClast(3.56±1.62)μg.h/mL,T1/2λz(50.91±23.47)h,MRTlast(37.53±4.52 )h,Vz(17.59±8.09)L/kg,Cl(0.31±0.14)L/h.kg。肌内注射泰地罗新注射液的绝对生物利用度77.15%,在猪体内的药动学特征是吸收迅速,血浆达峰时间短,消除半衰期长,绝对生物利用度高。  相似文献   

7.
本试验旨在观察氟苯尼考缓释颗粒对人工感染仔猪传染性胸膜肺炎的疗效。选用体重1520 kg左右的大白×长白二元杂交猪60头,分为6组,每组10头。除健康对照组外,其余各组猪气管接种传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌菌液(1×107CFU/mL)。人工感染后,用氟苯尼考颗粒治疗,并观察记录各组猪的临床表现,连续观察15 d。20%氟苯尼考缓释颗粒高、中、低剂量及对照药物(浓度分别为60 mg/kg,30 mg/kg,15 mg/kg及30 mg/kg),连续用药5 d,对猪传染性胸膜肺炎的治愈率分别是分别为80%、90%、70%及80%,而人工感染对照组的死亡率高达90%。结果表明,按30 mg/kg计量灌服20%氟苯尼考缓释颗粒,每天给药1次,连续给药5 d,对治疗猪传染性胸膜肺炎具有显著的疗效。  相似文献   

8.
为了研究泰地罗新注射液对猪的安全性,选取24头健康猪,随机分为4组,每组6头。分别设阴性对照组(生理盐水)和不同剂量组(4 mg/kg·bw、12 mg/kg·bw和20 mg/kg·bw泰地罗新注射液)。给药前后比较试验组与空白组的血常规、血清生化指标,同时取组织进行病理学检查。20 mg/kg·bw组的猪给药后出现抽搐,喘气,站立不稳等症状,于给药1 h内死亡2头。其余各剂量组及空白对照组的猪,饮食、行为等临床表现正常,无不良反应。与对照组相比,给药后7 d,白细胞(WBC)显著增加(P0.05)。γ-GT、ALT、TG、GLB、TP、TC、UA、P和Mg也显著性升高(P0.05),但14 d后能够恢复到正常水平。其中,高剂量组(20 mg/kg·bw)的试验猪出现心肌细胞变性的症状。试验结果表明,泰地罗新注射液肌肉注射给药后,可能引起动物的炎症损伤,这种损伤主要表现在对心脏、肝脏和肾脏等的损害。但在临床推荐剂量范围内使用,对靶动物猪的生理生化无明显的影响。  相似文献   

9.
本试验旨在研究肌注氟苯尼考注射液(20%)对靶动物猪的安全性。选取24头健康猪,分为对照组和高、中、低剂量给药组,给药组颈部肌肉注射氟苯尼考注射液分别为每公斤体重100、60和20 mg,且在第1天和第3天连续给药2次。比较给药前后的血常规和血液生化指标,并观察给药后动物的临床表现。结果表明:试验期间,各组猪临床表现正常,只有高剂量组和中剂量组的猪在给药第3天或第4天出现了腹泻现象,但随后亦慢慢恢复正常;各给药组给药后的血常规和血生化指标均在正常范围内波动,与给药前相比无显著性差异性(P>0.05)。本试验结果说明氟苯尼考注射液(20%)通过肌注给药对猪无明显的不良反应,具有较好的安全性。  相似文献   

10.
为研究泰地罗新注射液在藏系羊体内的药物动力学特征,了解其在藏系羊体内的吸收、分布、转化及排泄规律,为泰地罗新注射液的临床合理用药提供参考,选取8只藏系羊,泰地罗新4 mg/kg体重单剂量肌内注射给药,不同时间点采集藏系羊血液,利用高效液相色谱法测定血浆中药物浓度。结果显示:给药后泰地罗新在藏系羊体内的药-时曲线符合有吸收三室开放模型,其主要药动学参数为:达峰时间(T_(max))为(0.723±0.186)h,最高血药浓度(C_(max))为(0.769±0.231)μg/m L,半衰期(t_(1/2))为(86.525±10.547)h,表观分布容积(Vd)为(15.298±2.564)m L/kg,药时曲线下面积(AUC)为(28.738±3.452)μg·h/m L。结果表明:泰地罗新注射给药后,在藏系羊体内吸收迅速,消除较为缓慢。  相似文献   

11.
Tulathromycin, a novel triamilide antimicrobial, was evaluated for treatment of swine respiratory disease (SRD) in field efficacy studies involving 720 pigs in six North American swine herds. In each study, feeder pigs with clinical SRD were randomly assigned in equal numbers to a group treated with tulathromycin given as a single injection at 2.5 mg/kg of body weight or to a saline-treated control group. Four of the studies included a third group treated with ceftiofur sodium for 3 consecutive days at 3 mg/kg of body weight. Pigs were treated on day 0 and evaluated for treatment response on day 7. In each study, 10 or more nontreated pigs and saline-treated pigs that did not respond to treatment underwent necropsies to obtain lung samples that were evaluated for SRD pathogens. The overall cure rate was 46.4% for saline-treated pigs, 71.1% for tulathromycin-treated pigs, and 63.1% for ceftiofur-treated pigs. The cure rate for tulathromycin-treated pigs was significantly higher than for saline-treated pigs (P = .0116). Mortality from SRD occurred in 24 control pigs, seven tulathromycin-treated pigs, and one ceftiofur-treated pig. The mortality rate was significantly lower for both the tulathromycin- and ceftiofur-treated pigs compared with those treated with saline (P = .0148 and P = .0195, respectively). Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus parasuis, and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, bacteria commonly associated with SRD, were isolated from SRD-affected pigs. Under field conditions, tulathromycin injectable solution given as a single IM dose of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight was safe and effective in the treatment of SRD.  相似文献   

12.
复方吡喹酮注射液防治羊脑多头蚴病的试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
为了获得复方吡喹酮注射液治疗羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量,本试验应用复方吡喹酮注射液30、50、80 mg/kg BW三个剂量组对患羊脑多头蚴病的绵羊进行治疗,设80 mg/kg BW剂量的丙硫咪唑作为药物对照组.试验结果表明,30 mg/kg BW剂量组治愈率较低,为68.97%,不能达到治疗目的;50和80 mg/kg BW剂量对羊脑多头蚴均有很强的驱杀作用,对病羊的治愈率分别为91.84%和92.85%,但两组间差异不显著(P＞0.05);高、中剂量组(80、50 mg/kg BW)与低剂量组、药物对照组比较差异极显著(P＜0.01).50 mg/kg BW剂量为防治羊脑多头蚴病的最佳治疗剂量.  相似文献   

13.
将25只家兔随机分成5组,每组5只,各组分别为耳缘静脉注射生理盐水[3 mL/(kg·BW)]组、耳缘静脉注射25%乌拉坦[4 mL/(kg·BW)]组、耳缘静脉注射3%戊巴比妥钠[1 mL/(kg·BW)]组、耳缘静脉注射陆眠宁[0.2 mL/(kg·BW)]组、肌肉注射陆眠宁[0.2 mL/(kg·BW)]组。观察试验过程中动物麻醉诱导时间、麻醉维持时间及外科麻醉期一般状况;外科麻醉期0 h、外科麻醉期0.5 h与苏醒时的呼吸和心率。结果显示,陆眠宁效果较好,尤以陆眠宁肌肉注射麻醉维持时间较长,麻醉时家兔的呼吸、心率变化较小,提示对家兔进行麻醉时宜采取肌肉注射陆眠宁的方式,剂量为0.2 mL/kg。  相似文献   

14.
Anorexigenic substances released during infection may hinder the therapeutic efficacy of in-feed antibiotics. Paracetamol (acetaminophen; PARA) inhibits the anorexia of infection and seems to improve the clinical efficacy of doxycycline (DOX) against bacterial respiratory disease in swine herds. In order to verify whether PARA selectively stimulates intake of DOX-medicated feed in diseased pigs, we documented the pharmacokinetics (PK) of DOX when coadministered with PARA and examined the effect of in-feed PARA on the interindividual variability in plasma concentrations after systemic exposure to in-feed DOX in swine herds with respiratory disease. Systemic exposure to DOX was measured with the area under the curve (AUC) of its plasma concentrations over time. First, a rich-sampling PK study of in-feed and i.v. DOX (10 mg/kg of BW) and PARA (30 and 10 mg/kg of BW, respectively) was performed on 5 pigs. The PK profiles of in-feed DOX were used in mathematical simulations to determine 5 optimal sampling times for the farm-based population PK study. A randomized, blind, parallel PK study was performed in 2 herds with bacterial respiratory disease, where liquid feed was fortified with DOX alone (5 mg x kg of BW(-1) x meal(-1)) or combined with PARA (15 mg x kg of BW(-1) x meal(-1)). Medicated meals were given twice, 12 h apart, to group-housed growing pigs (n > 50 pigs x treatment(-1) x herd(-1), totaling 215 pigs). Plasma concentrations of DOX and PARA were measured with HPLC. At variance with our expectations, PARA decreased (P = 0.069) mean AUC of in-feed DOX and did not decrease its variability (P > 0.34). Mean AUC of DOX increased with feed intake and with initial exposure to DOX, and was greater in sick animals. Therefore, symptomatic PARA-induced improvement in bacterial respiratory disease control with DOX is more likely caused by its analgesic/antipyretic effects than by its orexigenic effect. Interindividual variation in the AUC of DOX was large in pigs given group medication, even when sufficient feeding space was allowed and the amount of feed offered was greater than their requirements. Therefore, future studies to improve the efficacy of group antibiotic therapy should focus on feeding behavior characteristics as well as biopharmaceutical properties of medicated feeds.  相似文献   

15.
A field trial was performed under commercial feedlot conditions in western Canada to compare the efficacy of a new formulation of long-acting oxytetracycline (LA 30) to a standard long-acting oxytetracycline formulation (LA 20) and florfenicol (FLOR) for the treatment of undifferentiated fever (UF) in calves that received metaphylactic tilmicosin upon arrival at the feed-lot. Seven hundred and ninety-seven recently weaned, auction market derived, crossbred, beef calves suffering from UF were allocated to 1 of 3 experimental groups as follows: LA 30, which received intramuscular long-acting oxytetracycline (300 mg/mL formulation) at the rate of 30 mg/kg body weight (BW) at the time of allocation; LA 20, which received intramuscular long-acting oxytetracycline (200 mg/mL formulation) at the rate of 20 mg/kg BW at the time of allocation; or FLOR, which received intramuscular florfenicol administered at the rate of 20 mg/kg BW at the time of allocation and again 48 hours later. Two hundred and sixty-six animals were allocated to the LA 30 group, 265 animals were allocated to the LA 20 group, and 266 animals were allocated to the FLOR group. The relative efficacy of the LA 30 group, as compared with the LA 20 and FLOR groups, was assessed by comparing relapse, chronicity, wastage, and mortality rates. The overall mortality (RR = 0.50) rate in the LA 30 group was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in the LA 20 group. However, the overall chronicity (RR = 2.56) and overall wastage (RR = 6.97) rates of the LA 30 group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than in the LA 20 group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in UF relapse rates or cause specific mortality rates between the LA 30 and LA 20 groups. In the economic analysis, there was an advantage of $28.59 CDN per animal in the LA 30 group compared with the LA 20 group. The overall chronicity (RR = 2.25) and overall wastage (RR = 2.80) rates of the LA 30 group were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the FLOR group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in UF relapse rates, overall mortality rates, or cause specific mortality rates between the LA 30 and FLOR groups. In the economic analysis, there was an advantage of $12.90 CDN per animal in the LA 30 group compared with the FLOR group. In summary, the results of this study indicate that it is more cost-effective to use a new formulation of long-acting oxytetracycline (300 mg/mL formulation administered at a rate of 30 mg/kg BW) than a standard long-acting oxytetracycline formulation (200 mg/mL formulation administered at a rate of 20 mg/kg BW) or florfenicol for the treatment of UF in feedlot calves that have previously received metaphylactic tilmicosin upon arrival at the feedlot.  相似文献   

16.
This study determined the impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and Streptococcus suis coinfection on the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of ceftiofur hydrochloride in pigs after intramuscular (i.m.) injection. Eighteen clinically normal crossbred gilts were assigned by weight into a challenge group (10 pigs) and control group (eight pigs). Pigs in both groups received a single i.m. injection of ceftiofur hydrochloride (Excenel RTU Sterile Suspension; Zoetis) at a 5 mg/kg BW dose. Serial blood samples were collected to characterize the plasma concentration curve. After a 10 days drug washout period, the challenge group was inoculated with 2 mL of PRRSV isolate VR‐2385 (105.75 50% tissue culture infective doses per mL) intranasally and 8 days later inoculated S. suis. When clinical disease was evident, the second PK assessment began in both challenge and control groups. Coinfected pigs demonstrated lower values of AUC and CMAX, but higher values of Cl/F and Vz/F indicating drug kinetics were altered by infection. The data from this study have implications on ceftiofur treatment regimens in diseased pigs.  相似文献   

17.
Two replicated-pen field studies were performed under commercial feedlot conditions in western Canada to compare the administration of long-acting oxytetracycline at 30 mg/kg body weight (BW) versus tilmicosin at 10 mg/kg BW to feedlot calves upon arrival at the feedlot. Ten thousand nine hundred and eighty-nine, recently weaned, auction market derived, crossbred beef steer and bull calves were randomly allocated upon arrival at the feedlot to one of 2 experimental groups as follows: oxytetracycline, which received intramuscular long-acting oxytetracycline (300 mg/mL formulation) at a rate of 30 mg/kg BW; or tilmicosin, which received subcutaneous tilmicosin (300 mg/mL formulation) at a rate of 10 mg/kg BW. There were 20 pens in each experimental group. In Study 1 and in the combined analysis, the initial undifferentiated fever (UF) treatment rate was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the oxytetracycline group as compared with the tilmicosin group. There were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in first UF relapse, second UF relapse, third UF relapse, overall chronicity, overall rail, overall mortality, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) mortality, hemophilosis mortality, arthritis mortality, or miscellaneous mortality rates between the experimental groups in either study or in the combined analysis. In addition, there were no significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in initial weight, final weight, weight gain, days on feed, daily dry matter intake, average daily gain, or the dry matter intake to gain ratio between the experimental groups in either study or in the combined analyses. In the economic analysis, there was a net economic advantage of $5.22 CDN per animal in the oxytetracycline group, due to a lower prophylactic cost, even though the UF therapeutic cost was higher.  相似文献   

18.
The aim of this work was developing effective treatments against Brucella suis biovar 2, responsible for swine brucellosis in Europe. MICs for antibiotics used classically in brucellosis and two new macrolides (tulathromycin and tildipirosin) were determined for 33 B. suis biovar 2 field and B. suis reference strains. MIC90 values ranged from 0.01 to 0.25 μg/mL. The best candidates, given alone or combined, were then evaluated in mice. Ten groups (n = 7) of BALB/c mice were inoculated (1 × 105 CFU/mouse) with a virulent B. suis biovar 2 field strain. All groups, excepting untreated control, were treated for 14 days with, respectively, doxycycline, dihydrostreptomycin, tulathromycin (one or two doses), or tildipirosin (one or two doses) given alone, and doxycycline combined with dihydrostreptomycin, tulathromycin, or tildipirosin. Combined tildipirosin treatment was the most effective, then selected for pig studies. Sixteen B. suis biovar 2 naturally infected sows were treated with oxytetracycline (20 mg/kg BW/daily) for 21 days. The half of these received also tildipirosin (4 mg/kg BW) in two doses with a 10‐day interval. An extensive bacteriological study conducted ten days after ceasing treatments proved the efficacy of this combined oxytetracycline/tildipirosin treatment.  相似文献   

19.
Objective To compare the efficacy of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs, diclofenac sodium and flunixin meglumine as adjuncts to the antibiotic treatment of bovine respiratory disease (BRD). Procedure We randomly allocated 80 Holstein calves with BRD to three groups. All the calves received a dose of 2.5 mg/kg tulathromycin by single subcutaneous injection and two of the groups received, in addition, either 2.5 mg/kg diclofenac sodium as a single intramuscular injection (diclofenac group, n = 30) or 2.2 mg/kg flunixin meglumine as an intravenous injection on the first three consecutive days after tulathromycin administration (flunixin group, n = 30). All calves were given a clinical score prior to initial treatment (day 0) and after treatment (days 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14) by observing appetite, demeanour, rectal temperature, the rate and type of respiration, presence or absence of coughing, and nasal discharge. Results During the first 48 h, improvement of adverse signs of respiratory disease, such as pyrexia and elevated respiratory rate, and of a high clinical index score was significant in the two adjunct groups compared with the calves receiving antibiotic alone. The reduction in pyrexia was greatest in the diclofenac group. There were no statically significant differences between treatment groups with regard to eventual perceived recovery from respiratory disease in 14 days. Conclusion In this trial, a single intramuscular dose of diclofenac sodium was equally effective as three intravenous injections of flunixin meglumine given on consecutive days as adjunctive therapy for BRD.  相似文献   

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