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1.
AIM: To observe the effect of microRNA-19a (miR-19a) on the lipid catabolism of hepatocyte LO2, and to explore the potential mechanism. METHODS: miR-19a was over-expressed or silenced by transfection of miR-19a mimics or miR-19a inhibitor into LO2 cells, then the mRNA level of miR-19a was detected by real-time PCR. The potential target of miR-19a was found by the method of bioinformatics through internet website. The effect of miR-19a on the 3' UTR of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) was measured by dual luciferase reporter assay, and the protein level of PPARα and its 2 major downstream rate-limiting enzymes involved in lipid catabolism, acyl-coenzyme a dehydrogenase (ACADM) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), were detected by Western blotting. Meanwhile, the effect of miR-19a on the generation of ketone body was measured by beta-hydroxybutyric acid (β-OHB) detection assay. RESULTS: The mRNA level of miR-19a was dramatically elevated by the transfection of miR-19a mimics, and sharply decreased by the transfection of miR-19a inhibitor (P<0.05). PPARα was found as a potential target of miR-19a, and dual luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting confirmed the regulatory effect of miR-19a on the expression of PPARα, with the protein level changes of ACADM and CPT1A. miR-19a mimics down-regulated, while miR-19a inhibitor up-regulated the concentration of β-OHB in LO2 cells (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: miR-19a regulates the lipid catabolism of hepatocytes by targeting the PPARα and its 2 downstream rate-limiting enzymes.  相似文献   

2.
Cognition is recognized as an essential component of the living strategies of organisms and the use of cognitive approaches based on an organismic-centered-view is discussed as a strategy to aid the advancement of landscape ecology to a more independent scientific discipline. The incorporation of the theory of information, the theory of meaning and the Umwelt, and the biosemiotic models into the landscape ecology framework is described as the necessary step to create a common paradigmatic background and operational tools to develop basis for a cognitive landscape ecology. Three cognitive landscapes (neutrality-based landscape, individual-based landscape and observer-based landscape) have been described as the result of distinctive mechanisms to extract information from a cognitive matrix based on a growing literature of (bio)semiotic exchange. The eco-field hypothesis is presented as a new possibility to describe landscape processes according to an organismic-centered-view. The eco-field is defined as a spatial configuration carrier of a specific meaning perceived when a specific living function is activated. A species-specific cognitive landscape is composed of all the spatial configurations involved for all the living functions for a particular organism. Eco-field hypothesis offers a detailed vision of (habitat) environmental requirements and creates a novel conceptual bridge between niche, habitat, Umwelt and the methodological approaches of spatial ecology. Finally the eco-field hypothesis promises a new testing ground for experimental investigations in landscape ecology and in related disciplines including environmental psychology, cognitive ethology, cultural ecology, landscape aesthetics, design and planning.  相似文献   

3.
We employed a sliding-window approach at multiple scales (window sizes and dispersal distances) to calculate seven standard graph-theoretical metrics within a subset of a large, freshwater wetland network. In contrast to most graph analyses, which quantify connectivity at a single (global) scale or at a patch-level scale, a multi-scaled, sliding-window approach provides an assessment that bridges these two approaches to examine patch clusters. As a case study we focused on a subset of a habitat patch network in a ~20,000 km2 area encompassing 2,782 playa wetlands in the panhandle of Texas. Playas are seasonal wetlands of the southern Great Plains of North America that form a network of regional habitat resources for wildlife. The large size of this network meant that global metrics failed to capture localized properties, so we used contour mapping to visualize continuous surfaces as functions of playa density, linkage density, and other topological traits at different window sizes and dispersal distances. This technique revealed spatial patterns in the components (i.e., the network properties of regions of the landscape at a given dispersal scale), with the spatial scale of habitat clustering varying with the size of the sliding window and dispersal distance. Using a tool familiar to landscape ecology (sliding-window methodology) in a novel way (to examine ecological networks at multiple scales), our approach provides a way to represent ecologically determined local-scale graph properties and illustrates how a multi-scaled approach is useful in examining habitat connectivity to investigate graph properties.  相似文献   

4.
AIM: To study the difference of ClC-3 chloride channel protein expression and channel function between cisplatin-sensitive (a2780) and -resistant (a2780cp) ovarian cancer cells. METHODS: The inhibition of a2780 and a2780cp cell proliferation induced by cisplatin were detected by MTT assay. The mRNA and protein expressions of ClC chloride channel families in a2780 cells and a2780cp cells were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. The distribution of ClC-3 protein in a2780 cells and a2780cp cells were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining. The whole cell patch-clamp technique was used to record the chloride current in the cells. RESULTS: The sensitivities of a2780 cells and a2780cp cells to cisplatin were different. The IC50 values of a2780 cells and a2780cp cells to cisplatin were 5 μmol/L and 20 μmol/L, respectively (P<0.01). The a2780 cells and a2780cp cells mainly expressed ClC-3 in ClC families. However, the mRNA expression of ClC-3 was much lower in a2780cp cells than that in a2780 cells (P<0.01). Compared with a2780 cells, the protein expression of ClC-3 in a2780cp cells was also significantly decreased (P<0.01). ClC-3 protein was mainly distributed on the membrane in a2780 cells, while was in cytoplasma in a2780cp cells. Cisplatin activated the chloride channel and induced the chloride current in the a2780 cells, but not in the a2780cp cells. Cisplatin did not induced the chloride current in a2780 cells treated with ClC-3 siRNA. CONCLUSION: The differences in protein distribution, expression and function of ClC-3 chloride channel were observed in cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer cells, which may be one of the underlying mechanisms of cisplatin resistance.  相似文献   

5.
AIM: To explore the effect of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) on apoptosis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells and the underluing mechanism. METHODS: miR-146a mimic (up-regulated miR-146a expression) and miR-146a inhibitor (down-regulated miR-146a expression) were transfected into the SGC-7901 cells by liposome method. At the same time, miRNA nonsense sequence transfection group as the negative control group (NC group) was set up. RT-qPCR was used to evaluate the levels of miR-146a in the SGC-7901 cells after transfection. The effects of miR-146a on the cell apoptosis and growth were assessed by flow cytometry analysis and CCK-8 assay, respectively. The effect of over-expression or knockdown of miR-146a on transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling was evaluated by RT-qPCR and Western blot. RESULTS: miR-146a modulated apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. Over-expression of miR-146a significantly increased apoptosis, whereas knockdown of miR-146a inhibited the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells. The expression of TAK1 at mRNA and protein levels was significantly decreased when miR-146a mimic was transfected into the SGC-7901 cells (P<0.05). On the contrast, the expression of TAK1 at mRNA and protein were significantly higher in miR-146a inhibitor transfection group than that in NC group (P<0.05), suggesting that miR-146a negatively regulated TAK1 expression. Moreover, knockdown of TAK1 enhanced the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells (P<0.01), while over-expression of TAK1 inhibited the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells(P<0.01). Additionally, both over-expression of miR-146a and knockdown of TAK1 led to a prominent increase in the expression of NF-κB inhibitor protein alpha (IκBα) and a significat decrease in B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) level in the SGC-7901 cells. CONCLUSION: miR-146a significantly promotes apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells by inhibition of NF-κB pathway via targeting TAK1.  相似文献   

6.
AIM:To investigate the effects of microRNA-196a (miR-196a) on the proliferation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). METHODS:Cell growth was evaluated by MTT assay. The expression of miR-196a was determined by microRNA array and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The effect of miR-196a on hMSC proliferation was detected by transfection of miR-196a mimic or inhibitor. Using dual-luciferase reporter system, the target gene of miR-196a was identified. The effect of HOXB7 on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) expression and hMSC proliferation was detected by siRNA. The effect of bFGF on hMSC proliferation was analyzed by siRNA. RESULTS:The proliferation ability was decreased and the expression of miR-196a was up-regulated in the old hMSCs compared with the young hMSCs. Up-regulation of miR-196a resulted in increased proliferation of hMSCs. Conversely, down-regulation of miR-196a resulted in decreased cell proliferation. Homeobox B7 (HOXB7) was the target gene of miR-196a. The regulation of miR-196a on hMSC proliferation was attenuated by inhibiting the expression of miR-196a and HOXB7 together. Down-regulation of miR-196a inhibited the expression of bFGF. Direct repression of HOXB7 or bFGF expression inhibited the hMSC proliferation. CONCLUSION:miR-196a inhibits the proliferation of hMSCs by repressing the expression of HOXB7 and bFGF.  相似文献   

7.
HU Bo  ZHOU Xin  LI Lin  ZHENG Fang 《园艺学报》2001,17(9):866-869
AIM:To understand the relationship between pentanucleotide repeat(PNR) polymorphism of the apolipoprotein(a) gene and lipoprotein natures of normal Han population. METHODS:The serum levels of TG, TC, LDL-C,HDL-C, apo AI, apo B and Lp(a) were measured and the polymorphism of the apo(a) PNR was studied by using PCR-SSCP in 153 random normal individuals in Hubei Han population respectively. RESULTS:The relative frequencies of apo(a) PNR allele were significantly different from western population. The apo(a) gene which copy number of PNR is 5 was associated with high Lp(a) levels. No marked differences in the levels of TG, TC,LDL-C, HDL-C, apo AI and apo B were found among the various genotype groups of apo(a) PNR in Hubei Han. CONCLUSION:The data of lipids and PNR polymorphism of the apo(a) gene from healthy Hubei Han were obtained. The apo(a) allele with 5(TTTTA)-repeats may be related to high serum Lp(a) levels in the Hubei Han population.  相似文献   

8.
AIM:To detect the effect and potential mechanism of microRNA-34a (miR-34a) on the senescence of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) under high glucose condition. METHODS:BMSCs were isolated and cultured from 60~80 g male SD rats. The BMSCs were divided into 5 groups:normal glucose(NG) group, high glucose(HG) group, HG+miR-34a mimic group, HG+miR-34a NC group and HG+miR-34a inhibitor group. In order to confirm whether miR-34a regulated the senescence of BMSCs under high glucose condition by regulating the expression of silent information regulator 1(SIRT1), in addition to the above groups, HG+siRNA-SIRT1 group, HG+siRNA-NT group and HG+miR-34a inhibitor+siRNA-SIRT1 group were added. The expression of miR-34a and SIRT1 mRNA was detected by RT-qPCR. CCK-8 assay and senescence-associated β-galactosidase assay were used to detect cell viability and senescence, respectively. The protein expression of SIRT1, forkhead box O3a (FOXO3a) and P21 in the BMSCs was analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS:The expression of miR-34a in HG group was increased significantly compared with NG group (P<0.01), and long-term exposure of the BMSCs to high glucose lead to decreased cell viability and increased senescence (P<0.05). Compared with HG+miR-34a NC group, the cell viability in HG+miR-34a mimic group was decreased significantly (P<0.01), the senescence of BMSCs was increased significantly (P<0.01), the protein expression of SIRT1 was decreased significantly (P<0.01) and the protein expression of FOXO3a was increased significantly (P<0.01). However, inhibition of miR-34a expression showed the opposite effect to miR-34a mimic. Similar to the HG+miR-34a mimic group, the protein expression of P21 and FOXO3a in HG+siRNA-SIRT1 group were significantly higher than that in HG group (P<0.01). After adding siRNA-SIRT1 into HG+miR-34a inhibitor group, the inhibitory effect of the miR-34a inhibitor on the expression of P21 and FOXO3a in BMSCs were partly weakened (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:miR-34a regulate the senescence of BMSCs under high glucose condition by regulating the expression of SIRT1.  相似文献   

9.
The dynamics of microtine rodents show large variations among species and even among populations of a single species. Several studies have shown that landscape structure and predation play a role in these variations. We studied the influence of landscape structure on the spatial distribution and the population dynamics of the fossorial form of the water vole (Arvicola terrestris sherman). The sampling was based on a preliminary five-year survey of a rodent cycle on a regional scale, as well as a method of abundance estimation using surface indices. This survey led to distinguishing epicentres where outbreaks started, and diffusion sections where outbreaks occurred later. Results showed differences in dynamics of spatial distribution of the vole colonies between these two types of sections. This distribution pattern is related to landscape composition and structure. Epicentres are characterized by a higher ratio of open landscape, a lower ratio of forest, and less fragmentation when compared to the diffusion sections. Therefore landscape analysis has the potential of providing a valuable framework for the designing of programs for the early control of A. terrestris populations.  相似文献   

10.
Foraging herbivores respond to the spatial pattern of resources at a variety of scales. At small scales of space and time, existing models capture the essence of the feeding process and successfully predict intake rates. Models that operate over larger scales have not exhibited a similar success, in part because we have a limited understanding of the rules used by animals to make decisions in spatially complex environments, or of the consequences of departing from these rules. To evaluate the rules that large herbivores use when navigating between forages, we examined movements of bighorn sheep foraging on apparent prey (alfalfa plants) in hand-constructed patches of plants. Observations of movements and path lengths were compared to simulations that used a variety of different rules-of-thumb to determine a search path. Rules used in simulations ranged from a random walk with various detection distances, to more complicated rules that solved a variant of the travelling salesman problem. Simulations of a random walk yielded movement lengths that exceeded observations by a factor of 3 for long detection distances, and by 30-fold for short detection distances. Observed move distances were most closely approximated by simulations based on a nearest-neighbor ruleover 75 % of all moves by bighorn sheep were to the closest available plant. Movement rules based on random walks are clearly inappropriate for many herbivores that typically consume visually apparent plants, and we suggest the use of a nearest-neighbor rule for modelling foraging by large herbivores.  相似文献   

11.
AIM: To study the feasibility, security and validity of the intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach in chronic heart failure rats and its value in the study of gene therapy for heart diseases, and further investigate whether adeno-associated virual gene transfer of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase （SERCA2a） gene can improve ventricular function in chronic heart failure (HF) rats. METHODS: An animal model of heart failure was obtained by creating descending aortic constriction in rats. Recombinant adeno-associated virus, carrying enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene and recombinant adeno-associated virus carrying SERCA2a gene, were respectively injected into pericardium of heart failure rats in different groups (group HF+EGFP and group HF+SERCA2a) by intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach. After 30 days, hemodynamic parameters were measured and analyzed. Cryosection was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy to examine the expression of green fluorescent protein, and Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of SERCA2a. RESULTS: Green fluorescence was detected in cryosection of the hearts in all rats in group HF+EGFP and the expression of green fluorescent protein was ubiquitously. The expression of SERCA2a in all rats in group HF+SERCA2a was more than those in group HF and group HF+EGFP. And overexpression of SERCA2a improved the systolic and diastolic function of heart failure rats significantly and the hemodynamic parameters were similar with those of the controls. CONCLUSION: The intrapericardial injection with a trans-diaphragmatic approach suggests a simple, safe, efficient and cheap technique for the gene therapy of chronic heart failure. Gene thransfer of SERCA2a may be a new approach for the treatment of chronic heart failure.  相似文献   

12.
The fruit removal force (FRF) of olive fruits decreased after treatment with the ethylene-releasing agents CGA 13'586 and ethephon. The former has a higher pH in solution and releases ethylene quickly and in very large amounts, while the latter has a much lower pH and releases ethylene slowly and in much smaller concentrations. The influence of each of the agents on the FRF followed a parallel pattern to its ethylene evolution; CGA 13'586 caused a fast and continuous decrease in the FRF, while ethephon caused a small reduction, a period of steady state and a second reduction in the FRF. At the end of the second stage the FRF was similar for both chemicals. A possible mode of action for the two chemicals is suggested.  相似文献   

13.
AIM: To investigate the oncogenic effect of microRNA-106a (miR-106a) on normal gastric mucous epithelial cells and gastric cancer cells.METHODS: The miR-106a mimic was transfected into normal gastric mucous epithelial cell line GES-1 using liposome. The change of cell growth was measured by MTT assay. The miR-106a inhibitor was transfected into gastric cancer cell lines MGC-803 and SGC-7901 using liposome, and the changes of cell cycle distribution and cell cycle-related protein expression were measured by flow cytometry and Western blotting,respectively. The growth of gastric cancer was also observed using nude mouse xenograft model. RESULTS: The miR-106a mimic increased the growth of GES-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. By decreasing the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 1 and CDK2, the miR-106a inhibitor arrested MGC-803 cells at G0/G1 and G2/M phases. The miR-106a inhibitor also arrested SGC-7901 cells at G2/M phase by decreasing the expression of CDK1. The results of animal experiments showed that the miR-106a inhibitor significantly suppressed the tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: miR-106a may play an important role in the development of gastric cancer.  相似文献   

14.
LIU An  HUANG Cheng-gang  XU Jia 《园艺学报》2016,32(7):1227-1234
AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effects of lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a(GHSR1a) on colorectal cancer cell line SW480 both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Human GHSR1a sequence was used for the design of shRNA targeting GHSR1a, which was introduced to lentivirus, followed by transfection into SW480 cells. CCK-8 assay was performed to detect cell viability. The mRNA expression of GHSR1a and PTEN in colorectal cancer cells was detected by RT-PCR. The protein levels of GHSR1a, ghrelin, PTEN, p-AKT and p53 were determined by Western blot. Stable GHSR1a silencing in SW480 xenografts in nude mice was established. After the mice were sacrificed and weighted, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the positive expression of Ki-67 and PTEN in the tumors. RESULTS: GHSR1a was over-expressed in the malignant cells in comparison with the normal cells in vitro. The tumor specific lentivirus-mediated shRNA targeting GHSR1a gene and GHSR1a knockdown SW480 cells were successfully constructed. After transfection with GHSR1a shRNA, the expression of GHSR1a at mRNA and protein levels was markedly inhibited in the SW480 cells. Furthermore, GHSR1a silencing by specific shRNA showed increased PTEN, inhibition of AKT phosphorylation and promotion of p53 release in the SW480 cells. In vivo results demonstrated that down-re-gulation of GHSR1a in the SW480 cells significantly decreased the expression of Ki-67 and increased the expression of PTEN in the tumor tissues, leading to a marked reduction in tumor weight in comparison to blank control or negative control tumors. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of GHSR1a by shRNA technique inhibits the growth of colorectal cancer cell line and xenograft tumor through activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.  相似文献   

15.
We demonstrate a method to evaluate the degree to which a meta-model approximates spatial disturbance processes represented by a more detailed model across a range of landscape conditions, using neutral landscapes and equivalence testing. We illustrate this approach by comparing burn patterns produced by a relatively simple fire spread algorithm with those generated by a more detailed fire behavior model from which the simpler algorithm was derived. Equivalence testing allows objective comparisons of the output of simple and complex models, to determine if the results are significantly similar. Neutral landscape models represent a range of landscape conditions that the model may encounter, allowing evaluation of the sensitivity and behavior of the model to different landscape compositions and configurations. We first tested the model for universal applicability, then narrowed the testing to assess the practical domain of applicability. As a whole, the calibrated simple model passed the test for significant equivalence using the 25% threshold. When applied to a range of landscape conditions different from the calibration scenarios, the model failed the tests for equivalence. Although our particular model failed the tests, the neutral landscape models were helpful in determining an appropriate domain of applicability and in assessing the model sensitivity to landscape changes. Equivalence testing provides an effective method for model comparison, and coupled with neutral landscapes, our approach provides an objective way to assess the domain of applicability of a spatial model.  相似文献   

16.
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17.
Gao  Qiong  Yang  Xiusheng 《Landscape Ecology》1997,12(5):321-330
A linear, semi-theoretical relationship between the coverage change of plant communities due to spatial processes and a partial patchiness index of the community distribution patterns in a grassland landscape was established by partitioning the overall coverage change into a spatial increment caused by species migration and a local increment due to local ecological processes. This relationship implies that patchiness of grassland landscapes can accelerate either recovery or degradation of a community, depending on the environmental conditions depicted by a parameter termed as gradient strength. The established relationship also has potential applications in simulating pattern dynamics of plant community distributions for a grassland landscape using a spatially homogeneous patch-scale model.The derived linear relationship was applied to a one-hectare alkaline grassland observatory in northeast China. Gradient strengths of two major plant community types were determined via linear regression from simulation results for selected subregions of the grassland. The calibrated linear relationship was then applied to the rest of the grassland landscape. Preliminary comparisons with complete spatial simulations and observations indicated that using this linear relationship with a patch-scale model can simulate the coverage changes as accurately as using a comprehensive spatial simulation model.  相似文献   

18.
In this paper, the process behind the making of the Boerenhof Park on an urban Waiting Space in Ghent (Belgium) is discussed. We are highlighting how in this case ‘tactical urbanism’ actions, such as planting a tree, turned out to have a long-term impact and as such can inform a ‘tactical urban planning’ approach. Through a learning by reflection method, the Boerenhof Park case has been re-analysed using a conceptual framework built up around the concepts of ‘scratch’, ‘scar’ and ‘score’. The focus was on discerning the transgressional elements for moving from short-term interventions to long-term change. Three key aspects are brought to light: the incremental approach, a desire-driven program, and a transversal collaboration. We argue that these are key aspects for the operationalisation of a tactical urban planning approach.  相似文献   

19.
南瓜银叶突变体48a是在嫩食型中国南瓜中分离筛选到的稳定遗传自交系,银色叶不仅可以作为标记性状应用到育种中,还可为南瓜抗虫、抗病、耐寒等一系列研究提供重要的材料基础。笔者对银叶突变体的表型特征及叶片的解剖结构进行鉴定分析,发现植株整体长势、熟性与野生型无明显差异;成熟叶片正面全部呈银灰色,叶绿素含量明显降低,叶片上表皮细胞与栅栏细胞间明显剥离,存在明显的空隙。利用突变体48a和野生型49a南瓜自交系构建的六世代遗传群体,调查发现F2的绿叶与银叶符合3∶1的分离比,回交群体BC1P1分离比符合1∶1,表明南瓜银色叶性状由单隐性基因控制。  相似文献   

20.
新疆野生苹果表型多样性研究   总被引：18，自引：2，他引：16  
对中国新疆霍城野生苹果林进行了性状调查,结果表明:各性状均普遍存在多样性,性状变异系数大部分大于0.2％,充分表现出变异具有一定的广度和宽度。其中抗逆性和冠密度2个性状处于显著变异状态,不同生态条件影响了各个性状的变异系数大小和百分率的多少,群体中存在着多样性。通过聚类分析证明性状变异与野生苹果分布地点有较大关系。新疆野生苹果所处的生态条件复杂,遗传变异类型丰富,整个野生群体可以看作是该树种的基因库,是苹果中不可再造的宝贵种质资源。  相似文献   

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