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1.
Paeonia ‘Yang Fei Chu Yu’ is one of the most popular and commercially valuable cultivars of herbaceous peony. The study was performed to explore propagation techniques by cuttings for the nursery industry. Results showed that the stem cuttings pretreated with 2000 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in quick-dip method got the best rooting traits (rooting percentage is 86.7%, root number is 23.1 and root length per rooted cutting is 6.4 cm). Therefore pre-treatment with 2000 mg L−1 IBA is recommended. 相似文献
2.
Continuous and rapidly proliferating axillary shoots were raised from axillary buds in secondary branches of adult field culms and nursery grown 1-year-old tissue culture-raised plants of Bambusa vulgaris ‘Striata’. Shoots continuously proliferated in a MS medium containing 4 mg L−1 6-benzyladenine (BA). The effects of indole butyric acid (IBA) levels, a pretreatment with thidiazuron (TDZ) (1-phenyl-1-([1,2,3-thidiazol-5-yl])urea) and illumination on rooting, were investigated after 6 months of shoot proliferation. A rooting medium with IBA at 3 mg L−1 was optimum for root induction. Shoots of adult field culms that were proliferated in the presence of BA when induced to root in this medium resulted in 40% rooting in 27 days. In vitro shoots raised from 1-year-old tissue cultured plants showed 92% rooting under the same conditions. Rooting was enhanced when the relatively difficult-to-root in vitro shoots from adult field culms were pretreated with 0.5 mg L−1 TDZ for two to three subcultures before placing in the root induction medium. Continuously illuminated shoots pretreated with TDZ for three subcultures showed 100% rooting compared to 83% rooting of shoots that were exposed to a 12 h photoperiod. These findings have been applied in the large-scale propagation of this species. 相似文献
3.
A protocol for clonal propagation of Rosa clinophylla, a rare and endangered species but very important for breeding purposes had been standardized through in vitro axillary bud culture. Although cytokinins alone were able to induce shoot buds, but their proper growth and number could be increased only when they were used in combination with GA3. However, there was shoot tip necrosis and leaf fall in the proliferated shoots. AgNO3 at 58.85 μM proved effective to avoid shoot necrosis and yellowing of leaves. Activated charcoal (AC) at 250 mg l−1 was found necessary at all the stages of shoot multiplication as well as rooting. Ninety percent rooting could be achieved in 1/2 MS medium supplemented with 4.92 μM IBA and 250 mg l−1 AC. Rooted plantlets were hardened and transferred to the field successfully with 80% survival rate. 相似文献
4.
As a precondition for lilac mass propagation, the optimal shoot-multiplication medium for Syringa × hyacinthiflora ‘Luo Lan Zi’ was ascertained mainly based on clustered microshoot inducement and large leaf area establishment in 6-benzyladenine (BAP) (1.00 mg L−1) and zeatin (Z) (0.10 mg L−1) combination. Medium supplied with lower level of BAP (0.50 mg L−1) and auxin (IAA) (0.25 mg L−1) was not suitable for lilac shoot proliferation, but it could be competent for long-term preservation of the un-rooted shoots so that subsequent proliferation culture could be carried out at anytime. In addition, excess height growth which resulted in low transplanting survival rate was effectively controlled by decrease in node number when paclobutrazol (PBZ) was applied in rooting medium at a concentration of 1.00 mg L−1 after taking into account the effects on shoot height, rooting, persistent leaf area and PBZ carry-over. An important overwintering treatment was to use a plastic chamber covering for plants in the greenhouse prior to field planting to ensure adequate biomass of stem and underground parts not only in the current growing season but also in the subsequent years. 相似文献
5.
Francisco de Assis Alves Mourão Filho Eduardo Augusto GirardiHilton Thadeu Zarate do Couto 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
‘Swingle’ citrumelo [Citrus paradisi MacFaden × Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Raf.] has been extensively used as a rootstock in several citrus growing regions of the World, including Southern Brazil where ‘Rangpur’ lime (Citrus limonia Osbeck) is still the predominant variety despite being affected by several important pathogens. In this case, ‘Swingle’ citrumelo is used to produce nursery trees to establish new orchards or to be inarched in adult and healthy groves in order to change the rootstock. We report herein a system to produce trees on ‘Swingle’ citrumelo more rapidly by budding onto non-rooted cuttings, as well as assessing potential to rapidly multiply ‘Swingle’ through rooting of non-budded cuttings. Therefore, two potential products are described: budded trees and rooted rootstock cuttings. ‘Valencia’ sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] was budded at different heights on cuttings derived from eight-month old rootstocks. Grafted and additional non-budded cuttings were then treated with indole-3-butyric acid (500 mg L−1) or left untreated before rooting. Three types of cuttings were evaluated: softwood, semi-hardwood and hardwood. The use of nursery trees derived from pre-budded hardwood cuttings of ‘Swingle’ citrumelo is an alternative grafting method on this cultivar. Softwood cuttings with one leaf pair were considered the most adequate material for rapid multiplication of ‘Swingle’ citrumelo by cutting. This could be particularly useful for inarching production or conventional budding after transplant of cutting-derived rootstocks. 相似文献
6.
Root regeneration in shoot tip cuttings responds to graduated nitrogen (N) fertilization of stock plants. In pelargonium cuttings, reduced carbohydrate reserves caused by high N absorption by the donor plants and post-harvest storage of cuttings limit adventitious root formation, especially in low-light environments. In contrast, in chrysanthemum, similar carbohydrate reserves do not have this dominant effect on rooting capacity. The positive correlation between rooting capacity and internal N status is stable across a wide range of environments and is genotypically consistent for this species. However, the influence of N and carbohydrates on adventitious rooting of Euphorbia pulcherrima is unknown. We investigated the consequences of different N fertilization regimens applied to E. pulcherrima stock plants and cold and dark storage of the cuttings on N absorption, carbohydrate distribution, and rooting capacity of cuttings. Increasing time of stock plant cultivation with graduated N nutrition produced cuttings with N contents, ranging from 19 to 51 mg N g−1 dry mass (DM). High N absorption resulted in low carbohydrate concentrations in cuttings, and subsequent storage decreased carbohydrate concentrations further, particularly in stems. Lower sucrose contents in leaves were correlated with reduced rooting of stored cuttings at a particular harvest date. However, despite the lower carbohydrate levels, root numbers and lengths correlated positively with internal N concentrations. These relationships remained stable in unstored and stored cuttings, even when overall rooting intensity was reduced under lower natural light during autumn. Multivariate regressions accounting for nitrogen content, sucrose content and daily light integral during rooting highlighted these relationships and explained up to 79% of rooting variances. We conclude N nutrition of stock plants and N absorption by cuttings are the dominant factors determining the rooting capacity of poinsettia when rooting occurs under sufficient light, as is commonly available during propagation. To maximize rooting capacity of poinsettia cuttings their nitrogen content should exceed a threshold of 40 mg N g−1 DM. 相似文献
7.
Several factors contributing to the successful rooting of stem cuttings of four peach clones and one almond × peach hybrid under intermittent mist were tested. With the almond × peach cross, leaf-bud cuttings were also tested.Severe cutting back of adult peach mother trees in winter favoured rooting of the cuttings, but less severe cutting back induced maximum roots per cutting.For short periods vermiculite was found to be a suitable medium. Sand alone or mixed with vermiculite or gravel gave poor results. Gravel alone or mixed with vermiculite was intermediate. For growing the rooted cuttings for a longer period, a mixture of perlite and peat was very suitable.A period of illumination of 3 h starting at midnight with incandescent light improved rooting of peach cuttings in August and October, but not in June.With cuttings obtained from old fruit-bearing peach trees highest rooting rates were obtained in July, but best root development occurred when rooting was carried out in October. In July rooting rate of basal cuttings was much higher than that of terminal ones. Success with leaf-bud cuttings (including a small branch piece) obtained from young mother trees of the almond × peach hybrid was only achieved at the end of May or in June.Dipping the base of peach cuttings in water before rooting was of advantage with one cultivar rooted in September, but of no advantage with another cultivar rooted in June.When the base of stem cuttings was dipped for a prolonged period in IBA solutions of various concentrations, highest rooting rates were obtained with 25–50 ppm IBA for peaches and with 200 ppm for the almond × peach hybrid. The addition of Phygon XL to this solution was of some advantage for peach cuttings. The concentration inducing maximum root development was higher than that required for maximum rooting and callusing. The optimal IBA concentration for rooting of almond × peach leaf-bud cuttings was 100 ppm.Penetration of the IBA into the leaf-bud cuttings reached a maximum 45 min a after floating them on a 100 ppm solution.Transplanting cuttings which had been rooted under mist was somewhat difficult; however, high rates of survival were obtained with cuttings planted in September which had developed a good root system. 相似文献
8.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar boron and calcium application after harvest on the quantity and activity of pollen in the ‘Housui’ and ‘Wonwhang’ pears on a subsequent year. Pollen grains of the ‘Housui’ pear were cultured on germination medium, to which had been added boric acid (0, 25, 75, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg L−1) and calcium nitrate (0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 400, and 500 mg L−1). Boric acid, which was added to the germination media, exerted a significant stimulatory effect on both pollen germination and pollen tube growth, although pollen tube growth was inhibited at higher concentrations than 300 mg L−1. Calcium nitrate addition stimulated pollen germination, except at concentration of 500 mg L−1. However, pollen tube growth was significantly inhibited with increasing concentrations of calcium nitrate. In the orchard experiment, boron and calcium were sprayed at concentrations of 0, 100, 200, 500 or 1000 mg L−1 onto leaves after harvest, respectively. Boron and calcium content in the tissues as well as pollen production and growth were determined after these treatments. The foliar application of boron mainly resulted in an increase of boron concentration in buds. It also induced an increase in the weight of the anther and pollen in the following year. On the other hand, the foliar application of calcium resulted in an increase of calcium concentration mainly in the leaves, but pollen weight was decreased at high concentration treatment in the following year. The germination rate and tube growth of collected pollen were highest in the trees which had received boron treatment at a concentration of 200 mg L−1. In contrast, the germination rate and tube growth of collected pollen were decreased by calcium application at concentrations of 500 and 1000 mg L−1 without significant increase at lower concentrations. Consequently, the accumulation of boron in the developed buds of pear trees subjected to post-harvest foliar boron application generated positive effects on both the quantity and quality of pollen in the following year. 相似文献
9.
Kosteletzkya virginica, a perennial dicot halophytic species of the Malvaceae, is native to American salt marsh. It was introduced into China as a potential species to improve coastal wetlands and to develop ecologically sound saline agriculture. K. virginica adapts excellently to the tidal-flat habitats in China's east coast, with multiple eco-benefits; in particular, its seed oil could be used to produce biodiesel. The purpose of this study was thus to develop a standardized protocol to induce a high frequency of callus and subsequent plantlet regeneration system for a K. virginica breeding program with the final objective of applying transgenic techniques to improve seed oil yield. The embryonic axes of K. virginica were used as explants for callus induction, shoot induction from the callus and then adventitious root induction from the shoots on nine culture media with different hormone combinations. The best results were achieved on the following media: (1) 93.94% callus induction on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L−1 indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 0.3 mg L−1 kinetin, 30 g L−1 sucrose and 8 g L−1 agar; (2) 65.83% shoot induction on 1/2MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg L−1 IAA, 0.5 mg L−1 zeatin, 30 g L−1 sucrose and 8 g L−1 agar; (3) 96.67% rooting on MS medium containing 30 g L−1 sucrose and 8 g L−1 agar. The survival rate of plantlets by organogenic regeneration was 85% after being transplanted into potting soil in flowerpots and placed in the greenhouse. This experiment indicates that we established successful callus induction and plant regeneration protocols for K. virginica. 相似文献
10.
The effects of application method and concentration of gibberellic acid (GA3), paclobutrazol and chlormequat on black iris performance were assessed. Plants (10 cm high, 4 ± 1 leaves) were sprayed with 125, 250, 375 or 500 mg L−1 or drenched with 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg L−1 GA3. In a second experiment, the plants were sprayed with 100, 250, 500 or 1000 mg L−1 or drenched with 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg L−1 paclobutrazol. Other plants were sprayed with 250, 500, 1000 or 1500 mg L−1 or drenched with 100, 250, 375 or 550 mg L−1 chlormequat. In each experiment, the control treatment consisted of untreated plants. Results indicated that the tallest plants (37.3 cm) in the GA3 experiment were those sprayed with 250 mg L−1. The most rapid flowering (160 days after planting) occurred when a 375 mg L−1 GA3 spray was used, whereas flowering was delayed to 200 days using 1 mg L−1 GA3 drench. Drenching with 1 mg L−1 GA3 increased height of the flower stalk by 7 cm compared to the control. Though relatively slow to flower, plants drenched with 1 mg L−1 GA3 had long and rigid stalks, which were suitable as cut flowers. Number and characteristics of the sprouts were not affected by GA3. All paclobutrazol sprays resulted in leaf falcation. A 500 or 1000 mg L−1 paclobutrazol spray resulted in severe and undesirable control of plant height, drastic reduction in stalk height and weight, and delayed flowering. Plants drenched with 0.25 or 1 mg L−1 paclobutrazol were suitable as pot plants. Chlormequat reduced plant height only at the highest drench concentration, which also reduced flowering to 70%. No leaf falcation was observed with GA3 or chlormequat. Chemical names: ( ± )-(R*,R*)-beta-((4-chlorophenyl)methyl)-alpha-(1,1,-dimethylethyl)-1H-1,2,4,-triazol-1-ethanol (paclobutrazol); (2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride (chlormequat). 相似文献
11.
There has been an increased demand for landscaping plants in Lebanon as a result of numerous reconstruction projects. Sustainable landscape regulations have created a need for regionally adapted taxa, especially those with low water requirements. Therefore, water use of container-grown plants and the impact of fertilization on water use were studied in the following native species: Cercis siliquastrum L. (six mother trees), Malus trilobata Schneid (two mother trees) and Acer syriacum Boin and Gaill (one tree). Two-year-old containerized seedlings were grown at The Ohio State University (Columbus, USA) under two fertilizer rates: 25 or 100 mg N L−1 of 21 N–3.1 P–5.9 K water soluble fertilizer. Water use estimates were made by saturating the containers early in the morning, allowing them to drain for 1 h, weighing them and re-weighing approximately 5 h later. Although there were differences in seedling heights, those grown at 25 mg N L−1 were taller than those at 100, there were few differences in water use per seedling. In August, Cercis seedlings grown under 100 mg N L−1 had higher height adjusted water use (g water cm−1 height h−1, a method for standardizing water use among different sized plants) than those grown under 25 mg L−1. However, there were no differences in height adjusted water use in September attributed to fertilizer rates. In September, Acer seedlings had higher water use cm−2 leaf surface area under 25 than 100 mg N L−1. There were no differences in water use among the progeny from the six Cercis mother trees. However, the seedlings from one Malus tree had higher water use cm−2 leaf surface area than those from the other tree, even though the extant trees were separated by less than 20 m. 相似文献
12.
Ethychlozate (ethyl 5-chloro-1H-3-indazolylacetate, Figaron) was applied to 12-year-old ‘Jiefangzhong’ (a high-acid cultivar) loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) trees at 0 (control), 75, 150 and 250 mg L−1 on March 19th, 90 days after flowering. To determine pulp titratable acidity (TA), organic acid concentration and acid-metabolizing enzyme activity, fruits were collected at 0, 13, 25, 42 and 49 days after treatments (DAT), when fruits were ripe. Malate was the major organic acid determining loquat pulp acidity. Ethychlozate was very effective in reducing pulp malate concentration, thus decreasing pulp acidity. The best result for reducing acidity (malate) was obtained when ethychlozate was applied at 250 mg L−1. The ethychlozate-treated pulp showed lower phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and NAD-malate dehydrogenase (NAD-MDH) activities through the experimental period, but higher or similar NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) from 25 to 49 DAT compared to non-sprayed control. The reduction in malate concentration in the ethychlozate-treated pulp was probably caused by decreased malate biosynthesis and increased malate degradation. 相似文献
13.
Duong Tan Nhut Truong Thi Thuy AnNguyen Thi Dieu Huong Nguyen Trinh DonNguyen Thanh Hai Nguyen Quoc ThienNguyen Hong Vu 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
An unique procedure for the mass shoot propagation of Gerbera using receptacle transverse thin cell layer (tTCL) culture procedure was developed. Genotype, flower bud age, explant size, position of receptacle tTCLs and culture media were found to affect the success of culture. Ten interspecific crosses of Gerbera showed different shoot regeneration rates and callus induction via receptacle tTCL culture, all of which had shoot regeneration rates higher than 57%. Flower buds collected on the 10th day resulted in 91% shoot regeneration after 6 weeks of culture on basal MS medium [Murashige, T., Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassay with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant. 15, 475–497] supplemented with 0.02 mg l−1 thidiazuron (TDZ), 0.8 mg l−1 adenine and 10% (v/v) coconut water (CW). This was significantly higher than those from flower buds on the 7th and 14th days (22% and 54%), respectively. Shoot regeneration rate was the highest (94–100%) in the middle layers of the receptacle. For mass shoot propagation, shoot clusters were subcultured on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 0.5 mg l−1 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 2.0 mg l−1 kinetin after every 4 weeks. Plantlets formed when single shoots were cultured on half-strength MS medium containing 1 mg l−1 IBA. All plantlets acclimatized well in the greenhouse. 相似文献
14.
The objective of this study is to establish plant regeneration system with the seed of the new Chinese selection “E-126”of centipedegrass [Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro.) Hack] as explant. In present study, the following results were obtained: (1) The medium formulation most suitable for calluses induction was identified to be MS with 1.0 mg l−1 2,4-D + 30 g l−1 mannitol + 50 ml l−1 coconut milk and the ratio of calluses induction was 96.0%, including 5.2% of yellow granule calluses induction. The above medium formulation was adopted for subculture. (2) The rate of shoot regeneration from yellow granular calluses was 98.0% by MS optimum medium formulation with 2.0 mg l−1 KT + 50 ml l−1 coconut milk. The differentiated rate retained as high as 88.0% even after 5 times of subculture and 18.6% after 15 times of subculture. The optimum medium formulation for shoot growth was identified to be MS medium plus 2.0 mg l−1 BAP, 0.8 mg l−1 NAA and 50 ml l−1 coconut milk. (3) The optimum medium for shoot rooting was identified to be MS medium with 0.6 mg l−1 NAA + 50 ml l−1 coconut milk, and the rooting rate to be 98.0%. The survival rate of transplanted plantlets from tubes to basin with soil was 92.0%. In conclusion, the plant regeneration system was successfully developed in this study, which may provide basic reference for screening of somaclonal variants and genetic transformation of centipedegrass. 相似文献
15.
The influence of IAA (1.0 mg dm−3), and IBA (1.16 mg dm−3), on the development of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium × covilleanum But. et Pl.) ‘Herbert’ in vitro shoot cultures was examined. Depending on the kind of auxin and 2iP concentration in vitro cultures consisted of various number of axillary (AX) and adventitious (AD) shoots. Three different categories of AD shoots were found: leaf shoots (AD-L), node-adjoin shoots (AD-P), and base-adjoin shoots (AD-M, madshoots). The AX shoots were the least habituated (towards auxins, cytokinins and vitamins) whereas the AD-M shoots (madshoots) the most. In comparison to IAA, IBA caused dying or callusing higher number of initial explants. However, IBA generally suppressed development of AD shoots, especially madshoots whereas slightly weakened multiplication of AX shoots. IBA significantly enhanced elongation of AX shoots also. Axillary shoots obtained on IBA-media had relative long internodes and rigid, well-developed leaves. The adventitious shoots, especially base-adjoin (AD-M) ones, were easily distinguishable as were more thin and fragile, more or less vitrified, and had short internodes and smaller, sometimes unfolded leaves. Development of blueberry in vitro cultures on auxin-free and IAA-supplemented media was similar. AX shoots grown on such media resembled AD shoots. 2iP applied in higher doses along with IAA promoted much proliferation of AD than AX shoots. In contrast, 2iP applied in higher doses together with IBA stimulated significantly only growth of AX shoots whereas in general, development of adventitious shoots was not affected. Micropropagation carried out through routine method based on subculturing of shoot explants or shoot clumps on the medium supplemented with IAA (4 mg dm−3) and 2iP (10–15 mg dm−3) as well as stimulation of shoot elongation on the blank medium causes in fact the propagation of highbush blueberry through highly habituated adventitious madshoots. Replacement of IAA by IBA facilitates micropropagation of highbush blueberry cv. Herbert through axillary shoots. 相似文献
16.
It is well understood that insufficient oxygen within plant root zones can greatly diminish plant productivity. However, little is known about the effect of elevated root zone oxygen concentrations. Tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum Mill., cv. Trust) seedlings were grown in nutrient solutions containing dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration ranging from 5.3 to 40 mg L−1 for 4 weeks. There were no visible symptoms observed on the leaves or stems in any of the treatments. Leaf chlorophyll content was higher in the 40 mg L−1 treatment than with 20 and 30 mg L−1 DO treatments. Two weeks from the start of the experiment, roots in the 40 mg L−1 treatment exhibited stunted growth, became thicker, and had fewer side and fine roots compared to roots in the lower levels of DO treatment. Almost all the measured growth parameters (fresh and dry weights of root, stem, and leaf, leaf area, stem diameter) were significantly reduced in plants grown in the 40 mg L−1 treatment compared to plants in the lower level of DO treatments, except that the plant height increased with the increasing DO concentration. Root respiration increased linearly with increasing DO concentration; however, there was no effect on leaf net CO2 exchange rate. It is suggested that it was safe to enrich root zone DO to as high as 30 mg L−1, although the growth benefit was minor by increasing DO from ambient air saturated level (∼8.5 mg L−1) to 30 mg L−1. Higher than 30 mg L−1 could cause reduction in tomato plant growth. 相似文献
17.
Fusarium mairei, a paclitaxel-producing fungal endophyte, its effects on taxoid synthesis in Taxus cells were investigated via adding the fungal endophyte culture supernatants (FECS) to the suspension cultures of Taxus cuspidata. The concentration of FECS was determined on its total carbohydrate. When 100 mL of Taxus cell suspension cultures were treated with several dosages of FECS (4, 6 and 8 g) at day10, the cultures treated with 6 g FECS produced the highest yield of paclitaxel (5.84 mg L−1), which was 1.8-fold the yield from controls (3.14 mg L−1). The major elicitor element in FECS was an oligosaccharide of 2 kDa. In addition, the cultures treated with 6 g FECS resulted in 25.86 mg L−1 of the precursor 10-deacetylbaccatin III (10-DAB) accumulation, which was 11 times that of control cultures (2.32 mg L−1), and 4.7 times higher than that of cultures treated with 200 μM methyl jasmonate (MJ) (5.43 mg L−1). These results indicate that FECS favors to stimulate 10-DAB accumulation more effectively than paclitaxel accumulation. 相似文献
18.
Moreno Toselli Elena BaldiGiovambattista Sorrenti Maurizio QuartieriBruno Marangoni 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
We assessed the effect of soil-applied derivatives of melia (Melia azedarach L.) and neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) on nitrogen (N) soil availability, root uptake and peach (Prunus persica L.) growth. First we evaluated the effectiveness of experimentally prepared amendments made with fresh ground melia leaves or commercial neem cake incorporated into the soil as nitrification inhibitors, then we evaluated the effect of fresh ground melia fruits and neem cake on growth and N root uptake of potted peach trees, and on soil microbial respiration. Soil-applied fresh ground melia leaves at 10 and 20 g kg−1 of soil as well as commercial neem cake (10 g kg−1) were ineffective in decreasing the level of mineral N after soil application of urea-N as a source of mineral N, rather they increased soil concentration of nitric N and ammonium N. The incorporation into the soil of fresh ground melia fruits (at 20 and 40 g kg−1) and neem cake (at 10 and 20 g kg−1) increased N concentration in leaves of GF677 peach × almond (Prunus amygdalus) hybrid rootstock alone or grafted with one-year-old variety Rome Star peach trees. An increase in microbial respiration, leaf green color and plant biomass compared to the control trees were also observed. The Meliaceae derivatives did not affect, in the short term (7 days), N root uptake efficiency, as demonstrated by the use of stable isotope 15N, rather they promoted in the long term an increase of soil N availability, N leaf concentration and plant growth. 相似文献
19.
To produce mass propagules of Oncidium ‘Sugar Sweet’, we tested the feasibility of producing protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) using 5 l balloon type air-lift bioreactors, and selected an optimal culture medium for shooting and rooting in vitro. The results showed that liquid bioreactor cultures were more efficient for PLBs proliferation when compared to solid- and liquid-agitated flask cultures. The maximum PLBs biomass (326.3 g per bioreactor, FW) was obtained in the immersion bioreactor culture, with the growth ratio reaching 10.9 after 50 days of culture. This was obviously higher than the ebb and flood bioreactor culture. During bioreactor culture, sucrose and electric conductivity (EC) in the culture medium were negatively correlated with PLBs growth; the highest PLBs fresh and dry biomass was obtained 40 days after culture. An inoculation density of 20 g (FW) was optimal for PLBs growth in a 3 l working volume of 5 l bioreactor. Furthermore, MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l−1 BA for shooting and 0.5 mg l−1 IBA for rooting was optimal during in vitro culture, the plantlets were successfully established in the potting substrate. 相似文献
20.
A protocol was developed for direct shoot and plantlet regeneration from in vitro regenerated leaf explants of male Pistacia vera L. cv. ‘Atl?’. Leaves excised from axenic shoot cultures of pistachio were used to induce organogenesis on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with Gamborg vitamins supplemented with combinations of different concentrations of BAP and IAA. The highest adventitious shoot regeneration in 35% of the explants, with the number of shoots ranging from 2 to 3 per explant, occurred in the explants cultured during the establishment phase in the medium with 1 mg l−1 IAA and 2 mg l−1 BAP. For shoot multiplication, the highest number of new microshoot/explants (5.76) was obtained in a culture medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 BAP, but it was not significantly different from the number obtained at 2 mg l−1 BAP. A high rooting frequency (84%) for microshoots was recorded on a medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 IBA. In vitro rooted plantlets were transferred to pots filled with a mixture of soil, sand and peat (1:1:1). They were weaned in a growth room and finally moved to a greenhouse. This protocol could be utilized for in vitro clonal propagation of this economically important plant. 相似文献