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Although carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is of great economic importance little is still known about the pattern of genetic variation within this species. Morphological characteristics based on 31 fruit and seeds of continuous characters determinant for agro-industrial uses, were compared with RAPD and AFLP markers for assessing genetic distances in 68 accessions of carob trees, from different cultivars, varieties and eco-geographic regions of Algarve. Eighteen selected RAPD primers applied to the 68 accessions produced a total of 235 fragments ranging from 200 to 2000 bp, of which 93 (40%) were polymorphic. Four AFLP selective primer combinations generated a total of 346 amplification fragments of which 110 were polymorphic. The average level of polymorphism based on four primer combinations was 31.8%. The phenetic trees based on RAPD and AFLP analyses gave high co-phenetic correlation values, and were found to be consistent in general with the analysis of morphological data, carried out on the same accessions. A number of RAPD and AFLP markers were found to be diagnostic for ‘Canela’ cultivar and 13 wild ungrafted trees. 相似文献
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黄皮种质资源果实性状多样性分析及其数量分类研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
为深入了解黄皮(Clausena lansium)种质资源果实性状的多样性,根据《黄皮种质资源描述规范和数据标准》,对农业部广州黄皮种质资源圃中保存的96份黄皮种质果实性状进行观测,并结合Q型聚类、R型聚类和主成分分析等方法开展数量分类研究。结果表明,22个描述型性状,平均每个性状的变异类型达3.4个,其中种子形状的变异类型最为丰富,为6个。16个数量性状中,穗粒数的变异系数最大,为58.78%;种子侧径的变异系数最小,为6.34%。Q型聚类分析将96份种质在欧氏距离19.84处分为4个类群,类群内的种质资源以果穗性状、果实大小和果实风味聚类;R型聚类分析将38个果实性状在相关系数1.45时分为4组,多数性状表现两两相关;主成分分析结果表明,第1、第2主成分解释的总变异为28.16%,其分析结果与聚类分析基本一致。 相似文献
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为探讨湖南辣椒品种主要农艺性状与产量间的相关性,以湖南本地16个辣椒品种为材料,采用完全随机区组设计进行田间鉴定,分析产量与主要农艺性状的相关性系数及通径分析系数。试验结果表明,湖南的主要辣椒品种间产量、株高等8个性状具有丰富的遗传变异,有选育价值;鲜果产量与果宽、单果鲜质量、单株挂果数均呈显著正相关;农艺性状对辣椒鲜果总产量的直接贡献依次为:单株挂果数(0.648)单果鲜质量(0.629)果宽(0.511)果长(0.328)果肉厚(0.304)果柄长(-0.014)株高(-0.105)。 相似文献
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蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状精准评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为深入了解蚕豆种质资源种子表型性状特征及相关性,以防虫网隔离纯化1代的554份国内外蚕豆种质资源为试材,利用相关分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法,对采用数码考种仪获得的种子表型性状进行了综合分析。结果表明:供试蚕豆种质资源种子表型变异范围广,遗传多样性丰富,以百粒重的变异最大;百粒重、种子投影面积、周长、粒长、粒宽和直径这6个表型性状之间具有较高的相关性,相关系数均大于0.80且达到了极显著水平;对8个数量性状进行主成分分析,前3个主成分的贡献率分别为74.60%、23.09%和1.70%,累计贡献率达到99.39%,几乎覆盖参试种子数量性状的全部信息,上述6个表型性状的变异对第1主成分贡献较大,均为籽粒大小性状;聚类分析将所有参试材料聚为3类,与播期和地理来源有一定相关性。基于种子表型性状的综合分析,筛选出11份具有近圆形种子、适宜全程机械化种植和8份具有高产潜力的优异蚕豆资源。 相似文献
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辣椒品种主要农艺性状的相关性和主成分分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以吉林农业大学园艺学院蔬菜教研室收集的47份辣椒种质为材料,对其16个主要农艺性状进行相关性及主成分分析。分析结果表明,在相关性上,果实横径、果肉厚与产量呈极显著正相关;单株结果数与单果质量相互制约。品质育种上应注意对小果型品种的选择,其营养物质含量高,辣椒素含量较高。主成分分析上,前7个主成分的累计贡献率大于85%,说明前7个主成分就可以基本表达原16个农艺性状所代表的遗传特征。前7个主成分主要包括产量因子、株型因子、营养品质因子、单株果数因子和熟性因子,大致代表了供试辣椒品种的综合指标。 相似文献
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A. Omrani-Sabbaghi M. Shahriari M. Falahati-Anbaran S.A. Mohammadi A. Nankali M. Mardi B. Ghareyazie 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007
To study the genetic variation in Iranian olive collections and some foreign olive cultivars, 47 accessions of 18 local cultivars from 6 olive collections of Iran (Roudbar, Zanjan, Ahvaz, Dezful, Kazeroon and Shiraz), were analyzed along with 30 imported cultivars using 16 microsatellite primer pairs. All the used microsatellite loci revealed polymorphism in the studied genotypes, except GAPU14 and GAPU113 markers. Fourteen microsatellite primers amplified 126 polymorphic alleles in the 87 selected olive accessions. The average number of alleles per locus was 9, ranging from 3 to 14. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.85. The genetic similarity based on Jaccard coefficient ranged from 0.15 to 1. The genetic relationships among accessions were investigated using cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). Most of the accessions with the same name were grouped together; some exceptions were also observed. As expected, close relationship was observed among accessions within same cultivar. Most of the Iranian olive accessions were clustered to a main distinct group. Two-dimensional scatter plot of principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of most of the Iranian olives from Syrian and other introduced cultivars. These suggest that Iranian cultivars have different origin related to West Mediterranean basin cultivars and have evolved independently from the others. Between and within Iranian and foreign cultivars (cultivars including three or more accessions) genetic diversity was analyzed using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). AMOVA revealed higher within cultivar genetic variation (62.76%) as compare to that between cultivar variations (37.24%). The intra- and inter-cultivar variance tested by permutation test showed significant genetic variation at both levels. The high level within cultivar genetic variance could be due to mislabeling and presence of homonyms in cultivars produced by vegetative propagation from original plants. 相似文献
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东北寒地96份李种质资源表型性状遗传多样性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了深入了解李（Prunus L.）种质资源表型性状的变异特点和多样性,按照《李种质资源描述规范和数据标准》,对黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院李资源圃内保存的96份寒地李种质资源20个描述型表型性状进行观测和描述,对16个数量型表型性状进行相关性、聚类、主成分等分析。结果表明,20个描述型性状,共观测到66个变异类型,其中叶片形状、果皮颜色、果核形状等变异范围较大。Shannon-Wiener信息指数（H）和Simpson遗传多样性指数（D）变化范围分别为0.3768 ~ 1.3993和0.2188 ~ 0.7196,其中果皮颜色（H：1.2093,D：0.6814）、叶片形状（H：1.1227,D：0.5484）等性状多样性指数较高。16个数量型性状中,单果质量变异系数最大,为61.32%;果形指数变异系数最小,为8.72%。聚类分析将96份寒地李种质资源在欧式距离22处将各种质资源分为3大类群,其中第Ⅰ类可用于选育离核、抗性强的品种;第Ⅱ类可用于选育抗性强、丰产品种;第Ⅲ类可用于选育果大、可食率高、离核品种。主成分分析结果表明,前5个主成分累计贡献率达到78.191%,主要有果实纵径、果实横径、1年生枝粗等性状,主要反映了果实大小和枝条性状因子,果实性状对于东北寒地李种质资源表型性状变异的贡献率最大,一年生枝条次之。结合相关性分析结果,16个数量型性状可简化为果实纵径、果实横径、叶片宽、果核横径、果形指数、叶片长、1年生枝粗7个主要指标,提高了寒地李种质资源评价和选育鉴定工作的效率。性 相似文献
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Mohamed Mahmoud Sidina Mohammed El Hansali Nadia Wahid Aziz Ouatmane Abdelali Boulli Abdelmajid Haddioui 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009,123(1):110-116
The carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is an important economic resource for Morocco's rural populations. This species is used in reforestation actions and its cultivation in modern orchards is being undertaken to valorize marginal lands and substitute for drought sensitive species. However, little data is available on its intra-specific variability and its adaptability. Morphological characters of pods and seeds from 13 ecoregions of private-domesticated carob were used to assess phenotypic variation of this species. These stands extend from south-west to north-east and cover a wide range of Morocco's ecoregions. Pods length, width, thickness, seeds number, pulp weight, seeds yield and seeds length, width, thickness and weight were measured for 390 trees (30 trees per ecoregion). Statistically significant differences were found between ecoregions for all characters which were examined, what indicates a high phenotypic diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster of all ecoregions lead to identify two major and opposite groups (the northern ecoregions; and the central and south-western ecoregions). Ecoregions of the north of Morocco exhibited the largest and the thickest pods with the highest pulp weight while other ecoregions have relatively short pods but largest proportion of seed yield. Similarly, the northern ecoregions are characterized by the heaviest seeds. A correlation matrix between morphological characters, geographic parameters and precipitation exhibits a positive and a negative correlation of pods thickness and pulp weight with the latitude and the altitude, respectively. Seed yield and weight are negatively and positively correlated to pod width, pod thickness and pulp weight, respectively. In addition, seed weight is positively correlated with the latitude. The geographic pattern of the carob tree and its variability are discussed in this paper. 相似文献
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新疆野苹果性状的遗传变异及相关性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】为了深入了解新疆野苹果种质遗传选择潜力和探讨性状遗传相关关系,【方法】以300个新疆野苹果株系为试材,调查花、叶片和果实的13个性状,系统进行了性状相关、主成分和通径分析。【结果】结果表明,新疆野苹果13个性状均存在较大遗传变异,且在单果质量和果实Ca含量方面变异突出,具有良好的选择潜力;果实单果质量与果实纵径、果实横径、叶片长度、叶片宽度、叶柄长度呈极显著正相关,果实横径对单果质量直接促进作用最大,可溶性固形物含量、果实纵径、果形指数和叶片长度可作辅助选择性状。【结论】新疆野苹果各性状存在较大变异,性状间存在显著或极显著相关,具有良好的选择潜力。 相似文献
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30个猕猴桃品种(单株)主要果实品质特征的综合评价 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】通过开展猕猴桃品种(单株)果实品质特征的综合评价,为本地野生猕猴桃资源开发利用、品种选择和品种选育提供科学依据。【方法】以30个猕猴桃品种(单株)果实为材料,测定单果质量、果形指数,以及干物质、可溶性固形物、维生素C、总糖、总酸含量等主要果实品质性状,对其进行主成分分析、综合得分排序和系统聚类分析。【结果】不同猕猴桃品种(单株)果实品质性状差异明显,变异系数为10.95%~53.89%,其中维生素C含量变异程度最大,可溶性固形物含量变异程度最小。主成分分析提取了3个主成分,其累积贡献率为75.675%,根据主成分分析结果计算各品种(单株)综合得分并排序。聚类分析将30个猕猴桃品种(单株)分为5个类群,且主成分分析和聚类分析结果基本一致,红阳、翠玉、晚红、金红50、金桃、米良1号、东红、桂海4号、SZ-07、金艳的综合分值排名靠前,果实品质综合表现较好。【结论】30个猕猴桃品种(单株)的果实品质存在差异,此结果为宜昌猕猴桃产业可持续发展奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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Knowledge of genetic divergence among inbred lines is essential for cross breeding. The objectives of this study were to (1) analyze the level and character of genetic diversity in C. moschata accessions, and (2) classify the genetic divergence among inbred lines in C. moschata to assist in selection of parent genotypes for genetic improvement. Twenty agronomic characters were investigated and rich diversities were demonstrated among 39 inbred lines of C. moschata from China. Various degree correlations among these characters made it possible to summarize the diversities of the twenty characters into 3 major principal components: leaf, fruit and flesh quality factor. Forty-one inbred lines of pumpkin were clustered into four groups based on principal component data, which is more distinct for classification that based on the original data of the 20 characters. However, parent inbred lines whose hybrids displayed significant heterosis in fruit weight, soluble solid and fruit shape were located in different clusters or sub-clusters based on standardized original data. It was suggested that genotypes in the same clusters may represent members of one heterotic group. 相似文献
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对119份瓠瓜种质的8个主要果实性状进行了主成分分析与聚类分析。结果表明,119份瓠瓜种质的ShannonWeaver多样性信息指数在0.394 8~2.063 6之间,8个果实性状存在较广泛的遗传多样性,其中以果实形状、皮色和单瓜质量的多样性最丰富。主成分分析结果表明,第一、第二、第三、第四主成分的贡献率分别为37.24%、23.33%、14.71%、9.44%,其累计贡献率达到84.72%。聚类分析结果表明,可以将119份瓠瓜种质分为两大类群,分别包含62份和57份种质,其中第一大类群在品质和外观方面均表现较好,可作为瓠瓜育种的基础材料。 相似文献
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福建地方梨资源果实性状多样性分析及其数量分类研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
对保存的50份福建省地方梨资源的26个果实性状进行数据采集,分析果实性状的分布频率、变异系数和Shannon-Weaver指数,应用Q型和R型聚类分析法对种质和性状进行分类,并基于果实性状进行主成分分析。结果表明:(1)所收集种质的果实描述性状多样性丰富,以果点明显、果锈多、果面粗糙、果肉脆、风味酸甜、无涩味、果心小和成熟期为9月的种质居多,分别占92%、52%、54%、50%、50%、70%、54%和80%。(2)数量性状中维生素C含量变异系数(67.60%)最大,其次为可滴定酸含量(48.26%)、糖酸比(42.22%)和固酸比(41.14%)。(3)描述性状Shannon-Weaver指数范围0.324～1.660,其中颜色和形状较高,多样性最丰富,而数量性状Shannon-Weaver指数范围达1.698～2.074,表现出更丰富的多样性。(4)Q型聚类分析在欧式距离为14.71时将供试种质分为5个组,组内具有一定的特征,组间存在差异,但并未发现按地域聚类的趋势;R型聚类分析在相关系数1.236处将果实性状聚为5组,多数性状间表现两两相关,部分性状间逻辑相关性明显。(5)主成分分析发现前10个主成分反映86.545%的贡献率,各性状贡献率较为分散,性状变异具有多向性;第1主成分的正向增长有利于提高果实内在品质,而第2、4主成分的正向增长有利于提高果实外观品质,第3主成分负向增长有利于增大果实大小。 相似文献
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对11个黑莓品种果实和种子的性状进行了调查和统计分析。平均单果质量为(5.81±2.37)g,不同品种间存在较大差异,其中卡依娃果实最大,达到12.77g;黑莓的单果质量在不同成熟期呈现规律性变化,初熟期和盛熟期接近平均单果质量,始熟期高于平均单果质量10%,盛熟末期和终熟期低于平均单果质量;黑莓聚合果中的小核果数量和小核果平均质量分别为(70.53±14.65)个和(82.77±17.89)mg,其中卡依娃聚合果中的小核果数量最多、平均为108.12个,小核果的质量也最高、平均为117.32mg;黑莓聚合果大小与聚合果中的小核果数量和质量间存在显著或极显著的正相关;黑莓种子的平均千粒重为(3.71±0.72)g,不同品种间差异显著,其中三冠种子最大,无刺红种子最小;除卡依娃外其它品种黑莓的聚合果大小与种子大小间存在极显著的正相关。 相似文献
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以辽西地区26个野杏无性系为试材,采用变异性分析、方差分析以及主成分分析等方法,研究了其25个数量性状的变异特点,以期为野杏无性系的遗传多样性研究和良种选育提供重要参考依据。结果表明:19个数量性状呈正态分布;25个野杏无性系数量性状变异系数均值23%,其中22个数量性状的变异系数在10%以上,小枝长度变异系数最大,达64%,单果质量、单核质量、单仁质量的变异系数分别为24%、21%和18%,表明野杏无性系数量性状变异程度丰富,选择潜力较大。野杏无性系果实性状重复力普遍偏高,核仁主要性状重复力次之,树体主要数量性状重复力较二者偏低,均达到极显著水平;果核仁性状的重复力除单果质量、单核质量和仁厚分别为0.634、0.756和0.624外,其它指标皆在0.909以上,其中仁长重复力最高,达0.973。主成分分析结果表明,前6个主成分累积贡献率达83.50%,能够反映野杏无性系数量性状的大部分信息;其中第1主成分主要反映野杏果核仁等经济性状。 相似文献
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板栗主栽品种的遗传多样性及其亲缘关系分析 总被引：19，自引：2，他引：19
采用9 个酶系统的15 个同工酶位点, 对89 个板栗品种进行了遗传多样性分析, 并以品种间的遗传距离构建UPGMA 聚类图, 鉴别板栗品种和评价它们之间的遗传关系。结果表明: ( 1) 我国板栗主要产区遗传多样性较高, 如浙江、山东、湖北和江苏省; ( 2) 在供试的89 个板栗品种中, 除5 个品种外, 其它均可用多位点同工酶对其作专一性鉴定; ( 3) 基于品种间等位酶遗传距离的UPGMA 聚类图将山东、湖北、江苏以及河南的大部分板栗品种分别聚在一起, 体现了在遗传构成上同地域的板栗品种具有遗传关系相近的特征。 相似文献