共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 498 毫秒
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为了探明阿月浑子组织培养过程中的褐变机制,以阿月浑子组培丛生芽为外植体,在其继代培养基(1/2DKW)中分别添加抗褐变剂PVP和Cys,分析组培苗叶片、茎段和愈伤组织的总酚含量以及PPO、POD、PAL、C4H酶活性的变化,研究其与褐变的关系。结果表明,在一个继代培养周期内,愈伤组织中PPO活性呈增加趋势,而叶片和茎中PPO活性呈"V"字形变化。POD活性随继代时间增长而逐渐升高,继代28 d后开始下降,愈伤组织中POD活性变化范围较叶片和茎段中要高一个数量级。PAL活性总体呈下降趋势,而C4H酶活性在继代前期上升,继代14 d或21 d后下降。结合相关性分析可知,阿月浑子各组织的总酚含量与褐变率呈显著正相关,并且POD酶在促褐变反应中发挥主要作用。在实验中发现,PVP与Cys虽然对POD、PPO、CH4酶活性也有一定影响,但其主要是通过抑制PAL的酶活性,显著减少了组培苗和愈伤组织的酚类物质含量,从而降低褐变率。 相似文献
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山苍子繁殖材料外植体防褐变技术研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别从外植体处理和在培养基中加入褐变抑制剂两方面,进行山苍子外植体防褐变处理技术研究。研究结果表明,外植体冷处理有一定的降低褐变率的效果。接种前外植体在5℃下冷处理15 h的效果最好,褐变率降低11.67%;接种前在1 g/L PVP溶液中切割外植体也能减轻褐变,褐变率降低10%;接种前在无菌水中切割外植体,褐变率降低3.34%;在培养基中添加不同的褐变抑制剂,AC控制褐变的效果最好。在培养基中添加0.5 g/L AC时,褐变率降低18.89%,能够较好地控制山苍子外植体的褐变。 相似文献
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《中国园艺文摘》2009,25(7):179-180
梨外植体组培褐变的影响因子及预防措施 以鸭梨、黄金梨、阿巴特梨和杜梨为试材,对梨组培过程中影响外植体褐化的因素及防褐措施进行了研究。结果表明,品种、采样时期以及外植体内酚类物质含量等因素都显著地影响材料褐化率。抗褐剂试验表明,培养基中添加0．2g／L的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）或100mg／L抗坏血酸（Vc）,或将外植体在200mg／L抗坏血酸水溶液中浸泡30rain后接入添;gn2g／L活性炭的培养基,均能显著抑制鸭梨褐化的发生。低温试验表明,鸭梨外植体经4℃低温处理6h后接种,或接入初期在4℃低温中培养12～24h,褐化程度明显减轻。 相似文献
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《河北果树》2015,(5)
2013年进行了低温胁迫对葡萄砧木枝条抗寒性的影响试验。以8种葡萄砧木为试材,采用组织褐变法和恢复生长法,测定葡萄砧木在低温(-2、-15、-20、-25、-30、-35℃)胁迫下枝条韧皮部和木质部的褐变率、扦插愈伤、萌芽和生根率进行了观测。结果表明:各砧木品种的枝条韧皮部和木质部褐变程度均随温度的降低而逐渐加重,枝条不同组织的抗寒力差异明显,即木质部韧皮部。各低温胁迫下贝达枝条韧皮部和木质部褐变率最低,101和5BB韧皮部和木质部褐变率高;贝达、110R和188等萌芽及生根率始终处于较高水平,3309C始终处于较低水平。各砧木品种枯死率除3309C在-30℃,188在-25℃全部枯死,贝达、101、5BB和5C均在-35℃枯死率达100%。综合评价得出,贝达砧木抗寒性最强,3309C、110R、SO4、5C抗寒性较强,188、101和5BB抗寒性较弱;各品种能抵御的临界最低温度为-20℃。 相似文献
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降低苹果梨组培过程中外植体褐化的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为克服苹果梨组织培养过程中外植体的褐变现象,提高试验材料的成活率,试验以苹果梨1 a生营养枝嫩梢为试材,通过不同培养基配方、不同药剂处理及水培处理,探讨降低苹果梨外植体褐变的影响因素.结果表明:1/3 MS培养基中的外植体成活率较高;液体培养基较固体培养基对降低外植体的褐变的效果好;水培处理可有效降低外植体的褐变率;生长季节取材,随外植体木质化程度的加深,随水培期的延长,外植体的褐变率呈现先降低后上升的趋势,水培4 d 处理的外植体成活率最高;最佳取材时期为盛花后期,将材料水培6 d,在1/3 MS 6-BA 1.0 mg/L IBA 0.2 mg/L Vc 75 mg/L中获得83.3%的外植体成活率. 相似文献
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莲藕贮藏中褐变度及多酚氧化酶活性的初步研究 总被引：49，自引：0，他引：49
研究了不同温度、不同莲藕状态、不同褐变抑制剂处理对莲藕褐变度及多酚氧化酶活性的影响。实验结果表明，低温、节藕、抗坏血酸（０．２５％）＋柠檬酸（０．２％）和ＮａＨＳＯ３（０．０５％）＋柠檬酸（０．２％），莲藕褐变最轻。多酚氧化酶活性随时间的延长而减弱 相似文献
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梨外植体组培褐变的影响因子及预防措施 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以鸭梨、黄金梨、阿巴特梨和杜梨为试材,对梨组培过程中影响外植体褐化的因素及防褐措施进行了研究。结果表明,品种、采样时期以及外植体内酚类物质含量等因素都显著地影响材料褐化率。抗褐剂试验表明,培养基中添加0.2g/L的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)或100mg/L抗坏血酸(Vc),或将外植体在200mg/L抗坏血酸水溶液中浸泡30min后接入添加2g/L活性炭的培养基,均能显著抑制鸭梨褐化的发生。低温试验表明,鸭梨外植体经4℃低温处理6h后接种,或接入初期在4℃低温中培养12～24h,褐化程度明显减轻。 相似文献
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K. Mitsukuri G. MoriM. Johkan Y. ShimadaK.-I. Mishiba T. MorikawaMasayuki Oda 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
An efficient method of micropropagation was investigated for Ponerorchis graminifolia. Shoot apexes and florets with inflorescence nodes were used as explants for in vitro cultures. A high efficiency of bud formation was observed on half-strength MS medium containing 4.44 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.54 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) using florets from upper positions of inflorescences as explants. However, the explants frequently exuded browning compounds into the media during culture. Dark treatment, a countermeasure, decreased exudation of the browning compounds during floret culture. When shoot apexes from dark treated florets were used as an explant material after the floret culture, the dark-pretreated shoot apexes developed 2.2 buds per explant, compared with 1.2 buds per explant from light pretreated shoot apexes, and showed decreased exudation of browning compounds. These results suggest that the most suitable explants for bud formation in P. graminifolia are top florets and shoot apexes derived from the floret culture with dark treatment. 相似文献
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‘薄壳香’核桃组培中的褐化及防止措施研究 总被引：54，自引：0，他引：54
以‘薄壳香’核桃为试验材料, 对其组织培养过程中褐化的发生及防止措施作了探讨。结果证明: 褐化发生程度与培养温度、培养基中激素浓度和无机盐含量、外植体本身的生理状态等因素有关;较高培养温度、培养基中较高浓度无机盐、较高浓度激素及木质化程度高的外植体都会促进褐化的发生;培养基中加入抗氧化剂会抑制褐化的发生。 相似文献
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Hare Krishna R.K. Sairam S.K. Singh V.B. Patel R.R. Sharma Minakshi Grover Lata Nain A. Sachdev 《Scientia Horticulturae》2008
The in vitro performance of mango shoot culture is delimited by several factors, of which explant necrosis and media browning are considered as major constraints for successful exploitation of such an important commercial crop. Our results showed that source of explants had a significant effect on the performance of in vitro cultures of mango. The variations in survival of explants collected from glasshouse grown seedlings and field-grown stock plants indicated towards differences between their physiological/ontogenic age. Though, chronologically, both are young, the glasshouse grown shoots are ontogenetically younger and; therefore, responded better over field-grown shoots. Improved performance of explants harvested from mycorrhizal plants suggests integration of mycorrhizal biotechnology with tissue culture biotechnology in order to achieve better results as mycorrhiza being a well-known stress alleviator may help explants mitigate in vitro stresses. Furthermore, shoot tip explants of field-grown ‘Amrapali’ mango was assayed for their browning propensity at pre- and post-culture stages. Status of different bio-chemicals such as in vivo phenol, in vitro phenol exudation, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase as affected by various pre-treatments were estimated to establish the relationship of these bio-chemicals with necrosis of mango shoot cultures. The different pre-treatments comprised etiolation of newly emerged shoots (5–7 days old) of stock plants using black polythene for 7 days, etiolation treatment + agitation of explants in antioxidant solution (antioxidants: ascorbic acid at 100 mg l−1 + citric acid at 50 mg l−1), etiolation treatment + agitation of explants in polyvinylpyrrolidone solution (PVP) at 0.2% and non-etiolated control. Of these, explants treated with PVP proved to be superior to other treatments with regards to explant necrosis percentage as such explants exhibited least activities of phenols and oxidative enzymes. Correlation studies indicated existence of high positive correlation between explant necrosis and these bio-chemicals. 相似文献
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Pious Thomas M. B. Ravindra 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):713-722
SummaryAttempts to establish shoot tip culture in mango (Mangifera indica L.) genotypes ‘Alphonso’, ‘Totapuri’, ‘Banganapalli’ and ‘Arka Anmol’ indicated that the problems of phenolic exudation, medium discoloration and explant browning were interrelated and influenced by a number of factors including medium, genotype, explant, season and decontamination treatments. Less phenolic exudation and better explant survival were observed in ½MS medium than full MS and in semi-solid than in liquid medium. Among explant factors, age and shading of shoots, length, thickness and scaling injuries on explant and lower cut petioles coming in contact with medium were important, but not the age of tree and the number of leaves on the shoot. Use of charcoal was beneficial but other adsorbents, antioxidants, dark incubation and submerged culture were not advantageous. The effect of season was prominent with least phenolics, minimum microbial contamination, best explant survival and genotype dependent growth response in current season’s semimature shoots collected during June-August. Deep seated microbial contaminants could not be checked completely. A scheme for establishing in vitro culture is suggested. 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰组培中pH和温度对外植体褐化的影响 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
以蝴蝶兰R4品种叶片为外植体, 研究不同pH 培养基、培养温度对褐化率、多酚氧化酶( PPO) 活性和总酚含量的影响以及褐化率与PPO、总酚之间的相关性。结果表明: 培养基pH 6.5或培养温度20℃时外植体褐化率最低。在相同温度(25℃) 下, PPO活性、总酚含量高低并不与pH值大小成正比, 且褐化率与PPO无显著相关性, pH 5.0时, 褐化率与总酚含量显著相关; 在相同pH (6.0) 下, 温度越高, 褐化率越高, PPO活性越强, 总酚含量越高, 且20℃下, 褐化率与PPO、总酚含量分别达到极显著、显著相关, 30℃下, 褐化率与总酚含量显著相关。 相似文献
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蝴蝶兰外植体褐变发生与总酚含量、PPO、POD和PAL的关系 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：9
蝴蝶兰外植体在褐变发生前期PPO和POD活力皆升高, 褐变发生后酶活力下降。同工酶谱分析发现, 培养0 d的蝴蝶兰外植体PPO没有酶带出现, 而POD有1条弱带。离体培养2 d POD出现3条酶带, 第4天有新酶带Ⅰ发生, 随后消失, 其余3条带, 随培养天数的延长, 酶带活性渐弱。PPO同工酶谱在培养2 d出现3条酶带, 迁移率为0128的酶带Ⅲ在培养4 d活性较强, 随后3条酶带减弱。总酚含量和PAL活力随外植体褐变增强而逐渐增加, 两者呈现极显著正相关。 相似文献
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为提高组培苗的继代系数以及降低褐化率,进而为生根试验作基础,对阿月浑子组织培养试验中激素浓度的配此问题进行研究.运用正交设计、极差分析以及方差分析方法对阿月浑子组培苗诱导率、污染率、褐化率进行分析,试验结果表明:在茎段作为外植体的组培试验启动阶段中,最佳激素配比方案是6-BA 4.0 mg/L+IBA 0.05 mg/L+NAA0.02 mg/L;当培养基采用低无机盐质量浓度的DKW培养基,即1/2DKW时,外植体诱导分化较早,且褐化率低,污染率低,组培苗生长健壮. 相似文献
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遮光处理对容器育柑桔幼苗生长与微环境的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以德尔塔（Delta）甜检和中熟娜特（Midknight）甜橙两个品种为材料,探讨不同颜色遮光网、遮光强度与遮光时间对容器育柑桔幼苗生长、水分利用、叶片净CO2代谢速率以及幼苗生长微环境如土壤温度、大气湿度的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,所有遮光处理的幼苗较高,茎干较粗,德尔塔甜橙的试验结果比中熟娜特甜橙明显;遮光5个月比遮光12周的处理效果更明显;不遮光处理利用较多的水分．途光处理间无明显差别;不这光处理的土壤温度在14：00显著高于所有遮光处理;各处理间叶片净CO2代谢速率和大气湿度无差别。 相似文献