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1.
Repair of the secretion defect in the Z form of alpha 1-antitrypsin by addition of a second mutation 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Homozygous inheritance of the Z-type mutant form of the alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) gene results in the most common form of alpha 1AT deficiency, a human hereditary disease associated with a high risk for the development of emphysema and an increased incidence of neonatal hepatitis. The alpha 1AT-synthesizing cells of individuals with the Z gene have normal alpha 1AT messenger RNA levels, but alpha 1AT secretion is markedly reduced secondary to accumulation of newly synthesized alpha 1AT in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Crystallographic analysis of alpha 1AT predicts that in normal alpha 1AT, a negatively charged Glu342 is adjacent to positively charged Lys290. Thus the Glu342----Lys342 Z mutation caused the loss of a normal salt bridge, resulting in the intracellular aggregation of the Z molecule. The prediction was made that a second mutation in the alpha 1AT genet that changed the positively charged Lys290 to a negatively charged Glu290 would correct the secretion defect. When the second mutation was added to the Z-type complementary DNA, the resulting gene directed the synthesis and secretion of amounts of alpha 1AT similar to that directed by the normal alpha 1AT complementary DNA in an in vitro eukaryotic expression system. This suggests the possibility that a human hereditary disease can be corrected by inserting an additional mutation in the same gene. 相似文献
2.
Gould DB Phalan FC Breedveld GJ van Mil SE Smith RS Schimenti JC Aguglia U van der Knaap MS Heutink P John SW 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5725):1167-1171
Porencephaly is a rare neurological disease, typically manifest in infants, which is characterized by the existence of degenerative cavities in the brain. To investigate the molecular pathogenesis of porencephaly, we studied a mouse mutant that develops porencephaly secondary to focal disruptions of vascular basement membranes. Half of the mutant mice died with cerebral hemorrhage within a day of birth, and approximately 18% of survivors had porencephaly. We show that vascular defects are caused by a semidominant mutation in the procollagen type IV alpha 1 gene (Col4a1) in mice, which inhibits the secretion of mutant and normal type IV collagen. We also show that COL4A1 mutations segregate with porencephaly in human families. Because not all mutant mice develop porencephaly, we propose that Col4a1 mutations conspire with environmental trauma in causing the disease. 相似文献
3.
Thermostable enterotoxinⅠ(ST1)mutant genes and thermolabile enterotoxin B subunit(LTB)genes were amplified by PCR from plasmids of Eschenichia coli C83902.The recombinant expression plasmid pZST3LTB containing ST1-LTB fusion gene was constructed by recombinant DNA technique and then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3).The ST1-LTB fusion protein was highly expressed in recombinant strain BL21(DE3)(pZST3LTB)and the fusion protein was about 38.53% of total cellular protein by SDS-PAGE and thin-layer gel scanning analysis.More important,mice immunized with crude preparation containing the fusion protein inclusion bodies or inactivated recombinant strain produced antibodies that were able to recognize ST1 in vitro.These sera antibodies were able to neutralize the biological activity of native ST1 in the suckling mouse assay.Hence the ST1-LTB fusion protein was nontoxic and immunogenic,the constructed recombinant strain BL21(DE3)(pZST3LTB)could be used as a candidate of vaccine strain. 相似文献
4.
构建在E.coli中表达人组氨酰-tRNA合成酶(Jo-1)的质粒。用RT-PCR从人胎盘组织总RNA中获得编码人组氨酰-tRNA合成酶(Jo-1)基因的全序列,将此片段定向克隆到麦芽糖融合蛋白表达载体pMAL-c中,诱导表达获得Jo-1的可溶性融合蛋白,并通过亲和层析予以纯化。结果免疫印迹实验表明,表达的融合蛋白能与含有抗Jo-1抗体的病人血清发生特异反应,重组融合蛋白具有Jo-1蛋白的免疫原性和免疫特异性。 相似文献
5.
将人工合成的人胸腺肽α1（Tα1）基因插入到载体pBV222,转化大肠杆菌DH5α菌株并置42℃诱导表达可溶性融合蛋白。融合蛋白经镍亲和层析柱纯化,加入肠激酶切割,再将酶切反应体系回到镍亲和层析柱。所获穿过液中的重组胸腺肽α1（rTα1）,经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚苯烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS PAGE）和反相高效液相色谱（RP HPLC）分离及分析,纯度分别为94.5%和72%。以癌症患者外周血淋巴细胞开展玫瑰花环试验,所获rTα1纯品显示出与化学合成Tα1（sTα1）相同的生物学活性。 相似文献
6.
Gene transfer and expression of human phenylalanine hydroxylase 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by a genetic deficiency of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH). A full-length complementary DNA clone of human PAH was inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector and transferred into mouse NIH3T3 cells which do not normally express PAH. The transformed mouse cells expressed PAH messenger RNA, immunoreactive protein, and enzymatic activity that are characteristic of the normal human liver products, demonstrating that a single gene contains all of the necessary genetic information to code for functional PAH. These results support the use of the human PAH probe in prenatal diagnosis and detection of carriers, to provide new opportunities for the biochemical characterization of normal and mutant enzymes, and in the investigation of alternative genetic therapies for PKU. 相似文献
7.
Hetz C Bernasconi P Fisher J Lee AH Bassik MC Antonsson B Brandt GS Iwakoshi NN Schinzel A Glimcher LH Korsmeyer SJ 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5773):572-576
Accumulation of misfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) triggers an adaptive stress response-termed the unfolded protein response (UPR)-mediated by the ER transmembrane protein kinase and endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme-1alpha (IRE1alpha). We investigated UPR signaling events in mice in the absence of the proapoptotic BCL-2 family members BAX and BAK [double knockout (DKO)]. DKO mice responded abnormally to tunicamycin-induced ER stress in the liver, with extensive tissue damage and decreased expression of the IRE1 substrate X-box-binding protein 1 and its target genes. ER-stressed DKO cells showed deficient IRE1alpha signaling. BAX and BAK formed a protein complex with the cytosolic domain of IRE1alpha that was essential for IRE1alpha activation. Thus, BAX and BAK function at the ER membrane to activate IRE1alpha signaling and to provide a physical link between members of the core apoptotic pathway and the UPR. 相似文献
8.
Liver mitochondria from manganese-deficient and pallid mice: function and ultrastructure 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Oxidative phosphorylation was studied in isolated liver mitochondria from manganese-deficient mice and in those from a mutant strain, pallid. In mitochondria from manganese-deficient mice, ratios of adenosine triphosphate formed to oxygen consumed were normal, but oxygen uptake was reduced. Electron microscopy of these mitochondria revealed ultrastructural abnormalities including elongation and reorientation of cristae. No biochemical or structural abnormalities were found in mitochondria from pallid mice. 相似文献
9.
将丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）H77株全长囊膜蛋白基因克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA4.0的CMV启动子下游，采用磷酸钙转染法将重组质粒转入293T细胞，用流式细胞仪检测细胞瞬时表达的目的蛋白。将构建的重组质粒肌注BALB/c小鼠，用表达HCV囊膜蛋白的SP2/0细胞作为抗原，用流式细胞仪检测小鼠血清HCV囊膜蛋白抗体。再用原核系统表达的E2蛋白作为抗原,Western Blot检测免疫小鼠血清抗体。试验结果显示,囊膜蛋白E1E2在293T细胞膜上进行了瞬时表达，基因疫苗免疫小鼠后产生了抗HCV囊膜蛋白的抗体，该抗体能与表达HCV囊膜蛋白的SP2/0细胞特异性结合，Western Blot表明该抗体也能与原核系统表达的E2蛋白结合。 相似文献
10.
11.
Alpha 1 antitrypsinin the livers of patients with emphysema 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Parenchymal liver cells from emphysema patients with an inherited deficiency of alpha(1)-antitrypsin contain globules of glycoprotein that bind fluorescent antibody to alpha(1)-antitrypsin. The globules can be seen after hematoxylin and eosinstaining or on electron microscopy, but are more readily demonstrated by PAS stain of amylase-treated liver sections. It appears that an inappropriately large amount of alpha(1)-antitrypsin is found in the liver even when there is a deficiency in the serum. Genetic variants of the normal antitrypsin molecule may be unable to leave their site of synthesis in the liver cell because of some molecular aberration. 相似文献
12.
T Papayannopoulou T Enver S Takegawa N P Anagnou G Stamatoyannopoulos 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,242(4881):1056-1058
Human fetal globin genes are not expressed in hybrid cells produced by the fusion of normal human lymphocytes with mouse erythroleukemia cells. In contrast, when lymphocytes from persons with globin gene developmental mutations (hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin) are used for these fusions, fetal globin is expressed in the hybrid cells. Thus, mutations of developmental origin can be reconstituted in vitro by fusing mutant lymphoid cells with differentiated cell lines of the proper lineage. This system can readily be used for analyses, such as globin gene methylation, that normally require large numbers of pure nucleated erythroid cells, which are difficult to obtain. 相似文献
13.
A large deletion within the T-cell receptor beta-chain gene complex in New Zealand white mice 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
The T-cell receptor beta-chain gene complex contains a duplication of D beta, J beta, and C beta gene segments in mice and man. When DNA from many inbred strains of mice was screened an unusual allele of the beta locus was identified in New Zealand White (NZW) mice. This allele is distinguished by the deletion of an 8.8-kilobase segment of DNA containing C beta 1, D beta 2 and the J beta 2 cluster. Despite the fact that all NZW T-cell receptors must be derived from a single set of beta-chain gene segments, this strain has functional T cells and is phenotypically normal. This deletion of T-cell receptor beta-chain segments occurs in a strain known to contribute to lupus-like autoimmune disease. 相似文献
14.
mGluR1 in cerebellar Purkinje cells essential for long-term depression, synapse elimination, and motor coordination 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ichise T Kano M Hashimoto K Yanagihara D Nakao K Shigemoto R Katsuki M Aiba A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5472):1832-1835
Targeted deletion of metabotropic glutamate receptor-subtype 1 (mGluR1) gene can cause defects in development and function in the cerebellum. We introduced the mGluR1alpha transgene into mGluR1-null mutant [mGluR1 (-/-)] mice with a Purkinje cell (PC)-specific promoter. mGluR1-rescue mice showed normal cerebellar long-term depression and regression of multiple climbing fiber innervation, events significantly impaired in mGluR1 (-/-) mice. The impaired motor coordination was rescued by this transgene, in a dose-dependent manner. We propose that mGluR1 in PCs is a key molecule for normal synapse formation, synaptic plasticity, and motor control in the cerebellum. 相似文献
15.
Clonal gene therapy: transplanted mouse fibroblast clones express human alpha 1-antitrypsin gene in vivo 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
A retroviral vector was used to insert human alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1AT) complementary DNA into the genome of mouse fibroblasts to create a clonal population of mouse fibroblasts secreting human alpha 1AT. After demonstrating that this clone of fibroblasts produced alpha 1AT after more than 100 population doublings in the absence of selection pressure, the clone was transplanted into the peritoneal cavities of nude mice. When the animals were evaluated 4 weeks later, human alpha 1AT was detected in both sera and the epithelial surface of the lungs. The transplanted clone of fibroblasts could be recovered from the peritoneal cavities of those mice and demonstrated to still be producing human alpha 1AT. Thus, even after removal of selective pressure, a single clone of retroviral vector-infected cells that expressed an exogenous gene in vitro, continued to do so in vivo, and when recovered, continued to produce the product of the exogenous gene. 相似文献
16.
Susceptibility to two strains of Friend leukemia virus in mice 总被引：33，自引：0，他引：33
F Lilly 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1967,155(761):461-462
A mutant strain of the Friend leukemia virus is described. The parental virus strain, passaged through ICR/Ha mice, shows no or very little activity by the spleen-focus assay in BALB/c mice (by comparison with highly susceptible DBA/2 and ICR/Ha mice) and produces typical Friend disease in these mice only exceptionally; susceptibility to this strain of virus is recessive in the (C57BL/6 x DBA/2) F(1). By contrast, the mutant virus strain is as active in BALB/c mice as in DBA/2 or ICR/Ha mice; susceptibility to the mutant virus strain is dominant in the (C57BL/6 x DBA/2) F(1). 相似文献
17.
为探明枝孢样枝孢霉野生株Z20与突变株Zt在生物学特性及药物敏感上的差异,将枝孢样枝孢霉Z20和Zt于PDA培养基上连续培养7 d,每天观察菌落形态及长势。将菌株Z20和Zt在沙氏液基上培养4 d后用透射电镜对其超微结构进行观察。采用硫酸-苯酚法测定枝孢样枝孢霉Z20和Zt的菌丝体多糖含量。运用96孔板微量稀释法测定5种常见抗真菌药物对枝孢样枝孢霉Z20和Zt的最小抑菌浓度。结果表明:在PDA培养基上菌株Zt的生长速率高于Z20,菌落颜色较浅,孢子数量减少。在透射电镜下,野生株Z20的菌丝壁厚度和菌丝宽度显著大于突变株Zt,且菌丝的含糖量也显著高于突变株Zt。药敏试验中,除灰黄霉素外,枝孢样枝孢霉Zt对5种药物的敏感性均高于Z20。 相似文献
18.
Phelps CJ Koike C Vaught TD Boone J Wells KD Chen SH Ball S Specht SM Polejaeva IA Monahan JA Jobst PM Sharma SB Lamborn AE Garst AS Moore M Demetris AJ Rudert WA Bottino R Bertera S Trucco M Starzl TE Dai Y Ayares DL 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5605):411-414
The enzyme alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GT or GGTA1) synthesizes alpha1,3-galactose (alpha1,3Gal) epitopes (Galalpha1,3Galbeta1,4GlcNAc-R), which are the major xenoantigens causing hyperacute rejection in pig-to-human xenotransplantation. Complete removal of alpha1,3Gal from pig organs is the critical step toward the success of xenotransplantation. We reported earlier the targeted disruption of one allele of the alpha1,3GT gene in cloned pigs. A selection procedure based on a bacterial toxin was used to select for cells in which the second allele of the gene was knocked out. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that knockout of the second allele of the alpha1,3GT gene was caused by a T-to-G single point mutation at the second base of exon 9, which resulted in inactivation of the alpha1,3GT protein. Four healthy alpha1,3GT double-knockout female piglets were produced by three consecutive rounds of cloning. The piglets carrying a point mutation in the alpha1,3GT gene hold significant value, as they would allow production of alpha1,3Gal-deficient pigs free of antibiotic-resistance genes and thus have the potential to make a safer product for human use. 相似文献
19.
【目的】明确犬源H9N2亚型流感病毒的分子变异特征及致病性,为今后探究流感病毒的禽—犬跨种传播机制提供科学依据。【方法】从流浪犬中分离H9N2亚型流感病毒,利用RT-PCR扩增其8个基因节段进行BLAST同源比对,然后基于国内外的22株参考毒株进行遗传进化分析,并通过小鼠滴鼻感染试验评估分离毒株的致病性。【结果】从采集的393份犬鼻拭子样品中分离获得1株H9N2亚型流感病毒,命名为A/canine/Guangxi/LZ11/2018(简写为LZ11)。分离毒株LZ11为三重组毒株,其中,HA、NA和NS基因属于BJ/94类谱系,PB2和M基因属于G1类谱系,PB1、PA和NP基因属于F/98类谱系;病毒基因组成属于近年我国广泛流行的S基因型。分离毒株LZ11的HA蛋白在第324~331位存在1个裂解位点(PSRSSR↓GL),符合低致病性流感病毒的特征;HA蛋白还出现226Q→L突变,具有优先结合人类α-2,6唾液酸受体的能力;NA蛋白在119E、151D、276E、292R和294N未发生突变,但M2蛋白出现31S→N突变,说明分离毒株LZ11仍对神经氨酸酶抑制剂敏感,但已对金刚烷胺类药物产生耐药性;聚合酶蛋白出现多个哺乳动物适应性相关的氨基酸位点突变,包括PB2蛋白的292I→V、PB1蛋白的368I→V及PA蛋白的409S→N和356K→R。分离毒株LZ11虽然未引起小鼠出现典型的临床症状,但可在肺脏和上鼻窦有效复制,病毒滴度分别为3.82和5.98 lg PFU/mL。【结论】分离获得的犬源H9N2亚型流感病毒属于近年流行的S基因型,其8个基因节段分属于3种谱系(BJ/94类谱系、G1类谱系和F/98类谱系),且存在多个哺乳动物适应性相关氨基酸位点突变,具备感染哺乳动物的分子特征,可在小鼠脏器内有效复制。鉴于人类与宠物犬的密切关系,今后应加强对犬源H9N2亚型流感病毒的监测与防控。 相似文献
20.
猪霍乱沙门氏菌C500株是用化学方法将强毒株C78-1致弱,用于预防仔猪副伤寒的弱毒疫苗株,虽具有较好的免疫原性,但仍有一定的残余毒力。SC-1是临床分离的猪霍乱沙门氏菌强毒株。为了研制更加安全的弱毒株,利用重组自杀性质粒通过接合转移的方法构建了猪霍乱沙门氏菌C500株、C78-1及SC-1的crp缺失株。C78-1、crp-C78-1、SC-1、crp-SC-1、C500、crp-C500 6个毒株经小鼠毒力试验检测。LD50结果显示,crp缺失对猪霍乱沙门氏菌的毒力影响不大,毒力只是略为降低,其中以crp-C500株毒力最弱。综上所述,可以选用crp-C500株毒株作为猪霍乱沙门氏菌弱毒疫苗株的选择。 相似文献