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1.
The effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization of a rye pasture (Secale cereale L.) on the chemical composition of forage and its utilization in vivo and in situ were investigated in winter (W) and early spring (S). Half of the paddock to be assayed was spread with 93 kg urea–N ha?1 (treatment F), and the other half was not fertilized (treatment NF). Each experiment lasted for 17 days; apparent dry matter digestibility in vivo, voluntary dry matter intake (DMI) and digestible DMI were measured on nine rams per treatment. Two rumen cannulated animals per treatment were under the same feeding regime, and used to collect samples of rumen contents. The concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and short‐chain fatty acids and pH were measured in these samples. The offered forage was also incubated in the rumen of three Holstein–Friesian steers to estimate its degradation parameters in situ. Fertilization with N increased total N and decreased dry matter (DM) and non‐structural carbohydrate concentrations in both periods. DMI was reduced by fertilization. The rumen concentrations of NH3 were higher in F than in NF in both periods. In both periods, the effective DM degradability of forage was higher in F than in NF. N fertilization affects chemical composition, voluntary intake and rumen digestion of forage from rye pasture.  相似文献   

2.
The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and neutral detergent fibre (IVNDFD) digestibilities of silages made from whole‐crop pea [Pisum sativum L. (PS)], pea–wheat [Triticum aestivum L. (PW)], pea–barley [Hordeum vulgare L. (PB)] and pea–oat [Avena sativa L. (PO)] mixtures harvested 8 weeks (H8) and 10 weeks (H10) after seeding. Forty‐five days after ensiling, all forages were well ensiled as indicated by low pH and low water‐soluble carbohydrate content and high lactic acid concentration. Regardless of forage type, crude protein (CP) and IVNDFD were higher while starch and acid detergent lignin were lower in H8 than H10. However, harvest date had no effect on neutral (NDF) and acid (ADF) detergent fibre of the silages. Within each harvest date, CP was higher while NDF was lower for PS than pea–cereal silages. Differences in CP and fibre fractions between the pea–cereal mixture silages were not consistent for the two harvest dates. The IVDMD of PS was higher than that of the three pea–cereal mixture silages in H8 but was only higher than that of PB in H10. For the pea–cereal mixtures, IVDMD was higher for PO than PB and PW in H8 and was higher for PB than PW in H10. It was concluded that silage from pea monoculture had similar forage yields and a generally higher nutritive value than silages from pea–cereal mixtures.  相似文献   

3.
Higher ruminant intake potential and in vivo digestibility as indicated by lower neutral and acid detergent fibre (NDF and ADF), respectively, and higher crude protein (CP), may be valuable targets in tall fescue breeding. Some 105 full‐sib families from a diallel cross of Mediterranean parent germplasm were grown in a heated greenhouse simulating the temperature pattern of a Mediterranean environment, to estimate genetic parameters for NDF, ADF, CP and dry matter (DM) yield in one autumn and one winter harvest. Family x harvest interaction was large for NDF and ADF, moderate for CP and absent for DM yield. Additive genetic variance was mostly larger than specific genetic variance, and tended to be small for quality traits and large for DM yield. Narrow‐sense heritability was low for CP and ADF in autumn and moderate to fairly high in the remaining cases. Predicted gains per selection cycle never exceeded 5% for quality traits while being greater than 10% for DM yield. An inverse genetic correlation between DM yield and any quality trait emerged in the presence of sizeable genetic variation.  相似文献   

4.
Summary Genetic relationships of condensed tannins (CT) with other forage quality parameters have not been adequately studied in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). The objectives were to bidirectionally select for CT concentration in birdsfoot trefoil to determine selection response and to create populations for examination of genetic relationships of CT with forage quality parameters, principally lignin. High-and low-tannin parental clones were selected from NC-83 birdsfoot trefoil germplasm and intercrossed to produce Syn1 populations. Herbage samples, harvested for two years at two locations, were analyzed from high-tannin, low-tannin, and parental populations for CT concentration, herbage yield, and forage quality parameters. The mean condensed tannin concentrations in the high-and low-tannin populations were 69.3±0.8 and 21.1±0.8 g catechin equivalent (CE) kg-1 dry matter (DM) compared with 36.4±0.8 g CE kg-1 DM in the parental population. The selection response exhibited a quadratic relationship, with selection for increased CT concentration more effective than for reduced CT concentration. Compared with the parental population, acid detergent lignin (ADL) was higher, and crude protein (CP) and in vitro digestible dry matter (IVDDM) concentrations were lower for the high-tannin population and the converse was true for the low-tannin population. Lignin concentration was positively correlated with CT concentration (rg=0.66 P0.01).Abbreviations ADF acid detergent fiber - ADL acid detergent lignin - CP crude protein - CT condensed tannins - IVDDM in vitro digestible dry matter - NDF neutral detergent fiber - NIRS near infrared reflectance spectroscopy  相似文献   

5.
云南黄牛对6种牧草瘤胃降解规律的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
采用尼龙袋法评定了云南黄牛对六种牧草的DM、CP、NDF和ADF有效降解率,并对牧草降解模型中的参数和有效降解率与牧草中营养成分的相关性进行了分析。试验结果显示：六种牧草DM的有效降解率为苜蓿干草粉最高,和一年生黑麦草粉差异不显著（P>0.05）,和依次降低的苜蓿草块、光叶紫花苕粉、大麦秸粉、非洲狗尾草粉间差异极显著（P<0.01）;六种牧草CP的有效降解率为苜蓿干草粉最高,和依次降低的苜蓿草块、一年生黑麦草粉、光叶紫花苕粉、大麦秸粉、非洲狗尾草粉间差异极显著（P<0.01）;六种牧草NDF和ADF的有效降解率为苜蓿干草粉最高,和苜蓿草块差异不显著（P>0.05）,和依次降低的一年生黑麦草粉、光叶紫花苕粉、大麦秸粉、非洲狗尾草粉间差异极显著（P<0.01）。综合测定的各个营养指标分析,云南黄牛对不同牧草的利用率大小为：苜蓿干草>苜蓿草块≈一年生黑麦草>光叶紫花苕>大麦秸>非洲狗尾草。牧草降解模型中的参数和有效降解率均与牧草营养成分中的CP含量呈较强的正相关,而与NDF和ADF含量呈较强的负相关。  相似文献   

6.
为评定多花黑麦草在生长兔上的营养价值,研究以福建黄兔为对象,对2 个多花黑麦草品种采用全粪收集法进行消化试验。结果表明：福建黄兔生长兔对多花黑麦草‘美克斯’和‘海里克斯’干物质（DM）、粗蛋白质（CP）、粗纤维（CF）、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）、粗脂肪（EE）、粗灰分（ash）、钙（Ca）、磷（P）和无氮浸出物（NFE）的表观消化率分别为：52.67%、82.68%、21.70%、26.58%、28.59%、68.37%、57.69%、71.64%、70.82%、64.38%和50.45%、79.53%、24.69%、30.45%、32.69%、69.84%、59.38%、70.48%、69.31%、69.30%。其中生长兔对多花黑麦草DM、CP、EE、Ca 和P 的表观消化率较高,对CF的表观消化率较低。  相似文献   

7.
Leaf segments from seedlings of 68 old barley varieties and 38 more recent cultivars of past or current importance in France were infected with 6—9 powdery mildew isolates in order to identify race-specific resistance genes. No resistance gene was apparent in the 21 old winter varieties, 43 of 47 old spring varieties, 10 recent winter and 3 recent spring cultivars. Two old spring varieties (‘Colmar S 142’ and ‘Johanna’) were postulated to have Mlg and Ml(CP), and two others (‘Pontrieux’ and ‘Finistère 62-5’) had an unidentified, weakly effective gene. Mlg, Ml(CP), Mlb, Mla6 and Mlal3 were the only genes detected in recent winter cultivars. Recent spring cultivars presented the greatest diversity; the presence of one or several genes among Mlal, Mla6, Mla9, Mla12, Mlg, Ml(CP), Ml(La), Mlk and mlo was postulated in several lines.  相似文献   

8.
Intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D. R. Dewey] plant introductions (PI) have played a critical role in the development of improved intermediate wheatgrass cultivars. The objective of this study was to characterize a large number of intermediate wheatgrass populations over its native range for dry matter yield (DMY), crude protein (CP), in vitro true digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fibre (NDF), and rhizome development and genetic diversity and structure to identify superior populations and possible geographical regions in which to collect. Analysis of molecular variance using 643 AFLP bands partitioned 31% of the total genetic variation among these populations with 69% variance detected within populations. Bayesian cluster analysis identified two large groups designated as Asian and European under K = 2. In general, European accessions had greater DMY than did Asian accessions. Observed trends were towards greater CP values in populations with Asian ancestry. Selection index values above zero were observed in populations with European ancestry, and the exception was the late‐maturing (208 days to bloom) populations with Asian ancestry. Plant populations 383 551, 383 561, 401 161, 401 173, 440 021, 578 692 (cv. Tegmar) and 598 740 had rhizome scores greater than 7.0. Despite significant differences detected between populations (ΦST = 0.3136; P < 0.001), there was strong indication of admixed co‐ancestry or possible gene flow between K = 2–9 models.  相似文献   

9.
In this study, the effects of nitrogen (N) rate (60, 120, 180 and 240 kg N ha?1 applied in three equal dressings at seeding and after the first and second cuttings) and stubble height (7, 14 and 21 cm) on the dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP) content, and CP yield of a sorghum–sudangrass hybrid [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench × Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf., cv. Pioneer 988] in the three‐cut system was investigated. The N rate had no significant effect in the first and third cuttings, but in the second cutting DM yields increased significantly with increase in N rate. The highest yield of 9.1 t ha?1 was obtained with 80 kg N ha?1 for the average of 2 years at the second cutting, but no significant difference was found among the 40, 60 and 80 kg N ha?1 rates. CP content and yield were not significantly affected by N rate at the first and third cuttings, but CP content and yield were significantly affected by application of N at the second cutting. Stubble height had a significant effect on CP content at the third cutting. However, it had no significant effect on CP content at the first and second cuttings. Stubble height had a significant effect on the CP yield at the first cutting, but no significant effect on CP yield at the second and third cuttings.  相似文献   

10.
J. M. Montes    H. F. Utz    W. Schipprack    B. Kusterer    J. Muminovic    C. Paul    A. E. Melchinger 《Plant Breeding》2006,125(6):591-595
Dry matter (DM) content and quality parameters of maize grain are important traits in breeding of maize hybrids. New developments in near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) allow to determine DM content and product quality parameters directly on plot combine harvesters. The main objective of our study was to examine the potential of NIRS on combine harvester (NOCH) for determination of DM, crude protein (CP) and starch (ST) contents in maize grain. Plot combine harvesters equipped with spectrometers were used. Eleven locations were harvested in Europe during 2003 and 2004. The NOCH calibration models were developed with standard error of prediction (SEP) and coefficient of determination for validation (R) of 1.2% and 0.95 for DM, 0.3% and 0.88 for CP, and 1.0% and 0.79 for ST, respectively. NOCH is a promising technology for determination of DM, CP and ST contents of maize grain for breeding purposes, because it automates the assessment of each harvested plot, and the information for making selection decision is rapidly available to plan the next generation.  相似文献   

11.
By using data of Belgian trials for Value of Cultivation and Use (1963–2007) the change in agronomic performance of ryegrass varieties was quantified. Data included 144 Lolium perenne and 69 Lolium multiflorum candidate varieties, plus ‘Vigor’ and ‘Lemtal’, two varieties which were always included in the Value of Cultivation and Use (VCU) trials. As the genetics of ‘Vigor’ and ‘Lemtal’ have remained identical to those in 1963, these were used as constant standards to measure improvements of new varieties. Dry matter yield (DMY) of ‘Vigor’ and ‘Lemtal’ varied annually but did not show a progressive change, indicating that cultural changes in VCU trials of ryegrasses were small. By expressing DMY, persistency and rust resistance of the candidate varieties relative to Vigor and ‘Lemtal’, the change in agronomic performance due to breeding was determined. DMY increased with 0.3% of ‘Vigor’ and ‘Lemtal’ annually. Persistency showed an annual increase around 0.5% of the standard varieties. Before 1990, rust resistance of ryegrasses varied around 100% relative to ‘Vigor’ or ‘Lemtal’. After 1990, an annual increase of 3.6% against these standard varieties was found.  相似文献   

12.
Cool‐season food legumes (CSFLs) are important supplementary protein sources and soil fertility restorers for subsistence farmers in Ethiopia. Yields of CSFLs, however, are limited by low soil fertility, as they are grown in poor soils, often without fertilizer. Dekoko (Pisum sativum var. abyssinicum) is one of the CSFLs cultivated in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. It is highly appreciated by the local people for its taste. This paper reports on the effect of phosphorus (P) on the yield and nutrition value of Dekoko under field conditions, and compares the results with those obtained for Ater (Pisum sativum var. sativum). The experiment was conducted in the 1998 and 1999 growing seasons. Three rates of P equivalent to zero, 30, and 60 kg ha?1 P2O5 were tested. Biomass, leaf area index, branches/plant, pods/m2 and yield responded positively while seeds/pod and seed weight were not significantly affected by P. Tissue P contents in shoots and roots increased with an increase in P application rate, while P in the nodules was not affected. Crude protein (CP) content increased from 24.9 % of dry matter (DM) at P0 to 26.2 % at P2, and from 24.3 % at P0 to 25.2 % at P2, in Dekoko and Ater seeds, respectively, while total sugars decreased with an increase in P application rate. Cysteine in Dekoko and asparagine and threonine in both varieties decreased, while lysine and other amino acids were not significantly affected by P. P improved seed yield and CP content without greatly affecting the amino acid profile of Dekoko, when compared with that of the FAO/WHO (1991, Protein Quality Evaluation. Food and Nutrition, Paper 51. FAO/WHO, Rome) standard pattern of amino acid for children 2–5 years of age. Thus, improving yield through fertilization may help to improve nutritional quality and household food security for subsistence farmers.  相似文献   

13.
不同饲用玉米品种产量及青贮品质比较分析   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  
为筛选出适宜安徽省种植的饲用玉米品种,进行了10个饲用玉米品种的产量及青贮品质比较研究。结果表明：品种间产量和青贮品质存在显著差异。其中,‘玉草3号’的产量最高,YA473182的产量仅次于‘玉草3号’;YA473182的氨态氮(NH3-N)含量略低于‘玉草3号’,乳酸(LA)含量显著高于‘玉草3号’,发酵品质较好;YA473182的可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)含量及粗蛋白(CP)含量显著高于其他品种,且中性洗涤纤维(NDF)及酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量相对较少,饲用品质较好。综合考虑各玉米品种的产量及青贮品质,YA473182和‘玉草3号’最适合安徽省种植利用,‘瑞德2号’和‘豫青3230’也有推广价值。  相似文献   

14.
Spring cut Italian ryegrass was harvested at two different stages of maturity: lake vegetative (EARLY) and flowering (LATE). The wilted forage was round baled and then ensiled by wrapping in plastic film. EARLY harvest reduced dry matter (DM) yield significantly as compared to LATE (5.6 vs. 10.5 t ha−1; P < 0.01). However, forage quality both before and after ensiling was better for EARLY with higher crude protein (CP) and non-structural carbohydrates content and a lower amount of cell walls (NDF). Higher pH and the fermentation characteristics confirmed the poor quality of LATE silage, having higher content of butyrate, propionate and acid detergent insoluble nitrogen and a lower concentration of lactic acid.
Dry matter intake of EARLY silage by sheep (average 65.0 ± 7.3 kg LW) fed solely forage ad libitum was 37 % higher than LATE (1386 vs. 1011 g DM day−1; P < 0.05) due to its better palatability and digestibility. In vivo DM digestibility of EARLY silage was 76.1 % while it decreased to 58.2 % for LATE silage. Estimated metabolizable energy content of EARLY silage (11.5 MJ kg−1 DM) was 29 % higher than LATE (8.9 MJ kg−1 DM) resulting as similar to the reference value of a high quality perennial ryegrass silage. The forage conservation system of ensiled round bales is effective and recommended when spring cut Italian ryegrass is harvested at an early stage of maturity.  相似文献   

15.
Glucosinolate levels in leaves were determined in a collection of 36 varieties of nabicol (Brassica napus pabularia group) from northwestern Spain grown at two locations. Crude protein, acid detergent fibre, and sensory traits were also assessed by a consumer panel. The objectives were to determine the diversity among varieties in total glucosinolate content and glucosinolate profile and to evaluate their sensory attributes in relation to glucosinolate content for breeding purposes. Eight glucosinolates were identified, being the aliphatic glucosinolates, glucobrassicanapin, progoitrin, and gluconapin the most abundant. Glucosinolate composition varied between locations although the glucosinolate pattern was not significantly influenced. Differences in total glucosinolate content, glucosinolate profile, protein, acid detergent fibre, and flavour were found among varieties. The total glucosinolate content ranged from 1.4 μmol g−1 to 41.0 μmol g−1 dw at one location and from 1.2 μmol g−1 to 7.6 μmol g−1 dw at the other location. Sensory analysis comparing bitterness and flavour with variation in glucosinolate, gluconapin, progoitrin, and glucobrassicanapin concentrations suggested that other phytochemicals are probably involved on the characteristic flavour. The variety MBG-BRS0035 had high total glucosinolate, glucobrassicanapin, and gluconapin contents at both locations and could be included in breeding programs to improve the nutritional value of this vegetable crop.  相似文献   

16.
Kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M.B.) is a persistent rhizomatous forage legume with great potential for permanent pastures. The effects of a soil moisture deficit on forage quality, digestibility and protein fractionation of two cultivars of Kura clover (Endura and Rhizo) were investigated in this study for 1 year. The responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) were also characterized. Stands of each species were field‐grown and submitted to two soil water regimes promoting soil moisture deficits and well‐watered (i.e. control) conditions. There were no interactions between species and soil water regimes. Soil moisture deficit increased acid detergent fibre (ADF) but reduced acid detergent lignin (ADL) content and consequently increased forage digestibility. It had only minor effects on protein content and fractionation. Species varied for most parameters measured. Kura clover generally had the lowest neutral detergent fibre (NDF), ADF and ADL contents, and consequently the greatest digestibility (83.9 %). Species also differed in their crude protein fractionation. Kura clover and red clover had a lower proportion of non‐protein nitrogen (NPN; A fraction) and a greater proportion of true protein (B fraction) (30.9 and 64.5 %, respectively) than alfalfa (36.4 and 57.4 %, respectively). Kura clover also had the lowest proportion (i.e. 4.7 %) of acid detergent insoluble protein (ADIP; C fraction) of all species tested. Endura Kura clover often had a higher forage quality than Rhizo. This study confirms that Kura clover produces high‐quality forage and provides the first estimates of protein fractionation in this species.  相似文献   

17.
Two diploid (Belramo and Glen), one tetraploid (Rosalin) and one tetraploid hybrid (Lolium× boucheanum Kunth) (AberExcel) intermediate-heading perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) varieties were sown in boxes (85×44×14 cm) to create micro-swards. Once established, these were defoliated at approximately 21-day intervals before being offered to individual yearling Simmental × Holstein beef heifers in short-term tests. Bite mass measured in these tests was compared with bite mass for groups of similar heifers which were rotationally stocked on the same four varieties. The boxes were weighed (± 0.1 g) before and after a period during which the heifers were allowed to take approximately 50 bites. The micro-sward methodology was developed in, 2002 and bite masses for Belramo, Glen, Rosalin and AberExcel, respectively, were 0.44, 0.46, 0.49 and 0.50 g DM bite–1 compared with 0.48, 0.49, 0.50 and 0.50 g DM bite–1 measured for rotationally stocked cattle. In 2003, the values for bite mass were 0.40, 0.41, 0.41 and 0.43 g DM bite–1 measured using sward boxes and 0.31, 0.41, 0.34 and 0.37 g DM bite–1 for rotationally stocked cattle. Whilst the rankings were similar within ploidy for the two assessment methods, there were no significant differences between the varieties. The micro-sward methodology provides a rapid, low-cost assessment method with a low seed requirement to screen for intake traits during breeding programmes and during variety evaluation. Now there is a need to develop further this methodology in order to allow small-scale simulation of other defoliation regimes, for example continuous stocking.  相似文献   

18.
Maize is the major staple food in southern Africa with human consumption averaging 91 kg capita?1 year?1, and normal maize is nutritionally deficient in two essential amino acids: tryptophan and lysine. Despite the development of quality protein maize (QPM) with high tryptophan and lysine, stunting and kwashiorkor remain high in sub-Saharan Africa due to lack of high yielding and adapted QPM varieties. This study aimed at evaluating a new generation of QPM varieties for yield and related agronomic traits. Before the QPM varieties were validated on-farm, they were simultaneously selected on-station under five different management conditions. In the 2014/2015 season, 10 elite QPM varieties were selected from on-station trials based on high grain yield and stability, and were compared with the best commercial check varieties on-farm. During the 2015/2016 season, some poorly performing QPM varieties were dropped while new ones were added, resulting in 12 elite QPM varieties being evaluated on-farm. Analysis of variance for the 2014/2015 season showed non-significant hybrid × management condition interaction. Mean grain yields across management conditions ranged from 1.5 to 4 t ha?1 and were higher under mild stress (2.3–5.5 t ha?1) compared to random stress conditions (1.1–2.9 t ha?1). Broad sense heritability estimates were low to moderate (11–69%), and thus could still permit effective selection of better genotypes. Yield advantage ranged from 12 to 25% across the 2 years, suggesting effective genetic gains in QPM breeding. QPM hybrids CZH132044Q, CZH142238Q and CZH142236Q were stable and high yielding. Promotion of such QPM hybrids may help reduce protein energy malnutrition.  相似文献   

19.
Chao-Hwa Hu 《Euphytica》1973,22(3):562-574
Summary Semidwarf indica varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.) were developed by induced mutation. They generally have a yield capacity equal to that of the semidwarf varieties (T(N)1, IR 8 and others) selected from hybridization. Genetic studies showed that semidwarf genes induced in the mutants and spontaneous ones in existing varieties are at the same locus. These semidwarf mutants, selected in Taiwan and from an American long-grain variety, Centura Patna 231, were compared with their parents, the semidwarf variety Dee-goe-woo-gen, T(N)1 and IR 8. The semidwarf mutants average about 35% shorter than their tall parents. The plant height is reduced by shortening five internodes from the top, while panicle length is not affected. The mutants, Dee-geo-woo-gen, and improved short-statured varieties had similar patterns of internode elongation. The mutants derived from varieties sensitive to photoperiod have lost the sensitivity. One more crop can be grown within a year. All induced and hybrid-derived semidwarf varieties were highly susceptible to bacterial leaf blight when Xanthomonas oryzae was inoculated although some of their parents were moderately resistant. The mutation rate from irradiation of this semidwarf gene was estimated to be 0.1% in I-kung-bau, a native variety of Taiwan. This particular type of mutation has not yet been reported in japonica varieties. However, several promising strains with reduced plant height, earlier maturity and more grain yielding were recently obtained from the California japonica variety, Calrose, by X-irradiation. The merits of mutation breeding in rice are discussed.  相似文献   

20.
The prediction of grain and stover quality parameters in maize {Zea mays L.) by near infra-red reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was studied. A total of 110 grain and 135 stover samples originating from different genotypes and environments were assayed. Calibration equations for content of crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), starch (ST), and water soluble carbohydrates (WSC) in grain were obtained by multiple linear regression of known manual values on NIRS data from the odd numbered samples. Calibrations for CP, acid detergent fibre (ADF), in vitro digestible organic matter according to the Tilley & Terry (IVDOM-T & T) and the gas production (IVDOM-Gp) method, respectively, and metabolizable energy (ME) in stover were developed analogously. Equations were validated with the evennumbered .samples and for ME additionally with the 1584 stover samples from an experiment with 66 F1 hybrids tested in six environments. The coefficients of multiple determination (R2) of the prediction equations ranged from 0.80 for IVDOM-Gp and ME in stover to 0.94 for CP in grain. Standard errors of calibration (SEC) and prediction (SEP) were in most cases not higher than commonly reported for conventional manual assays. With regard to the correct ranking of hybrids, prediction equations for ME applied well to stover samples from other environments with one exception. We concluded that NIRS can evaluate the quality traits investigated to a similar degree to that of conventional methods of analysis. Since NIRS is simple and safe to operate and allows rapid screening of several quality traits simultaneously, it should be particularly attractive for breeding purposes.  相似文献   

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