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目前刺参是我国海参中唯一的养殖对象，通常说的海参养殖即是指刺参养殖。近几年，各地纷纷改造池塘进行海参养殖，但是，由于海参生长对环境的要求和对养殖技术的要求不是很高，所以，一些养殖户在养殖过程中，对水质的调控、投喂饵料的质量、日常管理等缺乏科学方法，导致海参养殖成活率低，生长速度慢，甚至出现病害，既影响了海参的质量又降低了养殖效益。针对这一情况，从2003～2005年我们在青岛市城阳区红岛街道进行了刺参池塘健康养殖技术试验，旨在探讨刺参池塘健康养殖的技术措施，规范刺参养殖业，为社会提供健康、无污染的海参产品。 相似文献
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目前池塘养参存在的问题与对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近几年来,我国北方海参池塘养殖业发展迅猛,据不完全统计,利用改造的对虾养殖池塘和新建的潮间带池塘从事海参养殖的面积已达30万亩。从事池塘养参的单位,因其池塘环境条件、生产技术管理措施、对海参养殖的科技意识水平等方面差别很大,自然地表现出其生产经济效益参差不齐的现象。 目前,池塘养参表露出的主要问题大体有如下几个 相似文献
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近几年来海参池塘养殖业发展迅速,但养殖技术水平参差不齐,养殖产量相差巨大,大部分池塘养殖产量很低,而有的高产池塘单产达3 000kg/hm2以上.经过对多年池塘海参养殖实践经验的总结,发现造成上述现象的原因主要是现有的海参池塘标准低、养殖方法不规范、许多先进技术措施没有普及,这些问题直接限制了海参养殖业的效益.针对以上现状,提出从以下几个方面来加以改进,使海参池塘养殖业得到健康发展. 相似文献
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海参养殖池塘中几种大型藻类的危害及其防治措施 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>目前海参养殖已成为我国北方沿海海水养殖的重要支柱产业。但是随着海参养殖业的迅猛发展,海参养殖病害问题也日趋严重。夏季高温季节,海参养殖池塘中大型藻类的过度繁殖将会对海参的生长造成严重的影响。目前在海参养殖池塘中发现的常见大型藻类主要有钢丝草、川蔓藻及青苔等。笔者将海参养殖池塘中常见的大型藻类作一总结,以期为海参养殖业者提供一定的参考。1钢丝草1.1危害特征钢丝草繁殖力极强,可以在较短的时期内迅速繁殖生长,对海参的生长产生极大的危害。主要危害有以下几个方面:一是大量的钢丝草会抑制池塘 相似文献
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近日,由河口区海洋与渔业局渔技站与当地海参养殖龙头企业共同承担的黄河三角洲地区生态海参育苗及池塘筑礁养殖试验荣获东营市科技进步一等奖,为提高海参养殖科技水平奠定了基础。该项目立足黄河三角洲地区广阔的滩涂资源优势,通过引进海参进行池塘养殖的研究和推广,在参池的建造、筑礁、底栖藻等养殖技术和模式的应用方面取得突破性进展,提高了池塘利用率及产品的质量和效益, 相似文献
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拟油壶菌病(Oplidiopsis disease)是海上栽培紫菜(Porphyra sensu lato)的主要病害之一,常引起紫菜大面积病烂并造成严重经济损失。本研究利用拟油壶菌感染海区内不同健康状态下的条斑紫菜(Neopyropia yezoensis)[未发生任何病烂(PyOlpH)、部分紫菜发生病烂(PyOlpM)和发生严重病烂(PyOlpS)],分析其附生菌群多样性、群落结构和主要类群之间的相互作用。结果显示,3种紫菜附生菌群α多样性指数不存在显著差异,但PyOlpM组指数高于其他组。3种紫菜附生菌群共有可操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)数仅占总OTU数的22.7%,菌群之间存在显著差异(置换多元方差分析, R2=0.405, P<0.05)。紫菜感染程度越高,与PyOlpH之间的差异类群数量越多。共注释出23门208属,α-变形菌纲(α-Proteobacteria)、γ-变形菌纲(γ-Proteobacteria)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)在所有样品中均占优势,相对丰度前20个属中有16个也位于这3个类群中,且随着感染程度的增加分别出现递增或递减的趋势。其中,贪铜菌属(Cupriavidus)和鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)是共现网络中连接度最高的细菌类群,二者及其依靠正相互作用连接的细菌类群之间存在负相互作用。本研究可为阐明拟油壶菌致病的微生态机制及寻找生防细菌提供一定的数据支持。 相似文献
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两种模式高密度养殖乌鳢的效益比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一、常规养成模式及效益分析连云港市地处黄海之滨的海州湾，海产小杂鱼资源丰富，淡水养殖面积４２万亩，河沟纵横，水库星罗密布，其中精养池塘面积１万亩，为乌鳢养殖的发展提供了优越的条件。从１９９７年的几亩至２００１年３２００亩，几年的发展，形成了利用本地区丰富的海产小杂鱼资源、单放大规格鱼种进行高密度养成商品鱼的模式，这种模式将经济价值低的海水小杂鱼在短周期内转变为高档的乌鳢，解决了乌鳢作为主养鱼类的饵料问题，取得了显著的经济效益和社会效益。１．养成管理及收获一般池塘面积１亩（最大的７亩），清整后，于… 相似文献
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In order to find an efficient method for marking fish a tagging experiment has been carried out at the Fish Breeding Experimental Station, Sunndalsøra, Norway. Three different methods have been tried: jaw-tagging, cold-branding and tattooing with two different types of dye. During the winter 1972/1973 relatively large numbers of rainbow trout (12 602), sea trout (2 065) and salmon (13 141) were marked using the three marking methods mentioned. It was found that cold-branding with liquid nitrogen was the most rapid and inexpensive method for marking salmonids; after about one year between 87 and 92% of the fish can be identified.For cold-branding rainbow trout and sea trout an exposure time of 3 sec is too long.Tattooing with fluorescent pigments gave poor results in this experiment but could be a useful method for marking salmonids if a device could be constructed that tattoos bigger spots.Fast blue is not recommended for marking fast-growing salmonids. 相似文献
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Caroline Stanley Maura Hiney Deirdre Gilroy Richard Powell David Padley Pete Smith 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2002,210(1-4):35-48
Two laboratory microcosms, constructed of sterilised sediment and water taken from different locations, were seeded with Aeromonas salmonicida. A non-quantitative PCR, a heterogeneous, non-competitive, sandwich ELISA and colony formation were employed to generate survival data. In one microcosm, all three analytical methods generated positive results over the full 279 days of the incubation of the system at 18 °C. In the second microcosm, constructed with humic acid-rich material, colony formation was undetectable after 1 day but the PCR and ELISA methods generated positive results for up to 269 days.
Direct injection into fish of material from the two microcosms both seeded with a passaged strain of A. salmonicida was used to determine the disease-producing potential of the bacteria in these systems. A direct correlation was observed between the presence of colony-forming units and the ability to produce furunculosis in test fish. None of the samples that generated positive PCR and ELISA signals but in which colony formation was not detected proved capable of inducing disease in fish. The significance of these data for the application of proxy methods in epizootiological studies is discussed. 相似文献
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Jatobá A Vieira Fdo N Buglione-Neto CC Mouriño' JL Silva BC Seiftter WQ Andreatta ER 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2011,37(4):725-732
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a probiotic (Lactobacillus
plantarum) supplemented diet on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus) in a polyculture system with marine shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) as regards culture performance, hematology, and gut bacterial microbiota. Ten 20-m2 pens were arranged in one earthen pond
and stocked with 2 fish (41.9 g) m−2 and 10 shrimp (2.3 g) m−2, in total of 40 Nile tilapias and 200 shrimp per experimental unit. Tilapia groups in five of the experimental units were
fed a commercial diet supplemented with L. plantarum and the other five with an unsupplemented commercial diet (control). After 12 weeks of culture, the tilapia groups fed the
probiotic-supplemented diet presented values 13.6, 7.5, and 7.1% higher for feed efficiency, yield, and final weight, respectively.
Viable culturable heterotrophic bacteria counts were reduced, and the number of lactic acid bacteria was increased in the
gut of fish and shrimp fed the probiotic-supplemented diet. Hematological analyses showed higher number of thrombocytes and
leukocytes in tilapia fed the supplemented diet. L. plantarum utilized in this study colonized the gut of tilapia and shrimp and resulted in reduced number of total bacteria and increased
tilapia final weight and feed efficiency. 相似文献
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