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以初羽化、未交尾的柞蚕雄蛾为原料,采用低温负压浓缩技术生产柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液,通过改进粗制柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液离心去杂质、去脂肪工艺流程中的离心时间、离心速度、离心温度等条件因素,改善柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液产品的感官性状。试验结果表明,粗制柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液在-5℃低温下,以4 500～5 000 r/min离心15 min,可在保证营养与活性成分含量的基础上,去除杂质和部分脂肪。采用改进后的工艺生产的柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液清澈透明,不浑浊,感观品质好,脂肪质量分数由原来的0.30%降低到0.09%,可延长产品的保质期。该项生产工艺已获得国家发明专利(专利号:2009 1 0016120.X),生产的柞蚕雄蛾浓缩液可直接加工成产品服用或用于勾兑蚕蛾酒及饮料等。 相似文献
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《蚕业科学》2015,(4)
为了开发柞蚕雄蛾油的食用保健功能,对柞蚕雄蛾油的组成成分进行检测分析,并研究其对D-半乳糖致衰模型小鼠记忆力和肝脏抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:柞蚕雄蛾油中不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数为78.86%,其中亚麻酸的质量分数为38.50%,还含有维生素E、胡萝卜素、磷脂和多种矿质元素;柞蚕雄蛾油高、中、低剂量灌胃组与衰老模型组(对照)比较,小鼠在水迷宫中的逃避潜伏时间均显著减少(P0.01),穿越站台次数和站台象限航行时间均显著增加(P0.01或P0.05),小鼠跳台的潜伏时间显著增加(P0.01或P0.05),错误次数显著减少(P0.01),小鼠肝脏的丙二醛含量显著降低(P0.01或P0.05)。试验结果提示,柞蚕雄蛾油是一种优质昆虫油脂,能明显改善D-半乳糖诱导致衰模型小鼠的学习、记忆功能,并能显著提高小鼠肝脏组织的抗氧化能力,因而具有较高的食用保健开发利用价值。 相似文献
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为进一步了解柞蚕雄蛾的食用安全性,将柞蚕雄蛾粉按不同剂量拌入大鼠饲料中,饲喂90天,观察雌性和雄性大鼠的体重以及脏器增重情况,进行血常规检查,结果表明:添加柞蚕雄蛾粉后,雌性、雄性大鼠的生长发育及部分生理生化指标无显著性差异。 相似文献
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以昆明小鼠为实验动物,检测柞蚕雄蛾粉的急性毒性和致突变性,为柞蚕雄蛾药品和食品的毒理学与安全性评价提供试验依据。将柞蚕雄蛾粉按照18 g/kg的总剂量在24 h内分3次饲喂小鼠,然后连续14 d均未观察到小鼠有中毒症状和死亡情况,检测柞蚕雄蛾粉对小鼠经口急性毒性的LD5015 g/kg,属无毒级物质。雌性和雄性小鼠分别按2.5 g/(kg·d)、5.0g/(kg·d)、10.0 g/(kg·d)3种剂量饲喂柞蚕雄蛾粉,小鼠的骨髓细胞微核率与阴性对照组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05),与环磷酰胺处理的阳性对照组比较差异显著(P0.05);3个剂量组小鼠的嗜多染红细胞占红细胞的百分率(PCE/RBC)与阴性对照组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05),但与阳性对照组比较均有显著性差异(P0.05)。致突变性(Ames)检测试验中,以16、78、313、1 250、5 000μg/皿5种剂量的柞蚕雄蛾粉处理后,各处理组的回变菌落数与空白对照组、溶剂对照组及组氨酸对照组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05),与阳性对照组比较均有显著性差异(P0.05),且5个剂量处理组间无剂量效应关系(无显著性差异)。2.5 g/(kg·d)、5.0 g/(kg·d)、10.0 g/(kg·d)3种剂量柞蚕雄蛾粉添食试验组雄性小鼠的精子畸形率与阴性对照组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05),与环磷酰胺处理的阳性对照组比较均有显著性差异(P0.05)。以上试验结果初步说明柞蚕雄蛾粉对昆明小鼠无急性毒性、无致突变性和无致畸性。 相似文献
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中国古代药典称雄蚕蛾为“神虫”,柞蚕雄蛾作为一种药食同源的食物其药用性和可食性已被传统医学和民间所证实,但对其有效成分及作用机理尚不完全清楚。柞蚕雄蛾油是从柞蚕雄蛾体内提取的一类具有生物活性的物质,在雄蚕蛾的保健机能方面具有十分重要的作用,近年来我们对柞蚕雄蛾油成分进行了分析研究。通过实验发现:柞蚕雄蛾油中不饱和脂肪酸的含量达76%以上,其中必需脂肪酸占45.5%,在动物性食品中,其必需脂肪酸含量占首位,且亚麻酸是其含量最丰富的多不饱和脂肪酸,这为我们开发利用柞蚕雄蛾确定了新的方向。1材料与方法1.1材料实验材料为产… 相似文献
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Deng W Dong XF Tong JM Xie TH Zhang Q 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2012,96(1):85-94
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of an aqueous alfalfa extract (AAE) on production performance, egg quality and lipid metabolism of laying hens between 28 and 36 weeks of age. Four groups of commercial hens (Hy-Line Brown) were fed with diets containing 0, 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15% AAE. Dietary AAE had no effect on egg production parameters (p > 0.05). Shell strength was increased (linear and quadratic effects; p < 0.05) with gradient addition of AAE. Furthermore, shell strength was notably higher (p < 0.05) in 0.1% and 0.15% AAE groups than the control group. With an exception of serum low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum total triglycerides and liver cholesterol concentration (day 42), lipid indices in yolk, serum and liver were lowered (linear and quadratic effects; p < 0.05) at day 42 and day 56 as AAE in diets increased, as well as the enzyme activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA) reductase. In relation to the control group, cholesterol and triglycerides in yolk, liver and serum and serum very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were lower in 0.15% AAE-treated birds at day 42 and day 56. It also significantly decreased activities of ACC, HMG-CoA reductase and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) at day 56. The 0.1% AAE decreased triglycerides in yolk, liver and serum, as well as the activities of ACC and FAS at day 56. These data suggest that dietary AAE could be applied to improve egg shell quality and modify the lipid status of laying hens and eggs. 相似文献
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Liu WM Zhang J Lu LZ Shi FX Niu D Wang DL Yu B Tao ZR Shen JD Wang DQ Tian Y 《British poultry science》2011,52(3):381-387
1. The aim of this study was to identify the effect of perilla extract, a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids, on lipid metabolism and expression of lipid-related genes in livers of Shaoxing ducks. 2. Two hundred and forty 28-week-old laying ducks received a commercial diet with perilla extract added at 0 (control) or 200 mg/kg of feed. 3. Ducks fed on a diet with perilla extract had increased laying rates compared with control ducks. 4. Serum concentrations of triglycerides were reduced by perilla extract, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total serum cholesterol increased. 5. The expression of genes involved in hepatic lipogenesis, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl CoA carboxylase, stearoyl CoA desaturase, fatty acid synthase, apolipoprotein B, and apolipoprotein very low density lipoprotein, were decreased in the perilla group. 6. The mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase was enhanced following treatment with perilla extract, and a similar tendency was observed in the expression of liver fatty acid-binding protein. 7. The results show that a diet with 200 mg/kg perilla extract regulated fat metabolism of Shaoxing ducks by improving egg laying, altering serum lipid profiles, stimulating lipid catabolic gene expression and inhibiting lipogenic gene expression in the liver. 相似文献
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蚯蚓抗氧化提取液抗氧化作用研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
通过构建超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基体系以及脂蛋白多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)过氧化体系,测定蚯蚓抗氧化提取物在邻苯三酚自氧化体系中对超氧阴离子自由基、Fenton反应体系中对羟基自由基的清除作用及脂蛋白PUFA过氧化体系中对脂质体的抗氧化作用.通过对成年小鼠按时定量地灌喂蚯蚓抗氧化提取物,测定其血液和肝脏抗氧化酶活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,检测蚯蚓抗氧化提取物在成年小鼠体内的抗氧化能力.结果显示,蚯蚓抗氧化提取物在体外自由基体系中具有较强的清除自由基的作用,且对脂质体氧化也有较强的抑制作用;在动物试验中,不同浓度的蚯蚓抗氧化提取物对成年小鼠血液及肝脏的SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活性的升高和MDA含量的减少均有不同程度的影响,并且以10倍稀释的蚯蚓抗氧化提取物影响最显著(P＜0.05),能有效降低小鼠体内的脂质过氧化水平并且防止体内抗氧化酶受自由基诱导的氧化损伤,提高抗氧化酶的活性. 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡蛋品质、脂质代谢和血清抗氧化指标的影响。试验选用240日龄体况良好的余干乌骨鸡120只,随机分成4个组,每个组6个重复,每个重复5只鸡。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中分别添加100、200和400 mg/kg芪枣提取物,试验期为56 d。结果表明：(1)余干乌骨鸡蛋壳黄度随芪枣提取物水平的增加呈线性增加(P<0.05),哈氏单位、蛋黄指数和蛋壳红度呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05),其他蛋品质指标各组之间无显著差异。(2)饲粮中添加芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡血清的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇无显著差异。(3)芪枣提取物对余干乌骨鸡蛋黄胆固醇含量无影响。(4)余干乌骨鸡卵巢中VLDLR和肝脏中HMGR基因表达水平随芪枣提取物添加水平的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。(5)余干乌骨鸡血清中CAT、T-AOC和MDA含量随芪枣提取物水平的增加呈二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加芪枣提取物能够提高余干乌骨鸡的抗氧化能力,并通过调节血清中脂肪代谢和抑制HMGR、VLDLR基因表达水平来调... 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究饲粮添加万寿菊提取物对肉鸡血清生化指标、抗氧化能力和免疫性能的影响。选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡192只,随机分为3组,每组8个重复,每个重复8只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.15%和0.60%的万寿菊提取物,即有效成分叶黄素含量分别为30和120 mg/kg,试验期42 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,1)饲粮添加0.60%万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著降低(P0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平显著升高(P0.05);2)0.15%和0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21和42日龄血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高(P0.05);3)0.60%万寿菊提取物添加组肉鸡21日龄胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊指数显著升高(P0.05),饲粮添加万寿菊提取物使肉鸡血清免疫球蛋白M、免疫球蛋白G和白细胞介素2水平显著升高(P0.05),万寿菊提取物未对肉鸡42日龄免疫器官指数造成显著影响(P0.05)。综上,肉鸡饲粮中添加万寿菊提取物可以提高肉鸡机体的抗氧化能力和免疫性能,且对机体脂代谢有调节作用。 相似文献
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桑枝皮提取物对急性高血脂症小鼠血脂水平的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用单次静脉注射400 mg/kg Triton WR-1339的方法,建立急性高血脂症小鼠模型,灌胃给予桑枝皮提取物(MBBE),18 h后测定小鼠血清中的甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)的浓度,并计算动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)和LDL-C/HDL-C的比值,研究MBBE的降血脂作用。试验结果表明,灌胃MBBE的急性高血脂症小鼠血清中的TG浓度水平得到显著抑制(P<0.05),其中高剂量组(600 mg/kg MBBE)小鼠血清中的TG浓度下降36.6%;灌胃MBBE后,小鼠血清中的TC、LDL-C浓度有所下降,而HDL-C浓度略有增加,其中高剂量组小鼠血清中的TC、LDL-C浓度分别下降8.3%、18.3%,HDL-C浓度升高9.3%;灌胃MBBE后,小鼠血清的AI值和LDL-C/HDL-C比值也明显下降,其中高剂量组分别下降45.6%和28.1%。结果显示,给急性高血脂模型小鼠灌胃给予桑枝皮提取物具有明显的降血脂作用以及降低动脉粥样硬化风险的作用,并且呈现剂量效应。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究地顶孢霉培养物对大鼠生长性能、血清与肝脏抗氧化以及免疫指标的影响。选用体重相近的SD大鼠40只,随机分成5组,每组8个重复,每个重复1只大鼠。5组分别是对照组和4个不同地顶孢霉培养物剂量组(10、50、250和1 250 mg/kg BW组),连续灌胃21 d。结果表明:地顶孢霉培养物极显著提高大鼠的平均日增重(P0.01);提高了大鼠肝脏指数、胸腺指数;提高了大鼠血清中总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)和葡萄糖(GLU)含量,降低了谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活力和低密度脂蛋白(LDL)含量;提高了血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC),降低丙二醛(MDA)含量,同时提高了肝脏中的总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)含量;提高了血清免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G和免疫球蛋白M含量,同时提高血清和肝脏中白介素-4(IL-4)含量,降低白介素-1β(IL-1β)和白介素-17(IL-17)含量。综合各项指标,地顶孢霉培养物能够提高SD大鼠平均日增重,改善血清生化指标,提高大鼠机体抗氧化能力和免疫能力,其中以250 mg/kg BW的添加量为最佳。 相似文献
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Ibrahim WH Szabo J Sunvold GD Kelleher JK Bruckner GG 《American journal of veterinary research》2000,61(5):566-572
OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of dietary lipid and protein on plasma lipoprotein and free fatty acid concentrations and hepatic fatty acid synthesis during weight gain and rapid weight loss in cats. ANIMALS: 24 ovariohysterectomized cats. PROCEDURE: Cats were fed a high energy diet until they gained 30% of their ideal body weight and then randomly assigned to receive 1 of 4 weight reduction diets (6 cats/diet) at 25% of maintenance energy requirements. Diets contained a low or high quality protein source and a lipid source deficient or sufficient in long chain essential fatty acids. Plasma samples and liver biopsy specimens were obtained before and after weight gain and during and after weight loss for determination of free fatty acid, triglyceride, and lipoprotein concentrations. Synthesis of these substances was measured by use of isotope enrichment. RESULTS: Plasma total cholesterol concentration and concentration of lipoprotein fractions increased after weight gain, compared with baseline values. Weight loss resulted in a significant decrease in concentrations of all lipoprotein fractions except high density lipoprotein. High density lipoprotein concentration was significantly greater in cats fed diets containing an oil blend, compared with cats fed diets containing corn oil. Fatty acid synthesis after weight loss was below the detection limit of the measurement technique. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: In cats undergoing rapid weight loss there is neither increased triglyceride synthesis nor decreased transport of very low density lipoproteins from the liver, suggesting that their involvement in the development of hepatic lipidosis may be minimal. 相似文献
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1. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid) inclusion in the diet on the performance, liver function and lipid metabolism in the liver of laying Brown Tsaiya ducks. 2. Sixty 36-week-old laying ducks were selected and allocated at random into 4 dietary treatments with 3 replications for each treatment. Feeding was for 7 weeks with 3 weeks of experimental diets followed by a 4 week withdrawal period. The experimental diets were supplemented with 0, 50, 100 and 300 mg/kg roxarsone, respectively 3. Dietary inclusion of 50 or 100 mg/kg roxarsone did not significantly promote performance. Inclusion of 300 mg/kg significantly depressed (P<0.05) performance, liver weight and content, serum triacylglycerol (TG), serum nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) and increased (P<0.05) cholesterol, creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the serum at the end of 3 weeks on the experimental diet. 4. Laying characteristics returned to normal 4 weeks after withdrawal of roxarsone. The liver weight, fat and TG in the liver and serum concentrations of TG, NEFA, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and AST increased significantly (P<0.05), while the level of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) decreased (P<0.05) at the end of the withdrawal period. More prominent vacuolised hepatic fatty cells were observed in laying ducks treated with 300 mg/kg of roxarsone. 相似文献
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二氢吡啶(diludin)抗蛋鸡脂肪肝的机理 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
30周龄罗曼蛋鸡 80 0只 ,随机分为 2组 (每组设 4个重复 ,每个重复 10 0只 ) ,分别饲喂添加二氢吡啶 (diludin) 0、15 0 m g/ kg的玉米豆粕日粮 ,分别于试验 2 0周和 40周采血和屠宰 ,研究了二氢吡啶抗蛋鸡脂肪肝的机制。结果显示 ,日粮中添加二氢吡啶 ,试验鸡于 5 0、70周龄时 ,肝脂率和腹脂率均显著降低 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;腹脂激素敏感脂酶 (HSL )活性显著提高 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,脂蛋白脂酶 (L PL )活性显著降低 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ,肝脏中NADPH生成酶 - MDH活性显著降低 (P<0 .0 1) ;血清脂肪酶活性和游离脂肪酸、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著提高 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;血清甘油三酯含量降低 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;血清超氧化物歧化酶和 T3 显著提高 (P<0 .0 5或 P<0 .0 1) ;肝脏、腹脂中环腺苷酸 (c AMP)含量显著提高 (P<0 .0 5 )。上述结果表明 ,二氢吡啶通过促进产蛋中后期蛋鸡肝脏中脂肪的迁移和体脂的分解 ,达到抗脂肪肝效果。 相似文献