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1.
Effect of bamboo vinegar on regulation of germination and radicle growth of seed plants 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
Two kinds of bamboo vinegar from madake bamboo (Phyllostachys bambusoides) and moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) were prepared to analyze their components by gas chromatography (GC). The original vinegar, distilled vinegar, ether-extracted
vinegar, and three fractions including acidic, neutral, and phenolic fractions separated from ether-extracted vinegar were
diluted with distilled water 102 to 107 times. These diluted vinegar solutions were used to investigate the effect of bamboo vinegar on the germination and radicle
growth of seed plants. High concentrations of all kinds of treated bamboo vinegars (e.g., 102 of original vinegar and 103 of ether-extracted vinegar) showed strong inhibition against germination of the seeds. However, an appropriate dilution of
bamboo vinegar showed an obvious promotional effect on germination and radicle growth for the four kinds of tested seeds (lettuce,
watercress, honewort, chrysanthemum).
Received: December, 12, 2001 / Accepted: July 29, 2002
RID="*"
ID="*" Part of this paper was presented at the 51st Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Tokyo, April 2001 相似文献
2.
Mu Jun Yu Zhi-ming Wu Wen-qiang Wu Qing-li 《中国林学(英文版)》2006,8(3):43-47
1 Introduction Bamboo vinegar is a condensed acidic liquid obtained in the process of producing bamboo charcoal. It has a special smoky odor and its color is light-yellow to brown. There are over 200 kinds of chemical compo- nents involved and these components mainly include organic acids, phenolic, alkone, alcohol and ester compounds. Of these, acetic acids are the main com- ponents, accounting for about 50% of the organic chemicals. Bamboo vinegar has been found to have an effect on improvi… 相似文献
3.
采集广西桂林北部3个县9个地区的毛竹种子开展育苗试验,分析不同地区毛竹种子的出苗率及苗木生长状况。结果表明：9个地区的毛竹种子发芽率存在极显著差异,其中灌阳4区毛竹种子发芽率最高,灌阳3区毛竹种子发芽率最低;3个县之间的毛竹种子发芽率差异不显著;毛竹种子实生苗地径、苗高及平均根数在9个地区之间存在极显著差异,而根径则无显著差异;3个县之间比较,恭城县毛竹种子实生苗的平均地径最大,而灵川2区的平均苗高最大。利用种子实生苗生长指标进行聚类分析,可将9个地区初步划分为3个种源区。 相似文献
4.
Methanol extractives from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) culms were found to have some regulation effects on the growth of the seed plants tested. They showed inhibition or promotion
of hypocotyl and radicle growth of lettuce, watercress, and chrysanthemum. The methanol extractives were fractionated with
n-hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate. The diethyl ether-soluble fraction contained more phenolic substances than the
other fractions and showed strong inhibition of growth in lettuce seeds. The water-soluble fraction showed a promotion effect
on the hypocotyl growth of lettuce. The water-soluble fraction was heated at 200°C for 8h, and the inhibition effect on the
radicle growth of lettuce decreased and the promotion effect on the hypocotyl growth increased at 0.1% concentration.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
5.
Epidermal peeling (EPT) and steam-heating (SHT) treatments are two widely processing methods in bamboo industry. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) and makino bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi Hayata) are important economical bamboo species in Taiwan and China. The subject of this study was to access the changes of chemical and mechanical properties in moso and makino bamboo culms, which were collected from Taiwan and China after EPT and SHT. As regard to chemical properties, the amounts of extractives and ash were increased both in moso and makino bamboos after EPT and SHT. In contrast, the contains of holocellulose and α-cellulose were decreased after EPT and SHT for two bamboos. Moso bamboo collected from China contained the lowest cellulose content but the highest amount of hemicellulose by SHT. The lignin contents of all samples were no significant different after SHT, and it might due to the structure of lignin did not destroy at 120 °C. For the mechanical properties, the density of all makino and moso bamboo samples was reduced after SHT; moreover, the decreasing trend of density was similar to the reducing of holocellulose, α-cellulose, hemicellulose, and equilibrium moisture content (EMC). All bamboo samples without EPT presented the highest modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) whether SHT or not. Both MOE and MOR of all bamboo samples were decreased after SHT. The integrity of the bamboo skin is important for the dimensional stability of the bamboo, and the water absorption ability would be increased after EPT; however, SHT decreased the water absorption of bamboo. 相似文献
6.
毛竹竹材由于富含淀粉和糖,在适宜的条件下极易受到以此为食的各种霉菌的侵害,给竹材加工业造成重大的损失,因此必须进行竹材的防霉保护。传统的化学药剂浸渍竹材,虽然防霉效果优异,但因其含有对人体有害的化学物质或重金属成分,长期使用会影响人类的身体健康。而利用生物酶进行竹材的防霉处理,不但简便高效,而且绿色无毒。在研究过程中采用7种不同酶量的淀粉酶溶液来处理竹材样品,同时对比了最适加酶量下3种不同处理时间和3种不同处理温度对竹材样品防霉的效果。试验结果表明:随着淀粉酶处理液中酶量的增加,竹材样品的淀粉和还原糖含量下降明显;淀粉酶处理液的处理时间对降低竹材淀粉和还原糖含量起到关键作用,适当延长竹材的酶处理时间有益于降低竹材的淀粉和还原糖含量;适合的淀粉酶处理温度能提高淀粉酶水解效率,降低竹材淀粉和还原糖含量。在竹材的防霉试验中,经淀粉酶溶液处理过的竹材,对3种霉菌(黑曲霉、桔青霉和绿色木霉)均有很好的抗霉效果;随着淀粉酶处理液酶量和处理时间的增加,竹材的防霉性能有了明显的提高。结果表明,最佳淀粉酶处理工艺为:酶量120 U/mL,酶处理时间36 h,酶处理温度95℃。研究结果可为竹材的防霉研究提供参考。 相似文献
7.
MuJun UeharaTohru LiJianzhang FurunoTakeshi 《中国林学(英文版)》2004,6(2):1-5
The antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from two main bamboo species, moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) and madake bamboo (P bambusoides) in Japan, was first evaluated by scavenging free radical of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the inhibition activity for peroxidation of linoleic acid, and the reduction power. The methanol-extracts of moso bamboo culms and madake bamboo leaves presented stronger antioxidant activity compared with DPPH scavenging activity. Methanol-extract of moso bamboo culms was further fractionated by different solvents and n-butanol soluble fraction exhibited the most significant activity in the DPPH scavenging assay. The fractionation of n-butanol soluble extract was isolated by silica gel column with gradient mixture solvent of chloroform and methanol. The isolated fractions were directed by the antioxidant activity measured by scavenging the stable DPPH free radical. It was observed that most of the eluted fractions showed the antioxidative activity. Fractions acquired from elution with the mixture solvent of chloroform and methanol (10:1-5:1) showed stronger antioxidant activity than the other fractions. 相似文献
8.
竹酢液对杉木苗木生长效应和土壤肥力影响的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
通过杉木幼苗的盆栽试验,采用喷施及土壤施入两种施用方法及9个不同浓度处理,分析施用竹酢液后对土壤化学性质以及杉木苗高和地径生长的影响。结果表明:施用竹酢液后,土壤pH无明显变化;H50和P300两种处理可以明显提高土壤全氮和速效磷含量,降低苗木生长过程中土壤速效钾、碱解氮和有机质等指标含量的衰减程度;促进土壤脲酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性;对苗高和地径的生长有明显的促进作用。总体看来,适宜浓度的竹酢液对提高杉木人工林土壤肥力,促进杉木生长有利,其应用前景广泛。 相似文献
9.
10.
Raw moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) was examined to optimize the carbonization and the consecutive air activation procedure. Influence of sample size, nitrogen
flow rate, heating rate and final temperature on the carbon yield and the pore structure was investigated for the raw bamboo.
The short length cutting along bamboo trunk and the increase in heating rate to 40°C/min and nitrogen flow rate up to 500
ml/min was found to be advantageous for the carbonization of raw bamboo at 500°C, resulting in a surface area of 230 m2/g with a bamboo char yield of 25% on dry base. In the next step, effects of air treatment temperature, ash content and its
composition on the pore development were studied for the prepared bamboo char in comparison with coconut shell char. Additional
increase in surface area by 200 m2/g with 97% yield could be achieved conducting the 2-hour air treatment at 280°C for the bamboo char, whereas only a 100 m2/g rise in surface area was attained for the coconut shell char, partly due to the difference in K2CO3 content in the char. 相似文献
11.
高纯度竹醋液的生产技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对炭窑、炭材、燃料、收集工艺、储存条件和精制方法等的分析研究。结果表明:在砖土窑里用无化学污染,立地条件一般的老龄竹、竹材加工剩余物作燃料,收集温度90~160℃,静置8个月,再经精馏处理,能获得高纯度竹醋液。该竹醋液为棕黄色透明的液体,烟焦味淡,密度1.001g/cm3~1.008g/cm3,pH值2.6~3.2,有机酸含量7.5%~10.0%,甲醇和苯酚含量均小于0.01%,可溶解焦油含量0.5%~2.0%。 相似文献
12.
The attractive green color of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) culms fades without chemical treatment. Chromated copper arsenate (CCA) has been used to protect the green color of bamboo, but CCA is harmful to factory workers and the environment. To overcome the toxicity of arsenic in CCA, two chromium-based formulas developed by the authors, chromated copper phosphate (CCP) and chromated phosphate (CP), were evaluated for their protection of the green color of moso bamboo. The results revealed that bamboo treated with CP had a greener color than those treated with CCA or CCP. The concentration, treatment time, and CrO3/H3PO4 ratio in CP solution greatly affected the color of moso bamboo culms. The attractive green color, which resembles the color of fresh-cut moso bamboo, was obtained by treating bamboo with 2% CP solution at 60°C for 3h, using a 11 CrO3/H3PO4 ratio in aqueous solution. In addition, the CP-treated moso bamboo exhibited excellent green color fastness in both accelerated ultraviolet lightfastness testing and outdoor weathering exposure. 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this study was to compare carbon sequestration between moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) and China fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) forests. The study site was located in the lower mountain area of central Taiwan, where both moso bamboo and China fir were rich. In addition, moso bamboo and China fir forests were surveyed on 12 and 19 plantations, respectively. We predicted carbon sequestration based on the allometric model for moso bamboo and China fir forests and compared the relationships between characteristics of bamboo forests and elevation. The results showed that mean diameter at breast height (DBH), culms per hectare and aboveground biomass were not clearly affected by elevation, whereas a negative correlation (R = −0.600, p = 0.039) between mean DBH and stand density was found for moso bamboo forests. Moreover, the aboveground carbon storage was higher for China fir forests than for moso bamboo (99.5 vs. 40.6 Mg ha−1). However, moso bamboo is an uneven-aged stand which is only composed of 1-5-year-old culms, while China fir is an even-aged stand and the age range is from 15 to 54 years, such that, per year, the mean aboveground carbon sequestration is 8.13 ± 2.15 and 3.35 ± 2.02 Mg ha−1 for moso bamboo and China fir, respectively. On the other hand, the mean carbon sequestration of China fir decreases with increasing the age class. Furthermore, the ratio of moso bamboo to China fir is 2.39 and a T-test showed that the aboveground carbon levels were significantly different between these two species; thus, moso bamboo is a species with high potential for carbon sequestration. 相似文献
14.
15.
The alkaline extraction – glucoamylase hydrolysis (AG) method, which extracts sugars and starch by using sodium hydroxide
and hydrolyzes starch by using glucoamylase and α-amylase, was compared with the established ethanol extraction – perchloric acid hydrolysis (EPA) method to analyze the sugar
and starch contents of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel). The results suggested that the two methods had comparable abilities to extract free sugars from moso bamboo. However,
the AG method analyzed starch in moso bamboo more accurately than the EPA method under the proper conditions. When we take
into account the better time performance of the AG method versus the EPA method, we can conclude that the AG method is superior
to EPA for analyzing the sugar and starch contents of moso bamboo. 相似文献
16.
Bamboo is a kind of biological composite reinforced by unidirectional long fibers. The cleavage strength along grain of bamboo internode is low; however, the existence of bamboo node can hinder the propagation of interlaminar crack to make up for the defect of weak opening mode fracture toughness along interlamination. In this article, the double cantilever beam method was applied to test the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of Moso bamboo internode specimens and specimens with node to study the difference of the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness between Moso bamboo internode specimens and specimens with node. The results are shown as follows: the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of Moso bamboo internode specimens was \( G_{{{\text{I}}C}}^{\text{Internode}} \) = 498 J/m2 (SD = 65 J/m2); the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of Moso bamboo specimens with node was \( G_{{{\text{I}}C}}^{\text{Node}}\) = 1,431 J/m2 (SD = 198 J/m2). It can be seen that the Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness of bamboo specimens with node was higher than that of bamboo internode specimens, and the toughness contribution of node to bamboo Mode I interlaminar fracture toughness was 1.87 times. The conclusion was drawn that bamboo node can contribute a lot to hinder the interlaminar fracture of bamboo. 相似文献
17.
18.
以毛竹和重组竹为研究对象,用绵腐卧孔菌(PV)、密粘褶菌(GT)两种褐腐菌和彩绒革盖菌(CV)、变色栓菌(TV)两种白腐菌进行腐朽试验,比较分析了毛竹和重组竹腐朽前后表面视觉性质及其质量损失差异。结果发现:毛竹和重组竹颜色均发生了显著变化,主要表现为明度(L~*)降低,色度值(C)、红绿轴色品指数(a~*)和黄蓝轴色品指数(b~*)显著增大,其中绵腐卧孔菌对毛竹及重组竹的色差影响最大。重组竹(耐绵腐卧孔菌)能达到Ⅰ级强耐腐水平;毛竹(耐绵腐卧孔菌)和重组竹(耐密粘褶菌和彩绒革盖菌)达到了Ⅱ级耐腐水平;毛竹(耐密粘褶菌、彩绒革盖菌和变色栓菌)和重组竹(耐彩绒革盖菌)为Ⅲ级稍耐腐水平。整体来看,重组竹对白腐菌和褐腐菌的耐腐效果好于毛竹。绵腐卧孔菌虽然对毛竹和重组竹的降解能力最弱,但对其颜色变化的影响却最大。扫描电镜可观察到彩绒革盖菌通过毛竹导管壁上的纹孔进入薄壁细胞、伴胞等,同时通过分泌木质素酶导致其细胞壁降解。 相似文献
19.
张家界市漩水林场毛竹林水文生态效益初步研究Ⅰ生态效益计量 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
连续4a的定量研究结果表明,在同一母岩、同一土壤类型上的6种植被,以毛竹林地土壤非毛管孔隙度最大;土壤蓄水能力毛竹林比柏木林大30%,比柳杉林大52%,比杉木林大64%,比灌木林大71%,比草灌荒山大118%,最大蓄水量毛竹林达1304t·hm 相似文献
20.
This study evaluated the protection effectiveness of alcohol-borne reagents for the green color of ma bamboo (Dendrocalamus latiflorus Munro) and moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel). The results show that the types and concentrations of alcohol-borne reagents, the kinds of solvent, and the conditions
of treatment greatly affected the green color of these two bamboo species. Without alkali pretreatment, an excellent green
color protection (a* = −14.5) was obtained when the ma bamboo culms were treated with 0.5% methanol-borne copper chloride (CuCl2) at 60°C for 30 min. Similar results were also obtained when ma bamboo culms were treated with 0.5% methanol-borne copper
nitrate [Cu(NO3)2] at 60°C for 2 h (a* = −13.5). For moso bamboo, an attractive green color in the bamboo culms was achieved by treating the specimens with 1%
methanol-borne copper acetate [Cu(CH3COO)2] at 60°C for 30 min. The a* value of treated specimens was −13.3. In addition, results demonstrated that ultrasonic treatment was more effective on
green color protection than conventional water bath treatment. When moso bamboo was treated with 1% copper acetate at 60°C
in an ultrasonic bath for only 15 min, a remarkable green color with an a* value of −13.6 was obtained on the bamboo epidermis. 相似文献