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紫椴种子萌发抑制物的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
选取饱满的紫椴种子为研究材料,分别用不同浓度的水提取液和甲醇提取液处理白菜种子,48h后观察白菜种子的萌发情况,结果表明：随着水提液浓度的增加,白菜种子的萌发率逐渐降低;随着甲醇提取液浓度的增长,白菜种子的萌发率迅速下降至消失,而经过了80℃减压浓缩处理后的甲醇溶液可以使白菜种子萌发,且萌发率与蒸馏水为对照的相差很小,从而表明紫椴种子中存在种子萌发的抑制物质。 相似文献
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为探讨解除紫椴种子休眠的方法,进行了不同温度层积催芽试验,并在此基础上进行了赤霉素GA_3处理后对紫椴种子萌发过程中贮藏物质的影响研究,结果表明:在前期高温后期低温(T20-5)的处理下种子具有较高的萌发指数,50 mg·L-1GA_3可使紫椴种子可溶性糖含量在萌发初期快速升高,以提高种子对逆境的适应能力;而150 mg·L-1GA_3对可溶性糖含量的增加具有抑制作用。GA_3处理对紫椴种子淀粉分解具有促进作用,但不同层积温度对淀粉水解酶活性有影响,为提高淀粉酶活性和可溶性蛋白含量,可适当提高GA_3浓度。 相似文献
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木兰科植物的种子具有后熟休眠特性,造成播种育苗时出苗不整齐.以二乔玉兰种子为试验材料,采用生理生化测定方法,研究了种子萌发过程中水分、储藏物质含量和酶活性的动态变化.结果表明:(1)坚硬种皮对于种子吸水率具有一定的影响.种子含水率在种子萌发初期呈上升趋势,完整种子和去掉坚硬的种皮种子饱和吸水率分别为34.97％和50.7％,但两者保持一致的吸水进程;(2)种子内储藏物质的含量在种子萌发期间逐渐降低,淀粉和粗脂肪的含量在胚根长3 cm时分别下降了0.29％和9.08％.可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量在胚根长1 cm时下降速度减慢,随后两者的含量呈缓慢升高的趋势.(3)酸性磷酸酶活性与淀粉酶活性总体呈增强的趋势,其中B-淀粉酶活性最大为α-淀粉酶的11倍,酶活性的变化与淀粉、脂肪含量的变化呈显著性负相关.说明二乔玉兰种子吸水促进了酶活性的增加,有效地降解种子内储存的物质为种子萌发提供的充足的营养物质. 相似文献
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紫椴等种子发芽温度的试验研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
研究表明,在种子经过低温催芽处理的条件下,紫椴种子在１０－１５℃发芽最适宜,刺楸种子在１５℃发芽最佳,水曲柳种子发芽温度幅度较大,但最适温度为２０℃,紫椴种子发芽势测定时间为１５天,刺楸,水曲柳种子发芽势测定时间为１０天;种子发芽率测定时间均为３０天;５ｃｍ平均地温与出苗时间密切相关,说明种子实验室发芽温度符合种子发芽自然规律。 相似文献
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对梭砂贝母(Fritillaria delavayi)种子的萌发特性进行研究。结果表明,梭砂贝母种子在浸种6 h后吸水率达到80%以上,不存在吸水障碍;种子浸提液显著抑制塔黄种子萌发,抑制物主要存在于胚乳中;常温层积处理能促进种胚后熟,经过冬季低温层积,次年4月完成胚形态后熟;胚发育完全后仍需低温层积处理才能萌发;15~20℃是种子萌发最适宜的温度。梭砂贝母种子休眠主要是由于胚发育不完全和种子中含有萌发抑制物导致,属于混合休眠类型;低温层积处理可有效打破种子休眠。 相似文献
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紫椴种子休眠原因及催芽处理方法的研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
紫椴种子属深休眠,不经催芽处理当年播种不出苗。为了探讨其休眠原因和催芽处理方法,于1988～1989年进行了试验研究。结果表明,紫椴种皮结构致密,阻止水分和气体透过;种子的胚乳、果皮、种皮均含有发芽抑制物质,其种子水浸液对白菜、萝卜发芽有明显的抑制作用,这二者是造成紫椴种子休眠的重要原因。经对比试验认为,混沙变温催芽处理的效果最好,其中采用1个月高温4个月低温的变温处理,种子场圃发芽率达43.5％,是其他方法处理的1.5～2.0倍,且出苗齐,便于管理。 相似文献
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紫椴种皮透性及种子浸提物生物效应的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用称重和生物测定的方法,对紫椴种皮透水性及种子各部分浸提物的生物效应研究,实验结果表明,紫椴种子种皮透水性较差,不易吸水。紫椴种子的胚乳、种皮、果皮中确实都含有萌发抑制类的物质,按照其抑制强度从大到小依次为种皮、果皮、胚乳(胚),且该抑制物质浸提液浓度高则抑制性强,浸提液浓度低则抑制性弱。紫椴种子胚各有机相及水相对白菜种子发芽率的抑制活性从大到小依次为:乙酸乙酯相,石油醚相,乙醚相,水相,甲醇相;对白菜种子胚根长抑制活性从大到小依次为:石油醚相,水相,乙酸乙酯相,乙醚相,甲醇相。种皮的各有机相及水相对白菜种子发芽率和胚根长的抑制活性从大到小依次为:甲醇相,水相,乙醚相,乙酸乙酯相,石油醚相。果皮的各有机相及水相对白菜种子发芽率和胚根长的抑制活性从大到小依次为:甲醇相,乙酸乙酯相,石油醚相,乙醚相,水相。 相似文献
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毛竹种子萌发对温度和光照的响应 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
在气候箱内模拟环境条件下,探讨了不同温度和光照对毛竹种子萌发的影响。结果表明:光处理和黑暗处理下,毛竹种子萌发的最适温度区域在均为15~30℃,黑暗处理在各温度梯度下的萌发时间都小于或等于光处理,最大萌发速率出现在30℃(光处理)、20℃(黑暗处理),最大萌发率分别出现在黑暗处理的25℃下。控制实验下,10℃黑暗处理下毛竹种子萌发率仍然可以达到8%,在经历了采后3~4个月的储存后,毛竹种子实际萌发率可以达到56%。可以用二次曲线模拟累积萌发率曲线。 相似文献
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对我国６个主要日本落叶松种子园种用价值测验的结果表明，各地种子园的遗传品质差异显著。种用价值大小排序为：天麻＞桓仁＞清凉山＞白旗寨＞赤峰＞大孤家＞对照。初选出遗传品质较高的天麻、桓仁和清凉山种子园，６年生（连苗期）幼林树高、胸径、材积生长量可分别获得８４％—１１０％、１２７％—２６７％、２６９％—６６３％的遗传增益。白旗寨、赤峰和大孤家３个种子园虽有一定改良效果，但都低于总平均水平，并与对照差异不显著。研究结果对豫西地区引种和推行种子园种子造林有重要指导作用对我国６个主要日本落叶松种子园种用价值测验的结果表明，各地种子园的遗传品质差异显著。种用价值大小排序为：天麻＞桓仁＞清凉山＞白旗寨＞赤峰＞大孤家＞对照。初选出遗传品质较高的天麻、桓仁和清凉山种子园，６年生（连苗期）幼林树高、胸径、材积生长量可分别获得８４％—１１０％、１２７％—２６７％、２６９％—６６３％的遗传增益。白旗寨、赤峰和大孤家３个种子园虽有一定改良效果，但都低于总平均水平，并与对照差异不显著。研究结果对豫西地区引种和推行种子园种子造林有重要指导作用 相似文献
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以引进俄罗斯欧洲垂枝桦不同种源种子为材料,对不同种源种子形态及其萌发特性进行研究的结果表明:不同种源种子吸水量没有显著差异,而在种长、种宽、种厚、翅长、翅宽、千粒重、含水率、生活力、发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数存在显著差异;新西伯利亚种源种子最大、质量最重、发育最好、有生活力种子高达82.75%;采用混雪冷藏处理种子萌发能力最强,新西伯利亚种源种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别达到67.63%、55.41%、27.19;而对照种源采用低温冷藏处理种子萌发效果最差,其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别为38.51%、32.42%、11.89。 相似文献
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Uma Shankar 《New Forests》2006,31(2):305-320
In species with seeds losing viability shortly after dispersal and exhibiting inherently low germination, quick decisions are required with respect to seeds that should be selected to maximize germination success and vigorous growth of seedlings. In ‘hollong’ (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus Vesque), I address the following questions: (a) are seeds that germinate randomly distributed within a seed population, (b) are subpopulations of viable and non-viable seeds separable, (c) does seed size predict which seeds germinate and (d) does seed size predict time required for germination and seedling vigour? Two estimators of seed size, diameter and weight, demonstrated a significant positive linear relationship endorsing assumption that accumulation of mass increases with increase in diameter of seeds. A threshold for selection of potential seeds for germination could not be derived from diameter measurements since seeds in an entire range of diameter did or did not germinate. All seeds <11 g did not germinate, but this threshold lies at the far lower end of the weight range and allows rejection of only a few seeds and acceptance of many seeds that will not germinate. A risk of potential seeds being rejected or non-viable seeds being picked exists if selection was derived from either diameter or weight. However, viable seeds could be better predicted from a scatter-plot of diameter on x-axis and weight on y-axis. Seeds showed a fan-shaped scatter and those developing the lower blade of the fan did not germinate while those following the handle were successful. Hence, two subpopulations segregated, but with a fuzzy edge. Mean diameter and mean weight of germinated seeds were significantly greater than those of ungerminated seeds. Most ungerminated seeds were those that had relatively smaller weight compared to their diameter. Although some large diameter seeds with small weight did germinate, but failed to develop into seedlings. Germination time and seedling vigour parameters (height, leaf number and collar diameter) were correlated both with diameter and weight. However, weight appears to have mattered more than diameter in germination success and early seedling growth. 相似文献
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野鸭椿种子发芽试验分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
促进野鸭椿种子的萌发,关键在于解决其种皮的坚硬致密和蜡质层等阻碍种胚吸水的问题.一定温度的热水浸泡种子,可以软化蜡质层和木质种皮,促进种子吸水膨胀,开裂发芽.水温高低和浸泡时间影响处理效果,水温太低,效果不明显,过高的温度长时间浸泡易对种子内部细胞造成伤害.经方差分析、多重比较等方法,对实验室发芽试验和圃地发芽试验所获... 相似文献
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Qi-He Yang Xiao Wei Xian-Lu Zeng Wan-Hui Ye Xiao-Juan Yin Wang Zhang-Ming Yun-Sheng Jiang 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008
Camellia nitidissima Chi (Theaceae) is a famous ornamental species with golden-yellow flowers. Due to deforestation and destructive collection of seedlings, its natural population size has been reduced greatly in recent decades. To provide basic information for its conservation, we studied the morphological and physiological characteristics of seeds and the environmental factors influencing germination. The seed production of C. nitidissima was of low yield, which caused lack of seed resource. The seeds were big and heavy, so they did not spread far from the mother trees and did not enter soil after falling down. Optimal temperatures for seed germination were 25–30 °C. The fresh-harvested seeds had high moisture content and weak desiccation-tolerance, so they tended to be recalcitrant. Soaking for 24 h in 10–30% PEG solution could significantly reduce the seed germination percentage. The imbibed seeds placed on the soil surface mostly could germinate, but some of them could not develop into seedlings because the embryo roots did not grow into soil. When the seeds were sowed at the depth of 1 cm, the seedling emergence reached over 70%, but then decreased with increased sowing depth, and reached about 50% when at the depth of 5 cm. The seeds sowed in sandy soil had higher emergence than those in clayed soil. It is feasible for seedling nursing to harvest seeds in time, harvesting prematurely or postmaturely may reduce seed quality. 相似文献
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为了掌握野生欧洲李种子萌发特性,探讨野生欧洲李实生繁殖规律,以新疆野生欧洲李为研究对象,观察种子形态,测定种子千粒质量、种皮透水性、种子含水量、种子活力,测定种子浸提液对白菜种子发芽和胚根生长抑制活性的影响。结果表明:新疆野生欧洲李种子的种皮透水性比较差;种子含水量为30.57%;TTC法检测种子活力为81.67%;4℃低温沙藏层积的野生欧洲李种子,在处理后90 d种子出现萌发,持续层积200 d后总萌发率为47%;种子各部分浸提液对白菜种子发芽率作用不明显,但对胚根生长有明显的抑制作用,随着浸提液浓度增长,对白菜种子发芽抑制活性越强,其胚根长度越短;随着野生欧洲李层积天数的增加,浸提液处理的白菜种子胚根长度增加;野生欧洲李种子各部分浸提物对白菜种子发芽抑制活性顺序为:种胚最强,种皮次之,种壳最弱。 相似文献
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采用3种不同的方法对杜松种子进行催芽处理实验,结果表明:相比于混砂催芽方法和温、冷水交替浸种催芽法,采用热水浸种、变温催芽方法处理的种子,播种后出苗时间短,苗齐,其1年生幼苗高生长、地径以及壮苗数量都较高。在育苗上,热水浸种、变温催芽方法要好于其它两种方法。 相似文献
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不同种子处理方法对铁刀木种子萌发的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
铁刀木是一种多用途树种,广泛分布于东南亚国家和中国的云南、广东、广西和福建等地.种子种皮透水性差,必须经过适当处理提高种皮透性才能萌发.本文对铁刀木种子自然储藏特性与种子萌发方法进行试验,结果表明:铁刀木新鲜种子的发芽率可达95%以上,随着储藏时间的增加,其发芽率逐渐降低,储存3个月后,种子发芽率迅速降低,其发芽率只有75%,储存9个月后种子发芽率只有30%左右.在有光条件下的发芽率和发芽势明显高于不需光条件处理,萌发天敷比不需光条件下的萌发天数缩短了38.6d.采用破伤种皮、用80℃温水浸泡2,0min和80%硫酸浸泡种子15min处理对铁刀木种子萌发均有促进作用,与对照相比,发芽势明显提高,萌发天数明显缩短.特别是80%硫酸浸泡和破伤种皮在缩短萌发天教更为明显,比对照缩短了120d以上.由于破伤种皮比较费时费力,因此,在进行铁刀木种子育苗时,一般不宜采用.采用80%硫酸浸泡种子15min或80℃温水浸种30min,可有效提高种子萌发的整齐度和缩短发芽时间. 相似文献
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To understand the natural regeneration of manchurian ash and the seed banks undervarious secondary stands,we have investigated the seed quantity and vitality of major trees in theground floor of the stands.in natural secondary stands and dahurian larch plantations with seedsourcc of manchurian ash around them,the vital seed numbers of valuable trees(mono maple,manchurian ash,amur linden,manchurian linden,manchurian walnut)are 20933/ha and18000/ha respectively.The numbers of manchurian ash seeds are 110OO/ha and 12133/harespectively.It has been found that litter affects the seedling recruitment of manchurian ash.Whenthe seeds were sown on the litter and under the litter respectively,the final seeding recruitment rateswere 17.9 and 28.9％ respectively.The peak of seedling recruitment in the former case occurred oneyear later. 相似文献