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<正>0 引言河南省是我国玉米小麦的种植大省,玉米和小麦的种植面积常年保持在3 800千公顷和5 670千公顷以上。玉米黄花叶病毒(maize yellow mosaic virus, MaYMV)是2016年在我国云南省玉米上首次发现的一种新病毒[1],属于马铃薯卷叶病毒属(polerovirus),能够引起玉米植株叶片黄化、花叶、红叶等症状[6],之后该病毒在亚洲[1-2]、非洲[3-4]、南美洲[5]等地区禾本科作物上均有发现, 相似文献
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<正>0引言山药(Dioscorea oppositifolia L．)是薯蓣科薯蓣属植物,可作为药用或食用材料[1],广泛分布于全球热带及亚热带地区,在我国河南、山东、江苏、广西和江西等省份都有种植。山药生产中以块茎无性繁殖方式为主,导致病毒病发生严重[2]。侵染山药的病毒主要包括马铃薯Y病毒属(Potyvirus)[3]、杆状DNA病毒属(Badnavirus)[4]、香石竹潜隐病毒属(Carlavirus)[5]以及蚕豆病毒属(Fabavirus)[6]的一些病毒。 相似文献
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<正>0引言凤仙花(Impatiens balsamina)为凤仙花科(Balsaminaceae)凤仙花属(Impatiens)一年生草本植物,在我国大部分地区均有分布。栽培过程中凤仙花真菌病害主要有白粉病、褐斑病、炭疽病和立枯病等[1-2]。有关凤仙花病毒病的报道,如番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt virus,TSWV)[3]、凤仙花坏死斑点病毒(impatiens necrotic spot virus,INSV)[4]、黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)[5-6]、烟草花叶病毒(tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)[7]、番茄花叶病毒(tomato mosaic virus,ToMV)[8]、长叶车前花叶病毒(ribgrass mosaic virus,RMV)[9]等均可侵染凤仙花。 相似文献
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<正>0引言西瓜银斑驳病毒(watermelon silver mottle virus,WSMoV)是番茄斑萎病毒科(Tospoviridae)正番茄斑萎病毒属(Orthotospovirus)病毒，主要通过蓟马以持久增殖型方式传播[1-2]。WSMoV病毒粒子球状，外具包膜，基因组为三分体负单链RNA，分别为L RNA、M RNA和S RNA[1,3]。1982年IWAKI等最先在日本冲绳县发现WSMoV为害西瓜，在叶片上产生银色斑驳症状，遂命名为西瓜银斑驳病毒[4]；随后，中国台湾、泰国、印度等地陆续报道该病毒[1,5-6]。 相似文献
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引起花生果腐病的新孢镰刀菌及其生物学特性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
<正>0引言花生果腐病(俗称花生烂果病)是一种世界性土传病害,主要导致花生荚果腐烂。近年来花生果腐病在我国山东、河南、河北等花生主产区日趋严重,造成15%以上的减产甚至绝收[1]。国内外已报道的花生果腐病病原菌有Sclerotium minor[2]、Neocosmospora vasinfecta[3,4]、N. striata[5]、Fusarium sp.[6]、Pythium myriotylum[7]和Rhizoctonia solani[8]。其中,我国不同地域的花生果腐病病原菌有N. vasinfecta[3,4]、N. striata[5]、Fusarium sp.[6]、P. myriotylum[7]和R. solani[8]。 相似文献
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<正>油梨(Persea americana Mill.)又名鳄梨、酪梨，原产于墨西哥与中美洲高原，其营养丰富，含有多种维生素、脂肪酸、蛋白质、维生素等[1]。随着油梨的规模化种植，病虫害问题也随之发生，炭疽病是油梨叶部常见病害之一。国外有学者报道油梨果实炭疽病病原菌有Colletotrichum gloeosporioides[2]、C. acutatum[3]等。近日，我国学者报道来自海南儋州的油梨炭疽菌病原菌为C. siamense[4]，还有学者分析了购自广州一水果商铺油梨果(进口自秘鲁)上的炭疽病病原菌种类为果生刺盘孢(C. fructicola)[5]。 相似文献
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对云南省文山市、昆明市、红河州、曲靖市的三七主要种植区进行病毒病调查及相关病毒检测,发现病毒病在上述地区均有发生,年平均发病率均在5%以上,且种植年限越长发病率越高,已成为三七上仅次于根腐病的主要病害。三七病毒病症状类型复杂多样,主要有白化、黄化、褪绿、斑驳、皱缩、卷叶和坏死等。利用PCR/RT-PCR对2011年~2015年,以及2017年采集的466份疑似病毒病样品进行检测,发现侵染三七的病毒主要有三七Y病毒(Panax virus Y,PnVY)、中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒(tomato yellow leaf curl China virus,TYLCCNV)及其卫星(tomato yellow leaf curl China betasatellite,TYLCCNB)、三七A病毒(Panax notoginseng virus A,PnVA)和烟草扭脉病毒(tobacco vein distorting virus,TVDV),基中PnVY为当前为害云南三七的优势病毒,TVDV在三七上侵染为害系黄症病毒科成员侵染人参属植物的首次报道。PnVY、TYLCCNV、PnVA和TVDV的平均检出率分别为51.5%、31.9%、10.7%和7.0%,存在PnVY + TYLCCNV、PnVY + PnVA以及PnVA + TVDV复合侵染的现象,复合侵染的检出率分别为20.6%、3.4%和0.3%。未检测到番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt tospovirus,TSWV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、烟草花叶病毒属(Tobamovirus)病毒、毛形病毒属(Crinivirus)病毒,以及菜豆金色花叶病毒属(Begomovirus)中除TYLCCNV以外的其他病毒。 相似文献
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云南三七病毒病的发生及病毒种类检测 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对云南省文山市、昆明市、红河州、曲靖市的三七主要种植区进行病毒病调查及相关病毒检测,发现病毒病在上述地区均有发生,年平均发病率均在5%以上,且种植年限越长发病率越高,已成为三七上仅次于根腐病的主要病害。三七病毒病症状类型复杂多样,主要有白化、黄化、褪绿、斑驳、皱缩、卷叶和坏死等。利用PCR/RT-PCR对2011年~2015年,以及2017年采集的466份疑似病毒病样品进行检测,发现侵染三七的病毒主要有三七Y病毒(Panax virus Y,PnVY)、中国番茄黄化曲叶病毒(tomato yellow leaf curl China virus,TYLCCNV)及其卫星(tomato yellow leaf curl China betasatellite,TYLCCNB)、三七A病毒(Panax notoginseng virus A,PnVA)和烟草扭脉病毒(tobacco vein distorting virus,TVDV),基中PnVY为当前为害云南三七的优势病毒,TVDV在三七上侵染为害系黄症病毒科成员侵染人参属植物的首次报道。PnVY、TYLCCNV、PnVA和TVDV的平均检出率分别为51.5%、31.9%、10.7%和7.0%,存在PnVY + TYLCCNV、PnVY + PnVA以及PnVA + TVDV复合侵染的现象,复合侵染的检出率分别为20.6%、3.4%和0.3%。未检测到番茄斑萎病毒(tomato spotted wilt tospovirus,TSWV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、烟草花叶病毒属(Tobamovirus)病毒、毛形病毒属(Crinivirus)病毒,以及菜豆金色花叶病毒属(Begomovirus)中除TYLCCNV以外的其他病毒。 相似文献
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从云南武定的滇重楼上得到一个病毒分离物Paris-YN,病毒粒体为弯曲线状。利用RT-PCR扩增获得一条1074bp的片段,序列比较分析发现其与马铃薯X病毒属(Potexvirus)病毒3'末端的结构最为相似,且与属内的白三叶草花叶病毒等20个不同分离物3'末端有36.7%~58.9%的同源性;该病毒cp基因长639个核苷酸,编码212个氨基酸(22.8kDa),与20个Potexvirus病毒分离物的CP氨基酸序列比较发现,Paris-YN与白三叶草花叶病毒的CP氨基酸同源性最高(60.1%)。证据表明,该分离物可能为Potexvirus的新成员,暂命名为重楼X病毒(Paris polyphylla virus X)。 相似文献
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In this study,the causal agents were identified from Canna indica viral diseased plants in Yunnan Province.The diseased C.indica plants mainly exhibited the symptoms like veinal chlorosis and yellowing,streak mosaic or interveinal chlorosis,while older leaves always showed veinal necrosis as well as chlorosis.Viral pathogens were detected by RT-PCR/PCR in 24 diseased C.indica samples collected from Kunming and Yuxi City in Yunnan Province.The results indicated that the main C.indica-infecting viruses were canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV),bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV),sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV).CaYMV showed the highest detection rate of 87.5 %,whereas,the BYMV had the lowest rate of 16.7% in the 24 samples.Co-infections of CaYMV+SCMV,CaYMV+BYMV and CaYMV+SCMV+BYMV were also detected in the diseased samples.However,cucumber mosaic virus (CMV),tobamovirus,luteovirus,orthotospovirus,begomovirus and umbravirus were not detected in these samples.This is the first report of CaYMV and SCMV infecting C.indica in Yunnan province. 相似文献
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Viral diseased Passiflora edulis samples showing mosaic, shrinking, chlorosis, and malformation were collected from Yuxi, Wenshan, Dehong, and Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province. Forty diseased samples were detected by RT-PCR/PCR using degenerate primers of members in genera of Umbravirus, Tobamovirus, Luteovirus, Orthotospovirus, Begomovirus, Badnavirus, Potyvirus and specific primers of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). Results showed that CMV, telosma mosaic virus (TeMV) and papaya leaf curl Guangdong virus (PaLCuGdV) were detected in the diseased P. edulis samples. CMV showed the highest detection rate of 27.5 %, while TeMV and PaLCuGdV had the rates of 20.0% and 7.5% respectively among the P. edulis samples. Mixed infections of PaLCuGdV+CMV, PaLCuGdV+TeMV and CMV+TeMV were also found in these samples. The 657 nucleotide (nt) CMV full-length coat protein (CP) gene was cloned and sequenced from two diseased samples in Yuxi (YYXi-JDG, Acc. No. MW495062) and Xishuangbanna (YXSBN-JDG, Acc. No. MW495063), respectively. These two CMV isolates shared 97.3% identity of nt sequence with each other, while had 76.9%-97.7% and 77.0%-98.2% nt identity with other CMV isolates, respectively. Phylogenetic tree showed that the two CMV isolates from P. edulis belonged to CMV subgroup Ⅰ, and no obvious geographic differentiation and host specificity relationship was found among the selected 33 CMV isolates worldwide. 相似文献
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合肥地区发生的西瓜花叶病的病原鉴定 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
从合肥市郊区的西瓜病叶上分离出一病毒分离物,该分离物的热钝化温度为60~65℃,稀释终点为10-4~10-5,寄主体外存活期为20~23 d,电镜观察病毒粒子约750 nm×13 nm。参考已发表的小西葫芦黄化花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV) CP基因序列设计引物,RT-PCR扩增得到CP基因片段。将该CP片段克隆到pGEM-3Zf (+)中,测序结果表明,该CP基因全长840 nt,共编码279个氨基酸,与国内报道的ZYMV CP基因的核苷酸序列同源性为83.0%~97.3%,氨基酸序列的同源性为91.8%~99.8%,证明该分离物为ZYMV。 相似文献
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In this study,the causal agents were identified from Canna indica viral diseased plants in Yunnan Province.The diseased C.indica plants mainly exhibited the symptoms like veinal chlorosis and yellowing,streak mosaic or interveinal chlorosis,while older leaves always showed veinal necrosis as well as chlorosis.Viral pathogens were detected by RT-PCR/PCR in 24 diseased C.indica samples collected from Kunming and Yuxi City in Yunnan Province.The results indicated that the main C.indica-infecting viruses were canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV),bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV),sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV).CaYMV showed the highest detection rate of 87.5 %,whereas,the BYMV had the lowest rate of 16.7% in the 24 samples.Co-infections of CaYMV+SCMV,CaYMV+BYMV and CaYMV+SCMV+BYMV were also detected in the diseased samples.However,cucumber mosaic virus (CMV),tobamovirus,luteovirus,orthotospovirus,begomovirus and umbravirus were not detected in these samples.This is the first report of CaYMV and SCMV infecting C.indica in Yunnan province. 相似文献
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为明确云南雾水葛表现叶片黄化、花叶等症状的植株是否被菜豆金色黄花叶病毒属病毒侵染,本研究通过PCR扩增、克隆测序及核苷酸序列特征分析,确定样品中病原种类及其系统进化关系。结果显示,该病样中检测到雾水葛金色花叶病毒(pouzolzia golden mosaic virus,PouGMV),该分离物全基因组具有典型的菜豆金色花叶病毒属单组分病毒结构特征,与来自越南的Vietam分离物(KC857508)亲缘关系最近,相似性最高达94.6%,与PouGMV其他分离物亲缘关系相对较远,相似性在88.9%~93.2%之间。病毒alpha卫星分子检测及分析显示,该样品中检测到的alpha卫星分子,其全长核苷酸序列与云南番茄黄化曲叶alpha卫星(tomato yellow leaf curl Yunnan alphasatellite,TYLCYnA)相似性最高,达到92.3%。研究结果表明云南雾水葛中分离到PouGMV,且异源伴随TYLCYnA卫星分子。这是雾水葛金色花叶病毒伴随alpha卫星分子侵染雾水葛的首次报道。 相似文献