共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
椰园/牧草间作:牧草的适应性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
进行了15种热带牧草在椰园间作的适应性试验,调查了它们的产量情况和生产参数并作统计分析。结果表明:在幼龄椰园内,间作豆科牧草和禾本科牧草,均可获得较高的经济产量;在光照强度大于30％的成龄椰园内,可间作多数禾本科牧草,并能获得一定的经济产量,但不宜间作豆科牧草;在光照强度低于30％的成龄椰园内,不宜于绝大多数牧草问作。间作于幼龄椰园的牧草产值可达1.0~3.0万元/hm2;间作于成龄椰园的禾本科牧草产值可达0.5～2.0万元/hm2。 相似文献
4.
5.
决明属（Chamaecrista spp）豆科牧草8个品种化感潜力的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究决明属（Chamaecrista spp.）豆科牧草8个品种[圆叶决明（Chamaecrista rotundifolia）CPI86134、CPI34721、CPI86178、CPI3248、ATF2232、CPI57503和羽叶决明（Chamaecrasta nictitans）ATF2217、ATF2219]对禾本科牧草百喜草（Paspalum notatum）的化感作用,以确定该8个豆科牧草品种的化感潜力。结果表明,8个决明属豆科牧草品种具有较强的化感作用;随着浓度的逐渐降低,8个品种开花期浸提液的化感抑制作用逐渐减弱,结荚期浸提液的化感促进作用逐渐加强;同一品种,同一生长时期,不同浓度（5%、7.5%和10%）的化感作用综合效应表现不同;同一生长时期,同一浓度,不同品种的化感综合效应表现也不同。可见,决明属牧草8个品种的化感作用受浓度、生长时期和品种的影响。 相似文献
6.
椰园/牧草间作:主间作物之间相互的影响 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
进行了椰园间作牧草生态系统的研究。通过不同类型椰园间作不同品种牧草的适应性试验,观测了不同主间作物栽培方式中椰园根系分布、土壤养分与温度、主间作物生长及产量等方面的变化。结果表明:(1)在种植密度为10m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度约在50%以上)中,禾本科和豆科牧草均能正常生长;在8m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度约在30%左右)中,多数牧草品种能正常生长;在6m×6m的椰园(相对光照强度不足30%)中,只有少数禾本科牧草能基本正常生长。(2)禾本科牧草与椰树组成的系统稳定性比豆科牧草的好。(3)间作物一般应距幼树1m、成龄树2m以外的地方种植。(4)合理压青培肥与科学防治金龟子害虫,有利于加强主间作物生态系统的稳定性。 相似文献
7.
本文综述国内外采用野生抗盐植物、禾本科与豆科牧草、抗盐经济林木、花卉与抗盐农作物品种改良利用盐碱地的成就，抗盐种质资源开发利用现状与前景。 相似文献
8.
盐碱地的生物改良与抗盐植物的开发利用 总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19
本文综述国内外采用野生抗盐植物、禾本科与豆科牧草、抗盐经济林木、花卉与抗盐农作物品种改良利用盐碱地的成就，抗盐种质资源开发利用现状与前景。 相似文献
9.
1999～2011年,针对云南干热河谷自然生态条件,从国内外收集、引进278份牧草资源。根据牧草种质植物学特征和生物学习性,开展了137份牧草资源调查,经生育期、营养价值、生产价值及抗逆性评价,筛选出热研4号王草、红象草、热研8号坚尼草、多花黑麦草、百喜草、新银合欢、木豆、热研2号柱花草、甘农3号紫花苜蓿、提那罗新诺顿豆等一批适应干热河谷种植、应用在本区生态养殖和生态环境建设的优良牧草。这些牧草表现出一定的速生性,生长季生物产量高。其中热带牧草抗逆性强,能够抵御干热河谷高温干旱生态环境;豆科牧草粗蛋白含量 相似文献
10.
国外绿肥、牧草引种试种报告 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
1984年,我所受省科委情报所的委托,对引进国外优良绿肥、牧草进行为期三年的试种试验.该项是由澳大利亚华侨邱文明先生先后提供豆科绿肥11种,禾本科牧草7种在我所进行试种观察,并从中筛选出适合我区发展的种类品种5～7个.经三年工作,已基本完成任务,于1987年8月上旬,由省情报所组织了验收组,通过验收肯定了在闽南三角州的经济条件和我所的实际情况下发展以豆科绿肥为主的方向.现将试验结果总结如下: 相似文献
11.
Novel food and non-food uses for sorghum and millets 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
Sorghum and millets have considerable potential in foods and beverages. As they are gluten-free they are suitable for coeliacs. Sorghum is also a potentially important source of nutraceuticals such antioxidant phenolics and cholesterol-lowering waxes. Cakes, cookies, pasta, a parboiled rice-like product and snack foods have been successfully produced from sorghum and, in some cases, millets. Wheat-free sorghum or millet bread remains the main challenge. Additives such as native and pre-gelatinised starches, hydrocolloids, fat, egg and rye pentosans improve bread quality. However, specific volumes are lower than those for wheat bread or gluten-free breads based on pure starches, and in many cases, breads tend to stale faster. Lager and stout beers with sorghum are brewed commercially. Sorghum's high-starch gelatinisation temperature and low beta-amylase activity remain problems with regard to complete substitution of barley malt with sorghum malt . The role of the sorghum endosperm matrix protein and cell wall components in limiting extract is a research focus. Brewing with millets is still at an experimental stage. Sorghum could be important for bioethanol and other bio-industrial products. Bioethanol research has focused on improving the economics of the process through cultivar selection, method development for low-quality grain and pre-processing to recover valuable by-products. Potential by-products such as the kafirin prolamin proteins and the pericarp wax have potential as bioplastic films and coatings for foods, primarily due to their hydrophobicity. 相似文献
12.
为了促进贵州观光农业与生态环境的协调发展,本研究对传统绿肥贵州山地景观化利用潜力进行评价。以贵州主要种植的传统绿肥光叶苕子（Vicia villosa var.）、紫云英（Astragalus sinicus L.）、箭筈豌豆（Vicia sativa L.）、肥田萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）、山黧豆（Lathyrus cicera L.）、油葵（Oil-sunflower）、二月兰[Orychophragmus violaceus （L.） O.E. Schulz]为研究对象,分析其花朵时空分布特征、花朵视觉特性等景观效益,以及各绿肥作物的生长特性及养分效益。二月兰的开花时间最早,随后是肥田萝卜、山黧豆、紫云英,接着是光叶苕子、箭筈豌豆,而油葵是夏季绿肥,初花期为6月中旬,花穗期17~43 d,花期长短表现依次为二月兰>肥田萝卜>油葵>光叶苕子>紫云英>山黧豆>箭筈豌豆。花朵分布高度为油葵150~200 cm、肥田萝卜75~95 cm、二月兰与光叶苕子及箭筈豌豆25~50 cm、紫云英和山黧豆15~25 cm。单株花朵数光叶苕子最多。单朵花面积油葵最大。单株花面积光叶苕子最大。结合观光与保育目标,可利用绿肥作物打造2—3月间的二月兰蓝紫色花海,3—4月间的紫云英紫红色花海、肥田萝卜白色花海,4月间的光叶苕子紫色花海,6—7月间的油葵黄色花海,以丰富贵州观光休闲农业的观光色调,延长观光时间,实现观光品牌的多样化。 相似文献
13.
J. Jayaramudu D. Jeevan Prasad Reddy B. R. Guduri A. Varada Rajulu 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(3):338-342
The ligno-cellulose natural fabric from the polyalthia cerasoides tree was analyzed by FTIR, chemical, X-ray and thermo gravimetric methods. The morphology of the fibers was studied by scanning
electron and polarized optical microscopic methods. The tensile properties were also studied. The effect of alkali treatment
on the properties of the fabric was studied. The FTIR and chemical analyses indicated lowering of hemi-cellulose and lignin
content on alkali treatment of the fabric. The tensile properties were found to increase on alkali treatment. The x-ray diffraction
revealed an increase in crystallinity of the fabric on alkali treatment. The thermal stability of the fabric was also found
to increase on alkali treatment. The properties of this fabric were compared with those of two natural fabrics reported in
the literature. This uniaxial fabric has sufficient tensile modulus and can be used as reinforcement in the development of
green composites. 相似文献
14.
Summary Recurrent backcrosses (BC) were used to introduce nuclear factors ofS. tuberosum L. ssp.tuberosum into the cytoplasm of Andean potatoesS. tuberosum ssp.andigena (Juz. and Buk.) Hawkes andS. phureja Juz. and Buk. Each generation BC was produced in reciprocal directions to test the effect of cytoplasmic substitution on
yield. This report analyses tuber number, tuber weight, and tuber length of BC2 and BC3 substitution into ssp.andigena cytoplasm and BC2 and BC2 substitutions intoS. phureja cytoplasm. Direction of cross had no consistent significant effect on yield components of ssp.andigena substitution lines. InS. phureja reciprocal progenies direction of cross was responsible for significant differences of some reciprocal sets. When there were
significant differences the higher yield usually occurred when ssp.tuberosum was the pistillate parent, but in some progenies when ssp.tuberosum was the pistillate parent the yield was significantly lower than in the reciprocals. It is suggested that differences between
reciprocals resulted from chromosomally encoded gene action, resulting from maternal and/or paternal effects, rather than
cytoplasmic factors.
Authorized for publication as paper No. 7494 in the Journal Series of The Pennsylvania Agriculture Experiment Station. 相似文献
15.
Summary The viability of five pathogens was decreased by treatment with hot water when tested in vitro.Polyscytalum pustulans was most sensitive andRhizoctonia solani least sensitive.
Potato tubers were exposed to 55°C for 5 min in a commercial continuous hot water treatment plant using naturally contaminated
seed tubers and tubers which had been inoculated by dipping in comminuted cultures. The frequency of eyes colonised byP. pustulans, Helminthosporium solani, andR. solani was reduced to virtually zero and the effect persisted on tubers subsequently stored at 4°C and at 15°C for up to 16 wk.
Results withColletotrichum coccodes were inconclusive. Treatment suppressedPenicillium spp. which, however, rapidly recolonised the eyes during storage, leading to higher contamination levels in the treated than
in the untreated tubers. With tubers inoculated withPhoma foveata, good control was achieved when the incubation period before treatment was 10 d but not when the period was 42 d. 相似文献
16.
《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(2):81-114
Summary The efficiency of N fertilizers is usually poor; often less than 50% of the applied N is taken up by the crop. This review focuses on various N fertilizers with respect to the significance of different N loss pathways, namely (i) ammonia volatilization, (ii) dinitrogen and nitrogen oxide emissions, and (iii) nitrate leaching. Further, the significance of biological N immobilization, ammonium fixation and, finally, the impact of nitrate vs. ammonium uptake on crop yield are also discussed. The reviewed literature shows that N fertilizers may differ markedly in their susceptibility to losses. There is, however, considerable scope to improve N efficiency of each N source by proper N management practices. 相似文献
17.
１９８８－１９９２年，在黑龙江省北部研究了与大豆菌核病发病率显著相关的因子。在菌核史较重的田块中，大豆菌核病的发病率和大豆开花期间的气象因子，表现了显著的相关。经电子计算机进行多元逐步回归分析，建立了大豆菌核病年发病程度拟合方程：Ｙ＝－１２８．３２８＋０．１１５５１ｘ１＋４．０６０６４ｘ２－０．１２５６９ｘ３，复相关系数Ｒ＝０．９９９９９３，经检验，理论值和实际调查值拟合很好。通过大豆盛花期间田间 相似文献
18.
Summary Genes ofSolanum tuberosum L. ssp.tuberosum were introduced into cytoplasm ofS. tuberosum ssp.andigena (Juz. & Buk.) Hawkes andS. phureja Juz. & Buk. to reduce cytoplasmic sterilities. Alleles that influenced berry set and seed content produced differences between
reciprocal progenies. Their expressions were interpreted in terms of genes of the maternal and/or paternal parents. When the
ssp.andigena genotype was introduced from the maternal parent if favoured high berry set and low seed number. Maternal ssp.tuberosum favoured lower berry set and higher seed number. The source ofS. phureja cytoplasm, aS. phureja×S. chacoense F1, used as maternal parent favoured lower berry and seed set. During successive backcrosses progeny expressions approached
those of the recurrent ssp.tuberosum pollen parents. A low level of pollen sterility occurred in BC2 plants, unrelated to direction of cross or cytoplasmic factors. By BC4, seed set and fertility were as good as ssp.tuberosum, and recurrent backcrossing could be terminated without loss of seed production or fertility.
Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Series No. 7493. 相似文献
19.
大豆属多年生野生种及栽培种种子蛋白质电泳分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS—PAGE)法分析了5个多年生野生种及栽培种的种子水溶性蛋白。结果表明:各个种基本都有其特征电泳图谱。多年生野生种G.latifolia.G.microphylla及栽培种G.max的种内蛋白质图谱较为一致,而多年生野生种G.falcata,G.tabacinaG.tomentella种内蛋白质图谱则差异较大。种间蛋白质图谱比较表明:多年生野生种G.latifolia,G.micropylla、G.tabacina之间亲缘关系较近,而其他种间关系较远。野生种G.tomentella与栽培种G.max有较近的亲缘关系。 相似文献
20.
K. N. Suseelan C. R. Bhatia R. Mitra 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》1997,50(3):211-222
Two major lectins, MBL-I and MBL-II, were purified fromVigna radiata L. seeds using ion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography techniques. MBL-I was found to be a tetramer with native M.W.
of 132 kDa and subunit M.W. of 33 kDa having α-galactosidase activity. MBL-II consisted of two monomeric lectins with M.W.
of 94 kDa and 89 kDa which were associated mainly with β-galactosidase activity. Both MBL-I and MBL-II are D-galactose-specific
lectins. 相似文献