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以和田县骏枣为试材,分别于2014年10月7日、14日、24日、30日及11月7日进行采样,对样品的果实性状及主要品质指标进行了测定,研究了不同采摘期对和田骏枣品质的影响。结果表明:随着采摘期的推迟,和田骏枣的单果质量、果核质量、可食率、含水量均是先增加再减小;果实的纵横径与果核的纵横径变化趋势基本一致;维生素C含量不断降低,可滴定酸、总糖含量增加,这3个指标均在10月30日变幅显著。和田骏枣的含水量、可滴定酸、维生素C含量与总糖含量在采摘期内有显著性差异。综合和田骏枣的各项指标,认为10月24—30日为最佳的采摘期。 相似文献
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以宁夏枸杞新品系“宁农杞15号”干果果实为试材,采用方差分析及主成分分析的方法,研究了不同篱架树形、不同采摘期对枸杞果实中营养成分含量的影响,以期找出最适宜“宁农杞15号”果实营养成分积累的树形。结果表明：果实中总糖、黄酮、类胡萝卜素含量在不同树形、不同采摘期下均存在显著差异,且二者对含量的影响存在交互效应;枸杞多糖含量仅在不同采摘期存在显著差异,其为主效应因子;甜菜碱含量仅在主干形的不同采摘期下以及6月29日的不同树形下存在显著差异,但二者对含量的影响存在交互效应。随着时间推移,果实中总糖含量递增、黄酮含量递减、枸杞多糖含量先减后增,甜菜碱与类胡萝卜素则均呈先增后减的趋势;不同树形条件下,总糖、枸杞多糖与类胡萝卜素含量均为主干分层形>主干形>单干双臂形,甜菜碱含量为主干形>单干双臂形>主干分层形,黄酮含量为主干形>主干分层形>单干双臂形。最终采用主成分分析法进行综合评价,得分由高到低分别是主干形(0.702)>主干分层形(0.649)>单干双臂形(-1.351),即主干形最有利于枸杞新品系“宁农杞15号”果实营养品质形成。 相似文献
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当前生产上山楂采摘期往往偏早,甚至过早,对产量和耐贮性都有不利影响。为探讨山楂的适宜采摘期,使其既不影响贮藏,又能充分利用单果发育在构成产量上的最大效益,我们于1984年在兴隆县上甸子山楂试验园内,进行了不同时期的采摘试验。 试材和方法 供试树是连片的同龄盛果期树10株,品种为“粉红肉”。 在10株试验树上,按树冠的东、西、南、北等部位分别固定10序果,共100序果。于9月25日至10月15日,每隔5天在固定序的基部,依次往上各摘一个果,计100个果。摘后立即称重,用卡尺测得每个果的纵横径;另取有不同刻度的玻璃量筒一个,用“排水法”求得… 相似文献
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"秋妃"桃树姿半开张,树势强健,抗性强。平均单果重265 g,果形端正,果实暗红,果肉黄白色,核周围具红色放射线,质地细脆,风味浓甜,采摘期在8月15～22日,比"西妃"早10～15 d;且抗寒、耐贮。现对"秋妃"的生物学特性及配套栽培技术作以总结,供生产参考。 相似文献
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了解柑桔果实后期发育及品质变化规律可为制定提高产量与品质的技术措施提供依据.我们于1998年10～11月进行试验,现将结果初报如下:
1材料与方法
试验在龙游县兰塘乡桥头村低丘红壤桔园中进行,供试品种为7年生枳砧碰柑,从10月15日至11月19日,每隔5天测定椪柑果实纵径,横径及可溶性固形物含量. 相似文献
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分析了高酸苹果品种澳洲青苹、瑞丹、瑞连娜的外观品质、内在品质和榨汁品质,测定了成熟期果实品质理化指标.试验表明,3个品种的可滴定酸含量均符合果汁加工含酸量要求,其中瑞连娜可滴定酸含量最高,最适合果汁加工. 相似文献
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Huseyin Karlidag Ahmet Esitken 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):409-412
SummaryBetween 2004 and 2008, the effects of different grafting heights on sylleptic shoots were tested in the apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Gloster’, and cumulative fruit yields were evaluated. MM106 apple rootstocks were grafted 10, 20, 40, or 60 cm above soil level in August 2004. The results showed that an increased grafting height significantly decreased tree height in both cultivars. The tallest and shortest trees were observed at grafting heights of 10 cm (153.0 and 170.0 cm) and 60 cm (141.3 and 143.5 cm) in ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Gloster’, respectively.Among the various grafting heights tested, 60 cm in ‘Granny Smith’ and 20 cm in ‘Gloster’ gave the largest stem diameters (17.6 mm and 16.8 mm, respectively). The number of lateral shoots increased significantly with increased grafting height in both cultivars. The largest numbers of lateral shoots in ‘Granny Smith’ (10.75) and ‘Gloster’ (2.00) were obtained from a grafting height of 60 cm, while 2.55 and zero lateral shoots occurred at 10 cm grafting height in ‘Granny Smith’ and ‘Gloster’, respectively. Shoot lengths decreased significantly by increasing the grafting height. Grafting heights of 10 cm and 60 cm resulted in the tallest and shortest shoots in both cultivars. Cumulative fruit yields were significantly affected by grafting height in both cultivars. The highest yield was found for a 60 cm grafting height in both ‘Granny Smith’ (11.295 kg tree–1) and ‘Gloster’ (4.818 kg tree–1).The results of this study suggest that grafting heights of 40 cm and 60 cm have the potential to promote branching and early bearing for apple fruit production in sustainable and organic agricultural systems. 相似文献
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《Scientia Horticulturae》2001,87(1-2):53-63
The possible relationship of branching habit to cytokinin content of apple shoots (Malus×domestica Borkh.) was investigated. One-year old apple shoots are acrotonic (distal branching), more strongly so in Granny Smith than in Braeburn. In the first trial, long, 1-year old Granny Smith and Braeburn apple shoots were sprayed on 29 August 1995 to break rest with dinitro-o-cresol (DNOC) oil (5%). The cytokinin contents of the xylem sap, the combined bark and buds, and the wood were determined in distal and proximal shoot halves over the next 6 weeks. Budburst (terminal and lateral buds) was first visible (green tip) in both cultivars on 20 September 1995. A greater increase in cytokinin content of distal xylem sap, coupled with elevated cytokinin in the distal wood, reflect the overall acrotony of both cultivars. The strong acrotony of Granny Smith is reflected in the higher cytokinin concentration in distal portion 1 week before the proximal portion of the shoot. The differential distribution of cytokinin reflects the pattern of budburst and may be correlated with growth habit. In a subsequent trial, Granny Smith shoots chilled and forced in the absence of roots showed an increase in cytokinin content of the bark and buds, and the wood as growth resumed. This was roughly comparable in magnitude to the increase observed under field conditions. The cytokinin increase in rootless shoots and differential distribution of cytokinin prior to sprouting, support the hypothesis that shoot-derived, rather than root-derived, cytokinins act to trigger spring budburst. 相似文献
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Fruit from Granny Smith, Fyriki, Fuji Kiku 8, and Imperial Double Red Delicious apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees planted in single or double rows, were harvested from different positions in the canopy, during the last month before commercial harvest. Fruit physico-chemical and antioxidant capacity, using the radical DPPH, were measured, in skin and flesh tissue. Greater total phenol content and total antioxidant capacity per fresh weight and serving portion of skin and flesh tissue, were found in Imperial Double Red Delicious and Fyriki apples, compared to Granny Smith and Fuji Kiku 8. The variation among cultivars in antioxidant contents was greater in peeled, compared with unpeeled fruit, highlighting the importance of eating unpeeled fruit. During the last two weeks before commercial harvest the total phenol content and total antioxidant capacity per fresh weight increased in skin of Granny Smith (by 24% and 42%, respectively) and Fuji Kiku 8 (by 19% and 27%, respectively). Fruit from the more sun—exposed parts of canopy had usually better red coloration and the effect was more pronounced in Fuji Kiku 8 and Fyriki, followed by Imperial Double Red Delicious and a lower effect was found in Granny Smith. Greater total soluble solid content, but not flesh firmness, were also found in fruit from the more sun—exposed parts of canopy, in all cultivars. The skin of fruit from the upper positions in the canopy had greater total phenol content and total antioxidant capacity, in all cultivars, apart from Fyriki. Antioxidant contents in flesh tissue were also greater in the upper positions of canopy in Fuji Kiku 8 and Imperial Double Red Delicious, and to our knowledge this is the first report on plant canopy effects on apple flesh antioxidant compounds. 相似文献
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1-MCP处理对采后‘澳洲青苹’苹果叶绿素降解的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【目的】以‘澳洲青苹’苹果为试材,研究1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对果实采后叶绿素降解代谢的影响,为果实采后贮藏、保鲜及保绿技术提供新的理论基础。【方法】采用1μL·L^-11-MCP处理‘澳洲青苹’苹果果实,定期测定果实色泽、乙烯释放量和呼吸强度,通过高效液相色谱法(HPLC)对果皮中的叶绿素及其降解代谢产物进行定性定量分析,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测叶绿素降解途径中关键基因的表达水平。【结果】1-MCP处理显著延缓‘澳洲青苹’果皮颜色转变,降低乙烯释放量和呼吸强度。1-MCP处理能保持果皮叶绿素a、b含量处于较高水平,并抑制脱镁叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a的生成。叶绿素降解相关基因MdSGR、MdHCAR、MdPPH和MdNYC1的表达量受到1-MCP的调控,1-MCP抑制基因MdPAO和MdRCCR的表达,推迟叶绿素降解代谢的下游反应;MdPAO表达量与果皮色泽和叶绿素含量显著相关。【结论】1-MCP可调节叶绿素降解途径相关基因表达水平来控制代谢产物的降解和生成,从而延缓果皮叶绿素降解,其中,MdPAO是调控叶绿素降解的关键基因。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(1):37-46
ABSTRACT This research was conducted to determine the king versus lateral fruit thinning effects on yield and fruit quality of ‘Elstar’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Starkrimson Delicious’, ‘Ultra Red’, ‘Topred’, and ‘Jonagold’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars grafted on MM106 rootstock in 2002-2003. Removal of the king fruit (KFR) treatment partially increased the yield in ‘Jonagold’, ‘Elstar’, and ‘Granny Smith’ cultivars while the effects were different by years in “Starkrimson Delicious”. Leaving of the king fruit (KFL) treatment gave better results in the ‘Topred’ cultivar, and similar effects were obtained from both treatments in ‘Ultra Red’ cultivar. Non-significant differences were obtained from both treatments with respect to fruit weight in the ‘Topred’, ‘Starkrimson Delicious’, ‘Jonagold’ and ‘Granny Smith’ cultivars. Leaving of the king fruit treatment increased the fruit weight significantly in ‘Elstar’ and ‘Ultra Red’ cultivars in 2002. The values of fruit flesh firmness (lb), total soluble solids content (%), pH, titratable acidity (%), total and invert sugar quantity (g/100 g?1) were not found to be significantly different between the treatments with a few exceptions. The ‘KFR’ treatment that removed the dominant effect of the king fruit can be recommended for the ‘Elstar’ and ‘Jonagold’ cultivars because this treatment increased the yield and did not decreased the fruit weight significantly in these cultivars except for ‘Elstar’ in 2002. On the other hand ‘KFL’ treatment can be recommended for the ‘Granny Smith’, Topred’ and ‘Ultra Red’ cultivars. Although this treatment decreased the yield of ‘Granny Smith’ it increased the mean fruit weight 45.6-62.7 g in the two experiment years. ‘Starkrimson Delicious’ did not show clear response to the treatments. 相似文献
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Paul Kron C. Brian G. Peter G. Kevan 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):286-294
SummaryThe organization of most high-density orchards of apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) into single-cultivar rows is often viewed as an impediment to effective pollen dispersal and pollination; however, few direct estimates of pollen dispersal are available to assess the extent of this problem. We estimated the magnitude of pollen dispersal across rows (pollinator cultivars: Idared, Vista Bella, Granny Smith), and along rows, (pollinator cultivars Fuji, Paulared, Golden Russet), in two high-density orchards in Ontario, Canada. Fruit were sampled from trees at regular intervals along transects that extended beyond (either across or along row) each pollinator cultivar and the percentage of seeds that were sired by the pollen donor was estimated using allozyme markers. Seeds sired by the pollinator cultivar were found from seven (‘Granny Smith’) to 18 rows (‘Idared’) from the nearest pollinator tree and from seven (‘Fuji’, ‘Paulared’) to five trees (‘Granny Smith’) down the same row. Measured in metres, the maximum pollen dispersal distance was greater across rows (62.4.m) than along rows (13.7.m). However, the average dispersal distance across rows, expressed in metres or trees, (17.4.±m.3.6, 3.6.±0.7 trees) did not differ from that along rows (5.8.m.±4.1, 2.7.±0.8 trees). These results are at odds with previous studies that indicate that honeybees move farther along rows than across, and have important implications for the design of commercial apple orchards. 相似文献
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不同采收期及后熟处理对辣椒种子质量的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为明确辣椒种果的适宜采收期和后熟时间,提高种子质量,研究了辣椒花后40 d、50 d和60d 3个采收期及不同后熟时间处理对辣椒种子质量的影响.结果表明,采收期及后熟会影响辣椒种子质量,花后50 d和60 d采收的辣椒种子发芽势、发芽率及千粒质量明显提高,其中花后50 d采收,并后熟15d效果最佳. 相似文献
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Zeynel Abidin Kus Bunyamin Demir Ikbal Eski Feyza Gurbuz Sezai Ercisli 《Erwerbs-Obstbau》2017,59(4):291-299
The consumer acceptance and the quality standard of agricultural products such as apple are determined mostly by their colour. Colour is measured with a colorimeter and quantified using the C.I.E. L*, a*, b* colour space system. It is used commonly by researchers for the classification and identification of apple fruit. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first study investigating the prediction of some colour properties of six apple varieties through artificial neural networks (ANN). The apple varieties are ‘Amasya’, ‘Starking’, ‘Granny Smith’, ‘Pink Lady’, ‘Golden Delicious’, ‘Arapk?z?’ and the colour properties are L* (lightness), a* (redness), b* (yellowness), C* (chroma), h* (hue angle), CI (chroma index). General Regression Neural Networks (GRNN) and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Interface System (ANFIS) structures were employed to predict the colour properties. According to the experimental and simulation results, the proposed ANFIS predictor had a superior performance in prediction of these colour parameters. 相似文献