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试验选用三黄鸡1800羽,随机分为3组,每组600羽,对照组采用基础日粮＋金霉素;试验一组采用基础日粮＋0．2％中草药添加剂;试验二组采用基础日粮＋0．1％益康素。经75d饲养试验,平均日增重,试验一组比对照组降低1．78％,试验二组比对照组降低2．51％,差异显著（P〈0．05）;料重比,试验一组比对照组提高1．09％（P〉0．05）,试验二组比对照组提高1．82％（P〈0．05）;腹泻率,试验一组比对照组增加30．77％（P〈0．01）,试验二组比对照组下降26．37％（P〈0．01）;死亡率,试验一组比对照组增加25．71％,试验二组比对照组增加45．71％。试验表明添加抗生素饲料添加剂有利于降低肉鸡死亡率,但不添加抗生索的饲料饲喂肉鸡肉质优良,市场销售价格提高20％～30％。 相似文献
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用中草药作饲料添加剂，可促进畜禽生长发育、增强机体抵抗力。将3种中草药添加剂按1％的比例分别加入3个试验组的生长猪日粮中，经60天试验，结果表明：试验组猪的增重和饲料利用率均有明显提高。其中配方C组猪日增重提高16．8％（P＜0．05），饲料转化率提高7．10％，经济效益显著。 相似文献
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选用55周龄健康的海兰蛋鸡720只,随机分成4个处理,即对照组（饲喂基础日粮）,试验1组（基础日粮中添加0．015％土霉素）,试验2组（基础日粮添加0．1％中草药提取物）,试验5组（基础日粮添加0．2％中草药提取物）,研究中草药提取物对商品蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质的影响。试验表明：试验2组和3组料蛋此与对照组相比分别降低2．84％（P〈0．05）和2．56％（P〈0．05）;在蛋的品质方面,试验2组和5组蛋中胆固醇含量比对照组分别降低14．12％（P〈0．01）和17．25％（P〈0．01）,差异极显著;试验2组和5组鸡蛋中蛋白质含量分别比对照组高11．05％（P〈0．05）和14．07％（P〈0．05）,差异显著。综合各项指标以添加0．1％中草药提取物的试验2组效果为最佳。 相似文献
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半乳甘露寡糖对犬营养消化率和肠道主要菌群的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究旨在评估半乳甘露寡糖（GGMO）对犬营养消化率和肠道菌群的影响。本试验犬分为6个日粮组．分别用0、0．5％、1％、2％、4％和8％的GGMO代替纤维素。结果显示,随着犬13粮中GGM0的增加,犬日粮中DM和OM的消化率也呈线性增加趋势（P〈0．001）,而日粮中CP的消化率呈线性下降趋势（P〈0．001）;犬粪样中醋酸、丙酸和总短链脂肪酸的含量也呈现线性增加趋势（P≤0．001）．而丁酸的含量呈线性下降趋势（P≤0．001）。随着犬日粮中GGMO含量的增加,犬粪样中pH值有所下降（P≤0．001）．而粪样评分分数呈现明显二次方增加趋势（P≤0．001）：粪样中吲哚（P≤0．01）和苯酚（P≤0．05）含量呈线性下降趋势：随着犬日粮中GGMO含量增加而粪样中的苯乙胺有所下降外．各处理组中犬粪样中的其他生物胺的含量差异不显著（P〈0．001）。各处理组中犬粪样中的大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌的含量差异不显著;而随着犬日粮中GGMO含量增加．粪样中的双歧杆菌的含量呈现明显的二次方增加趋势（P≤0．01）。总的来看,半乳甘露寡糖是犬的一种优质日粮来源。 相似文献
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为了研究中草药添加剂对杂交野猪生产性能及胴体品质的影响,试验选用4月龄、健康、生长发育基本一致的杂交野猪80头,随机分成4组,1个对照组（Ⅰ组）,3个试验组（Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组）,每组20头,试验期3个月。对照组采用基础日粮,试验组采用在基础日粮基础上分别添加2％不同中草药。结果表明：使用中草药添加剂（试验组）能够显著提高杂交野猪的增重速度和饲料转化率,且Ⅱ组平均日增重分别比Ⅰ组、Ⅲ组、Ⅳ组提高了58．01％（P〈0．01）、5．63％（P〉0．05）和13．56％（P〉0．05）。用Ⅱ组的中草药饲料饲喂杂交野猪,其生长速度快,饲料报酬高,胴体品质好,经济效益显著。 相似文献
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选用黄芪、党参、白术、茯苓、山楂等中草药组成2种复方中草药添加剂,旨在研究复方中草药添加剂对肉仔鸡免疫功能的影响。21日龄和42日龄时分别检测肉仔鸡的免疫器官指数、T淋巴细胞转化率、单核～巨噬细胞吞噬指数以及血清IL-2和IL-1B含量。综合本试验检测的免疫指标可知,日粮中添加复方中草药组的肉仔鸡机体的免疫水平较对照组均有不同程度的提高,其中日粮中添加0．75％复方中草药Ⅰ和0．75％复方中草药Ⅱ能显著提高T淋巴细胞转化率和血清IL-2含量（P〈0．05）,而两种中草药配方间没有显著差异（P〉0．05）。 相似文献
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选用中草药数味，经适当炮制（炒制）、粉碎后按比例与营养类物质及载体混匀而成粉状饲料添加剂，进行了两批试验，在试验1中，48只425日龄的产蛋鸡分2组。试验组基础日粮中添加0．20％的该复合饲料添加剂，饲喂28天。结果表明，试验组平均产蛋率提高19．68％，料蛋比降低14．88％。在饲养试验2中，640只168日龄的产蛋鸡分为4组，采用单因子四水平试验设计，在玉米－大豆饼粉基础日粮中分别添加0％、0．15％、0．20％和0．25％的中草药复合饲料添加剂，预试期15天，正试期80天，结果表明，在产蛋鸡基础日粮中添加0．15％的该复合饲料添加剂，可显著提高平均产蛋率（P＜0．01），和饲料利用率，同时能获得相当可观的经济效益，锔喂蛋鸡亦无任何毒副作用。 相似文献
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不同中草药添加剂饲喂黄颡鱼试验 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
采用自制的4种草药添加剂添加予基础日粮中，对体重为8g左右的黄颓鱼进行为期40d的饲养试验，结果表明：中草药饲料添加剂能增快黄颡鱼的生长，降低饲料系数，提高日粮蛋白质效率，其效果以Ⅳ号配方为最佳，与对照组相比，增重率提高了44．62％，饲料系数降低了0．37，蛋白质效率提高了0.4％，且差异显著（p〈0．05）。 相似文献
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Eric C. Ledbetter Matthew P. Landry† Tracy Stokol‡ Thomas J. Kern Joanne B. Messick‡§ 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2009,12(3):183-191
Objective To describe historical, clinical and diagnostic features of dogs with Brucella canis endophthalmitis and the response to medical therapy.
Animals studied Three dogs with naturally acquired B. canis endophthalmitis.
Procedure Dogs were treated symptomatically with topical ophthalmic anti-inflammatories and a novel antimicrobial protocol that included doxycycline, enrofloxacin, rifampin and streptomycin.
Results All dogs presented with chronic or recurrent uveitis in the absence of overt systemic disease. Clinical ophthalmologic abnormalities were unilateral in each dog and included mild-to-moderate anterior uveitis, iris hyperpigmentation, marked vitreal infiltrates, and multifocal chorioretinitis. Dogs were diagnosed with canine brucellosis serologically and by blood culture ( n = 2 dogs) or polymerase chain reaction of aqueous humor and blood ( n = 1 dog). Active ocular inflammation resolved in all dogs during treatment, with preservation of vision in 2 dogs. Following treatment, B. canis could not be cultured from blood samples and serological values declined with seronegativity achieved in all dogs after a median of 96 weeks (range: 36–112 weeks) of therapy.
Conclusions Brucella canis infection should be included in the differential diagnosis for dogs with intraocular inflammation, regardless of previous history or neuter status. This is the first report of apparently successful medical therapy of canine brucellosis with ocular involvement. 相似文献
Animals studied Three dogs with naturally acquired B. canis endophthalmitis.
Procedure Dogs were treated symptomatically with topical ophthalmic anti-inflammatories and a novel antimicrobial protocol that included doxycycline, enrofloxacin, rifampin and streptomycin.
Results All dogs presented with chronic or recurrent uveitis in the absence of overt systemic disease. Clinical ophthalmologic abnormalities were unilateral in each dog and included mild-to-moderate anterior uveitis, iris hyperpigmentation, marked vitreal infiltrates, and multifocal chorioretinitis. Dogs were diagnosed with canine brucellosis serologically and by blood culture ( n = 2 dogs) or polymerase chain reaction of aqueous humor and blood ( n = 1 dog). Active ocular inflammation resolved in all dogs during treatment, with preservation of vision in 2 dogs. Following treatment, B. canis could not be cultured from blood samples and serological values declined with seronegativity achieved in all dogs after a median of 96 weeks (range: 36–112 weeks) of therapy.
Conclusions Brucella canis infection should be included in the differential diagnosis for dogs with intraocular inflammation, regardless of previous history or neuter status. This is the first report of apparently successful medical therapy of canine brucellosis with ocular involvement. 相似文献
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Suzuki K Wakabayashi H Takahashi M Fukushima K Yabuki A Endo Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2007,69(5):563-568
The effectiveness of combination therapy using clindamycin, metronidazole and doxycycline against canine babesiosis, and the usefulness of platelet count and the plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration as an estimation factor for treatment, were evaluated in four dogs experimentally infected with Babesia gibsoni. The combination therapy successfully eliminated B. gibsoni in peripheral blood in 3 of 4 dogs, however the remaining dog showed obvious uncontrolled relapse after a temporary recovery. In addition, it was shown that CRP levels decreased in an inverse relationship to the recovery of packed cell volume and therefore CRP levels could be used as an optional clinical marker to estimate the response to treatment. 相似文献
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Katja Stoeckel Leif H?jvang Nielsen Herbert Fuhrmann Lisa Bachmann 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2011,53(1):57
Background
In dogs, increasing the tissue n-3 fatty acid (FA) content is associated with potential benefit in some medical conditions, e.g. atopic dermatitis, cancer or heart disease. Therefore effectively and conveniently increasing tissue n-3 FA levels in dogs is of interest. Incorporation of dietary n-3 FA into cell membranes may be studied by FA analysis of erythrocyte membranes (EM), because of the correlation of its FA composition with the FA composition of other cells. Aim of the study was to determine whether an n-3 FA additive added to a control diet is as effective in increasing EM n-3 FA content as feeding an n-3 FA enriched diet. Furthermore the time course of the incorporation of dietary n-3 FA into canine EM was investigated.Methods
Thirty dogs were randomly divided into three dietary groups with ten dogs per group. CONT got a dry dog food diet which did not contain EPA or DHA. FO got a dry dog food diet with a high EPA and DHA content. ADD got the CONT diet combined with an n-3 FA additive rich in DHA and EPA. After a feeding period of 12 weeks the additive was discontinued in ADD and these dogs were fed CONT diet for another four weeks to observe washout effects. Erythrocyte lipids were extracted from venous blood samples and their FA composition was determined by gas chromatography. The Mann-Whitney-U-test was used to detect significant differences between the different groups and time points.Results
After one week the proportions of n-3 FA, DHA and EPA were already significantly increased in ADD and FO, apparently reaching a plateau within eight weeks. In our study DHA and not EPA was preferably incorporated into the EM. After discontinuing the administration of the additive in ADD, the n-3 FA values declined slowly without reaching baseline levels within four weeks.Conclusions
In dogs, an increase of dietary n-3 FA content leads to a rapid inclusion of n-3 FA into EM, regardless of whether the n-3 FA are offered as an enriched diet or as a normal diet supplemented with an n-3 FA additive. 相似文献14.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate duration of action of an insulin zinc suspension (Caninsulin, Intervet) in spontaneously occurring cases of canine diabetes mellitus and suitability of its use as a once daily administered insulin for treatment of this disease. DESIGN: Eight client-owned canine diabetics were included in a prospective pilot study. All dogs had been treated with Caninsulin for a minimum of 2 months and were considered on clinical grounds to be adequately stabilised. PROCEDURE: Dogs were hospitalised for 24 h and blood collected every 2 h via indwelling venous catheters for blood glucose determination. RESULTS: Once daily Caninsulin administration failed to maintain glycaemic control for greater than 13 h in five of eight dogs, but acceptable blood glucose concentrations were maintained for 22 h and greater than 24 h in two others. One dog became distressed during hospitalisation and the blood glucose curve did not show an identifiable response to the insulin. CONCLUSION: Most diabetic dogs may require twice daily administration of Caninsulin for satisfactory glycaemic control, but once daily administration may be adequate in some animals. More comprehensive investigation into duration of activity of Caninsulin is warranted. 相似文献
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M. Wierup 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1983,1(3):273-288
As part of the worldwide spread of canine parvovirus (CPV) infections, this infection hit Sweden in 1979. An estimated 10 000 dogs may have been infected. The disease was made notifiable, and all epidemiological actions against the disease were led centrally. During the epidemic, 144 000 dogs, or 24% of the dog population in Sweden, was vaccinated. Based on the number of reported cases, retrospective studies of records at animal hospitals and repeated serological examinations, a significant increase in the frequency of gastroenteritis could be demonstrated only in some parts of the country. The amount of CPV-vaccine sold to the different counties was determined. Based on these studies in the well defined dog population (no stray dogs), it could be estimated that under the circumstances existing in Sweden an epidemic of CPV-infection might start when the number of susceptible dogs exceeds 12/km2 and stop when the corresponding figure falls to 6/km2. 相似文献
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2014年2月5日,江西农业大学动物科学技术学院宠物兴趣小组接诊该小组自养的1条金毛犬病例.该犬为6岁母犬,体重约8 kg,临床表现精神委顿、食欲不振、呕吐、排尿频繁（偶尔排出几滴红色尿液及少量稀粪）、呼吸急促等症状.根据临床症状和影像学分析将该病例确诊为子宫蓄脓.手术疗法治疗后,病犬逐渐恢复至痊愈.主要对该病例的治疗过程进行了介绍,以期能为临床治疗犬子宫蓄脓提供参考. 相似文献
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Rodrigues CA Batista LF Teixeira MC Pereira AM Santos PO de Sá Oliveira GG de Freitas LA Veras PS 《Veterinary parasitology》2007,143(3-4):197-205
Leishmania chagasi is the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis in both humans and dogs in the New World. The dog is the main domestic reservoir and its infection displays different clinical presentations, from asymptomatic to severe disease. Macrophages play an important role in the control of Leishmania infection. Although it is not an area of intense study, some data suggest a role for canine macrophages in parasite killing by a NO-dependent mechanism. It has been proposed that control of human disease could be possible with the development of an effective vaccine against canine visceral leishmaniasis. Development of a rapid in vitro test to predict animal responses to Leishmania infection or vaccination should be helpful. In this study, an in vitro model was established to test whether peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) supernatants from dogs immunized with promastigote lysates and infected with L. chagasi promastigotes could stimulate macrophages from healthy dogs in order to control parasite infection. PBMC from a majority of the immunized and experimentally infected dogs expressed IFN-gamma mRNA and secreted IFN-gamma when stimulated with soluble L. chagasi antigen (SLA) in vitro. Additionally, the supernatants from stimulated PBMC were able to reduce the percentage of infected donor macrophages. The results also indicate that parasite killing in this system is dependent on NO, since aminoguanidine (AMG) reversed this effect. This in vitro test appears to be useful for screening animal responses to parasite inoculation as well as studying the lymphocyte effector mechanisms involved in pathogen killing by canine macrophages. 相似文献
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2014年2月5日,江西农业大学动物科学技术学院宠物兴趣小组接诊该小组自养的1条金毛犬病例.该犬为6岁母犬,体重约8 kg,临床表现精神委顿、食欲不振、呕吐、排尿频繁（偶尔排出几滴红色尿液及少量稀粪）、呼吸急促等症状.根据临床症状和影像学分析将该病例确诊为子宫蓄脓.手术疗法治疗后,病犬逐渐恢复至痊愈.主要对该病例的治疗过程进行了介绍,以期能为临床治疗犬子宫蓄脓提供参考. 相似文献
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B. M. Pressler L. E. Williams J. A. Ramos-Vara K. I. Anderson 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(3):592-597
Background: Similarities in human and canine renal cell carcinoma (RCC) epidemiology and biologic behavior suggest that molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis may be similar in both species. Approximately 75% of RCC in people are of the clear cell subtype, up to 85% of which are associated with mutation of the von Hippel-Lindau ( VHL ) gene. The canine VHL coding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) shares 90% identity with the human VHL gene.
Objective: To determine whether or not RCC in dogs are associated with VHL mutations, and if so determine the prevalence, type, and location of these mutations.
Animals: Thirteen dogs with RCC, 2 dogs with primary renal sarcomas, and 10 dogs without neoplastic kidney disease.
Methods: DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded RCC tissue; DNA extracts from paraffin-embedded and snap-frozen nonneoplastic canine kidneys and canine whole blood were used as negative controls. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the 3 VHL exons was performed, and results compared with the accessioned canine sequence.
Results: All VHL exons were amplified from 9 of 13 canine RCC samples, both renal sarcomas, 8 of 10 nonneoplastic kidney samples, and canine whole blood; only exon 2 could be amplified from 2 RCC samples. Mutations were not identified in any exons. A maximal prevalence of 33.6% for VHL mutations in canine RCC was determined.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Although similarities between canine and human RCC merit further investigation of the dog as a model for some subtypes of renal tumors, the lower prevalence of VHL mutations suggests that oncogenesis in these 2 species differs. 相似文献
Objective: To determine whether or not RCC in dogs are associated with VHL mutations, and if so determine the prevalence, type, and location of these mutations.
Animals: Thirteen dogs with RCC, 2 dogs with primary renal sarcomas, and 10 dogs without neoplastic kidney disease.
Methods: DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded RCC tissue; DNA extracts from paraffin-embedded and snap-frozen nonneoplastic canine kidneys and canine whole blood were used as negative controls. Polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the 3 VHL exons was performed, and results compared with the accessioned canine sequence.
Results: All VHL exons were amplified from 9 of 13 canine RCC samples, both renal sarcomas, 8 of 10 nonneoplastic kidney samples, and canine whole blood; only exon 2 could be amplified from 2 RCC samples. Mutations were not identified in any exons. A maximal prevalence of 33.6% for VHL mutations in canine RCC was determined.
Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Although similarities between canine and human RCC merit further investigation of the dog as a model for some subtypes of renal tumors, the lower prevalence of VHL mutations suggests that oncogenesis in these 2 species differs. 相似文献
20.
Pratelli A 《The Journal of small animal practice》2007,48(10):574-578
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the ability of a high-cell-passage canine coronavirus vaccine to immunise dogs against challenge with a field isolate of the virus. METHODS: Three dogs that had previously tested seronegative and virus-negative for canine coronavirus were inoculated twice, at 21-day intervals, with the vaccine and kept under observation. Two seronegative and virus-negative dogs served as unvaccinated controls. For safety tests, two additional dogs were inoculated oronasally with 10 times the vaccinal dose and no reactions were observed. Faecal samples were collected daily from the vaccinated dogs after the first and second inoculations. Both vaccinated and control dogs were challenged two weeks after the second vaccination with a field canine coronavirus strain. Blood samples were collected for serological tests before vaccination and at weekly intervals after vaccinations and challenge. RESULTS: Virus was not detected in faecal samples after the first or second vaccinations by virus isolation assays and PCR. Significantly, the vaccinated dogs did not have clinical signs after challenge and no virus shedding was observed. The two unvaccinated control dogs had moderate enteritis, and virus was detected in cell cultures starting from three days postchallenge (dog 1) and two days postchallenge (dog 2), and by PCR for 23 median days. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed the efficacy of a high-cell-passage canine coronavirus vaccine in preventing infection of dogs by virulent virus and, specifically, its ability to induce sterilising immunity. 相似文献