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除虫脲作为谷物保护剂对贮粮害虫均有效,但谷斑皮蠹例外,因该虫对许多杀虫剂都具有很高的忍耐力。但除虫脲对谷斑皮蠹的生殖力有抑制作用。在35℃,相对湿度80%条件下,用碎麦为食繁殖获得成虫,经1—3天让其在麦粉中产卵,待孵出幼虫后选取3天、7天、14天的幼虫分3组分别以含除虫脲有效成分0.05—12.8毫克的食料喂食,定期检查,计算出生殖力(每雌产生的子代数)。试验表明除虫脲对谷斑皮蠹生殖力的影 相似文献
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美国环保署发布了其对更多农药进行登记审议的初步工作计划.最新的工作方案包括:啶虫脒、除虫脲、氯虫酰肼、七氟菊酯、噻虫啉等杀虫剂,嗪草酮、哒草伏、二甲戊乐灵、砜嘧磺隆和氟胺磺隆等除草剂.
大多数登记审议拟于2018年完成.然而,对哒草伏和除虫脲登记审议的完成日期分别为2017和2019年.美国环保署表示,拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂七氟菊酯的审议时间可能会因需对拟除虫菊酯进行累积风险评估而受到影响. 相似文献
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为筛选防治大葱上甜菜夜蛾的理想药剂,选取市售常见杀虫剂进行田间防效试验。结果表明,甲维·茚虫威、甲维·氟铃脲、甲维·除虫脲和甲维·虫螨腈对甜菜夜蛾幼虫表现出较好的防效和持效性,药后14 d的防效均在90%以上,甲维·茚虫威的防效最好,为96.74%;甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐和甲维·除虫脲表现出良好的速效性,药后1 d的防效80%以上;高效氯氟氰菊酯在几种药剂中的防效和持效性都较差,药后14 d的防效为66.45%。建议在实际生产中优先选择甲维·茚虫威、甲维·氟铃脲、甲维·除虫脲和甲维·除虫脲作为应急防控用药,注意交替使用,避免产生抗药性。 相似文献
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介绍了一种以水为介质的环保型新制剂多素.除虫脲15%悬浮剂,通过对分散剂及润湿分散剂品种的筛选,考察了配制的悬浮剂各种控制项目指标以及低温、热贮性能,并确定了最佳配方:多杀霉素2.5%,除虫脲12.5%,NNO 2%,SOPAS-270 1.5%,HT-20002.5%,黄原胶0.1%,CMC 0.5%,乙二醇5%,防腐剂0.3%,有机硅消泡剂0.08%,自来水补足至100%。结果表明,该悬浮剂配方质量稳定,分解率低,悬浮率高,使用安全,有良好的开发应用前景。 相似文献
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70年代昆虫表皮几丁质合成抑制剂问世以来,发展很快,一度被许多国外农药公司的研究部门列为重点,并认为将是继拟除虫菊酯类之后的新一代杀虫剂,有许多好品种上市。我国也在70年代首先由苏州大学研制出苏脲系列化合物。正式投产为农药的有除虫脲(diflubenzuron)及灭幼脲,前者由唐山市化工所开发,现已将生产技术转让给石家庄黄磷厂;后者由通化市化工所开发,通化市农药厂生产。近年引进的国外品种在国内试验推广的有荷兰Duphar B.V.公司产品Dimilin(即除虫脲),日本石原产业的抑太保(IKI 7899, 相似文献
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The mechanisms of resistance to the chitin synthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron were investigated in a diflubenzuron-selected strain of the house fly (Musca domestica L.) with > 1000 × resistance, and in an OMS-12-selected strain [O-ethyl O-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)phosphoramidothioate] with 380 × resistance to diflubenzuron. In agreement with the accepted mode of action of diflubenzuron, chitin synthesis was reduced less in larvae of the resistant (R) than of a susceptible (S) strain. Cuticular penetration of diflubenzuron into larvae of the R strains was about half that of the S. Both piperonyl butoxide and sesamex synergized diflubenzuron markedly in the R strains, indicating that mixed-function oxidase enzymes play a major role in resistance. Limited synergism by DEF (S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate) and diethylmaleate indicated that esterases and glutathione-dependent transferases play a relatively small role in resistance. Larvae of the S and R strains exhibited a similar pattern of in vivo cleavage of 3H- and 14C-labeled diflubenzuron at N1C2 and N1C1 bonds. However, there were marked differences in the amounts of major metabolites produced: R larvae metabolized diflubenzuron at considerably higher rates, resulting in 18-fold lower accumulation of unmetabolized diflubenzuron by comparison with S larvae. Polar metabolites were excreted at a 2-fold higher rate by R larvae. The high levels of resistance to diflubenzuron in R-Diflubenzuron and R-OMS-12 larvae are due to the combined effect of reduced cuticular penetration, increased metabolism, and rapid excretion of the chemical. 相似文献
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Mohsen A. El-Guindy Mostafa M. Abdel-Sattar Abdel Rahman M. El-Refai 《Pest management science》1983,14(3):235-245
The rate of development of resistance to diflubenzuron in a laboratory susceptible strain of the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Boisd., the pattern of cross-resistance exhibited by the resistant strain to several insecticides and juvenile hormone analogues, as well as the synergistic action of piperonyl butoxide (PB) and S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (TBP) with insecticides or diflubenzuron on both strains, were investigated. Resistance to diflubenzuron increased slightly in the first eight selected generations and was enhanced by further selection until in generation 30, the selected strain attained the high level of resistance of 290.7-fold, compared with the parent strain. The resistant strain when challenged with either insecticides or juvenile hormone analogues at selected generations (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30) exhibited different levels of resistance to several insecticides representing organochlorine and organo-phosphorus compounds, carbamates and pyrethroids, but a clear case of negative correlation was indicated between resistance to diflubenzuron and juvenile hormone analogues. With regard to the synergistic action of PB and TBP on the toxicity of either diflubenzuron or insecticides against the fourth-instar larvae of the susceptible strain, methomyl showed slight levels of synergism when it was combined with them. With the exception of cypermethrin, which was not affected by the two synergists, lower levels of synergism were observed with the compounds endrin, diflubenzuron and fenvalerate when they were combined with the same synergists. These two synergists however, antagonised the toxic action of the organophosphorus compounds phosfolan and chlorpyrifos. Against the resistant strain, endrin was moderately synergised by TBP but only slightly by PB. Slight levels of synergism were observed when methomyl, phosfolan and diflubenzuron were combined with either synergist, but both antagonised chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate. Resistance to diflubenzuron and to the other tested chemicals in the resistant strain was scarcely affected by the two synergists. 相似文献
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Mohsen A. El-Guindy Mostafa M. Abdel-Sattar Abdel Rahman M. El-Refai 《Pest management science》1983,14(3):253-260
The ovicidal action of four insecticides and three insect growth regulators, on eggs of various ages of the susceptible (S) strain of Spodoptera littoralis, was investigated. The results revealed that diflubenzuron was the most toxic compound tested on 0-1-day-old eggs, followed by triprene and then methoprene; chlorpyrifos came next in its toxicity, followed by cypermethrin then fenvalerate; methomyl was the least effective. With the progress of embryonic development, 1-2-day-old eggs showed slight tolerance to the action of the pesticides and juvenoids, but apparently resisted the action of diflubenzuron. Eggs 2-3 days old showed increased tolerance to the insecticides and diflubenzuron and, to a lesser extent, to the action of the two juvenoids. A total of 21 insecticide or insect growth regulator-insecticide mixtures, based on their toxicity equivalents (LD25 + LD25), were applied jointly on 0-1-day-old eggs of the S strain. The mixtures which produced high synergism on this stage could be arranged, according to their decreasing order of potentiation, as follows: fenvalerate/diflubenzuron, cypermethrin/triprene, methomyl/methoprene, cypermethrin/methoprene, fenvalerate/ methoprene, cypermethrin/methomyl, cypermethrin/diflubenzuron, fenvalerate/triprene, diflubenzuron/methoprene and methomyl/triprene. The mixtures that produced synergistic effects on 0-1-day-old eggs were also tested against the 1-2 and 2-3-day-oldeggs of the S strain. Theresults indicated that themixtures fenvalerate/diflubenzuron, and cypermethrin with either triprene or diflubenzuron, when tested on 1-2-day-old eggs, produced levels of synergism nearly similar to those achieved on newly deposited eggs. On the other hand, the mixtures cypermethrin/methomyl, and fenvalerate with methoprene or triprene, showed comparatively lower levels of synergism. However, the synergistic action of the mixture cypermethrin/methoprene, previously detected on newly deposited eggs, became an additive effect on 1-2-day-old eggs. Only the mixtures fenvalerate/diflubenzuron, cypermethrin/triprene and fenvalerate/methoprene showed synergism on 2-3-day-old eggs. The mixtures which showed synergistic effects on 0-1-day-old eggs of the S strain were further tested on eggs of various ages of the diflubenzuron-resistant (Rd) strain. As regards 0-1-day-old eggs, only the combinations cypermethrin/triprene, methomyl/methoprene and fenvalerate/methoprene produced additive effects. The mixture cypermethrin/diflubenzuron was still synergistic against newly deposited eggs of the Rd strain, in a manner similar to that indicated with the S strain. Apparent levels of antagonism were shown to the other insecticide-juvenoid mixtures as well as to the diflubenzuron/methoprene combination. The combinations cypermethrin/methomyl and fenvalerate/diflubenzuron had some effect on the freshly deposited eggs of the Rd strain but produced lower levels of potentiation. With the increase in age of the eggs, the mixture cypermethrin/diflubenzuron showed a lower level of synergism on the 1-2 day-old eggs than was observed in younger eggs. The additive effects, previously detected with some of the mixtures on newly deposited eggs became an antagonistic effect for the 1-2-day-old eggs. The eggs at this stage were more able to resist thejoint action of the other mixtures tested. Moreover, with further increase in the age of the eggs, the combination cypermethrin/diflubenzuron produced a lower level of potentiation on 2-3 day-old eggs, followed by fenvalerate/diflubenzuron at an even lower level, while the other mixtures showed various levels of antagonism. 相似文献
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The effect of the insecticide diflubenzuron [1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorobenzoyl)urea] on photosynthesis, respiration, and leaf ultrastructure of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr., cv. Swift] was examined on plants treated at the second trifoliate leaf stage with 0, 0.067, and 0.269 kg of active ingredien/ha of diflubenzuron. Photosynthesis and respiration were measured with an infrared CO2 analyzer in an open flow system prior to diflubenzuron application and at 4, 24, 48, and 96 hr after treatment with diflubenzuron. Diflubenzuron had no effect on soybean photosynthesis at any rate examined. Respiration was stimulated by the high rate (0.269 kg/ha) in a transitory manner. Tissue samples removed from both old and new leaves, 9 days after diflubenzuron application, were used for the ultrastructure study with the transmission electron microscope. The lower trifoliate leaves contained more starch grains than the upper ones being formed after treatment, but no aberrations or degradation of leaf ultrastructure due to diflubenzuron treatment were evident. 相似文献
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Boll weevils, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, were either dipped in or injected with a solution of [14C]diflubenzuron (N-[[(4-chlorophenyl)amino]carbonyl]-2,6-difluorobenzamide) or fed on cotton squares that had been treated with the chemical to determine its turnover time and metabolic fate. No significant differences were observed between male and female weevils in their ability to eliminate [14C]diflubenzuron. Only minor differences were observed when immersion and injection treatments were compared. When weevils were treated with 66.3 ng of [14C]deflubenzuron per weevil by injection, the insects contained 13 to 15% of the radiolabel after 6 days and 4 to 6% after 13 days. The remainder of the radiolabel was in the frass. When weevils fed for 66 hr on cotton squares that had been treated with a wettable [14C]diflubenzuron preparation (Dimilin W-25), the insects averaged 120 ng of diflubenzuron per weevil. Forty-four hours after removing insects from the treated squares, 50% of the radiolabel had been excreted. In all cases, the radiolabel found in the frass or in the weevil was unchanged diflubenzuron. There were no data to indicate that the boll weevil could metabolize appreciable amounts of diflubenzuron. 相似文献
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Noureddine Soltani 《Pest management science》1984,15(3):221-225
When fed to adults of Tenebrio molitor, diflubenzuron reduced the longevity, the weight of the adults and the thickness of the post-ecdysial adult cuticle. It also affected the production of the peritrophic membrane. The loss of weight and the decrease of longevity of the treated adults may have been because of alterations to the peritrophic membrane, caused by the inhibition of chitin biosynthesis by diflubenzuron. 相似文献
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The chitin biosynthesis inhibitor diflubenzuron and its analog BAY SIR 8514 are equitoxic for eggs ofSpodoptera littoralis. BAY SIR 8514 residues on alfalfa fed toSpodoptera larvae were more toxic than diflubenzuron residues, whereas BAY SIR 8514 topically applied to these larvae was consistently twice as toxic as diflubenzuron, according to different criteria. 相似文献
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Nejmanová J Cvacka J Hrdý I Kuldová J Mertelík J Muck A Nesnerová P Svatos A 《Pest management science》2006,62(3):274-278
Residues of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron were quantified on horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) leaves treated with a diflubenzuron 480 g litre?1 SC, Dimilin. To analyse the samples, an analytical procedure was developed involving a simple extraction step followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography on an octadecyl‐modified silica column with methanol + 0.01 M ammonium acetate mobile phase. The results showed diflubenzuron to be highly stable on horse chestnut leaves; more than 4 months (127 days) after application, 38% (on average) of the insecticide still remained on/in the leaves. The data confirmed biological observations showing diflubenzuron's long‐term efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimi?, which is the most important pest of the horse chestnut in Europe. The hypothesis of possible penetration of diflubenzuron into the leaf mass is explored and discussed. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献