共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 281 毫秒
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《西部林业科学》2015,(2)
提取刚竹属中毛金竹、毛竹、龟甲竹、人面竹、紫竹、白哺鸡竹、黄槽竹、芽竹、蓉城竹、红壳雷竹、假毛竹、金竹、黄纹竹等13个竹种的DNA,对其内转录间隔区(ITS)序列以及maturase K(mat K)序列进行PCR扩增和序列测定。构建了与其亲缘关系接近的刚竹属6个种、牡竹属3个种共22个竹种基于ITS序列的系统发育树和刚竹属7个种、牡竹属3个种共23个竹种基于mat K的系统发育树,并探讨了其亲缘关系。结果显示,实验所用的大部分竹种分类结果与传统分类类似,但黄纹竹、毛竹与其他刚竹属竹种的遗传距离较远,却与牡竹属的竹种聚类,与传统分类相左。通过测序分析认为其为杂种的可能性较高,并由此推测杂种的存在是造成竹子分子分类困难的一大原因。 相似文献
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通过对浦竹仔红秆变异个体基因组DNA的提取、rDNA ITS片段的扩增、回收及测序,分析了其rDNA ITS序列,构建了系统发育树。结果表明,供试竹种与Genbank中记录的浦竹仔ITS全长序列相似度为99%,与同属的中华大节竹、酸竹属的酸竹、少穗竹属的少穗竹亲缘关系较近,其遗传距离为0.007和0.010。RNA二级结构模拟分析显示,各参试竹种之间5.8s RNA变异极微小,主要的遗传变异均集中在ITS1-ITS2非编码序列中。由此可以推论该竹种产花色苷性状并非种属差异导致,为样本收集地环境因子诱发基因突变所致。 相似文献
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通过对浦竹仔红秆变异个体基因组DNA的提取、rDNAITS片段的扩增、回收及测序,分析了其rDNAITS序列,构建了系统发育树。结果表明,供试竹种与Genbank中记录的浦竹仔ITS全长序列相似度为99％,与同属的中华大节竹、酸竹属的酸竹、少穗竹属的少穗竹亲缘关系较近,其遗传距离为0．007和0．010。RNA二级结构模拟分析显示,各参试竹种之间5．8sRNA变异极微小,主要的遗传变异均集中在ITSl-ITS2非编码序列中。由此可以推论该竹种产花色苷性状并非种属差异导致,为样本收集地环境因子诱发基因突变所致。 相似文献
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本文分析了梅奇酵母属Metschnikowia chrysoperlae JA30与其同属已知菌种的属内种间系统发育关系。提取M.chrysoperlae JA30的基因DNA,对其内转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行PCR扩增和序列测定。采用BLAST方法将内转录间隔区(ITS)序列在GenBank中进行同源搜索,运用邻接距离距阵法,建立梅奇酵母属共33种的ITS序列的系统发育树,并探讨了其亲缘关系。结果表明,梅奇酵母属的M.chrysoperlae、M.pulcherrima、M.fructicola在ITS基因序列上的差异表现为种内变异水平,这与传统分类的结论存在分歧。 相似文献
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旋花科植物ITS序列分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过提取白色圆叶牵牛基因组的DNA及紫色重瓣圆叶牵牛的DNA,对其内转录间隔区(ITS)序列进行PCR扩增和序列测定.采用BLAST方法,将测序结果在GenBank中进行同源搜索,采用邻接距离矩阵法构建了与其亲缘关系接近的旋花科14个种基于ITS序列的系统发育树,并分析了它们的亲缘关系.结果表明,原牵牛属和番薯属的亲缘关系较近,打碗花属、旋花属与番薯属为旋花科两大亲缘关系较远的类群;疑似新种的紫色重瓣圆叶牵牛并非一个新种,而是属于圆叶牵牛种下分类水平的变种或变型. 相似文献
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《林业实用技术》2015,(8)
为了探讨枣属(Ziziphus Mill.)各种间的亲缘关系,以近缘属枳椇为外类群,用ClustalX2.1对枣属下31个种和1个外类群的ITS区进行了序列比对,利用MEGA软件中Kimura双参数模型计算种间遗传距离,并运用PAUP和MEGA等软件构建了系统发育树,结果表明:蜀枣、山枣和大果枣间、枣和酸枣间、毛脉枣、无瓣枣和褐果枣间的遗传距离较小,枣属内平均遗传距离为0.107;种间核苷酸序列相似性为83.4%,核苷酸中平均G+C含量为63.7%;系统发育树显示毛果枣、小果枣、Z.calophylla为1个进化枝,大果枣、山枣和蜀枣为1个进化枝,酸枣和枣为1个进化枝,毛脉枣、无瓣枣和褐果枣为1个进化枝,Z.parryi和Z.celata为单独一个进化枝,bootstrap支持率达99%~100%。 相似文献
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竹内叔雄早在1932年对竹类地下茎(俗称竹鞭)的形态和解剖作过观察和描述.他描述了日本产的单轴型竹类刚竹属(Phyllostachys)和复轴型竹类苦竹属(Pleioblastus)、唐竹属(Sinobambusa)、赤竹属(Sasa)、箬竹属(Indocalamus)、倭竹属(Shibataea)、和青篱竹属(Arundinariu)等属的一些竹种地下茎维管束的分布状况,并注意到了中心柱边缘维管束排列的特征,从而将其分为三种类型: 相似文献
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采用PCR产物直接测序法对巴山榧树12个地理种群的叶绿体psb A-trn H序列进行了测定,并从Gen Bank搜索并下载巴山榧树近缘种的psb A-trn H序列,运用Clustal X和MEGA 4.1软件分析和构建系统发育树。结果表明,巴山榧树12个地理种群间的遗传分化程度较低;巴山榧树与云南榧、日本榧树的亲缘关系较近,而与长叶榧、榧树、加州榧和佛罗里达榧的亲缘关系较远。研究结果为进一步探讨巴山榧树分子谱系地理学及榧树属的分子系统发育提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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Phylogenetic relationships ofArundinaria and related genera (Pleioblastus, Pseudosasa, Oligostachyum, Bashania, Clavinodum, etc.) were assessed by analyzing the sequences of the nrDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the cpDNAtrnL-F intergenic spacer (IGS). Comparison withtrnL-F IGS sequence, the ITS region provided the higher number of parsimony informative characters, and the interspecific variation
of the ITS sequence was higher than that of thetrnL-FIGS sequence. The tree obtained by combining both sets of data showed that the species sampled inArundinaria and the related genera were monophyletic and divided into two clades. The relationships and positioning of all the taxa surveryed
(includingA. oleosa, A. hsienchuensis, A. chino, A. amara, A. yixingensis, A. amabilis, A. fortunei, A. pygmaea, A. gramineus, A. fargesii,
A. faberi, A. hupehense, Pseudosasa japonica cv. Tsutsumiana, P. japonica andBrachystachyum densiflorum) were also discussed. The results from the sequences were broadly consistent with morphological characters, appearing all
these taxa sampled belong to the genus ofArundinaria. The topologies of the trees generated from individual data and the combined data were similar.
Foundation item: This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30170788)
Biography: ZHUGE Qiang (1959-), male, professor in Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Gene Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University,
Nanjing 210037, P.R. China.
Responsible editor: Song Funan 相似文献
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Powdery mildew is the most common disease on oaks in Europe where it was first recorded at the beginning of the 20th century. Yet, little is known about the origin of the causal agent. In this study, we analysed the variability of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) of the pathogen. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, the 5.8S rRNA coding gene and the intergenic spacer (IGS) of the rDNA of 33 European (mostly French) samples of oak powdery mildew were amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR products were subsequently sequenced. Four different haplotypes were obtained for ITS among the various samples (ITSA, ITSB, ITSC and ITSD). Each ITS sequence corresponded to a different IGS sequence. The comparison of ITS sequences obtained with sequences accessible in the GenBank database revealed very high homologies with different taxa. Of these, three taxa had already been described on oaks in Europe, i.e. Erysiphe alphitoides (100% homology with ITSA), Erysiphe hypophylla (99.4% homology with ITSC) and Phyllactinia guttata (97.64% homology with ITSD). Our data also confirmed the 100% homology between ITSA and the sequence described for Oïdium mangiferae, the agent of mango powdery mildew. The fourth haplotype, i.e. ITSB, represented by nearly 25% samples, showed 100% homology with the recently described Erysiphe quercicola from Quercus spp. in Asia, and several tropical and sub‐tropical powdery mildew species, including Oïdium heveae, a major pathogen of rubber trees worldwide. Our results suggest that oak powdery mildew might originate from host shifts of tropical Erysiphe species introduced to Europe through infected exotic host plants. 相似文献
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J. A. Hoff N. B. Klopfenstein G. I. McDonald J. R. Tonn M.‐S. Kim P. J. Zambino P. F. Hessburg J. D. Rogers T. L. Peever L. M. Carris 《Forest Pathology》2004,34(4):255-271
The fungal community inhabiting large woody roots of healthy conifers has not been well documented. To provide more information about such communities, a survey was conducted using increment cores from the woody roots of symptomless Douglas‐fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) growing in dry forests on the eastern slope of the Cascade Mountains in Washington state, USA. Fungal isolates were cultured on standard media, and then were identified using a combination of molecular and morphological methods. Fungal genera and species identified in this study will provide baseline data for future surveys of fungal endophytes. Examination of internal transcribed spacer (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S rDNA sequences and morphology of cultured fungi identified 27 fungal genera. Two groups predominated: Byssochlamys nivea Westling (20.4% of isolations) and Umbelopsis species (10.4% of isolations). This is the first report of B. nivea within large woody roots of conifers. Both taxa have been previously identified as potential biological control agents. Although some trends were noted, this study found no significant evidence of host species or plant association effects on total recovery of fungal endophytes or recovery of specific fungal taxa. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic and genetic relationships among 10 North American Armillaria species were analysed using sequence data from ribosomal DNA (rDNA), including intergenic spacer (IGS‐1), internal transcribed spacers with associated 5.8S (ITS + 5.8S), and nuclear large subunit rDNA (nLSU), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Based on rDNA sequence data, the nLSU region is less variable among Armillaria species than the ITS + 5.8S and IGS‐1 regions (nLSU < ITS + 5.8S < IGS‐1). Phylogenetic analyses of the rDNA sequences suggested Armillaria mellea, A. tabescens and A. nabsnona are well separated from the remaining Armillaria species (A. ostoyae, A. gemina, A. calvescens, A. sinapina, A. gallica, NABS X and A. cepistipes). Several Armillaria species (A. calvescens, A. sinapina, A. gallica, NABS X and A. cepistipes) clustered together based on rDNA sequencing data. Based on the isolates used in this study, it appears that techniques based on IGS‐1, ITS + 5.8S, and/or D‐domain/3′ ends of nLSU are not reliable for distinguishing A. calvescens, A. sinapina, A. gallica and A. cepistipes. However, AFLP data provided delineation among these species, and AFLP analysis supported taxonomic classification established by conventional methods (morphology and interfertility tests). Our results indicate that AFLP genetic markers offer potential for distinguishing currently recognized North American Biological Species (NABS) of Armillaria in future biological, ecological and taxonomic studies. 相似文献
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蔗扁蛾(Opogona sacchari),隶属鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)辉蛾科(Hieroxestidae)扁蛾属(Opogona)(杨集昆等,1997),是近年来从境外传人我国的一种重要林业危险性有害生物(程桂芳等,1997).该虫寄主广泛,据资料报道(商晗武等,2003),目前已发现寄主植物28科87种8变种,其中,国外报道24科6种4变种,国内14科55种2变种,主要危害巴西木(Dracaena fragrans)、发财树(Pachira macrocarpa)、风梨(Ananas comosus)、一品红(Euphorbia pulcherrima)、朱顶兰(Amaryllis vittata)、木棉(Bombax malabaricum)、大王椰子(Roystonea regia)等观赏植物,我省新发现还能危害柳树(Salix sp.)、紫藤(Wisteria sinensis)、龙爪槐(Sophora japonica var.pendula)等本地绿化树种.它已对我国花卉苗木和林业生产造成严重威胁.为控制疫情扩散蔓延,国家林业局将其列入了林业检疫性有害生物名单. 相似文献
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Attempts to design species‐specific PCR primers from six European Armillaria species in the ribosomal RNA genes are reported. Primers were developed on the basis of the nucleotide sequence variability of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the intergenic spacer (IGS1) of the ribosomal DNA. Four sets of primers gave specific PCR products for Armillaria tabescens, Armillaria mellea and Armillaria ostoyae. However, due to the high sequence similarities between Armillaria borealis and Armillaria ostoyae and between Armillaria cepistipes and Armillaria gallica no species specific amplification was obtained for these taxa. 相似文献
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基于ITS和cpDNA序列的梭梭和白梭梭物种分化 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
【目的】基于nrDNA和cpDNA 2种基因,探讨中国同域分布的梭梭和白梭梭的物种分化,分析2种基因的单片段及其片段组合对2种植物的物种鉴别力,并分析生态位分化的程度及其对物种进化的影响,为梭梭和白梭梭的系统发育和谱系地理等研究提供基础数据。【方法】基于2个nrDNA序列(ITS2、ITS1-ITS4)和3个cpDNA非编码区序列(trnS-trnG、rps4和trnV),对古尔班通古特沙漠南缘同域分布的梭梭和白梭梭共30个个体进行序列分析;利用距离法(基于Kimura 2-parameter)研究2种植物的遗传分化;基于贝叶斯方法分析个体间的分子系统关系;并利用距离法、系统发育树法、BLAST比对法和诊断特征法评价ITS和cpDNA的单序列及其组合对2种植物的物种鉴别力。在此基础上,利用生态位分析软件ENMTools V1.4定量分析梭梭与白梭梭生态位分化的程度。【结果】1)对于梭梭和白梭梭,2个ITS序列拼接比对的总长均为1 117 bp,G+C含量平均分别为34.74%和34.82%,总的信息位点数分别占片段总长的2.33%和1.43%; 3个cpDNA序列拼接比对的总长均为2 344 bp,G+C含量平均分别为59.62%和59.39%,信息位点数分别占片段总长的0.68%和0.43%。2)基于ITS和cpDNA序列组合构建的贝叶斯系统发育树都表明梭梭和白梭梭各聚为一支。3)基于ITS和cpDNA序列组合计算的2种植物的种间最小遗传距离均大于种内的最大遗传距离,并且种间种内都存在1个明显的距离间隙,表明本研究所用的ITS和cpDNA的序列组合可以作为鉴定梭梭和白梭梭的DNA条形码序列。4)基于4种方法评价的ITS和cpDNA序列对梭梭和白梭梭的物种鉴别力表明:2个ITS的单序列及其序列组合的鉴别率均为100%; cpDNA序列中,rps4的单序列及其与trnS-trnG,trnV的两两序列组合的鉴别率均为0,而trnS-trnG,trnV的单序列及其序列组合,以及trnS-trnG+trnV+rps4组合的鉴别率均为100%。5)生态位参数D值和I值的观察值和一致性检验的模拟值都集中在0.65和0.90左右,表明梭梭和白梭梭的生态位分化不明显。【结论】基于ITS和cpDNA序列组合,梭梭和白梭梭物种间的遗传分化明显,分子系统关系清楚; ITS和cpDNA序列组合都可以作为鉴定梭梭和白梭梭的DNA条形码序列;梭梭和白梭梭的生态位分化不明显,说明生态因素很可能对2种植物的分化与进化没有起到明显的作用,2种植物很可能也具有相近的进化历史。本研究的结论可以为梭梭和白梭梭的系统发育、遗传和进化研究提供重要的理论依据和数据支撑。 相似文献
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真菌ITS区序列结构及其应用 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
分析了真核生物以及原核生物核糖体基因内部转录间隔区序列结构.核rDNA的内转录间隔区ITS序列包含被5.8S rDNA所分隔的ITS1和ITS2两个片段.列举了根据真菌ITS区序列设计的扩增通用引物与特异引物.在此基础上,综述了真菌ITS序列结构在种间亲缘关系研究、植物病原真菌的检测、未知病原真菌的鉴定、近似种或疑难种的确定等方面的应用. 相似文献