共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Atxaerandio R Aduriz G Ziluaga I Esteban JI Maranda L Mainar-Jaime RC 《The Veterinary record》2005,156(12):376-380
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Basque Country of Spain to determine the seroprevalence of 10 Leptospira serovars in a population of dairy cattle with poor fertility, and a case-control study was carried out in another northern area to investigate the role of Leptospira interrogans serovar Bratislava in abortions. L. Bratislava was the most prevalent serovar in the cross-sectional study, with 25.4 per cent of the cows testing positive in the microagglutination test when a cut-off of 1:10 or higher was applied, followed by Leptospira Hardjo (8.2 per cent), Leptospira Pomona (7.7 per cent), Leptospira Autumnalis (0.7 per cent) and Leptospira Copenhageni (0.1 per cent). In the case-control study the seroprevalence of L. Bratislava was significantly higher among the cows which had aborted when a titre of 1:300 or more was used as a cut-off (9.7 per cent v 3.4 per cent, P=0.008); 69 per cent of the L. Bratislava-infected cows that had aborted apparently aborted as a result of the infection. 相似文献
2.
Reduction of non-specific reactions to the Brucella abortus serum agglutination test by the addition of EDTA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Serum samples taken from cattle known to be infected with Brucella abortus, and samples routinely collected as part of the brucellosis eradication scheme were tested by the serum agglutination test (SAT), complement fixation test (CFT) and the SAT modified by the addition of ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA). In 64 per cent of the samples giving an SAT titre greater than 100 iu, but a CFT titre 8.3 icftu or less, the agglutination reaction was sufficiently affected by the action of EDTA for the titre to drop to below 100 iu. Only 5 per cent of samples giving an SAT titre greater than 100 iu and a CFT titre of 20 icftu or greater were affected in a similar manner by EDTA, and none of the 29 sera taken from known infected animals showed a drop in titre to below 100 iu, although some with titres greater than 500 iu did show significant EDTA sensitivity. 相似文献
3.
Czopowicz M Kaba J Smith L Szalus-Jordanow O Nowicki M Witkowski L Frymus T 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(9):230
In 2007, a survey was conducted on the prevalence of antibodies to 19 Leptospira serovars in goats in Poland . Sera were collected from adult females of all 49 breeding goat herds in Poland by applying simple random sampling. In total, 736 sera were tested by the microscopic agglutination test. A herd was considered seropositive if at least one goat with a titre of 100 or more was detected. Herd-level seroprevalence of Leptospira was 89.8 per cent and individual-level seroprevalence varied from less than 1.0 to 85.0 per cent among the herds. Antibodies to Leptospira serovars Zanoni, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Australis and Javanica were most frequently detected. Although 40.3 per cent of seropositive goats had high antibody titres (≥ 400), suggesting recent infection, no relationship with abortions or other clinical manifestation of leptospirosis in goats was detected. 相似文献
4.
Serum samples from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in the Kanchanaburi, Chiang Mai and Lampang provinces of Thailand were tested using the microscopic agglutination test against 22 serovars of Leptospira interrogans. A titre of more than 1:100 was used as evidence of infection. In northern Thailand, the seroprevalence was 58 per cent and the prevalent serovars were Leptospira interrogans serovar Sejroe, Leptospira interrogans serovar Tarassovi, Leptospira interrogans serovar Ranarum and Leptospira interrogans serovar Shermani. In western Thailand, the seroprevalence was 57 per cent and the prevalent serovars were L Tarassovi, L Sejroe, L Ranarum, Leptospira interrogans serovar Bataviae and L Shermani. These results were similar to studies in domestic livestock and stray dogs in the Bangkok district. Among the elephants from Kanchanaburi there were significant associations between seropositivity and between the camp and between the prevalent serovars and the camp. 相似文献
5.
R.G. Dhawedkar N.C. Jain M.E. Mount A.T. Bowling J.L. Vegad 《Research in veterinary science》1991,51(3):292
An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was standardised and applied for the detection of anti-platelet and antineutrophil antibodies using a heterologous system consisting of equine platelets or neutrophils and antisera raised in rabbits. The standardised technique consisted of using Immulon type 3 plate, I per cent gelatine as a blocking solution, poly-L-lysine buffer as a coating solution, unfixed antigen, 90 μl test serum, horseradish peroxidase conjugated antibody and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride as a substrate. The number of unfixed platelets or neutrophils required for optimum detection of antibodies was 250,000 per well. Unfixed cellular antigens were as good as their extracts and superior to paraformaldehyde-fixed antigens in detecting specific antibodies. Microtitre plates coated with platelet or neutrophil antigens could be stored at 4° and −70°C for four to five weeks without significant loss of antigenicity. The ELISA was very sensitive in that antiplatelet antibody was detected up to a titre of 1:204,800 and antineutrophil antibody to a titre of 1:51,200. Some cross-reactivity (1:1600) was detected in antiplatelet and antineutrophil sera for neutrophil and platelet antigens, respectively. Platelet-associated antibody was also detected in extracts from platelets pretreated with 1:2 and 1:8 dilutions of antiplatelet serum. Standardised elisa detected antiplatelet antibodies in nine and antineutrophil antibodies in three of 100 isologous equine blood typing sera. 相似文献
6.
In 65 natural cases of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) the common clinicopathological changes included lymphopenia (77 per cent), neutrophilia (45 per cent), anaemia (37 per cent), hyperproteinaemia (39 per cent) and hyperglobulinaemia (39 per cent). There was no difference in the frequency of these abnormalities between the 38 cases of effusive disease and the 27 cases of non-effusive disease. The most consistent changes shown by serum protein electrophoresis were increases in alpha 2- and gamma-globulins. The protein content of the effusions ranged from 39 to 98 g/litre with the globulins comprising 50 to 82 per cent. Coronavirus serology showed a wide variation in antibody titres (0 to 2560) with 320 the modal titre. The diagnostic value of this information was evaluated by comparing it with data from 65 cats in which FIP was considered as a differential diagnosis, but another disease was diagnosed. None of the laboratory tests, including coronavirus serology, had good sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of the disease. The presence of multiple abnormalities compatible with the disease increased the specificity but decreased the sensitivity of the diagnosis. 相似文献
7.
Eight of 10 typical cases of contagious caprine pleuro-pneumonia in Oman yielded strain F38-like mycoplasmas from the lungs in high titre, but no other mycoplasmas: both negative animals had been treated with tylosin shortly before death. Among 21 other lungs examined three of six cases of acute pneumonia yielded Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae; one also yielded M capricolum. M ovipneumoniae was also isolated from all eight cases of chronic pneumonia sampled from an abattoir, and from the lungs of three animals which died without overt signs of pneumonia. A single isolate of M arginini and three of unidentified mycoplasmas were also obtained from goats with and without pneumonia. Various bacterial species were isolated, none of which predominated. Antibodies to M mycoides subspecies capri (M m capri) and strain F38 were detected in sera from eight different sources. Assuming titres of 1 in 40 or more as positive in the indirect haemagglutination test used, 29 per cent of 422 serum samples had antibodies to M m capri alone, 2.6 per cent to strain F38 alone and 3.6 per cent to both organisms. These results confirm the presence of F38-like mycoplasmas in Oman, and indicate also widespread infection with M m capri. The role of the latter in caprine pneumonias in Oman requires elucidation. 相似文献
8.
Dorny P Speybroeck N Verstraete S Baeke M De Becker A Berkvens D Vercruysse J 《The Veterinary record》2002,151(21):626-629
Three hundred and forty-six serum samples taken between 1998 and 2000 from urban stray cats in the city of Ghent were tested for antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and antigens of feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Of these 346 samples, 243 (70.2 per cent) were seropositive for Tgondii. Thirty-nine cats (11.3 per cent) had antibodies against FIV and 13 (3.8 per cent) had circulating antigens of FeLV. Fewer of the female cats had FIV and heavier cats had a higher seroprevalence of FIV. Exact logistic regression showed that cats that were infected with FIV were more likely to be infected with T gondii (P = 0.04), and the cats with FIV had a higher titre of Tgondii antibodies than FIV-negative animals. However, FeLV was not associated with either T gondii or FIV. 相似文献
9.
A. L. Frankland 《The Journal of small animal practice》1969,10(9):531-539
Abstract— —Faecal samples from 72 animals with no disease or history of disease pertaining to the pancreas, were examined for presence of trypsin by means of the Trypsin Digest Test. Each faecal sample was examined microscopically to determine the state of digestion of muscle fibres and the presence or absence of free fat globules. The amount of trypsin found in each sample was expressed as a dilution or titre. The highest titre demonstrated was 1:1280. The lowest was nil. 9.7 per cent of faecal samples produced a titre of nil and 62.5 per cent of faecal samples produced a titre below 1:100. All the faecal samples had a normal appearance and consistency and all showed that adequate digestion had taken place judging from microscopical examination. It was concluded that the trypsin digest titre in itself was of limited value. It should always be considered along with microscopical examination of the faeces when relevant information regarding the pancreatic exocrine secretion might be gained. However, other factors can effect the test and. so repeated tests ought to be done and the results of these tests considered cautiously in conjunction with the clinical findings and the possible influence of these other factors. Résumé— —Des échantillons de fécés provenant dc soixante douze animaux en bonne santé et sans antécédents pathologiques de rapportant au pancréas ont été examinés pour rechercher la présence de trypsine à Faide de l'Epreuve de détermination de la trypsine du tractus digestif. Chaque échantillon de fécés a été examiné au microscope pour apprécier l'état de digestion des fibres musculaires ainsi que la présence ou l'absence de globules de graisse. Le taux de trypsine trouve pour chaque échantillon a été exprimé par sa dilution ou son titre. Le titre le plus haut était 1/1.280 et le plus bas de zéro 9.7 pour cent des échantillons de féces ne contenaient pas de trypsine et 62.5 pour cent avaient un titre au dessous de 1/100. Tous les échantillons de fécés avaient une apparence et une consistance normales et pour tous il a été montré que la digestion appréciée à l'aide de l'examen microscopique paraissait normale. Il a été conclu que le titre de trypsine digestive présentait en lui-même une valeur limitée. Il devra toujours être apprécié par rapport à l'examen microscopique des fécés lorsque l'on doit obtenir des renseignements sur la secrétion exocrine du pancréas. Cependant, d'autres facteurs peuvent modifier l'épreuve et ainsi on devrait répéter les tests et leurs résultats devraient être interprétés avec précaution compte tenu des données de la clinique et de l'influence possible de ces autres facteurs. Zusammenfassung— —Fäkalproben von 72 Tieren, die frei von Krankheiten oder Krankheits-geschichten in bezug auf das Pankreas waren, wurden mittels des Trypsin Digest Tract auf die Anwesenheit von Trypsin untersucht. Jede Fäkalprobe wurde einer mikroskopischen Untersuchung unterzogen, um den Verdauungsgrad von Muskelfasern und die Anwesenheit oder das Fehlen von freien Fetttröpfchen festzustellen. Die in jeder Probe gefundene Trypsinmenge wurde als Verdünnung oder Titer angegeben. Der hochste festgestellte Titer war 1: 1280. Der niedrigste betrug null. 9,7% der Fäkalproben ergaben den Titer null und 62,5% der Fäkalproben ergaben einen Titer unter 1: 100. Alle Fäkalproben zeigten normales Aussehen und normale Konsistenz sowie, dass—nach der mikroskopischen Untersuchung zu urteilen—eine ausreichende Verdauung stattgefunden hatte. Es wurde der Schluss gezogen, dass der Trypsinverdauungstiter allein von begrenztem Wert ist. Er muss stets zugleich mit dem mikroskopischen Fäkaluntersuchungsergebnis betrachtet werden, wenn brauchbare Informationen hinsichtlich der exokrinen Pankreassekretion erhalten werden sollen. Andere Faktoren können jedoch den Test beeinflussen, und so sollten wiederholte Unter-suchungen durchgeführt und deren Ergebnisse sorgfältig in Verbindung mit den klinischen Befunden und dem möglichen Einfluss dieser anderen Faktoren betrachtet werden. 相似文献
10.
磺胺二甲嘧啶免疫抗原的合成研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
试验旨在研究磺胺二甲嘧啶（SM2）免疫抗原的合成。用重氮化方法将SM2分别与牛血清蛋白（BSA）和卵清蛋白（OVA）偶联,合成了免疫抗原SM2-BSA和包被抗原SM2-OVA。紫外扫描和聚丙烯胺凝胶电泳结果表明, SM2-BSA的紫外吸收光谱与BSA、SM2相比均发生了改变,证明偶联成功,并测得SM2-BSA的结合比为13∶1;用SM2-BSA免疫BALB/c小鼠,获得了高效价和特异的多克隆抗体。结果表明,半抗原SM2和载体蛋白偶联成功,并可获得高价、敏感的多克隆抗体。 相似文献
11.
Feline coronavirus is a common infection in cats, as indicated by the high prevalence of antibodies against the virus, especially in multicat households. Approximately 5 to 12 per cent of seropositive cats develop classical feline infectious peritonitis. A survey of kittens born into households of seropositive cats demonstrated the existence of healthy coronavirus carriers. Seronegative animals did not appear to excrete virus. No specific antibody titre could be linked to carrier status and some carrier cats subsequently became seronegative. The management of the kittens strongly influenced whether they became infected, and some degree of protection appeared to be conferred by maternally derived antibody. At present, feline infectious peritonitis virus and feline enteric coronavirus can only be differentiated by their different clinical histories in infected catteries. In this survey, cases of feline infectious peritonitis occurred in kittens from households where the initial presentation had been enteritis and vice versa. Therefore no difference in epidemiology could be found. 相似文献
12.
Performance of high titre attenuated canine parvovirus vaccine in pups with maternally derived antibody 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
S Burtonboy P Charlier J Hertoghs M Lobmann A Wiseman S Woods 《The Veterinary record》1991,128(16):377-381
The performance of live, attenuated, homologous, canine parvovirus vaccines was studied in 140 puppies aged from four to 11 weeks. In the presence of maternally derived antibody the ability of the vaccines to elicit a serological response, as determined by the haemagglutination inhibition test and a standardised ELISA, was found to be dose (infectious titre) related. An experimental vaccine containing 10(7.0) TCID50 of virus induced seroconversion rates of 95, 89, 82 and 44 per cent in dogs with haemagglutination inhibition antibody titres of less than or equal to 8, 16, 32 and greater than 32, respectively. The standardised ELISA appeared to be better than the haemagglutination inhibition test with respect to variability and subjectivity, especially when titres were low. 相似文献
13.
Serological surveys were carried out to determine the prevalence of pestiviral infections in sheep and pigs in Northern Ireland. Sera from 918 ewes in 92 flocks from 10 regions were tested by ELISA for antibodies to border disease virus and positive results were obtained from 49 ewes (5.3 per cent) in 28 flocks (30.4 per cent). There were highly significant geographical variations in its flock prevalence ranging from 0 per cent in the Enniskillen region to 70 per cent in the Coleraine region. There was no significant association between the proportion of seropositive flocks and the presence of cattle on the farm (P = 0.583). In the positive flocks, the average rate of seroprevalence was 17.5 per cent, and the highest was 40 per cent. Comparative neutralisation studies on 14 positive sera with bovine viral diarrhoea virus type I (BVDV I) and border disease virus revealed higher titres (> or = four-fold) to BVDV I in all cases. Only one positive result was obtained when fluids from 186 aborted ovine fetuses were tested for border disease virus by ELISA. Serum samples from 680 pigs in 46 herds were tested for virus neutralising antibodies to border disease virus. Twenty sera (2.9 per cent) were cytotoxic, and only one of the remaining 660 sera gave a positive result. This sample tested negative for classical swine fever by ELISA, and comparative neutralisation studies showed that it had a four-fold higher titre to BVDV I than to border disease virus. 相似文献
14.
Sera from 300 dogs from Ghent and Antwerp were tested for antibodies to Neospora caninurn using an Indirect fluorescent antibody test. Overall, 11 per cent (995 to 13 per cent; confidence interval of 95 per cent) of dogs were seropositive, at titres of 1:50 to 1:800. No sex or breed differences were detected, but there was an Increase In seropositivity with age. 相似文献
15.
During the 12 months commencing July 1976 the animals in a herd of 400 Friesian cows which were carrying their second or later calf were injected intramuscularly with either microgram of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol in 5 ml aqueous carrier or with 5 ml of carrier. The injections were randomised so that 135 of the 269 injected cows received the drug and 134 received the carrier solution. Ten of the experimental group (7.4 per cent) and 22 of the control group (16.4 per cent) had to be treated for milk fever, (P less than 0.08). The protective effect was greatest, (P less than 0.001), when the cows calved between one and eight days after injection of the drug. 相似文献
16.
Cherubini GB Platt SR Howson S Baines E Brodbelt DC Dennis R 《The Journal of small animal practice》2008,49(12):634-640
OBJECTIVES: To compare the value of different magnetic resonance sequences in the detection of brain lesions in dogs with multi-focal intracranial neurolocalised lesions and abnormal cisternal cerebrospinal fluid analysis. METHODS: T2-weighted, T1-weighted, T1-weighted-Gd, FLAIR (fluid attenuated inversion recovery) images of 73 dogs with multi-focal intracranial localised lesions were reviewed retrospectively. Control dogs (19) were selected on the basis of normal neurological examination, magnetic resonance images and cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Two board-certified radiologists blindly reviewed the magnetic resonance images. Magnetic resonance sequence sensitivities were compared using the chi-squared test and logistic regression, accounting for clustering at the patient level. Statistical significance was set at the 5 per cent level. RESULTS: The FLAIR sequence was found to have the highest sensitivity (84 per cent, 61 of 73), followed by T2-weighted (63 per cent, 46 of 73), T1-weighted postcontrast (62 per cent, 45 of 73) and T1-weighted (23 per cent, 17 of 73) (P<0.001). FLAIR images were 106.1 times (95 per cent confidence interval 25.2 to 447.5) more likely to correctly identify cerebrospinal fluid-positive patients than T1-weighted, 6.4 times (95 per cent confidence interval 2.2 to 18.2) than T1-weighted postcontrast and 5.8 times (95 per cent confidence interval 2.0 to 16.4) than T2-weighted. FLAIR identified 14 per cent of cases that were classified as normal based on the three others sequences. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Routine use of FLAIR sequence should be encouraged in dogs undergoing a brain magnetic resonance imaging and probably more specifically in cases of suspected inflammatory brain disease. 相似文献
17.
The prevalence of Babesia equi infection in north west India was assessed by means of the capillary tube agglutination (CA) test. The particulate antigen used in the test was potent and no cross reaction with other related haemaprotozoa was observed. The serological survey showed that from 323 horses from 3 localities there was an overall incidence of 50.1 per cent. In Haryana the incidence was 38.3 per cent in the 196 horses tested, in Uttar Pradesh it was 47.2 per cent from 72 animals and in Rajasthan it was 96.4 per cent from 55 horses. 相似文献
18.
Bluetongue virus grown in BHK cells was shown to be inactivated in concentrations of betapropiolactone (BPL) higher than 0-15 per cent. When the virus, inactivated with 0-2 per cent BPL and prepared as a double emulsion vaccine, was injected into Cypriot sheep, no untoward reactions were observed and neutralising antibodies developed. The antibody titre reached a high level and persisted for at least a year. After re-vaccination, a secondary response was observed. A bivalent vaccine elicited a response to both virus types incorporated. The possibilities of using a polyvalent inactivated vaccine are discussed. 相似文献
19.
Jackson R Pite L Kennard R Ward D Stack J Domi X Rami A Dedushaj I 《The Veterinary record》2004,154(24):747-751
A cross-sectional survey of the seroprevalence of brucellosis in sheep, goats and cattle in Kosovo was made in January 2001. A total of 12,000 serum samples, from 7941 cattle, 3548 sheep and 511 goats, were screened using the Rose Bengal test. Doubtful and positive results were further tested with competitive and indirect ELISAS. The overall serological prevalences derived from the samples positive to all three tests, were 6.26 per cent (95 per cent confidence intervals [CI] 5.5 to 7.1 per cent) for sheep, 7.24 per cent (5.3 to 9.8 per cent) for goats and 0.58 per cent (0.43 to 0.77 per cent) for cattle. The survey covered 26 of the 29 municipalities and showed that brucellosis was widely but unevenly distributed throughout the province. Seropositive animals were found in 25 per cent (19 to 32 per cent) of 162 villages surveyed. The risk of cattle being infected on holdings where both cattle and sheep were kept was greater, with a risk ratio of 4.6 (2.2 to 9.6), than on holdings where only cattle were kept. Brucella melitensis probably predominates as the cause of brucellosis in ruminants in the province of Kosovo. 相似文献
20.
Godfrey DR 《The Journal of small animal practice》2005,46(9):425-429
OBJECTIVES: To provide basic information about natural feline osteoarthritis (OA) as part of more extensive studies. METHODS: A retrospective study of cats (greater than one year of age) radiographed for any reason at a first opinion and referral veterinary practice was performed. Cats were classified as either having or not having radiographic OA. Computerised histories were searched for records of potential causes and clinical signs of OA. The genders and ages of the affected cats were compared with a control population using chi-squared tests. RESULTS: Of 491 cats, 292 (59 per cent) had undergone a diagnostic radiograph of at least one synovial joint. Sixty-three of 292 cats (22 per cent) showed evidence of radiographic OA; 21 (33 per cent) of which also had clinically evident OA. A potential cause of OA had been recorded in only seven of 63 cats (11 per cent). The population of cats with radiographic evidence of OA was older than the control population (P<0.001). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Radiographic OA was found in 22 per cent of the test population. In many cases there was no clinical evidence of OA recorded in the history, suggesting that either there is little correlation between clinical and radiographic OA or that clinical signs of OA in cats may not have been observed or recorded. Idiopathic/primary OA was common. 相似文献