共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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风、蜜蜂因素对转Cry1Ac基因棉花花粉介导的基因漂移的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在温室内人工创造风力和释放传粉昆虫蜜蜂的条件下,应用PCR和蛋白试纸条结合的方法检测外源Cry1Ac基因通过花粉漂移至非转基因棉的频率和距离.结果表明:风力处理和蜜蜂处理的基因漂移频率均显著高于空白对照.漂移至非转基因亲本棉石远321的频率显著高于陆地棉中棉所35和海岛棉吉扎1号.漂移至石远321的频率随距离远近差异显著,而漂移至中棉所35和吉扎1号的频率在不同距离上差异不显著.风力处理共检测到阳性样本72个,在检测范围内,漂移至石远321的最远距离为25.6 m,漂移至中棉所35和吉扎1号的最远距离均为19.2 m.蜜蜂处理中共检测到阳性样本75个,在检测范围内,漂移到常规棉的最远漂移距离均达到设置最远处36 m,并在此处达到峰值.本研究可为转基因棉花基因漂移生态风险性评估提供参考. 相似文献
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《华北农学报》2021,36(2)
为了培育优良的抗虫玉米自交系,通过农杆菌介导的方法,将含有自主改造合成的抗虫基因Cry1Ab-t的植物表达载体pCAMBIA3300m导入玉米杂交种HiII基因组中,通过双丙氨磷筛选、PCR检测获得阳性转基因植株,采用RT-PCR、试纸条、ELISA方法检测外源基因的表达情况,并进行抗虫性鉴定。结果表明,用双丙氨磷筛选后,获得了116株转基因玉米植株;经目的基因Cry1Ab-t和标记基因Bar的PCR检测,获得转基因阳性植株82株。选取长势好的转基因材料YA108进行RT-PCR、Bt-Cry1Ab/Ac试纸条和ELISA分析发现,转基因玉米YA108的Cry1Ab-t基因在转录、翻译水平上均表达。玉米花丝接虫试验表明,非转基因玉米花丝虫食严重,表现为高感玉米螟;而转基因玉米YA108花丝抗虫效果明显,均达到高抗水平,抗虫性表现稳定;吐丝期接虫试验表明,非转基因玉米接虫后期被咬食严重,茎秆多处有蛀孔,伤口处大多有霉菌,而转基因玉米YA108没有受到危害。田间接虫后,无论叶片和花丝,转Cry1Ab-t基因抗虫玉米材料YA108对亚洲玉米螟都具有非常好的抗性,能够短时间杀灭玉米螟幼虫,并极大程度减少了由于虫害引起的霉变。室内和田间接虫鉴定结果表明,转基因玉米YA108对亚洲玉米螟有较强的杀虫效果,田间抗虫等级为1级,抗性水平为高抗。 相似文献
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FSHR基因的PCR-RFLP对牛双胎性状的标记分析 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
FSHR基因5’端（包括侧翼序列和第一外显子）的限制性内切酶TaqⅠ的PCR-RFLP标记研究发现，在秦川牛中双胎母牛的A基因频率（0.5500）和AA基因型频率（0.5000）分别高于单胎母牛的A基因频率（0.3500）和AA基因型频率（0.3000）；在黑白花奶牛中双胎母牛的B基因频率（0.5937）和BB基因型频率（0.6875）均高于单胎母牛的B基因频率（0.5416）和BB基因型频率（0.4167），也就是FSHR基因的5’端的PCR-RFLP标记在一个品种内单胎母牛和双胎母牛之间有一定趋势，但两个品种的趋势不同。 相似文献
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以转CHB101基因及非转基因玉米自交系为试验材料,采用Hoagland营养液水培方法,研究在不同浓度的NaCl胁迫下,转CHB101基因玉米及非转基因玉米幼苗生长状况及生理指标差异。结果表明:转基因玉米自交系幼苗的生长状况优于对照。随着NaCl胁迫浓度的增加,转基因玉米自交系幼苗的根长、地上及地下部分含水量、根系脱氢酶活力、叶绿素含量都高于非转基因系幼苗,并且变化幅度较小;高盐胁迫下,转基因玉米幼苗的丙二醛含量变化幅度小于非转基因,脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量高于非转基因。以上结果说明导入的CHB101基因增强了玉米的耐盐性。 相似文献
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农杆菌介导的玉米合子基因转化 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究建立了农杆菌介导的玉米合子转化方法。用农杆菌介导合子转化方法,以含有bar基因的标准双元载体PTF102和含有bar基因和双价抗虫基因Cry1A（a）或Cry1A（c）、PTA（半夏凝集素）的载体p3300-Bt-pta转化玉米自交系吉8902、丹340、吉4112、吉853、铁7922及PA91,直接从受体植株得到转化种子,用除草剂PPT筛选和PCR鉴定,获得转基因植株及后代。实验分析了2002年、2003年和2004年的3批转化操作的结实率、转化率及转基因的遗传情况：经农杆菌侵染的雌穗平均结实率为39％,合子转化频率达1％以上,转基因可以遗传下去。农杆菌介导玉米合子转化方法可以重复获得成功,表明我们成功建立起一个新的不依赖组织培养的玉米转基因技术体系。 相似文献
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从甘蓝型油菜的生活周期出发,概述了甘蓝型油菜及其近缘种的开花习性、甘蓝型油菜与其近缘种的杂交亲和性、杂种及其回交后代的育性和适应性,评价了在中国环境条件下甘蓝型油菜中的外源基因向其近缘种漂移而导致生态风险的可能性。认为在中国环境条件下,转基因甘蓝型油菜向其野生杂草近缘种的基因漂移风险较小,而如何防止转基因向白菜型油菜（Brassica rapa）和芥菜型油菜（B.juncea）转移应作为中国转基因甘蓝型油菜基因基因漂移风险控制的关键。 相似文献
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质粒分子以其良好的适应性被较多地用作转基因标准材料的替代品。本文根据转植酸酶基因玉米phyA2基因设计引物与探针,并构建了一种包含phyA2基因片段(243 bp)和内标基因片段(178 bp)的质粒分子pPZ。选取不同转基因模板DNA作用于phyA2特异性引物,PCR结果显示只有转植酸酶基因玉米出现131 bp的目的条带;选取不同转基因作物检测体系作用于质粒分子pPZ,只有以pPZ DNA为模板时出现目的条带(131 bp和88 bp)。同时采用pPZ质粒分子和转基因玉米阳性基因组DNA为标准对4个转植酸酶基因玉米混合样品(3.0%、1.0%、0.5%和0.1%)进行定量检测,t检验表明,2种标准产生的斜率、线性相关系数和定值结果没有显著差异。这些结果表明,pPZ质粒分子可以作为转植酸酶基因玉米替代品用于定性和定量检测。 相似文献
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转基因小麦目标基因通过花粉漂流的可能性研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
以去雄小麦为受体，在10m范围内小麦花粉可在任何方向发生有效漂移（使受体结实），花粉的最远有效漂移距离可达80m，以不去雄的小麦、柱穗山羊草和卵穗山羊草为受体时，在距花粉源1m的范围内，小麦间的异交率最高为0.24%、小麦与柱穗山羊草和卵穗山羊草间的异交率分别为0.25%和0，花粉的最远有效漂移距离可达20m。依照欧盟的标准，非转基因小麦即使与转基因品种相邻种植，其产品中的转基因成分也不会超标，在麦类近缘野生植物的起源中心及主要分布区，释放转基因小麦要特别慎重。 相似文献
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Keith T. Gatford Zainuddin Basri Jane Edlington Julia Lloyd Javed A. Qureshi Richard Brettell Geoffrey B. Fincher 《Euphytica》2006,151(3):383-391
In this study the frequency and distance of gene flow from transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) to non-transgenic wheat and barley crops was investigated under local field conditions. Trials were conducted in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and in South Australia (SA). Gene flow from transgenic wheat was confirmed at frequencies of 0.012% and 0.0037% in the ACT and SA, respectively. In both trials gene flow occurred over distances of less than 12 m. Gene flow was also detected from transgenic barley at a frequency of 0.005%, over a distance of less than 12 m. The results show that under Australian field conditions, gene flow occurs at extremely low frequencies and over very short distances. Physical separation of transgenic and non-transgenic cereal crops by greater than 12 m should ensure that contamination of adjacent non-transgenic cereal crops remains less than 0.02%, well below the level permitted under Australian regulations. 相似文献
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转基因大豆在中国发生基因漂移的风险性 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随着越来越多转基因作物的出现,外源基因对普通栽培种和野生近缘种的基因污染以及通过自然杂交发生基因漂移的可能性都在增加。转基因大豆作为世界上种植面积最大的转基因作物,2007年占据了世界转基因作物种植面积的51%。我国野生大豆的种质资源丰富,且每年都要大量引入转基因大豆,这必将带来一系列的生态风险。本文综述了转基因大豆在我国发生基因逃逸并与野生近缘种杂交的可能性以及杂交后可能的生态效应,并提出了今后应开展工作的方向,以期为我国转基因大豆管理提供依据。 相似文献
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To test the effectiveness of high crop barriers in reducing gene flow, we conducted experiments in two large fields (around 750 m × 750 m) using yellow transgenic maize and white conventional maize in the growth season of 2013, with Sorghum as a high crop barrier in a shape of 5 m zone. Sorghum barrier affected pollen load at different directions, decreasing pollen number in further locations. It also decreased the cross-pollination incidence between transgenic and non-transgenic maize, with a average rate of 9.35% in the open site and 1.04% in the Sorghum site. But Sorghum barrier had little effect on the maximum distance of pollen flow and cross-pollination, which depends on wind direction and speed. The maximum distance of gene flow from transgenic to conventional maize was 300 m in the open site and 350 m in the Sorghum site. High crop barrier could be proposed as an effective method to reduce the frequency of gene flow from transgenic to conventional crops and to regulate their coexistence. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Agronomy》2006,24(1):26-34
The outcrossing of transgenic oilseed rape in the neighbourhood is of major concern with regard to the actual EU labelling threshold of 0.9% for transgenic contamination in food and feed and the regulations for the co-existence of cultivation of genetically modified crops, conventional and organic farming. In a two-year field trial, the outcrossing frequencies and distribution from plots with different ratios of transgenic plants (100%, 1.0% and 0.1%) containing the pat-gene for resistance towards the broad-range herbicide glufosinate-ammonium were determined in surrounding acceptor plots within a distance of 3–11 m. Randomly distributed outcrossing with isolated pollination events became apparent, and an average gene flow of 0.28%, 0.01% and 0.0065% was detected for 100%, 1.0% and 0.1% transgenic donor plots, respectively. Significant effects on the distribution of outcrossing were found for distance, but not for the prevailing wind direction. The random distribution in combination with the behaviour of honey-bees and bumble-bees gives strong evidence that insects play an important role for short distance gene dispersal. A curve fit assuming an exponential decline was performed with the experimental outcrossing data as a function of distance and was applied to the actual EU labelling threshold. The contamination limit of 0.9% in food and feed could be kept without cultivation distances to the transgenic source. The impact of effective detection limits of analytical methods on the establishment of specific rules for the co-existence is discussed. 相似文献
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Recent studies have indicated that spontaneous interspecies crossing commonly occurs among vascular plants, and therefore that horizontal gene flow from transgenic plants into wild relatives is unavoidable. Few surveys, however, have been conducted to determine an actual flow frequency for individual plant species. For the present estimation of gene flow among Vigna angularis complex (small red bean) plants, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA was analysed, the patterns of which differ between a cultivar, var. angularis and its wild counterpart, var. nipponensis. Cultivars and wild‐type plants were planted alternately and approximately 1% of the screened F1 beans of wild type were hybrid. These F1 hybrids were selected, allowed to self to produce F2 beans, and subsequent crossing between the F2 plants and wild type resulted in that 3.7% of the F3 generation possessed DNA fragments specific to the cultivar. These results indicate that gene flow actually occurs among V. angularis complex plants, and that transferred genes might be stably maintained by the offspring. The present observation cannot be directly applied to transgenic plants due to the lack of information as to whether or not artificially introduced genes behave as do native genes after horizontal movement. However, as gene flow is found to be inevitable in this species, specific assessment of whether or not the gene to be introduced confers a significant selective advantage to the host is critical for utilization of genetically modified plants in future. 相似文献
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The flowing sequence has important effect to the flow ste Pdistance and the period of non-rhythm flowing construction,algorithmic research of ordering and step distance calculation are always difficult point of non-rhythm flowing construction optimizes studying.An optimization model of non-rhythm flow process is founded,and a common method for confirming the length of flow step was put forward.In order to find the solution of the optimization model conveniently,the optimization problem is transformed to shortest path problem skillfully.A dynamic programming algorithm is given to make the construction project period as shorter as possible,to reduce cost and improve economic efficiency. 相似文献