共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 789 毫秒
1.
玉米营养品质性状及其与产量的相关分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
研究14份玉米自交系及其采用7×7不完全双列杂交设计组配的49个F1组合的营养品质性状和产量,结果表明,普通玉米多数营养品质性状及产量中亲值与其F1平均值之间存在正相关趋势,实践上应注意选择高值亲本;主要营养品质性状之间、单株产量与大多数营养品质性状之间以及它们的配合力效应值间呈正相关趋势,通过性状相关可间接选择;普通玉米产量与蛋白质含量等多数营养品质性状及其配合力可以同步聚合,但要同步改良其蛋白质品质及其配合力还存在较大困难。 相似文献
2.
特用玉米是营养保健食品的重要原料,其营养品质仍待提高。胚乳淀粉体和蛋白体的发育状况与子粒直链淀粉、支链淀粉及醇溶蛋白含量密切相关。本文主要综述胚乳淀粉体和蛋白体发育的时空特征与相关基因突变对特用玉米营养品质的影响,展望未来研究趋势。 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
不同栽培措施对青贮玉米产量和营养品质的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
采用随机区组设计和“3414”最优回归设计,研究青贮玉米不同种植密度、收获期和施肥水平对产量和营养品质的影响。结果表明：不同种植密度、收获期和施肥水平均极显著影响青贮玉米的产量和营养品质。其中,氮肥对青贮玉米的鲜、干生物产量的提高及青贮玉米营养品质、饲用价值的提高贡献最大,其次是磷肥,钾肥的影响较小。建立了氮、磷、钾肥和青贮玉米鲜、干生物产量,蛋白质产量,中、酸性洗涤纤维产量,脂肪产量的回归数学模型。得出了青贮玉米新饲玉14号在海南中等肥力土壤上的适宜种植密度为7.50～9.00万株/hm2;最佳收获期是籽粒乳熟中期; 预测出了获得青贮玉米最大鲜、干生物产量,蛋白质产量,中、酸性洗涤纤维产量,脂肪产量时所需氮、磷、钾肥的施用量。 相似文献
9.
矿质营养对玉米籽粒营养品质的影响 总被引：42，自引：2，他引：42
本文介绍了氮、磷、钾、锌、锰、铜、硒及稀土对普通玉米、高赖玉米和甜玉米籽粒营养品质的影响，适量施肥可明显提高籽粒蛋白质、脂肪、氨基酸等成分的含量。单独施氮肥虽然能显著提高蛋白质含量，却降低了蛋白质的营养价值．氮、磷、钾配合使籽粒品质明县改善、普通玉米和高赖玉米籽粒品质对矿质养分的反应有差别． 相似文献
10.
11.
寒地半干旱区鲜食玉米品种适应性和品质性状分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以18个鲜食玉米品种为试验材料,针对寒地西部半干旱地区的气候条件,研究不同类型鲜食玉米子粒鲜食期的营养成分的积累动态及品质变化。结果表明,鲜食玉米灌浆期子粒的可溶性糖、粗淀粉、蛋白质、子粒含水率和维C含量在不同灌浆期、不同品种间差异极显著。随着子粒的发育,不同类型鲜食玉米品种的可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白含量和子粒含水率呈下降趋势,粗淀粉含量呈上升趋势,维C含量呈先上升后下降的动态曲线变化。根据鲜食玉米营养成分与品质的关系,通过子粒含水率结合蛋白质含量和粗淀粉含量确定糯玉米的最佳采收期,子粒含水率结合可溶性糖含量和维C含量确定甜玉米的最佳采收期。 相似文献
12.
基于知识图谱的我国青贮玉米研究领域可视化分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以1992～2019年中国知网(CNKI)数据库收录的721篇青贮玉米研究的核心期刊论文为研究对象,运用文献分析法,并借助CiteSpace软件绘制知识图谱,对我国青贮玉米研究的文献分布、刊物分布、研究机构、研究热点与趋势等进行可视化分析,全面把握我国青贮玉米领域研究的发展进程,为我国青贮玉米理论研究提供有价值的参考.... 相似文献
13.
本方分析了饲料玉米在我国农业中的重要地位,并对饲料玉米的种类及饲用价值,以及国外在营养品质的遗传变异、青贮玉米的消化率的遗传变异、收获时期的研究、种质资源等方面的研究进展和国内专用饲料玉米的研究现状进行论述,提出我国当前选育优质专用饲料玉米育种存在的问题及解决方法。 相似文献
14.
美国先锋玉米杂优模式利用对中国玉米育种的影响 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
近年来,美国先锋种子公司在国内审定了许多品种,其利用主要杂优模式是A×B;母本来源主要是Reid血缘的选系,父本是Lancaster血缘选系。先锋玉米杂交种以其脱水快、出籽率高、品质好、生育期适中等优点,深受农民青睐,种植面积迅速扩大,在辽宁北部、吉林、黑龙江南部成为主栽品种。国内玉米品种利用主要模式是Reid×旅系、Reid×唐四平头改良系,其杂交种存在着后期脱水慢,出籽率不高,熟期偏长,商品性一般等缺点,逐渐被先锋杂交种所取代。先锋玉米对中国育种有着很重要的影响,育种者普遍认为：熟期适中,出籽率高,品质好,脱水快,抗多种病害,抗倒,适应区域广,是今后玉米育种主攻目标,改变了中国育种者的育种观念。 相似文献
15.
2016年度中国玉米生物学研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,我国在玉米生物学领域的研究水平不断提升,开始在国际主流学术期刊发表具有重要影响力的研究论文。2016年,我国在104个“SCI”收录的期刊发表研究论文338篇,其中,在5年平均影响因子超过5.0的期刊发表论文46篇。在玉米子粒发育遗传调控、玉米抗非生物胁迫基因挖掘和功能研究、玉米抗生物胁迫基因挖掘及功能分析、玉米重要农艺性状基因/QTLs发掘、玉米转录组蛋白质和代谢组研究、玉米栽培生理学研究以及玉米遗传育种新方法与新技术等方面取得了重要进展。 相似文献
16.
我国玉米品质现状、问题及发展优质食用玉米对策 总被引：79，自引：20，他引：79
本文依据我国玉米生产的发展和市场需求的变化提出了我国玉米生产已进入了一个新的阶段,即提高单产改善品质的阶段.对我国玉米品质现状进行了分析,介绍了食用玉米研究进展、发展趋势及发展优质食用玉米的对策. 相似文献
17.
Meeting demands for increased cereal production in China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Meeting demands for increased cereal production in China is a great challenge and this paper provides updated information on cereal production and the potential adaptation of cropping systems to climate change, as well as on progress in improving yield potential and developing molecular markers and GM cereals in China. Maize production and soybean imports are increasing significantly to meet the strong demand for feed by a rapidly growing livestock industry. Extension of the rice and maize growing seasons in northeastern China and improvement of the cropping system through delayed wheat planting have contributed to improving cereal productivity despite changing climatic conditions. Significant improvements in yield potential of rice, maize, and wheat have been achieved. Comparative genomics has been successfully used to develop and validate functional markers for processing quality traits in wheat, and also for developing new varieties. Although transgenic Bt rice and maize, and maize expressing phytase have been developed, their commercialization has not been officially permitted. International collaboration has contributed significantly to cereal production by providing germplasm and improved crop management practices. Full integration of applied molecular technologies into conventional breeding programs and promotion of lower-input technologies, will play a key role in increasing and sustaining future cereal production. 相似文献
18.
19.
Development of high yield maize germplasm with satisfying nutritional quality has been a major objective for maize breeders. Introgression lines from hybrids between Zea mays ssp. mexicana, a close wild relative of cultivated maize, and elite maize inbred line Ye515 were obtained. Ear-related traits of the lines showed wide range of variation compared to the maize parent. Kernel protein contents in the progeny lines ranged from 7.89% to 12.44%. Considerable variability of protein fractions and amino acid composition of mature endosperms was observed. Protein contents for some lines such as SD00362, SD00312 and SD00259 were significantly higher than that of Ye515, and Lys and some other essential amino acids were conspicuously improved. It was concluded that introgression from Z. mays ssp. mexicana into a maize background had great effects on protein content and composition, and that desirable inbred lines with enhanced protein contents and improved nutritional value were produced via alien introgression. 相似文献
20.
Sotelo A Soleri D Wacher C Sánchez-Chinchillas A Argote RM 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(2):148-155
Foam-topped cacao and maize beverages have a long history in Mesoamerica. Tejate is such a beverage found primarily in the Zapotec region of the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Historically tejate has been ceremonially important but also as an essential staple, especially during periods of hard fieldwork. However, the nutritional contribution of traditional foods such as tejate has not been investigated. We analyzed tejate samples from three Central Valley communities, vendors in urban Oaxaca markets and one migrant vendor in California, USA for their proximate composition, amino acid content and scores, and mineral and methylxanthine content. Nutritional and chemical variation exists among tejate recipes, however, the beverage is a source of energy, fat, methylxanthines, K, Fe and other minerals although their availability due to presence of phytates remains to be determined. Tejate is a source of protein comparable to an equal serving size of tortillas, with protein quality similarly limited in both. Tejate provides the nutritional benefits of maize, and some additional ones, in a form appealing during hot periods of intense work, and year round because of its cultural significance. Its substitution by sodas and other high glycemic beverages may have negative nutritional, health and cultural consequences. 相似文献