共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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地下滴灌应用试验研究 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5
将孔口式、发丝管式和内镶式滴灌带等三种常用的灌水器应用于地下滴灌系统,并进行田间试验,分析其流量变化规律、灌水均匀度及对堵塞的敏感性,探讨地下滴灌技术的适用性。结果表明,地下滴灌技术在实践中是可以运用的,但仍需对灌水器选择及系统布置等方面开展研究 相似文献
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地下滴灌对草坪土壤水分及根系分布的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
以滴头、滴灌毛管二种地下滴灌灌水器为研究对象,通过田间对比试验,探讨了地下滴灌条件下的土壤含水率、草坪根系空间分布规律。结果表明,滴灌毛管在水平方向的土壤含水率差异显著,而滴头在垂直方向的土壤含水率差异显著。说明以滴头灌溉水平方向土壤含水率水平方向分布偏差小、灌溉均匀性高,而滴灌毛管则适合深层灌溉。在此基础上,结合草坪根系空间分布规律,初步确定了在滴头、滴灌毛管2种灌水器中,滴头灌溉更适合城市绿地草坪,也为草坪地下滴灌技术应用提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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高灌水均匀度防堵塞内镶贴片式地下灌水器设计研制及试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从制约地下滴灌技术发展的地下灌水器(滴头)灌水均匀度差、滴头容易堵塞等问题出发,立足于地下滴灌急需解决的理论和技术问题,以减小滴头堵塞率为目标,以满足灌水均匀度为前提,以确定滴头设计工作压力为突破口,以滴头优化设计为手段,从地下灌水器灌水均匀度设计指标、滴头设计工作压力取值和结构优化设计3个方面进行了深入细致的研究试验,最终达到完善地下滴灌灌水器设计理论、实现结构设计优化、提高地下滴灌适用性的目标. 相似文献
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孙学文 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):105-106
地下滴灌技术是微灌技术的典型应用形式,被公认为最有发展前途的高效节水灌溉技术之一。通过对滴灌技术的发展历史和现状进行分析,详细阐述滴灌技术在农业生产中的应用技术和设计方法,指出滴灌技术具有节水、增产等优点,对农业可持续发展具有重要意义。 相似文献
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地下滴灌技术是微灌技术的典型应用形式,被公认为最有发展前途的高效节水灌溉技术之一.通过对滴灌技术的发展历史和现状进行分析,详细阐述滴灌技术在农业生产中的应用技术和设计方法,指出滴灌技术具有节水、增产等优点,对农业可持续发展具有重要意义. 相似文献
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最近几年地下滴灌在国内推广迅速,但其工程设计仍按地表滴灌模式进行,一定程度上阻碍了其应用.湿润比是微灌系统设计的重要参数之一,在前人研究的基础上,对地下滴灌湿润比计算方法进行了理论推导,给出了理论计算公式,并进行了相关误差分析.认为:地下滴灌湿润比计算公式与地表滴灌类似,但与计划湿润深度、灌水器埋深等参数相关;继续使用地表滴灌湿润比计算公式会产生误差,误差大小与计划湿润深度和湿润体形状密切相关;只有在一定取值范围内才可继续沿用20～30 cm深处土层的湿润面积来计算湿润比. 相似文献
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Lincoln Zotarelli Johannes M. Scholberg Rafael Muñoz-Carpena 《Agricultural Water Management》2009,96(1):23-34
Florida is the largest producer of fresh-market tomatoes in the United States. Production areas are typically intensively managed with high inputs of fertilizer and irrigation. The objectives of this 3-year field study were to evaluate the interaction between N-fertilizer rates and irrigation scheduling on yield, irrigation water use efficiency (iWUE) and root distribution of tomato cultivated in a plastic mulched/drip irrigated production systems. Experimental treatments included three irrigation scheduling regimes and three N-rates (176, 220 and 230 kg ha−1). Irrigation treatments included were: (1) SUR (surface drip irrigation) both irrigation and fertigation line placed right underneath the plastic mulch; (2) SDI (subsurface drip irrigation) where the irrigation line was placed 0.15 m below the fertigation line which was located on top of the bed; and (3) TIME (conventional control) with irrigation and fertigation lines placed as in SUR and irrigation being applied once a day. Except for the “TIME” treatment all irrigation treatments were controlled by soil moisture sensor (SMS)-based irrigation set at 10% volumetric water content which was allotted five irrigation windows daily and bypassed events if the soil water content exceeded the established threshold. Average marketable fruit yields were 28, 56 and 79 Mg ha−1 for years 1-3, respectively. The SUR treatment required 15-51% less irrigation water when compared to TIME treatments, while the reductions in irrigation water use for SDI were 7-29%. Tomato yield was 11-80% higher for the SUR and SDI treatments than TIME where as N-rate did not affect yield. Root concentration was greatest in the vicinity of the irrigation and fertigation drip lines for all irrigation treatments. At the beginning of reproductive phase about 70-75% of the total root length density (RLD) was concentrated in the 0-15 cm soil layer while 15-20% of the roots were found in the 15-30 cm layer. Corresponding RLD distribution values during the reproductive phase were 68% and 22%, respectively. Root distribution in the soil profile thus appears to be mainly driven by development stage, soil moisture and nutrient availability. It is concluded that use of SDI and SMS-based systems consistently increased tomato yields while greatly improving irrigation water use efficiency and thereby reduced both irrigation water use and potential N leaching. 相似文献
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防堵塞地下滴灌系统设计与性能试验分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为解决滴灌过程中地下滴灌系统的堵塞问题,设计了新型防堵塞地下滴灌系统并阐述了其工作原理、设计要求,分析并确定地下滴灌系统水压为15~25 kPa,出水孔间距为300 mm,防护管内壁与毛管的外壁距离为40 mm时,灌水均匀度可达到85%以上;通过该系统对酿酒葡萄赤霞珠生长的影响试验结果表明,防堵塞地下滴灌与膜下滴灌、普通滴灌相比能保持20~60 cm深度土壤含水率的稳定性,明显提高植株根冠比,增加有效根表面积,加快根系周转与更新,进而增强植株根系对水分和养分的吸收能力。 相似文献