共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
猪SLAⅡ类基因多态性及其与抗病性状关联的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
猪的白细胞抗原（swine lymphocyte antigen,SLA）是猪体内与抗病性和免疫应答密切相关的一组基因群，它不仅编码移植抗原，控制移植排斥反应，还参与免疫应答调控和免疫识别，其中最重要的功能之一就是抗原递呈。对SLA的深入研究不仅可以为兽医临床免疫耐受、表位疫苗的研制提供先进的理论基础，同时还有助于发现猪抗病育种中有效的候选基因。作者就SLAⅡ类基因的多态性及其与抗病性状关联的研究作一综述。 相似文献
2.
主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)是一类编码细胞表面糖蛋白的异质二聚体,在脊椎动物中分布广泛,由于具有能够参与免疫应答诱导和调节的特性,使其成为现代免疫学相关研究的热点之一。猪的主要组织相容性复合体又称猪白细胞抗原(SLA),位于第7号染色体并横跨着丝粒,分为Ⅰ类基因、Ⅱ类基因和Ⅲ类基因,它不仅参与移植排斥反应而且在多种免疫应答反应中起到调节作用。文章围绕SLA基因介绍了其免疫抗病现状、在细胞亚群上的表达、对猪免疫生产的影响、参与病原体调控机制及相关T淋巴细胞抗原表位分析等免疫相关研究进展。最后展望了作为抗病遗传标记物的SLA基因在免疫学方面的研究发展方向,认为应该着力探究SLA等位基因和单倍型在控制免疫相关反应时起到的调控作用、确定特异性抗原表位、鉴定关键的免疫细胞亚群和确切的SLA基因座,并对猪基因组序列和基因组学及蛋白组学工具进行更新改良,从而对SLA基因调节的新型免疫相关途径的开发起到指导作用。 相似文献
3.
仔猪腹泻是一种以新生和幼龄仔猪为主的肠道感染病,造成腹泻的病因包括病原菌、饲养和遗传因素。猪白细胞抗原(Swine leukocyte antigen,SLA)是猪主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)基因的编码产物,作为动物抗病力的遗传标记,在选择抗病性猪种方面具有重要的辅助性。DR和DQ亚区是SLAⅡ类基因中遗传多态性最为丰富的区域,在控制机体的免疫应答与调节中发挥着重要作用,与猪的抗病能力密切相关。国内大量研究均显示SLA-DRB基因与仔猪腹泻的发病密切相关,本文主要论述SLA-DRB基因多态性与仔猪腹泻的关联性研究进展。 相似文献
4.
抗病育种是从遗传本质上提高畜禽对病原的抗性,增强畜禽的结实性。本文主要介绍了猪抗病性的遗传基础及制约抗病育种的因素,重点论述了抗病育种的几种途径,并对猪抗病育种的前景进行了展望。 相似文献
5.
猪的抗病性及抗病育种 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
抗病育种是从遗传本质上提高畜禽对病原的抗性,增强畜禽的结实性.本文主要介绍了猪抗病性的遗传基础及制约抗病育种的因素,重点论述了抗病育种的几种途径,并对猪抗病育种的前景进行了展望. 相似文献
6.
猪遗传抗性和抗病育种的研究进展及展望 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
早在20世纪30年代,有学者就开始对猪和其他畜禽的抗病育种进行了初步研究,并发现遗传差异可导致宿主对病原的敏感性不同。但在随后的一段时期,随着免疫学和生物制品学的发展,大部分传染病通过免疫策略得到了有效控制,使抗病育种受到了冷落。随着人们对绿色保护意识的增强,世界发达国家开始高度重视符合“5R（educe,reuse,recycle,rescue,revaluate）”原则的健康养殖业生产。在这种情形下,特别是随着现代分子育种技术的快速发展,畜禽抗病育种又被推到了公众面前。现将猪遗传抗性和抗病育种的研究进展及展望综述如下。 相似文献
7.
<正>猪主要组织相容性复合物(MHC),又称为SLA,即猪白细胞抗原。SLA位于7号染色体的短臂上,与J、C两血型系统连锁在一起,其结构与人的MHC极为相似。猪MHC的Ⅱ类基因位于SLA-D区,它控制着机体的免疫应答与调控,在调节机体的抗病能力方面起到非常重要的作用。有研究表明,具Ⅱ类不同 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
副猪嗜血杆菌是当前世界养猪业中最主要的细菌性病原体之一,感染后临床表现以格拉泽病为典型特征,严重威胁着猪群健康,应用层面的防治工作仍存在很多问题。近年来,该细菌毒力因子与宿主免疫应答等相关研究取得了很大进步,但基础层面宿主-病原互作的分子机制仍不清楚。基于不同猪对该细菌存在遗传抗性差异,随着猪基因组科学技术的飞速发展,越来越多的国内外学者正寄希望于分子抗病育种途径以从根本上解决细菌感染。为此,本文结合作者所在课题组的以往工作通过综述现有高通量数据初步提出了宿主免疫应答的分子模型,重点探讨巨噬细胞活化对细菌感染或宿主保护性免疫应答可能造成的影响,围绕其中关键的分子调控进行了较为深入的分析,旨在为将来发掘具有应用价值的候选基因素材/分子标记提供借鉴。最后,本综述就下一步相关工作的开展提出了几点思考。 相似文献
11.
基因在抗病育种中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在现代养殖生产中,疾病尤其是传染性疾病严重影响着畜禽的健康,分子生物学和基因工程技术的发展,使育种工作者开始将目光转向基因。本文着重对干扰素基因、NRAMP基因、SLA基因、FUT1基因做一综述,以期在抗病育种中有较大的应用。 相似文献
12.
There have been considerable recent advancements in animal breeding and genetics relevant to disease control in cattle, which can now be utilised as part of an overall programme for improved cattle health. This review summarises the contribution of genetic makeup to differences in resistance to many diseases affecting cattle. Significant genetic variation in susceptibility to disease does exist among cattle suggesting that genetic selection for improved resistance to disease will be fruitful. Deficiencies in accurately recorded data on individual animal susceptibility to disease are, however, currently hindering the inclusion of health and disease resistance traits in national breeding goals. Developments in 'omics' technologies, such as genomic selection, may help overcome some of the limitations of traditional breeding programmes and will be especially beneficial in breeding for lowly heritable disease traits that only manifest themselves following exposure to pathogens or environmental stressors in adulthood. However, access to large databases of phenotypes on health and disease will still be necessary. This review clearly shows that genetics make a significant contribution to the overall health and resistance to disease in cattle. Therefore, breeding programmes for improved animal health and disease resistance should be seen as an integral part of any overall national disease control strategy. 相似文献
13.
畜禽抗性分子育种研究进展 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
近年分子遗传的理论和技术进展迅速，为动物抗性育种的研究开拓了新的空间。本文就抗性遗传概念，抗性基因的来源、标记、选择、表达及转基因动物在抗性育种的应用前景做一简介。 相似文献
14.
Su‐Cheong YEOM Chung‐Gyu PARK Byeong‐Chun LEE Wang‐Jae LEE 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(2):158-164
Seoul National University (SNU) miniature pigs represent a closed colony with 24 founder pigs and a well preserved pedigree. Characterization using mRNA sequence analysis was conducted for 6 swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) loci in parental or founder pigs, and 17 defined alleles were detected. Based on these complete coding sequences, 17 sequence specific primers (SSPs) were designed for polymorphic sites. To validate the specificity of each allele SSP, the PCR‐SSP was conducted with defined allele clones as templates. PCR‐SSP was conducted with the hot start polymerase and touch‐down PCR. The parental or found SNU miniature pigs showed overall SLA class I and II heterozygotes. Using the established PCR‐SSP method, we conducted SLA typing for breeding stock including 2 pedigreed pigs and identified the novel SLA class II homozygote haplotye (DRA*0201, DRB1*0403, DQA*0102 and DQB1*0701) and 2 SLA homozygote pig lines: SLA class I Hp‐3.0 and class II Hp‐0.3, and SLA class I Hp‐2.0 and class II Hp‐0.2. We thought that our PCR‐SSP SLA typing method could be applicable for new SLA homozygote line establishment by assignment and scheduled breeding. 相似文献
15.
Breed and swine lymphocyte antigen haplotype differences in agglutination titers following vaccination with B. bronchiseptica 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
M F Rothschild H L Chen L L Christian W R Lie L Venier M Cooper C Briggs C M Warner 《Journal of animal science》1984,59(3):643-649
Genetic differences in immune response to B. bronchiseptica after vaccination with a commercial B. bronchiseptica bacterin were investigated in 1,069 8-wk-old pigs. These pigs were from 65 litters born in the spring and 66 litters born in the fall of 1982 and were purebreds from the Chester White (n = 128), Duroc (n = 281), Hampshire (n = 143), Landrace (n = 309) and Yorkshire (n = 208) breeds. Each litter was raised separately. Individual pigs were vaccinated im at 4 and 6 wk of age with 2 ml of B. bronchiseptica bacterin. At 8 wk of age, 8 ml of blood were collected from each animal and serum prepared to determine agglutinating antibody titers against B. bronchiseptica bacterin by a bacterial agglutination method. In addition, lymphocytes were separated from 1 ml of heparinized blood and used to determine Swine Lymphocyte Antigen (SLA) haplotypes by using cytotoxic antibodies against the SLA complex. Antisera for 3 SLA haplotypes were made available by the National Institutes of Health. Results indicated that breed of pig (P less than .01) and dam of pig (P less than .01) affected the immune response of the pig after B. bronchiseptica vaccination. Higher immune response was also associated (P less than .05) with one of the SLA haplotypes tested. Heritability estimates for immune response following vaccination were .10 +/- .12 (half-sib) and .42 +/- .19 (full-sib). Results suggest that the relationship of the SLA complex to immune response in the pig and nonadditive genetic and maternal effects on immune response should be further investigated. 相似文献
16.
Mastitis is a problem in the sheep industry, and its incidence varies widely with how it is recorded, the breed of sheep and the farm. Virtually all the published information about the genetics of mastitis refers to dairy breeds of cattle and sheep, and there is little information for meat sheep breeds. Many dairy breeding programmes worldwide use the somatic cell count (scc) in milk as an indicator of resistance to clinical and subclinical mastitis, but it is difficult to measure in meat sheep breeds. Molecular genetic technologies may therefore be a more practical way to assess susceptibility to mastitis. This paper reviews the genetics of mastitis and considers the opportunities for breeding for resistance to mastitis, with particular reference to sheep. In addition, to investigate the potential economic effects of mastitis in a purebred sheep population, a computer model of flock dynamics was developed. By making a modest set of assumptions about the key farm parameters that influence lowland sheep production, the model showed that breeding for resistance (or other control methods), if it could reduce the risk of contracting mastitis by 10 per cent, would be worth pounds 8.40 per ewe, equivalent annually to pounds 2.7 million for the purebred sector of the Texel breed alone. 相似文献
17.
Addie DD Kennedy LJ Ryvar R Willoughby K Gaskell RM Ollier WE Nart P Radford AD 《Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery》2004,6(2):59-62
There are four outcomes to feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection: the development of feline infectious peritonitis (FIP, which is immune-mediated), subclinical infection, development of healthy lifelong carriers and a small minority of cats who resist infection (Addie and Jarrett, Veterinary Record 148 (2001) 649). Examination of the FCoV genome has shown that the same strain of virus can produce different clinical manifestations, suggesting that host genetic factors may also play a role in the outcome of infection. FIP is most prevalent amongst pedigree cats, although how much of this is due to them living in large groups (leading to higher virus challenge and stress which predisposes to FIP) and how much is due to genetic susceptibility is not known. If host genetics could be shown to play a role in disease, it may allow the detection of cats with a susceptibility to FIP and the development of increased population resistance through selective breeding. The feline leucocyte antigen (FLA) complex contains many genes that are central to the control of the immune response. In this preliminary study, we used clonal sequence analysis or reference strand conformational analysis (RSCA) to analyse the class II FLA-DRB of 25 cats for which the outcome of FCoV exposure was known. Individual cats were shown to have between two and six FLA-DRB alleles. There was no statistically significant association between the number of alleles and the outcome of FCoV infection. No particular allele appeared to be associated with either the development of FIP, resistance to FCoV, or the carrier status. However, the analysis was complicated by apparent breed variation in FLA-DRB and the small number of individuals in this study. 相似文献
18.
Besides their breeding value, swine are increasingly used as biomedical models. As reported in three international swine clusters of differentiation (CD) workshops and in the animal homologue section of the last workshop for the determination of human leukocyte differentiation antigens (HLDA 8), characterisation of leukocyte surface antigens by monoclonal antibodies and other molecular studies have determined the cell lineages and blood leukocyte subsets implicated in the immune response, including cell adhesion molecules involved in cell trafficking. This review focusses on the current state of knowledge of porcine leukocyte differentiation and major histocompatibility complex (SLA) molecules. Examples of porcine particularities such as the double-positive T lymphocytes with the phenotype CD(4+)CD8(low) and CD(4-)CD8(low) alphabeta T cell subsets and the persistence of SLA class II after T-lymphocyte activation are illustrated, as well as the shared characteristics of the Artiodactyla group, such as the high proportion of gammadelta TcR (T cell receptor) T cells in blood and other lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, discrepancies between swine and humans, such as CD16 expression on dendritic cells and CD11b (wCD11R1) tissue distribution are outlined. The rapidly growing information should facilitate manipulation of the swine immune system towards improving disease control, and open new avenues for biomedical research using the pig as a model. 相似文献
19.
The inbred SLA miniature pig is a unique animal model developed for organ transplantation studies and pre‐clinical experimental purposes. Reported oestrous synchronization and superovulation treatments were examined in two SLA haplotypes (AA and DD) to allow collection of embryos for both practical embryo transfer and experimental technologies from a closed breeding colony. Pre‐puberal miniature pigs were poor responders to oestrous synchronization treatments, while post‐puberal sows were equivalent to commercial sows. Following superovulation, the ovulation number (corpora .hemorrhagica) was higher (p < 0.05) in the cycling sows when compared with non‐cycling sows. Ovulations were equivalent to commercial pre‐puberal gilts and non‐cycling sows (p > 0.05). No difference in ovulation number between haplotypes was observed, which differs from the previous report (DD>AA). Collection of zygotes for pronuclear injection was the highest in the non‐cycling post‐puberal miniature pig group (p < 0.05), although significantly lower when compared with the commercial pig treatment groups (p < 0.05). The incidence of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in our colony was equivalent to rates observed in commercial pigs. Pronuclear visualization following centrifugation was the highest in the non‐cycling miniature sow group and approximates to about 25% of ovulations and about half the rate observed in the commercial pigs (50%). Miniature pig embryos transferred between SLA haplotypes and transfer of DD embryos to commercial pigs resulted in live births at a higher efficiency than previously reported. This study demonstrates the feasibility of undertaking assisted reproductive technologies in a closed breeding colony of inbred SLA miniature pigs without compromise to the breeding programmes. 相似文献