共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
The gray line-profile method is introduced to find fabric density. Some patterned fabrics like stripe design as well as solid
fabrics of basic weave structures are used to verify the efficiency and accuracy of the method. The approach is compared with
Fourier transform method. Although the gray line-profile method is concise, it shows good results in both solid and patterned
fabrics. In addition, it does not require a pre-processing or filtering technique in space or frequency domain to enhance
the image suitable for the analysis. However, the approach is slightly influenced by the filter size for finding the local
minimums of profile graph. 相似文献
2.
In this study, the tensile strength and elongation of polyester/viscose blended needle-punched nonwovens were analyzed. For this purpose, five different blend ratios of polyester/viscose webs were produced, cross-lapped and needled in four different mass per unit areas and three different needling/punching densities. The tensile properties of the nonwovens were determined by performing the standard test methods and the data obtained from tests were statistically analyzed in Design Expert software. In addition, a mixture process crossed regression model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (fabric mass per unit area and needling density) was developed to analyze the tensile strength and elongation of polyester/viscose blended needled nonwovens. In conclusion, the regression model indicated that the tensile strength of the needle-punched nonwovens decreases with the increase of polyester proportion in the mixture and increases with the increase in mass per unit area and punching density. 相似文献
3.
Ying Shen Sainan Xia Pengfei Yao R. Hugh Gong Qingsheng Liu Bingyao Deng 《Fibers and Polymers》2017,18(8):1568-1579
Two kinds of composite filter materials were prepared by regulating the structure of melt-electrospinning polypropylene (PP) webs. The self-designed multi-nozzle melt-electrospinning device was used to produce PP webs which deposited on PP spunbonded nonwoven. Firstly, the composite filter materials with different thickness and ratios of coarse/fine fibers were prepared, and the effect of the thickness and the ratio of coarse/fine fibers on filtration properties were studied. The results showed that the filtration efficiency and pressure drop increased as thickness increased. In addition, compared with the general filters which were composed of coarse or fine fibers, the filters with coarse/fine fibers had “low pressure drop” under the similar filtration efficiency. In the case of the ratio of coarse/fine fiber about 2:2, this filter achieved optimal performance. When the thickness was 0.42 mm, its filtration efficiency for particles more than or equal to 2.0 μm could reach more than 95 %. Its pressure drop and air permeability were 18.13 Pa and 54.69 mm/s, respectively, while those of general filter were 38.67 Pa and 10.02 mm/s, respectively. After that, the composite filter materials composed of various angles of oriented webs were produced. The results showed that the filtration efficiency for particles with the size of more than or equal to 2.0 μm was higher than that of filters composed of one angle of oriented webs. In addition, the lower the orientation was, the lower the pressure drop was. 相似文献
4.
Nowadays, the use of nonwovens as absorbent products is increasing. One of the most important methods for the nonwoven production
is spunlace. This research evaluates the effect of spunlace nonwoven structures in wicking, water retention, water vapor permeability
and porosity structural parameter of nonwoven. Carded webs from polyester fibers and viscous fibers of four different basis
weights (35, 40, 45, and 50 g/m2) were hydroentangled using three different water jet pressures (50, 60, and 70 bar). To study the effect of these variables
on the structure of nonwovens and absorbency related properties, sample’s characteristics such as thickness and mass density
were measured. An electrical resistance technique was used to study the liquid penetration into nonwovens. The results showed
that with increasing water jet pressure, mass density increased and other parameters like thickness, water retention, water
vapor permeability and capillary pore size decreased. Also, it was observed with increasing basis weight, the sample thickness
increased. On the other hand, with increasing weight, the amount of water retention, water vapor permeability and porosity
structural parameter of nonwoven were reduced. The wicking characteristic of nonwovens using the least jet pressure and weight
was the best of all the samples. 相似文献
5.
Kwang Seok Lee Seok Won Lee Jae Ryoun Youn Tae Jin Kang Kwansoo Chung 《Fibers and Polymers》2001,2(1):41-50
To determine three-dimensional fiber orientation states in injection-molded short fiber composites a CLSM (Confocal Laser
Scanning Microscope) is used. Since the CLSM optically sections the composites, more than two cross-sections either on or
below the surface of the composite can be obtained. Three dimensional fiber orientation states can be determined with geometric
parameters of fibers on two parallel cross-sections. For experiment, carbon fiber reinforced polystyrene is examined by the
CLSM. Geometric parameters of fibers are measured by image analysis. In order to compactly describe fiber orientation states,
orientation tensors are used. Orientation tensors are determined at different positions of the prepared specimen. Three dimensional
orientation states are obtained without the difficulty in determining the out-of-plane angles by utilizing images on two parallel
planes acquired by the CLSM. Orientation states are different at different positions and show the shell-core structure along
the thickness of the specimen. 相似文献
6.
7.
In this study, micro-porous carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) nonwovens were prepared by carboxymethylation of cellulose nonwovens
produced by a wet-laid process and their properties were investigated for potential applications as adhesion prevention barriers.
After carboxymethylation, the thickness and mean pore size of the cellulose nonwovens were increased, whereas their pore size
distribution became narrower. Tensile strength of cellulose nonwovens was proportional to basis weight, and dramatically increased
after carboxymethylation. CMC nonwovens immediately absorbed a phosphate buffered saline solution and showed swollen phase
within 1 min. It was found that the thickness and pore size distribution of CMC nonwovens could be easily controlled by the
wet-laid process. It is expected that the CMC nonwovens can be used as adhesion prevention barriers. 相似文献
8.
This study aims to develop the new Hanji paper composite nonwovens that positively affect the antimicrobial activity, deodorization, and comfort functionality of natural materials of cotton and rayon that have high consumer preference and to manufacture new sanitary goods and facial mask sheets utilizing the hydroentanglement process. The results of the study through the evaluation analysis of functionality and properties of the composite nonwovens developed in this study are as follows. The manufactured composite nonwovens have improved functionalities of absorption velocity, antimicrobial activity, and deodorization from the base materials of C45 (Cotton (45 g/m2)) and R53 (Rayon/PET (53 g/m2)). Also, physical properties such as tensile strength, breaking extension, and tearing strength have improved significantly. The texture of composite nonwovens of Mulberry 70 %/Pulp 30 %(15) of Hanji paper weight 15 g/m2 with base material did not show a significant difference compared to the nonwovens of C45 and R53. However, the soft texture of composite nonwovens of Mulberry 70 %/Pulp 30 %(25) of Hanji paper weight 25 g/m2 with base material showed somewhat of a decrease compared to the nonwovens of C45 and R53. When considering the marketability, the composite nonwovens of Mulberry 70 %/Pulp 30 %+C45 and Mulberry 70 %/Pulp 30 %+R53 were estimated to be a positive development for use in female sanitary products and facial mask sheet products. These newly developed Hanji composite nonwovens could contribute to the development of high value added products that would satisfy the consumers. 相似文献
9.
Omid Saligheh Reza Eslami-Farsani Ramin Khajavi Mahdi Forouharshad 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(11):1864-1869
In this study, the effect of processing parameters such as temperature, pressure, time of compaction process and areal density on high-velocity impact behaviour of high performance polyethylene fibre cross-ply composites were investigated by Taguchi method. Samples were made through high temperature and pressure compacting process and morphology and interlayer adhesive of samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy “SEM and T-peel test, repectively. Taguchi method was used to plan a minimum number of experiments. Statistical analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), was also employed to determine the relationship between experimental conditions and yield levels. ANOVA was applied to calculate sum of square, variance, ratio of factors variance to error variance and contribution percentage of each factors on response. A hemispherical tip type projectile was used for high velocity impact tests and the depth of trauma as the response factor was measured after impacting test. Results showed that when the temperature, pressure, and time of compacting process were 125 °C, 3 MPa, and 30 min for the composite sample with 7.4 kg/m2 areal density, the trauma depth was decreased to its lowest value. 相似文献
10.
Ming-Shien Yen Mu-Cheng Kuo Jyh-Hong Wu Cheng-Wei Yeh Wei-Yu Lai 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(9):1432-1439
A series of hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes and prepared via the sol-gel process is synthesized from aluminum isopropoxide (AIP) and tetraethoxysilane using heteroaryl 2-amino-thiazole azo dyes. Heterocyclic 2-amino-thiazole azo dyes undergo a hydrolysis-condensation reaction with an appropriate proportion of AIP under a catalyst, at a constant ratio of vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). The structures of these hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes are characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis. The surface morphology of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabrics is evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images show uniform dyeing of the PET fabrics that confirms the reaction of the hybrid materials with the PET fabrics. The water contact angle, washing fastness, color evenness, air permeability, and warmth retention of the PET fabrics dyed with hybrid materials composed of boehmite/silica/thiazole dyes are evaluated. The evaluation results indicate improved warmth retention property and good water repellency. 相似文献
11.
Ali Afzal Tanveer Hussain Mumtaz Hassan Malik Abher Rasheed Sheraz Ahmad Abdul Basit Ahsan Nazir 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(7):1539-1547
The aim of this study was to analyze and model the effect of knitting parameters on the air permeability of Cotton/Polyester double layer interlock knitted fabrics. Fabric samples of areal densities ranging from 315–488 g/m2 were knitted using yarns of three different cotton/polyester blends, each of two different linear densities by systematically varying knitting loop lengths for achieving different cover factors. It was found that by changing the polyester content in the inner and outer fabric layer from 52 to 65 % in the double layer knitted fabric did not have statistically significant effect on the fabric air permeability. Air permeability sharply increased with increase in knitting loop length owing to decrease in fabric areal density. Decrease in yarn linear density (tex) resulted in increase in air permeability due to decrease in areal density as well as the fabric thickness. It was concluded that response surface regression modeling could adequately model the effect of knitting parameters on the double layer knitted fabric air permeability. The model was validated by unseen data set and it was found that the actual and predicted values were in good agreement with each other with less than 10 % absolute error. Sensitivity analysis was also performed to find out the relative contribution of each input parameter on the air permeability of the double layer interlock knitted fabrics. 相似文献
12.
Bekir Yıldırım 《Fibers and Polymers》2013,14(10):1739-1747
The gray line profile method is widely used for detecting the boundaries between yarns in woven fabric surface images. One lack of the approach is the absence of generally accepted filtering method to eliminate minimum values which do not correspond to the yarn boundaries. Aim of this research is to propose a method which automatically determines the filter size for sliding filters so as to detect the true local minimum points those correspond to the boundary positions of weft and warp yarns. The method is tested with real fabric images. Experimental findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. 相似文献
13.
14.
This study focused on the fabrication and acoustic property evaluation of sandwich cover-ply-reinforced highresilience thermal-bonding nonwoven hybrid composites. P-phenyleneterephthalamides and bicomponent high-resilience bonding polyester intra-ply hybrid nonwoven fabrics were compounded with glass plain fabric to produce the high strength sandwich structural cover ply by means of needle punching and thermal bonding to reinforce the whole composites and dissipate energy when being impacted. Then, the acoustic absorption properties of the homogenous intra-ply hybrid meshwork layer were investigated before and after being reinforced with the aforementioned cover ply. The influencing factors, including areal density, fiber blending ratio, needle punching depth, and air cavity thickness between back plate of the impedance tube and composites, were comparatively investigated. Results revealed that hybrid composites exhibited exceedingly high acoustic absorption properties. Acoustic absorption coefficients were promoted with increases in areal densities and fiber blending ratio of 3D crimped hollow polyester, particularly at low-mid frequency range. In addition, needle punching depths and back air cavity thicknesses considerably affected the average absorption coefficients. The meshwork center layer reinforced with sandwich structural cover-ply perform high resilience properties. 相似文献
15.
An efficient, simple and facile process, i.e., suspension grafting polymerization combined with melt-blown technique, was employed to synthesize Polypropylene-g-(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) nonwoven fabrics [PP-g-(AA-co-AM) nonwovens]. In this study, the grafting mechanism and the effect of synthesis parameters on grafting percentage (GP) were investigated. The as-synthesized products were characterized by melt flow rate (MFR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), water contact angle (WCA) and thermalgravimetric analysis (TGA). Besides, the uptake properties of metal ions (i.e., Ba2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Ca2+) on the PP-g-(AA-co-AM) nonwovens in dynamic condition were studied. Results of FTIR showed that AA and AM were successfully grafted onto the PP surface. The decrease in WCAs of the grafted nonwovens with the increasing GP indicated that (AA-co-AM) side chains existed as the hydrophilic component. TGA results revealed that no significant change in thermal stability was found in grafted PP samples. The synthesis experiments showed that the highest GP was obtained at grafting time 3 h, water 3 ml/g, xylene 15 wt%, benzoyl peroxide 0.5 wt%, AA, AM 30 wt% and AA: AM 1:1, with a GP of 16.7 %, and a grafting efficiency of 67 %. However, MFR measurement and SEM image demonstrated that PP-g-(AA-co-AM) nonwovens with the highest GP showed almost no mechanical strength existed between filaments resulting in the occurrence of deformation and contraction of nonwovens, and breaking up into small pieces. Comprehensively, the optimal GP was 8.7 %, and the corresponding PP-g-(AA-co-AM) nonwovens exhibited higher metal ions uptake capacity than pristine PP nonwovens in the dynamic adsorption process. 相似文献
16.
An objective evaluation method for woven fabric pilling has been developed using image processing and statistical analysis. Five ASTM photographic standard images were analyzed to determine a characterization method for fabric pilling. Images were filtered by various image analysis techniques such as fast Fourier transformation (FFT) and fast wavelet transformation (FWT). Three parameters including the number of pills, the total pixel area of pilling, and the sum of the gray values of pill images have been defined and extracted automatically from the images. Finally, the relationship between pilling grade and those parameters has been established by a series of statistical analyses. 相似文献
17.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/Ag-zeolite nanofiber webs were prepared with different concentrations of Ag-zeolite nanoparticles
by the electrospinning technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), transmission
electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential
scanning calorimetry (DSC), Instron, and antibacterial activities analysis were utilized to characterize the morphology and
properties of the PVA/Ag-zeolite nanofiber webs. The study results showed that the polymer concentration, applied voltages
and tip-to-collector distances were the main factors influencing the morphology of the electrospun nanofiber webs. The introduction
of Ag-zeolite nanoparticles improved the mechanical properties and thermal stability of the PVA nanofiber webs. TEM data demonstrated
that the Ag-zeolite nanoparticles were well distributed within the nanofiber. FTIR revealed a possible interaction between
the PVA matrix and the Ag-zeolite nanoparticles. These fibers showed an antibacterial efficacy of 99.8 % and over against
Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae at Ag-zeolite concentrations of 1 % and over, because of the presence of the
silver nanoparticles in the zeolite. 相似文献
18.
测定豆腐产量微量方法的研究 总被引：2，自引：3，他引：2
本文的豆腐产量微量测定方法是在单株或单粒的基础上测定豆腐产量，试验处理的样品用量分别为１粒，２粒，４粒，６粒，８粒和１０粒种子，用以制务和测定干，湿豆腐产量，以常规方法作为对照。 相似文献
19.
This paper explains a study conducted to evaluate mechanical properties of woven structures of basalt. The mechanical properties like shear strength and tensile strength were studied. Tensile properties of basalt hybrid and non-hybrid fabrics are predicted by computational tool and verified with experimental data. The shear strength was investigated by using picture frame fixture. The tests were recorded by a CCD monochrome camera during displacement of specimen at various positions. The images were used for image analysis program developed in MATLAB. The results of image analysis were compared with the actual experimental results. The results illustrate that the mechanical properties of fabrics experience a marked improvement when hybridization of basalt with polyester and polypropylene in different sets of weaves takes place. These findings are important requirements for using such fabrics for high-tech applications and composite forming. 相似文献
20.
A methodology for the objective evaluation of water repellency is studied using image analysis of the sprayed pattern on woven
fabrics according to a standard spray test (AATCC Test Method 22-2001). The wet area ratio obtained from the spray standard
test ranking is found to be exponentially related with its water repellency rating. Mean filtering is used to remove the effect
of weave texture and the transmitted light through interyarn spaces. The ring frame of the instrument and wet region are recognized
using Otsu thresholding technique. And Hough transform and outline operation are used to obtain the size and position of the
ring frame. The objective assessment of the water repellency using image processing can reduce unnecessary confusion in the
subjective determination of the water repellency. 相似文献