首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
叶面施硒对甜柿果实品质及重金属含量的影响   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  
 以‘阳丰’、‘兴津20’和‘次郎’甜柿为试材,分别用0、50、100、150、200 mg · L-1 浓 度的亚硒酸钠进行叶面喷施,研究硒和重金属镉、铅、汞在甜柿机体内的积累情况以及硒对果实品质的 影响,探明硒对镉、铅和汞的互作效应,以期为叶面施硒改善甜柿果实品质提供理论依据。试验结果表 明：硒处理浓度以150 mg · L-1 为最佳;甜柿叶片和果实中的硒含量随施硒浓度的增大而增大;在0 ~ 150 mg · L-1 范围内随着外源硒浓度的增大,叶片和果实中的镉、铅、汞含量下降,果实中可溶性糖、维生素 C 和可溶性固形物含量上升,可滴定酸含量下降;施硒浓度达到200 mg · L-1,叶片和果实中重金属含量 上升,果实品质下降;叶面喷硒可明显抑制3 种甜柿品种中镉、铅、汞的含量,并且对‘兴津20’的镉、 汞含量的抑制幅度最大,对‘次郎’中的铅含量抑制幅度最大。‘兴津20’综合表现优于‘次郎’和‘阳 丰’。  相似文献   

2.
Sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) is a fruit of increasing economic importance though it is less significant than other stone fruit species such as peach. Cherry has received little attention concerning nitrogen (N) uptake and dynamics in mature trees. The aim of this work was to determine N uptake and partitioning as influenced by the timing of fertilizer application in 7-year-old sweet cherry trees cultivated in a cold region (Los Antiguos, Santa Cruz, Argentina; 71°38′ W, 46°32′ S). Nitrogen (95 kg ha−1) was applied as ammonium nitrate to a soil with ‘Bing’ sweet cherry trees grafted onto Prunusmahaleb rootstocks. Fertilization was split into two equal applications per treatment, involving either the commercial fertilizer ammonium nitrate or the same fertilizer labelled with 15N isotope (10% atom.). Treatments consisted of one early spring (full bloom, October 2005) or one summer (late January 2006, 15 days after harvest) application of 15N ammonium nitrate to three replicate trees. Fruit were harvested in early January and leaves were collected at both full canopy and leaf fall. All trees were excavated in winter (August, 2006). Trees were partitioned into their components: trunk, branches (current-season shoots, 1-year-old and over-1-year-old branches), buds of the same age, small roots (less than 1 mm thick), large roots, leaves (sampled in February and April), and fruit (collected at harvest). Those components were dried and analysed for total N and 15N content. Total N per tree and N content derived from the fertilizer did not differ between treatments. Summer postharvest 15N application partitioned not only to structural components (trunk and roots) but also to buds and leaves. Uptake efficiency was significantly (p = 0.0113) higher in the spring than in the summer application (65.7% vs. 37.44%). Nevertheless, 52.5% of N applied in spring was lost due to harvest and summer pruning. This emphasizes the importance of the postharvest N fertilization which increases N accumulation in both reserve organs and buds though, according to our data, it is less efficiently used. The extent of nitrogen uptake, efficiency of use and partitioning in the following growing seasons are still open questions that deserve further research.  相似文献   

3.
Leaf area estimation is an important biometrical observation one has to do for comparing plant growth in field and pot experiments. In this study, a leaf area estimation model was developed for ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), using linear measurements of leaf length (L) and maximum width (W). Leaves from five ginger varieties (Varada, Rejatha, Mahima, Maran and Himachal) were used to develop the model in 2006–2007. The actual leaf area (LA) was measured with a leaf area meter (LI-3100, LI-COR, Lincoln, NE, USA) and taken as reference LA. The linear measurements were used to build linear (LA = a + b × L × W) and power models (LA = α × (L × W)β) for each variety, as the modeling among variety were not different from each other, data for all five varieties have been pooled and compared with earlier models by graphical procedures and statistical criteria such as Mean Square Error (MSE), Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Chi-square (χ2). The selected model was validated during 2007–2008. The validation data set was used to produce a validation model for each variety by re-estimating the model parameters to develop the estimation model and the models were compared for consistency. The predicted LA (PLA) was compared with observed LA (OLA) by graphical procedures and lack of agreement was evaluated by calculating the relative bias, estimated by the mean of differences (d) and the standard deviation (SD) of the differences. Normality test was carried out by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs) and residuals were normally distributed. Finally, the proposed model for leaf area estimation of ginger is LA = −0.0146 + 0.6621 × L × W, R2 = 0.997. This model can be reliably used for estimating leaf area of ginger non-destructively. The same equation can be extrapolated to all varieties and land races of ginger as it is vegetatively propagated crop with narrow genetic variability.  相似文献   

4.
The effect of combined applications of micronutrient cations in spray solutions, usually used to correct simultaneously nutritional disorders and fungal diseases, was investigated, especially regarding absorption of Zn at the surface of sweet orange leaves. Foliar application of 0.0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2% CuSO4 solutions, neutralized with Ca(OH)2, in combination with 0.15 and 0.45% 65ZnSO4 solutions caused a significant and marked decrease in the absorption of 65Zn. Application of unneutralized solutions of 0-0.8% CuSO4 in combination with 0-0.6% of ZnSO4· 7 H2O showed mutual antagonism between Cu and Zn for their absorption at the leaf surfaces. Similarly, the absorption of 65Zn in leaves decreased from 53 to 26% with simultaneous application of 0–2% MnSO4 solutions and 0.45% 65ZnSO4 solutions neutralized with Ca(OH)2. This emanated from the mutual antagonism between the two for their absorption at the surface of leaves. The absorption of 65Zn decreased from 53 to 31% with foliar application of 0–2% FeSO4 in combination with 0.45% 65ZnSO4 solution neutralized with lime. Again, Fe and Zn each inhibited the absorption of the other at the leaf surface.  相似文献   

5.
The present study was carried out to improve fruit set, yield, quality, marketability, and exportability of ‘Washington’ Navel orange. Pre-harvest foliar sprays of GA3, K, and Ca, either alone or combined, were applied at full bloom. The following treatments were applied: {control (T1), 25 mg/L GA3 (T2), 2% K2SO4 (T3), 25 mg/L GA3 + 2% K2SO4 (T4), 25 mg/L GA3 + 2% Ca Cl2 (T5), 2% K2SO4 + 2% Ca Cl2 (T6), and 25 mg/L GA3 + 2% K2SO4 + 2% Ca Cl2 (T7). All treatments improved fruit set, yield, physical and chemical characteristics, mineral content of leaves and fruit rind, and the percentage of exportable fruit in comparison to the control. Fruit set, fruit detachment force, peel firmness, and the mineral content of leaves and fruit rind were enhanced significantly with the combination of GA3 + K2SO4 + Ca Cl2 (T7) in comparison to all other treatments and the control. Results indicated that all foliar combination treatments improved fruit quality and marketability, and increased the percentage of exportable fruit and reduced the defects of non-exportable fruit.  相似文献   

6.
A conversion period of at least two years is required for annual crops before produce may be certified as organically grown. There is a need for better understanding of the various management options for implementing from conventional to organic production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three organic amendments on growth and yield of bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), the benefit:cost ratio, soil fertility and enzymatic activities during conversion to organic production. For that purpose six treatments were established: composted farmyard manure (FYMC, T1); vermicompost (VC, T2); poultry manure (PM, T3) along with biofertilizers (BF) [Azotobacter + phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas striata)] and mix of three amendments (FYMC + PM + VC + BF, T4); integrated crop management (FYMC + NPK, T5) and unamended control (T6). The bell pepper yield under organic management was markedly lower (33–53% and 18–40% less in first and second year of conversion, respectively) than with the integrated crop management (FYMC 10 Mg ha−1 + NPK – 100:22:41.5 kg ha−1) treatment (T5). Combined application of three organic amendments (FYMC 10 Mg ha−1 + PM and VC each 1.5 Mg ha−1 + BF, T4) and T1 produced similar but significantly higher bell pepper yield (27.9 and 26.1 Mg ha−1, respectively) compared with other organic amendment treatments. Both T4 and T1 greatly lowered soil bulk density (1.15–1.17 Mg m−3), and enhanced soil pH (7.1) and oxidizable organic carbon (1.2–1.3%) compared with T5 and unamended control (T6) after a two-year transition period. However, the N, P and K levels were highest in the plots under integrated management. T1 plots showed higher dehydrogenase activity values. However, acid phosphatase and β-glucosidase activities were higher in T6 plots whereas urease activity was greater in T5 plots compared with other treatments. Among the treatments involving organic amendments alone, T1 gave a higher gross margin (US $ 8237.5 ha−1) than other treatments. We conclude that T1 was found more suitable for enhancing bell pepper growth and yield, through improved soil properties, during conversion to organic production.  相似文献   

7.
Field experiments were initiated in May 1999 and continued through 2002 to investigate the application of municipal solid waste (MSW) compost and fertilizers to lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait.) fields. Three sites were selected: Debert, N.S. (Truro sandy loam) and two sites near Musquodoboit, N.S. (both Rawdon gravely loamy sands). Treatments at each site were in a randomized complete block design with six treatments (control [no fertilizer], NK fertilizer, NPK fertilizer, and three rates of MSW compost) blocked four times. Compost treatments provided the equivalent of 100, 200 and 400 kg ha−1 of total N. The experimental objectives were to evaluate soil and plant response to the compost and to determine whether it could be used as an alternative to the traditional chemical fertilizers. Yield, soil fertility, and leaf and fruit nutrients were examined following the four years of treatment applications. The MSW compost had a significant effect on pH and soil extractable levels of P, K and Ca, and influenced N and K levels in leaf samples. Fruit yield and nutrient content, except for Mn, were not affected by the treatments. In general, the compost treatments provided equivalent amounts of plant essential nutrients without negatively influencing trace element absorption.  相似文献   

8.
There is little available information on the effects of temperature and CO2 enrichment on stomata anatomical characteristics of plants. Effect of these two microclimates was studied on five rose (Rosa spp.) cultivars, viz. ‘First Red’ (used as check), ‘Arjun’, ‘Raktima’, ‘Raktagandha’ and ‘Pusa Pitamber’. Budded, single-stemmed rose cultivars having five lateral buds were grown in controlled environment growth cabinets under enriched CO2 (1000 μmol mol−1) and optimum (28/18 °C, T0) or high (35/25 °C, T1) temperature for 50 days. All observations were made on the abaxial leaf surface. Significant increases in stomatal density (68.7%), index (29.6%) and epidermal cell density (37.3%) were recorded in plants grown at high temperature over control with CO2 enrichment. The cultivars responded differently in terms of length and width of guard cell and stoma (pore) under high temperature, however, the values averaged over treatments showed a significant reduction in these parameters. Further, number of stomata per leaf was higher (28.3%) in plants grown at high temperature, except First Red. A reduction in mean leaf area (26.7%) and dry mass (32.0%) was recorded at high rather than optimum temperature. The specific leaf area was maximum in Arjun (87%) while in First Red, a 14% reduction was noted at high temperature.  相似文献   

9.
This paper analyses the effect of different air temperatures (10, 20 and 30 °C) on the response of sweet pepper plants (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Herminio) to foliar urea applications after growing plants for 20 day with and without nitrogen (N) applied to the growing substrate. Leaf CO2 assimilation, chlorophyll fluorescence, root respiration, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes were analysed. Spraying plants with urea increased leaf CO2 assimilation of N-deficient plants when applied at 20 or 30 °C, compared with non-sprayed plants. When plants were sprayed with urea at 10 °C chlorophyll fluorescence of leaves was similar to that of plants that were supplied with full N in the nutrient solution. Root respiration was not affected by urea sprays whilst leaf NO3− concentration was increased by urea but only when it was sprayed at 10 or 20 °C. Lipid peroxidation and ascorbate peroxidase in N-deficient plants were reduced significantly by urea sprays, especially when plants were sprayed at 20 °C with N-limitation in the growing substrate. This study shows that N-limitation in the growing substrate induces a temperature-dependant increase in the activities of antioxidant enzymes in leaves of pepper and applications of foliar urea can be optimised, when applied at the appropriate temperature, to partly replace the N supplied to the roots of sweet pepper.  相似文献   

10.
In order to establish a rational nitrogen (N) fertilisation and reduce groundwater contamination, a clearer understanding of the N distribution through the growing season and its dynamics inside the plant is crucial. In two successive years, a melon crop (Cucumis melo L. cv. Sancho) was grown under field conditions to determine the uptake of N fertiliser, applied by means of fertigation at different stages of plant growth, and to follow the translocation of N in the plant using 15N-labelled N. In 2006, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, labelled 15N fertiliser was supplied at the female-bloom stage and in the second, at the end of fruit ripening. Labelled 15N fertiliser was made from 15NH415NO3 (10 at.% 15N) and 9.6 kg N ha−1 were applied in each experiment over 6 days (1.6 kg N ha−1 d−1). In 2007, the 15N treatment consisted of applying 20.4 kg N ha−1 as 15NH415NO3 (10 at.% 15N) in the middle of fruit growth, over 6 days (3.4 kg N ha−1 d−1). In addition, 93 and 95 kg N ha−1 were supplied daily by fertigation as ammonium nitrate in 2006 and 2007, respectively. The results obtained in 2006 suggest that the uptake of N derived from labelled fertiliser by the above-ground parts of the plants was not affected by the time of fertiliser application. At the female-flowering and fruit-ripening stages, the N content derived from 15N-labelled fertiliser was close to 0.435 g m−2 (about 45% of the N applied), while in the middle of fruit growth it was 1.45 g m−2 (71% of the N applied). The N application time affected the amount of N derived from labelled fertiliser that was translocated to the fruits. When the N was supplied later, the N translocation was lower, ranging between 54% at female flowering and 32% at the end of fruit ripening. Approximately 85% of the N translocated came from the leaf when the N was applied at female flowering or in the middle of fruit growth. This value decreased to 72% when the 15N application was at the end of fruit ripening. The ammonium nitrate became available to the plant between 2 and 2.5 weeks after its application. Although the leaf N uptake varied during the crop cycle, the N absorption rate in the whole plant was linear, suggesting that the melon crop could be fertilised with constant daily N amounts until 2–3 weeks before the last harvest.  相似文献   

11.
In newly planted orchards, special attention must be paid to fertilization to build up the permanent structure of the trees so that high yield and fruit quality can be reached later on. Nitrogen (N) plays a major role in the fertilization plan, although few studies have assessed its use efficiency in young non-bearing trees, especially in field conditions. In this work, 1–3 years old ‘Rocha’ pear trees, grafted on quince BA29, were planted in a Mediterranean region, and fertigated with 6 g N tree−1 year−1 as ammonium nitrate with 5 at.% 15N enrichment to study the fertilizer N uptake during the vegetative cycle, the overall fertilizer N use efficiency at the end of each year, and the plant–soil N balance for this period. Nitrogen remobilization and the re-cycling of N from senescent leaves were also studied by fertilizing some pear trees with 10 at.% 15N enrichment.  相似文献   

12.
During 2003 and 2005, plant growth promoting effects of Pseudomonas BA-8 and Bacillus OSU-142 were tested alone or combinations on sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) cv. 0900 Ziraat in terms of yield, growth, nutrient composition of leaves in the province of Konya, Turkey. The presence of Pseudomonas BA-8, Bacillus OSU-142 and BA-8 + OSU-142 stimulated plant growth and resulted in significant yield increase. Floral and foliar applications of BA-8, OSU-142 and BA-8 + OSU-142 in sweet cherry significantly increased yield per trunk cross-sectional area (16.3, 10.9 and 21.7%), fruit weight (4.15, 5.37 and 1.24%) and shoot length (11.3, 11.8 and 29.6%), respectively, compared with the control. In addition, N, P and K contents of sweet cherry leaves with BA-8, OSU-142 and BA-8 + OSU-142 treatments, Fe and Zn contents of leaves with BA-8 + OSU-142 treatment and Mn content of the leaves of sweet cherry with BA-8 and OSU-142 applications significantly increased. Nitrogen, P and K contents in leaves were determined to be increased from 2.00, 0.17 and 0.43% in the control to 2.19, 0.20 and 0.54% by BA-8 application, to 2.32, 0.24 and 0.54% by OSU-142 application and to 2.43, 0.22 and 0.51% by BA-8 + OSU-142 application, respectively. Co-inoculation of BA-8 + OSU-142 increased Fe and Zn contents of leaves up to 50.5 and 35.5% compared with the control, respectively. Manganese content of leaves significantly also increased by BA-8 (26.6%) and OSU-142 (27.0%) applications compared with the control. The results of the present study suggested that Pseudomonas BA-8 and Bacillus OSU-142 alone or in combination have a great potential to increase the yield, growth and nutrition of sweet cherry plant.  相似文献   

13.
An aquaponic system was designed to investigate effects of foliar applications of some micro- and macro-nutrients on tomato growth and yield in comparison with a hydroponic system. Common carp, grass carp and silver carp were stocked in the rearing tanks at 15, 20 and 15 fish m−3, respectively. The fish were fed three times daily with a pellet diet containing 46% protein. Fourteen days old tomatoes seedlings were transplanted on to growth bed units of aquaponic and hydroponic systems after stocking of carp fish for 2.5 months in the rearing tanks. Foliar nutrients application began 30 days after transplantation. Eight treatments were used, untreated control, foliar application at the rate of 250 mL plant−1 with 0.5 g L−1 K2SO4, MgSO4·7H2O, Fe-EDDHA, MnSO4·H2O, H3BO3, ZnCl2, and CuSO4·5H2O. Plants were sprayed twice a month. The results showed that biomass gains of tomatoes were higher in hydroponics as compared to aquaponics. Foliar application of K, Mg, Fe, Mn, and B increased vegetative growth of plants in the aquaponics. In the hydroponics, only Fe and B had positive effects on plant growth. Cluster number per plant in aquaponics was lower than in hydroponics treatments, but it increased with foliar application of elements. There was no difference in fruit number and yield between aquaponics and hydroponics grown plants in the control treatments. Except Cu, foliar spray of all elements significantly increased plant fruit number and yield in the aquaponics in order of: K > Fe > Mn > Zn > Mg > B. In the hydroponics, foliar application of K, Mg and Zn increased fruit number and yield of plants compared to control. These results indicated that foliar application of some elements can effectively alleviate nutrient deficiencies in tomatoes grown on aquaponics.  相似文献   

14.
Treatment of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with chlorocholine chloride (CCC) applied twice as a foliar spray 25 and 30 days after planting has shown to decrease shoot and stolon growth but increase tuber yield. However, the regulatory role of CCC on translocation of recently fixed photoassimilates into different parts of potato plants has not been fully illustrated. In this study, 14C-isotope labelling technique was used to estimate the photosynthetic capacity and photoassimilate partitioning among leaves, stems, roots + stolons, and tubers of potted potatoes treated with 1.5 g l−1 CCC. CCC treatment significantly increased tuber dry mass but reduced leaf dry mass. CCC-treated leaves had significantly higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and assimilated 22.0% more 14CO2 per leaf dry mass than the controls. Compared with the control, CCC treatment reduced the translocation of 14C-photoassimilates into leaves, stems and roots + stolons but increased that into tubers. CCC-treated leaves exported 14.6% more 14C-photoassimilates into other parts of the plants. In addition, CCC treatment reduced 14C-soluble sugar and 14C-starch accumulation in leaves and stems but enhanced them in tubers and roots + stolons. Collectively, the results indicate that CCC treatment significantly improves the photosynthetic capacity of potato leaves and promotes photoassimilates partitioning into tubers thereby enhancing tuber growth.  相似文献   

15.
闽研3 号是以k-48 为母本,以k-43 为父本选育而成的苦瓜一代杂种。坐果能力强,瓜呈长纺锤状,瓜皮绿色有光泽,瓜长28～37 cm,横径6～7 cm,肉厚0.8～1.1 cm,平均单瓜质量500 g。肉质甘脆微苦,品质好。每667 m2 产量2 500～3 000 kg,适合福建省及周边地区种植。  相似文献   

16.
Fertilizer recommendations for citrus production on heavier textured, calcareous soils increase with the age of the tree up to 168 kg N ha−1 year−1 from a soluble source in one or two applications. Such practices may be inefficient and could cause detrimental effects on fruit quality. A variety of fertilization practices are used in South Texas, and additional evaluation is needed. Rates and sources of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and a commercial program consisting of both a soil component containing organic acids and a foliar component were evaluated on grapefruit production for 6 years. Increasing rate of N application increased leaf nutrient concentration, grapefruit yield, and affected fruit shape as indicated by a decrease in the equatorial:polar diameter (E:P) ratio. Since the response to increasing N application by the E:P ratio was linear while grapefruit yield was quadratic, high N application has a negative effect on fruit shape beyond the level of increasing total yield. Phosphorus application had no effect on any parameter measured, even though soil testing indicated soil P levels were below those at which a P response would be expected. Comparisons between granular 21-0-0 applied broadcast and liquid N-32 injected in a band in the soil at the drip line showed an increase in the number of fruit per tree, but no differences in yield. The ‘Actagro’ program greatly improved available soil P levels and increased the juice brix:acidity ratio, but did not affect grapefruit yield. Phosphorus availability may therefore be a factor in improving grapefruit juice quality. The soil profile within the citrus root zone was found to contain large amounts of inorganic N, but availability of this residual N was limited since yield responses occurred at the N application rates applied in this study. The amount of N contained in the fruit harvested was a small fraction, roughly 5–10%, of the residual amount in the soil. While N uptake in the fruit increased with N fertilizer application, the increase in N taken up relative to the amount applied averaged 42%.  相似文献   

17.
The objective of the study was to determine the effect of foliar application of vermicompost leachates on growth, yield and quality of strawberry (Cv. Chandler). For this, three leachates collected from vermicomposting of cow dung (FCD), vegetable waste (FVW) and mixture of cow dung and vegetable waste in 1:2 ratio (FCVW) were used at 2 ml l−1 at monthly interval (total five sprays) in strawberry. The results indicated that foliar application of vermicompost leachates improved leaf area (10.1–18.9%), dry matter of plant (13.9–27.2%) and fruit yield (9.8–13.9%) significantly over control (water spray only). Foliar application of FCVW reduced albinism (from 12.1 to 5.7%), fruit malformation (11.2–8.5%) and grey mould (5.1–2.6%) thus improving marketable fruit yield (26.5% higher) with firmer fruits of better quality. The foliar application of FCD and FVW also improved these parameters and resulted in to higher marketable fruit yield (12.6 and 17.8% higher, respectively) compared to control. The study confirmed that leachates derived from composting processes have potential use as foliar fertilization for strawberry.  相似文献   

18.
津优308 号是以X8-24 为母本,以35-1-12-6 为父本配制而成的保护地黄瓜一代杂种。植株生长势强,叶片中等大小;抗霜霉病、枯萎病、角斑病,中抗白粉病;耐低温弱光性好,不早衰,持续坐果能力强;生长后期耐高温,在34～36 ℃条件下亦可正常结瓜。瓜条顺直,瓜把短,皮色深绿,光泽度好,刺密,瘤中等,商品性好;瓜条长34 cm 左右,单瓜质量220 g 左右,日光温室越冬栽培产量16 000 kg·（667 m2）-1 以上,早春大棚栽培产量可达7 000 kg·（667 m2）-1,适宜我国北方地区越冬温室和早春大棚栽培。  相似文献   

19.
Experiments were conducted to observe the effects of foliar application of gibberellic acid on vegetative growth, flowering, fruiting and various disorders in ‘Chandler’ strawberry. GA3 (75 ppm) was applied to the strawberry plants either during mid-November (at fruit bud differentiation stage), or mid-February (pre-flowering stage) or at both times. Fruit under control were sprayed with tap water only. Observations were recorded on vegetative attributes like crown height, crown spread, petiole length, leaf number, leaf area; flowering and fruit set, fruit size; production of albino, malformed and button berries, total yield and marketable fruit yield and quality parameters, like juice content, TSS, ascorbic acid contents, acidity etc. Results indicated that GA3 (75 ppm) spray either during mid-November or mid-February or at both times has favourably influenced all vegetative attributes of ‘Chandler’ strawberry over control. Similarly, fruit set was increased, and production of malformed and button berries was reduced, but albinism remained unaffected. Although individual berry weight was reduced slightly, but fruit number, total as well as marketable yield was increased tremendously over control with no adverse effect on fruit quality parameters. In all, spraying GA3 both during mid-November and mid-February was much more effective in achieving the desirable results than single application of GA3 either during mid-November or mid-February.  相似文献   

20.
Seasonal changes in leaf photosynthetic rate and partitioning of 13C taken up by leaves were compared in relation to the development of early watercore using susceptible ‘Orin’ and resistant ‘Fuji’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.). There was no difference between the cultivars in leaf photosynthetic rate from mid-July to mid-October. The extent of watercore in ‘Orin’ increased from mid-July and peaked in late-August, followed by a decrease through mid-October, while no watercore was detected during the experimental period in ‘Fuji’. Fruit fresh weight and soluble solids content (SSC) were higher in ‘Orin’ than ‘Fuji’ during the earlier stages. Leaf dry weight of ‘Orin’ was higher than that of ‘Fuji’ throughout the experimental period. Accumulation of dry matter in the fruit increased in both cultivars and ‘Orin’ kept significantly higher level than ‘Fuji’ from mid-July to mid-October. The amount of 13C distributed to ‘Orin’ fruit at 5 days after labeling was significantly higher than ‘Fuji’ in mid-July just before watercore started to occur. 13C taken up by ‘Orin’ fruit with prevalent watercore was also higher than ‘Fuji’ in late-August but the difference was not significant. In mid-October when early watercore was gradually reducing, 13C recovered by ‘Orin’ fruit decreased and was significantly lower than ‘Fuji’. The difference of partitioning pattern of 13C between the cultivars was associated with the susceptibility to early watercore as well as the changes in fruit growth and SSC. The seasonal changes in the amount of 13C distributed to ‘Orin’ fruit were also related to the fluctuations in watercore severity. The results suggest that active phloem transport might be the cause of early watercore in our previous work, which might be induced by the increased partitioning of assimilates to the fruit during summer in susceptible ‘Orin’ compared to resistant ‘Fuji’ and not by the higher potential of leaf photosynthesis.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号