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利用同质恢材料，选择具有广亲和基因的粳稻品种02428与之杂交，采用系谱法进行连续多代选择正常结实株，育成了偏籼型的广亲和同质恢复系T136、T137等。通过对当选材料的亲缘关系分析，利用籼型同质恢复材料（系）与粳型广亲和系杂交，可以将广亲和基因与恢复基因聚合于一体，从而选育出广杂和恢复系，为三系法籼粳亚种杂种优势利用探索出新的途径。 相似文献
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水稻粳型亲籼系的分子标记辅助育种 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分子标记辅助聚合育种是累加有利基因的有效手段。培育粳型亲籼系是有效克服水稻籼粳亚种间杂种不育性，从而利用水稻亚种间杂种优势的重要途径之一。本研究利用以PCR为基础的分子标记进行辅助选择，对不同粳型亲籼系中不同分化度的特异亲和基因进行了聚合，并将4个抗白叶枯病基因和来源于IR24的两个恢复基因导入粳型亲籼系中。主要结果如下：1、以粳型亲籼系G2417-2-1和粳型广亲和系G2605为亲本构建分离群体，利用本研究筛选的与S-b，S-c,S-d三个F1花粉不育基因座位紧密连锁的PCR标记进行辅助选择。在F2共选择到特异亲籼聚合植株6株，它们分别是58号，93号，94号，115号，139号，200号；广亲和聚合植株4株，它们分别是11号，14号，121号，177号。2、对当选聚合系的亲籼性和亲粳性综合分析表明：各个特异亲籼聚合系的亲粳性之间及各个广亲和聚合系的亲籼性之间都有显著差异。特异亲籼聚合系的平均亲籼性和平均亲粳性与亲本G2417-2-1相比都没有显著差异。广亲和聚合系的平均亲籼性高于亲本G2605，平均亲粳性显著低于亲本G2605。这些聚合系的亲和性与其MAS基因型相一致。3、利用四类粳型亲籼系与携带有2个恢复基因和4个抗白叶枯病基因的品系构建回交群体，应用本研究筛选的以PCR为基础的分子标记进行辅助选择。在BC1F1共选择到2个恢复基因和4个抗白叶枯病基因全杂合的植株19个，其中以IC31为受体的5株，以IC32为受体的11株，以IC33为受体的2株，以IC34为受体的1株。4、当选的19个单株自交繁殖BC1F2，利用与目标基因紧密连锁的单一分子标记进行MAS。共选择到各类可供进一步利用的材料393株，其中携带有两个纯合恢复基因的植株158株，同时携带有两个纯合恢复基因和两个纯合显性抗白叶枯病基因的植株40株。5、从上述158个植株中选出两个显性抗性基因均纯合或者任意三个抗性基因均纯合的植株共45株，通过标记加密进一步验证其基因型。结果表明，在Rf3，Rf4，Xa4，Xa21，xa5和xa13等六个基因座位上均带有纯合基因型的植株有3株。本研究通过粳型亲籼系不同分化度的特异亲和基因的聚合获得了新粳型亲籼系；通过聚合恢复基因和抗白叶枯病基因到粳型亲籼系中，使粳型亲籼系不仅能解决亚种间杂种不育性，用于两系杂交稻育种，而且由于具有抗白叶枯病基因，可以改善其对白叶枯病的抗性；由于有恢复基因而具有恢复能力，从而可以实现籼粳亚种间的三系配套。 相似文献
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亚洲栽培稻籼粳亚种间杂种优势的利用是水稻超高产育种的一项很重要的手段,直接利用籼粳间杂种优势已成为杂交育种的主攻方向。要进行籼粳亚种间杂种优势的超高产育种,首先是正确判别籼粳。籼粳中间型或非典型籼粳可能来源于籼粳的自然杂交或人工杂交,也可能来源于分化前的原始型过渡品种。这些品种中有很多是广亲和材料,如果能够正确认识其在分类系统中的地位,利用这些品种作为籼粳杂交的中间桥梁,运用科学的育种方法,减少或避免亚种间产生不育或育性较差的问题,对籼粳稻杂种优势的利用、广亲和材料的选育、分子标记及基因工程的顺利进行都… 相似文献
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籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用是实现杂交稻超高产育种目标途经之一,粳型亲籼系的选育和利用是籼粳交亚种间杂种优势利用的重要途经。作为籼粳亚种间超高产杂交水稻三系不育系选育方法之一,就是创造粳型亲籼不育系。该不育系必备不育系及胞质与保持系和籼稻恢复系具有遗传协调性;不育系基因组属于粳或粳偏籼型;对现有恢复系有很高的配合力;具有良好的农艺性状和不育特性;不育系对病虫抗性除主效基因外还应累积其他有效抗性基因。 相似文献
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《分子植物育种》2016,(11)
籼粳亚种间杂种优势利用是杂交水稻育种的重要研究方向,而选育利于实现籼粳亚种间优势利用的亲本材料是发挥籼粳亚种间杂种优势遗传潜力的重要材料基础。浙科82S是以粳型光温敏核不育系7001S为核不基因供体,以自育的籼粳中间型育种材料GS2066为父本,杂交选育的籼粳中间偏粳型光温敏核不育系。对浙科82S的育性、开花习性、自交和异交特性及配组优势等研究表明,浙科82S不育起点温度低,花时较早且集中,较高的异交率,且株型理想和具弱广亲和性,配组杂一代在穗粒数上具有较强的竞争优势,是籼粳亚种间优势利用的重要两系不育系。2015年通过浙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定。 相似文献
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北方杂交粳稻发展的思考与展望 总被引：31，自引：1，他引：30
回顾了“籼粳架桥”育成粳型恢复系Ｃ５７以来我国北方杂交粳稻的发展历程。通过总结经验,进一步认识到“籼粳架桥”对亚种间杂种优势利用的的指导意义,以及广亲和基因单一位点的局限性难以解决籼粳杂种复杂的生理障碍问题。提出了籼粳亚种有利基因集团的构建一配组,偏高秆偏长穗抗倒株型改良以及高产性与抗逆性,适应性相结合的超高产育种思路等问题。 相似文献
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水稻特异亲和基因S-e的分子定位 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
水稻籼粳亚种间杂种具有强大的优势，但亚种间杂种的不育性限制了这一优势的利用。开展杂种不育基因的定位工作，对于进一步了解杂种不育性的遗传基础，克服亚种间杂种的不育性具有重要的意义。本研究选用粳型品种台中65的近等基因系E47-1和籼型品种广陆矮4号为材料，利用74个SSR标记对杂种F2群体进行偏态分离标记的筛选，同时根据F2和F3群体花粉育性和具有偏态分离的SSR标记之间的连锁关系，对特异亲和基因(F1花粉不育基因)S-e座位进行了分子定位，取得了以下主要结果：1、利用116个均匀分布在水稻12条染色体上的SSR标记对籼粳两亲本进行多态性筛选。结果有101个SSR标记在亲本间具有多态性，15个SSR标记在亲本间无多态性，SSR标记在亲本间的多态率高达87．07％。2、选用74个亲本间具有多态性的SSR标记对E47-1／广陆矮4号组合F2群体的偏态分离进行了初步的筛选和分析。发现有6个染色体区段的9个SSR标记在F2群体中存在偏态分离，它们分别位于第3、第6、第7、第10、第11和第12染色体上，卡方值均达到显著或极显著水平。6个染色体区段中有2个严重偏态分离区段，分别位于第6和第12染色体。3、通过对F2群体的花粉育性和偏态分离区段的SSR标记基因型的相关关系分析，表明位于第12染色体上的SSR标记RMl9附近存在一个F1花粉不育基因。继而在该标记附近设计位置特异性微卫星标记PSM401、PSMl80、PSMl82，利用F3作图群体，将特异亲和基因S-e座位定位在分子标记PSM401、PSMl80和PSMl82、RMl9之间，该基因与各标记的遗传距离分别为2．3cM、1．3cM、3．7cM和4．3cM。4、选取在S-a、s-b、S-c、S-d、S-e五个座位均纯合、花粉表现为部分不育的F2单株，发展了另一R群体，表明该群体存在另一特异亲和基因座s-f。本研究利用SSR标记，对特异亲和基因S-e进行了分子定位。S-e座位的分子定位，进一步丰富和完善了特异亲和性的学术观点，并为分子标记辅助选育水稻的粳型亲籼系奠定了基础。 相似文献
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利用广亲和品种配制亚种间杂交稻的研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
众所周知,籼粳交F_1表现极明显的优势,但结实率低.广亲和基因的发现.使利用亚种间杂种优势成为可能.袁隆平据此提出了利用广亲和基因培育亚种间杂交稻超高产育种的见解.我们研究了用广亲和品种配制的杂种F_1主要农艺性状的相关关系,各性状对单株产量的重要性及各性状的优势表现.旨在为广亲和品种用于配制亚种间杂交稻的研究提供科学依据.材料和方法广亲和品种为培矮64(籼), CPSLO17(爪哇型),CPSLO(爪哇型),02428(粳).不育系有台中65A,秋光A,黎明A,农虎26A,京越A,黄金A,中作59A,537A,72-75A,垦六人,六南早A,珍籼97A(籼),V20A(籼),29南1号A(籼),协青早A(籼)等.以广亲和品种为父本,以不育系为母本,配制了76个组合,以盐优57为对照.于1990年4月13日播种,6月2日插秧,每一组合为一区,株行距为10cm×20cm,单本植,田间记载生 相似文献
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花粉不育是籼粳杂种F1优势利用的主要障碍之一。包括Sa、Sb和Sc等至少6个基因座位内的等位基因互作会引起花粉不育,这些座位上的中性等位基因可以克服不育性。所以,发掘和利用中性等位基因具有重要意义。本文用携带S5n的水稻种质,分别与台中65及其携带花粉不育基因的一套近等基因系杂交,组配具有单个座位互作和多个座位同时互作的杂种F1,首先通过观察杂种F1的花粉育性并比较相应杂种F1育性的差异,初步判断是否具有中性等位基因,然后,采用与Sa、Sb和Sc座位紧密连锁的分子标记对F2植株基因型的分离进行检测,并分析其分离比例的符合度,确定存在中性等位基因的真实性。结果发现在所鉴定的6份材料中有2份(灰背子和Madhukar)同时携带San和Sbn,3份(饭毫皮、秕五升和粤泰B)携带Sbn,1份(Jackson)携带Scn。这些材料同时携带可克服杂种F1胚囊不育和花粉不育的基因,是克服籼粳杂种F1不育性的重要基因来源。 相似文献
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Hybrids between rice subspecies indica and japonica display strong heterosis. However, semi-sterility of inter-subspecific hybrids between indica and japonica varieties is a major obstacle for application of hybrid vigor in rice production. Semi-sterility was previously ascribed
to allelic interaction at a number of different loci, whereas, wide-compatibility varieties can overcome hybrid sterility.
Variety Nekken 2, which is a source of wide compatibility genes, showed sterility when crossed to the Korean variety Yeong
Pung. Genetic and cytological analyses revealed that the semi-sterility was caused by partial abortion of the embryo sac.
Genome-wide analysis of the backcross population, Nekken 2/Yeong Pung//Nekken 2 identified two independent loci for hybrid
sterility on chromosomes 1 and 12, explaining 18.99 and 18.03% of the phenotypic variance, respectively. To confirm this result,
another population of the same backcross containing 216 individuals was tested at a different site in a different year. The
locus on chromosome 12 was detected again. Based on the study, the stable QTL on chromosome 12 appeared to be different from
previously reported genes for this trait, and was designated as S35(t). 相似文献
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A genetic analysis of low-temperature-sensitive sterility in indica-japonica rice hybrids 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
Low-temperature-sensitive sterility has become one of the major obstacles in indica–japonica hybrid rice breeding. The objectives of this paper were to evaluate the extent of the fertility reduction and to determine the genetic basis of low-temperature-sensitive sterility. Seventeen varieties were crossed in various ways to produce 21 F1s including 16 indica-japonica hybrids. Fertility of the F1s and their parents was examined under both high and low temperature conditions. Considerable reduction in spikelet fertility was observed under low-temperature conditions in the majority of the indica–japonica hybrids having at least one wide compatibility parent. However, the extent of fertility reduction varied greatly, depending on the parental genotypes. Data from five pairs of reciprocal crosses indicated that the cytoplasm had no effect on fertility reduction. The more-or-less bimodal distribution of the fertility segregation of one BC1F1 and two F2: populations under low-temperature conditions suggested that the low-temperature-sensitive sterility was controlled by only one or a few genes. It was also shown that the low-temperature-sensitivity is not related to wide compatibility. We conclude that it is possible to develop indica-japonica hybrids with wide compatibility and also insensitivity to the low-temperature conditions. 相似文献
16.
Yang Zhuping 《Euphytica》1997,95(3):253-258
Following anther culture of various F1 hybrids of indica restorer (R) lines/wide compatible varieties (WCVs) and japonica R lines/WCVs, the homozygous diploid plants
(2n) generated were test-crossed with indica WA type cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile (CMS) line Zhanshan 97A (WA), indica
testers Nanjing 11 and Nante, japonica BT CMS line Hanfeng A (BT), and japonica testers Balilla and Akihikari to identify
widely compatible restorer lines. The results of this study showed that among the diploid pollen plants generated from F1 hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs, 36.7% and 64.7% possessed normal fertility restoration ability (rate of seed-setting > 80%)
to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A, respectively. 71.3% and 32.3% had normal fertility restoration ability to Hanfeng A and Zhanshan
97A, respectively, in diploid pollen plants derived from the japonica R lines/WCVs F1's anther culture. Several widely compatible R lines were selected from anther culture of F1 hybrids of indica R lines/WCVs and japonica R lines/WCVs. These widely compatible R lines derived from diploid pollen plants
showed good wide compatibility and restoration ability both to WA and BT type CMS lines. Strong standard heterosis of major
agronomic traits and yield traits was observed in F1 test-crosses of widely compatible R lines with Hanfeng A and Zhanshan 97A. The wide compatibility in widely compatible R
lines H17, H158 and H281 was studied by a set of three-way crosses. Segregation of the fertile plants with seed-setting rate
> 70% and semi-fertile plants with seed-setting rate > 69.9% agreed with a ratio of 1:1, indicating that wide compatibility
in these widely compatible R lines is governed by a pair of major genes.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
17.
粳稻品种4502与广亲和品种间杂种F1不育性的遗传分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用９个籼、粳稻品种，７个广亲和品种，配制单交Ｆ１、回交及三交组合，研究了粳稻品种４５０２与广亲和品种间Ｆ１不育性的遗传。根据与品种４５０２杂交Ｆ１的亲和性，可将参试的广亲和品种分为两组，Ｉ组是４５０２亲和的品种，如Ｄｕｌａｒ和０２４２８；Ⅱ组是与４５０２不亲和的品种，如热研１号、Ｍｏｒｏｂｅｒｅｋａｎ和ＣＰＳＬＯ１７。回交和三交组合的育性分离表明，４５０２和Ⅱ组广亲和品种间杂种Ｆ１花粉不育性受单 相似文献
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Developing rice lines possessing neutral alleles at sterility loci to improve the width of compatibility 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
To improve the width of compatibility for overcoming various sterilities in inter‐subspecific hybrid rice, some elite lines combining several sterility‐neutral genes were developed and the effects on mitigating various hybrid sterilities were tested. From Akihikari// IR36/Dular, neutral genes at ga11 and six sterility loci, S5, S7, S8, S9, S15 and S16, were combined and elite lines were obtained in their successive progeny. Four of the lines tested were confirmed to combine the neutral alleles S5‐n, S7‐n, S8‐n, S9‐n, S15‐n and S16‐n at the sterility loci and, among them, two harboured an additional gamete abortion‐neutral allele, ga11‐n. F1s, which used the lines and various testers as parents, mitigated the spikelet sterilities by six sterility loci and gamete abortion by a gametophyte gene, ga11. These lines could be selectively used as parents or donors to increase the width of compatibility of rice varieties for improving fertility in inter‐subspecific hybrid rice breeding. 相似文献
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利用一套以粳稻品种Asominori为遗传背景、籼稻品种IR24为染色体片段供体的覆盖全基因组的CSSL群体，研究了籼粳亚种间组合Asominori/IR24和02428/IR24杂种小穗低育性的遗传基础。结果发现，Asominori/IR24组合的育性主要受第5染色体上的2个育性位点S-24(t)和S-31(t)及第6染色体上的 S-5位点控制，其中S-31(t)为本研究发现的新育性位点，粳稻品种02428带有该位点的亲和性基因。02428/IR24组合的低育性主要受S-24(t)花粉育性位点的影响。育性基因的表达受遗传背景的影响，在粳稻遗传背景中，S-24(t)位点处在Si/Sj杂合基因型时可使杂种小穗育性下降70%左右，而S-31(t)和 S-5为杂种半不育位点。在籼粳全基因组杂合遗传背景中，当S-5i/S-5j基因型置换成S-5i/S-5i基因型后，亚种间杂种小穗育性可平均提高22.5%，接近正常育性水平。在S-5i/S-5j遗传背景中，S-24(t)和S-31(t)的Si/Si纯合基因型不能改善亚种间杂种的小穗育性。说明S-5位点是影响亚种间小穗育性的关键位点，在亚种间杂交稻育种中，必须首先克服S-5位点造成的育性障碍。提出了等位基因置换法克服水稻籼粳亚种间杂种小穗低育性的技术策略。 相似文献
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An analysis of hybrid sterility in rice using a diallel cross of 21 parents involving indica, japonica and wide compatibility varieties 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Summary There is much interest in the inter-varietal fertility of Asian cultivated rice. In this study, we analyzed the fertility of hybrids in a diallel set of 210 crosses involving 21 parents representing a broad range of the cultivated rice germplasm including landraces, primitive cultivars, modern elite cultivars and parents of hybrid rice. The materials were also carefully selected with respect to indica-japonica classification including typical indica/japonica, more or less intermediate and wide compatibility varieties. The level of hybrid fertility varied widely among the crosses from almost completely sterile to fully fertile. In general, hybrid fertility of intra-subspecific crosses, i.e., indica by indica (I×I) and japonica by japonica (J×J), is much higher than inter-subspecific crosses (I×J or J×I). The fertility varied widely in hybrids involving wide compatibility varieties and also in inter-subspecific crosses not involving wide compatibility varieties. An analysis of variance showed that both the main effects of indica and japonica parents and the interaction between the parents are highly significant in determining hybrid fertility. We speculate that, in addition to wide compatibility, the overall genetic difference between the indica and japonica parents, that may involve a series of minor mutations, play an important role in determining the hybrid fertility. There are also genes of sizable effect that influence fertility in hybrids resulting from specific combinations of the parents.Abbreviations I×I
indica by indica cross
- I×J
indica by japonica cross
- J×I
japonica by indica cross
- J×J
japonica by japonica cross
- WCV
wide compatibility variety 相似文献