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文章以婺州公园为例,结合参与改造提档工程施工管理经验,对该园地被植物的应用历史、现有种类、具体应用方式进行了总结;分析了地被植物生长状况与原因,并据此筛选出适宜金华地区的新优地被植物种类。
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文章根据河西走廊的气候特点,介绍适合该地区生长的部分常用地被植物,以及各种地被植物在园林绿化中的应用模式。
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二月兰的多用途开发与城市绿化应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在全面介绍二月兰作为观赏植物、油料资源、食用蔬菜和饲料植物栽培的价值基础上,重点分析了二月兰作为城市绿化地被植物的优势,列举了二月兰的绿化配置形式,并介绍了我国主要城市应用二月兰进行绿化的成功实例,探讨了在城市绿化中广泛推广应用二月兰的前景。
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生态足迹是一种定量测定人类对自然资源利用程度的新方法。为了客观反映鹤壁市市域资源消耗与供给状况,本研究引入生态足迹理论与方法,分析了鹤壁市近10年生态足迹和生态承载力的动态变化。结果表明,2000-2010年期间鹤壁市人均生态足迹呈递增趋势,由2000年的1.373 7 hm2/人增长到2010年的4.342 0hm2/人,年均增幅21.6%。化石能源用地是鹤壁市人均生态足迹增大的主要原因。人均生态承载力总体呈现下降趋势,由0.299 0 hm2/人降至0.280 5 hm2/人,降幅6.2%。人均生态足迹与人均生态承载力之比由2000年的4.59:1增至2010年的15.48:1。鹤壁市一直处于生态赤字状态,且呈加剧趋势,其发展处于不可持续状态。
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Satoshi Yamashita Tsutomu Hattori Shin Abe Hideaki Goto Hiroki Sato 《Journal of Forest Research》2014,19(1):143-153
Improvement cutting, which decreases tree density by cutting and thinning while leaving logging residues, has been practiced on Okinawa Island since the 1970s and changes not only the vegetation composition but also the amount and composition of woody debris on the forest floor. To quantitatively compare the effect of improvement cutting with the effects of woody debris and vegetation on the community structure of aphyllophoraceous fungi, we conducted a field survey of vegetation composition, the amount and composition of woody debris, and the aphyllophoraceous fungi flora on Okinawa Island in December 2006. We established 3 plots in forest stands without logging and 13 plots in a forest that had undergone improvement cutting from 1 to 22 years before our field survey. The number and volume of woody debris tended to be highest soon after improvement cutting. We recorded 1,172 fungal samples belonging to 81 species in four orders. Fungal species richness was correlated with the composition of the woody debris. Fungal species composition in forest plots 1 year after improvement cutting differed from most of the other logged forests. Variation partitioning revealed that the effects of improvement cutting explained 14.1 % of the total variation in fungal species composition, and that differences in woody debris and vegetation not related to improvement cutting explained 40.4 %. Changes in the composition of woody debris caused by improvement cutting explained at most 2.7 % of the variation. This suggests that improvement cutting does not have a strong effect on fungal community structure, but woody debris does. 相似文献
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《Southern Forests》2013,75(2):111-116
Despite the importance of edaphic factors in influencing woody vegetation diversity and structure in savannas, there is still limited research on the topic across most savanna ecosystems. Here we investigate the differences and/or similarities of woody vegetation diversity and structure across areas with different edaphic factors (i.e. soil group) in Gonarezhou National Park, Zimbabwe. We stratified our study area into two strata based on soil group, namely siallitic soil in northern Gonarezhou and regosol soil in central Gonarezhou. Data were collected from 96 sample plots between March and April in 2011. Our results showed significantly higher woody species diversity in siallitic soil stratum compared to regosol soil stratum. In contrast, there were no significant differences in woody vegetation structure between the two study strata. Our results suggest that soil variations play an important role in influencing woody vegetation diversity more than woody vegetation structure in Gonarezhou. Future studies should investigate the role of soils on a specific woodland type's composition and structure, and also determine the interactive effects between soils and other environmental determinants in Gonarezhou and similar protected areas in savanna ecosystems. 相似文献
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通过对含有鄂西箬竹的4种植被,即针阔混交林、次生阔叶林、疏灌丛及草甸的样地调查,比较分析了箬竹群落的区系构成,生活型、群落结构及竹类生存状况。20年前的针叶树种的采伐提升了样地的物种多样性,但影响了其下层植物箬竹的生存。疏灌丛比其背景植被草甸含有更高的物种多样性和更多的地下芽植物,然而疏灌丛下的箬竹长势更好。箬竹偏喜于缓坡上具有中等盖度的植被环境。发生于次生阔叶林中的箬竹群体开花预示着在整个神农架亚高山生境的箬竹将在未来的几年内同时开花死亡。这不仅会改变现存竹类立地的区系构成和群落结构,同时也会波及到这一稀有物种的生存问题。 相似文献
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《林业研究》2016,(6)
Natural forest recovery on abandoned farmland is hindered by a variety of factors and active restoration plays an important role when quick afforestation is desired.We investigated seedling survival of four transplanted native tree species(Quercus myrsinifolia, Quercus serrata,Aphananthe aspera, and Rhus sylvestris) by experimentally manipulating the vegetation cover, which was mainly dominated by dwarf bamboo(Pleioblastus chino), and herbivore access to the planting sites on farmland that had been abandoned for 15 years at the start of the study. Few transplanted seedlings of any species survived under intact vegetation cover, irrespective of herbivore presence. In gaps in the vegetation cover, winter browsing by Japanese hare(Lepus brachyurus) damaged all species. However,lower browsing frequency and higher resprouting ability after grazing of the seedlings enabled both Quercus species to survive better than the other species. These results indicate that dwarf bamboo and the hare jointly limit the establishment of native trees in old fields. If active afforestation by transplanting seedlings at sites dominated by dwarf bamboo is planned, a combination of vegetation removal, selection of suitable species, and temporary seedling protection will be most effective. 相似文献
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J. C. Scanlan R. Prinsley J. P. Pigott S. Wakefield F. van der Sommen F. Duncan T. Stadler R. McLellan A. Farago 《Agroforestry Systems》1992,20(1-2):141-166
Australia's forests and woodlands have been extensively cleared since European settlement. Cropping regions have the least retained native vegetation, with the greatest depletion of forests and woodlands being observed in Western Australia and South Australia. Salinisation, erosion and landslides have resulted from excessive clearing and inappropriate tree removal from particular units within the landscape. Major problems in cropping regions are the dramatic reduction in total woody cover and the fragmentation of retained vegetation into isolated remnant patches which tend to be very small (<10–15 ha). Those states with little remnant vegetation have legislation which restricts further clearing and the main emphasis is on managing remnant patches for conservation. For those states with a large proportion of woody vegetation uncleared, the main priority is to ensure that past mistakes are not repeated and that any vegetation clearance is based upon sound ecological principles.Throughout Australia, the condition of the remaining vegetation is of great concern and management guidelines for both conservation and production are being sought. Clearing may lead directly to soil erosion, but often the cause of erosion is inappropriate post-clearing management. Overgrazing is a major cause of vegetation and soil degradation, particularly in semi-arid regions.An understanding of the complex inter-relationship between woody vegetation, grazing and fire is necessary if 1) flora and fauna are to be conserved; 2) hydrological balance is to be maintained; and 3) rural industries are to remain viable. Planning at the catchment level is necessary to implement strategies to meet conservation and hydrological goals. Within that framework, individual property planning must include consideration of the area of native woody vegetation to be retained and its configuration. In many cases, the purpose of retention will influence the decisions of where and how native vegetation should be retained. 相似文献
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Douglas G. Pitt Andrée Morneault William C. Parker Al Stinson Len Lanteigne 《Forest Ecology and Management》2009
We investigated the effects of herbaceous and woody vegetation control on the survival and growth of planted eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) seedlings through six growing seasons. Herbaceous vegetation control involved the suppression of grasses, forbs, ferns, and low-shrubs, and was maintained for 0, 2, or 4 years after white pine seedlings were planted. Woody control involved the removal of all tall-shrub and deciduous trees, and was conducted at the time of planting, at the end of the second or fifth growing seasons, or not at all. Seedling height and basal diameter responded positively and proportionally to duration of herbaceous vegetation control. Gains associated with woody control were generally not significant unless some degree of herbaceous vegetation control was also conducted. Only herbaceous control increased pine crown closure and rate of crown closure. Herbaceous control and the presence of 5000–15,000 stems per ha of young overtopping aspen were associated with reduced weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck.) injury and increased pine height growth. The study suggests that white pine restoration strategies on clearcut sites should focus on the proactive, early management of understory vegetation and the gradual reduction of overtopping cover from woody vegetation to create a seedling light environment that supports acceptable growth with minimal weevil damage. 相似文献
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Four vegetation types, namely coniferous and broadleaved mixed forest, secondary deciduous broadleaved forest, open shrubs
and meadow, with dwarf bamboo (Indocalamus wilsoni) are compared on their floristic composition, life form, community structure, and survivorship of bamboos. Disturbance of
conifer-logging two decades ago promoted the species diversity, but negatively influenced the survivorship of dwarf bamboo
which is dominate on the forest floor. Open shrubs bear more species diversity and more geophytes in its life-form spectrum
than its background vegetation subalpine meadow, however, dwarf bamboo is growing much better in the open shrubs than in the
meadow. It seems dwarf bamboo probably favorites to occur in the vegetation at gentle slopes with a mediate canopy cover.
Its mass flowering in the secondary deciduous forest suggests that a simultaneous flowering and following dieback maybe irrupt
in the recently coming years over the subalpine Shennongjia in China, which will be not only alter the floristic composition
and community structure of the old bamboo stands, but also influence the survivorship of this rare species.
Biography: Li Zhao-hua (1964-), male, Ph. D Candidate in the Ceter for Development Researches (ZEF) of Bonn University, ZEF, Bonn University,
Walter-Flex-Str. 3, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai 相似文献
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The influence of regulatory forest policy tools on biodiversity measures for forests in Ukraine 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The transition from a state-oriented forest economy to a market-oriented one requires a critical analysis of the set of tools designed to implement state forest policies. One of the important goals of Ukrainian forest policy is conservation of the biodiversity of forest ecosystems. This paper analyzes the influence of two of the regulatory forest policy instruments (zoning and prohibition of final harvesting) on the diversity of woody vegetation using Tobit regression. Data on the forest resources of the Sumy administrative province in Ukraine are used for the analysis. Additionally, we look at how diversity of woody vegetation is affected by the form of forest tenure. 相似文献